CN211908359U - Board carries three-phase surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a board-mounted three-phase surge protector, which comprises a shell, a base and a surge protector module positioned in the shell, wherein the surge protector module comprises three L-N surge protector sub-modules and one N-PE surge protector sub-module; the L-N surge protector submodule comprises a multilayer gap component module, an L pole pin and an N pole terminal; the N-PE surge protector submodule comprises a single gap module, an N pole pin and at least one PE pole pin; the N-pole terminal of each L-N surge protector submodule is electrically connected with the N-pole pin of the N-PE surge protector submodule inside the shell; the L-N surge protector submodule and the N-PE surge protector submodule are arranged in the shell, and the L pole pin, the N pole pin and the PE pole pin are led out of the base. The surge protector has the characteristics of compact structure, large flow, safe use and the like.

Description

Board carries three-phase surge protector

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an overvoltage, overcurrent protection technical field especially relate to a board carries three-phase surge protector.

Background

The surge protection device is an overvoltage protection device connected in an electronic device or a low-voltage distribution system, and is mainly used for discharging surge current caused by lightning current, lightning induction and switching operation, and limiting the amplitude of the overvoltage, thereby preventing the surge current from damaging other devices in a loop.

In order to improve the overvoltage limiting capability, it is usually necessary to dispose a voltage limiting type surge protector at the front end of the switchboard or the equipment; the voltage limiting type surge protector has two outstanding problems:

1. the voltage-limiting surge protector has the advantages that the key devices of the voltage-limiting surge protector, such as a piezoresistor, a transient voltage suppressor and the like, are short-circuited in most failure modes, so that a thermal protection function needs to be added, however, the thermal protection device usually does not have an overcurrent protection function and can only cut off tens of amperes of alternating current or a few A of direct current, if the voltage-limiting device fails to be short-circuited and the thermal protection device is not started, hundreds of thousands of amperes of short-circuit current occurs, the surge protector cannot cut off the fault current, the fault current needs to be cut off by an external overcurrent protection device, and otherwise, fire hazard exists; the surge protector is externally connected with an overcurrent protection device to protect the surge protector, and the surge current bearing capacity and the overcurrent protection starting current are difficult to match; the residual pressure is high; high cost and the like.

2. The thermal protection device of the voltage-limiting surge protector uses low-melting-point alloy as a thermal trigger medium, and is connected with the voltage-limiting device in series to form an electric connection path. Thermal triggering media typically require selection of melting point temperatures between 100-150 ℃; the phenomenon that the thermal protection device is tripped mistakenly or in advance easily occurs in the flowing and using processes of surge current; the reasons are that the voltage limiting device generates heat in the process of flowing surge current, the melting point of the thermal trigger medium is low, the thermal effect and the electrodynamic effect exist when the thermal trigger medium flows the surge current, the material of the thermal trigger medium is brittle, and the like.

The multi-gap discharge tube has the technical advantages of no power consumption, large through current, normal use, open circuit and the like, but has the characteristics of certain follow current and short circuit failure under temporary overvoltage, and in the field of low-voltage power distribution, if the damage caused by follow current and short circuit is avoided, the multi-gap discharge tube can be adopted to replace a voltage-limiting surge protector, so that a smaller surge protector with the same through current is formed, and power equipment is protected at an inlet of the power equipment.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an on-board three-phase surge protector employing a multiple gap discharge tube.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a board-mounted three-phase surge protector comprises a shell, a base and a surge protector module positioned in the shell, wherein the surge protector module comprises three L-N surge protector sub-modules and an N-PE surge protector sub-module;

the L-N surge protector submodule comprises a multilayer gap assembly module, an L pole pin and an N pole terminal; the N-PE surge protector submodule comprises a single gap module, an N pole pin and at least one PE pole pin; the N-pole terminal of each L-N surge protector submodule is electrically connected with the N-pole pin of the N-PE surge protector submodule inside the shell;

the L-N surge protector submodule and the N-PE surge protector submodule are arranged in the shell, and the L pole pin, the N pole pin and the PE pole pin are led out of the base.

Furthermore, the sub-module of the L-N surge protector further comprises a first energy storage separation mechanism and a first fixed frame, the multilayer gap component module is arranged in the first fixed frame, and the first energy storage separation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the first fixed frame; one end of the multilayer gap component module is an N-pole terminal, and the other end of the multilayer gap component module is connected with an L-pole pin of the L-N surge protector submodule through the first energy storage separation mechanism;

the N-PE surge protector submodule further comprises a second energy storage separation mechanism and a second fixed frame, the single gap module is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame, the second energy storage separation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the second fixed frame, one end of the single gap module is an N-pole pin, and the other end of the single gap module is connected with the PE-pole pin of the N-PE surge protector submodule through the second energy storage separation mechanism.

Furthermore, the L-N surge protector submodule and the N-PE surge protector submodule are adjacently arranged in a row, three L pole pins and three N pole pins are arranged in a row, and PE pole pins are arranged in another row and are respectively led out from two sides of the base.

Further, the multilayer gap component module comprises a multi-gap device, a first circuit board and n-1 capacitors; the multi-gap device is provided with N layers of gaps, a first terminal and a second terminal are respectively arranged at two ends of the multi-gap device, the second terminal is an N-pole terminal, and a trigger terminal is arranged in each gap, so that N-1 trigger terminals are provided; the second terminal and the n-1 trigger terminals are fixed on the first circuit board through welding, and meanwhile the n-1 trigger terminals are respectively and electrically connected with the second terminal through 1 capacitor to form n-1 loops.

Further, the second terminals of the multi-layer gap assembly modules of the three L-N surge protector sub-modules are connected to the N-pole pin by a bus bar.

Further, the first energy storage separation mechanism comprises a first elastic sheet, a first sliding block and two first pressure springs; the middle part of the first elastic sheet is fixed on the first fixed frame, and a bending angle is arranged on the first fixed frame; one end of the first elastic sheet is used as the L-pole pin which is externally connected, and the other end of the first elastic sheet is connected with the first terminal of the multilayer gap component module through fusible alloy; the first pressure spring and the first slider are assembled on the first fixed frame through a first sliding mechanism provided on the first fixed frame, the first sliding mechanism being configured to: when the fusible alloy is melted, the first sliding block moves under the action of the pressure spring to separate the electric connection between the first elastic sheet and the first terminal of the multilayer clearance assembly module.

Furthermore, the second energy storage separation mechanism comprises a second elastic sheet, a second sliding block and two second pressure springs, one end of the single gap module is connected with the N-pole pin, the other end of the single gap module is connected with one end of the second elastic sheet through fusible alloy welding, and the other end of the second elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the PE-pole pin; the second pressure spring and the second slider are assembled on the second fixed frame through a second sliding mechanism arranged on the second fixed frame, and the second sliding mechanism is used for realizing that: when the fusible alloy is melted, the second sliding block moves under the action of the second pressure spring to separate the electric connection between the second elastic sheet and the single gap module.

Further, the single gap module is a gas discharge tube.

Further, the fusible alloy is a fusible alloy with a melting point of 150-250 ℃.

Furthermore, the onboard three-phase surge protector also comprises a remote signaling module, wherein the remote signaling module comprises four touch switches, and circuits of the four touch switches are connected in series and led out from a remote signaling pin; the four touch switches respectively correspond to the three L-N surge protector submodules and the N-PE surge protector submodule.

Furthermore, the remote signaling module further comprises a second circuit board and a third circuit board, three touch switches are arranged on the second circuit board, the three touch switches on the second circuit board correspond to the three L-N surge protector sub-modules respectively, one touch switch and the remote signaling pin are arranged on the third circuit board, the touch switch on the third circuit board corresponds to the N-PE surge protector sub-module and is connected through a lead, and the second circuit board is connected with the third circuit board through a lead.

The technical effects of the utility model:

the utility model provides a little volume, big through-flow board carry three-phase surge protector, this surge protector can reach the protective effect who matches with voltage limiting type surge protector when normal use, when the afterflow produces or acts the short circuit under the temporary overvoltage, takes off the device by heat and breaks away from the circuit with it, forms the fail safe device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a multilayer gap type surge protector of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a mounting dimension diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the normal operation of the energy storage mechanism of the sub-module of the L-N surge protector.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the multi-gap assembly module of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a normal working sectional view of an energy storage mechanism of an L-N surge protector submodule.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage mechanism of the sub-module of the L-N surge protector in operation after the spring plate is sprung open.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the L-N surge protector submodule with the energy storage mechanism active and the spring plate sprung open.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of normal operation of an energy storage mechanism of a submodule of the N-PE surge protector.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage mechanism of the sub-module of the N-PE surge protector in operation with the slider separating the spring from the device.

Fig. 11 is another angular view of fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a structural diagram of a remote signaling module.

Reference numerals:

100 case

200L-N surge protector submodule

201 multilayer gap assembly module

202 first fixing frame

203 first spring plate

204 first slide block

205 first pressure spring

300N-PE surge protector submodule

301 single gap module

302 second fixing frame

303 second elastic sheet

304 second slide block

305 second pressure spring

306N terminal

400 base

500 remote signaling module

501 touch switch

502 second circuit board

504 third circuit board

505 lead wire

506 remote signaling pin

601 PE pole pin

602N pole pin

603L pole pin

604L pole pin

605L pole pin

2011 Multi-gap device

2012 first circuit board

2013 capacitor

2014 first terminal

2015 second terminal

2016 trigger terminal

2031 elastic sheet welding end

2032 spring plate leading-out terminal

2041 wedge part

5011 locating hole

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With these references, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-3, the utility model discloses an on-board three-phase surge protector's embodiment, this embodiment specifically is: an on-board 3+1 mode multilayer gap type surge protector, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present embodiment, and fig. 2 is an external dimension diagram of the present embodiment; fig. 3 is an exploded view of the present embodiment. The multi-layer gap type surge protector comprises a shell 100, a base 400 and a surge protector module positioned in the shell 100, wherein the surge protector module comprises three multi-layer gap type L-N surge protector sub-modules 200, a single gap type N-PE surge protector sub-module 300 and a remote signaling module 500. Multilayer discharge gaps are adopted in the L-N surge protector submodule 200 to protect a high-voltage line; the voltage of the N-PE is low, and the N-PE surge protector submodule 300 can meet the requirement of discharge protection between the N-PE by adopting a single discharge gap.

The three L-N surge protector sub-modules 200 lead out L pole pins 603, 604 and 605 respectively, and the N-PE surge protector sub-module 300 leads out an N pole pin 602 and a PE pole pin 601. Three L-N surge protector sub-modules 200 and one N-PE surge protector sub-module 300 are arranged adjacently in a row, three L- pole pins 603, 604, 605 and N-pole pin 602 are arranged in a row, and PE-pole pin 601 is arranged in another row and led out from two sides of the base 400 respectively. Another pair of remote signaling pins 506 is disposed in the same column as the PE pole pin 601. Through the arrangement, the surge protection device is compactly arranged under the condition of ensuring the safety distance, so that the small size is realized. Meanwhile, the L pole pin of the L-N surge protector submodule 200, the N pole pin 602 of the N-PE surge protector submodule 300 and the PE pole pin 601 are directly led out of the base 400, so that the circuit is short and the overcurrent is large.

As shown in fig. 4-8, each L-N surge protector sub-module 200 includes a multi-layer gap assembly module 201, a first energy storage disengaging mechanism, and a first fixing frame 202; the multi-layered gap assembly module 201 is fixed in the first fixing frame 202 by a fixed card slot.

As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the multi-layer gap module 201 includes a multi-gap device 2011, a first circuit board 2012 and n-1 capacitors 2013; the multi-gap device 2011 is provided with n layers of gaps, two ends of the multi-gap device 2011 are respectively provided with a first terminal 2014 and a second terminal 2015, and meanwhile, each gap is provided with a trigger terminal 2016, so that n-1 trigger terminals 2016 are provided; further, a second terminal 2015 and n-1 trigger terminals 2016 are fixed on the first circuit board 2012 by soldering, and the n-1 trigger terminals 2016 are connected to the second terminal 2015 by n-1 capacitors 2013 to form n-1 loops. The capacitor has frequency-selecting function and can couple high-frequency voltage, thereby reducing the impact starting voltage of the multi-gap discharge tube.

As shown in fig. 4-8, in the present embodiment, the energy storage disengaging mechanism of the L-N surge protector sub-module 200 is disposed at one side of the first fixing frame 202, and includes a first elastic sheet 203, a first sliding block 204, and two first pressure springs 205; the first elastic sheet 203 is formed by processing green phosphor copper into a special shape, a buckle is arranged in the middle of the first elastic sheet 203 and can be clamped on the first fixed frame 202, and meanwhile, a bending angle is arranged on the first fixed frame 202 and can keep the elasticity of the first elastic sheet 203; the two ends of the first spring plate 203 are respectively a spring plate welding end 2031 and a spring plate leading-out end 2032, the spring plate leading-out end 2032 is used as an external connection pin and extends out of the base 400, and the spring plate welding end 2031 is connected with the first terminal 2014 of the multilayer gap component module 201 through fusible alloy; the first pressure spring 205 and the first slider 204 are assembled thereon by a special mechanism provided on the first fixed frame 202, and particularly, the first slider 204 is confined between the elastic sheet welding end 2031 and the bottom of the first fixed frame 202. In this embodiment, when the energy storage disengaging mechanism is activated, the first slider 204 moves upward under the action of the first pressure spring 205, and the wedge portion 2041 of the first slider 204 separates the first elastic sheet 203 from the first terminal 2014 of the multi-layer gap component module 201.

The first terminals 2014 of the three surge protector sub-modules 200 respectively serve as three different terminals L1, L2, L3 of the surge protector, and an energy storage disengaging mechanism is provided at each terminal. When the energy storage separation mechanism acts, the L-N surge protector submodule 200 can be disconnected from the power supply circuit.

The multi-gap discharge tube can generate follow current under abnormal overvoltage, the follow current belongs to arc discharge, the electrode temperature of the multi-gap discharge tube can be suddenly increased in a short time, the thermal disconnecting device is operated, the circuit is cut off, and the safety of the surge protector is ensured. Since the arc discharge in the gap generates a high amount of heat, and at this time, a fusible alloy having a melting point of 90 to 150 ℃ is used, which is likely to cause a malfunction, in this embodiment, a fusible alloy having a melting point of 150 to 250 ℃ is used, and the design of this melting point range is used, which has good weldability and can avoid a malfunction.

As shown in fig. 9-11, in the present embodiment, the sub-module 300 of the N-PE surge protector includes a single gap module 301, a second energy-storing detachment mechanism and a second fixed frame 302, wherein the detachment mechanism includes a second elastic sheet 303, fusible alloy, a second sliding block 304 and two second pressure springs 305.

The single gap module 301 may be a single gap comprised of a gas discharge tube or other lightning protection device. A single gap module 301 is placed on the second fixed frame 302. One end of the single gap module 301 is connected to the N-pole terminal 306, an N-pole pin 602 shown in fig. 3 is led out from the N-pole terminal 306, the second elastic piece 303 and the other end of the single gap module 301 are welded together through fusible alloy, and meanwhile, the second elastic piece 303 and the PE-pole pin 601 shown in fig. 3 are fixedly connected together.

The two second pressure springs 305 and the second sliding block 304 are fixed on the second fixed frame 302 by a special mechanism, and the second sliding block 304 is fixed in a fixed position by the second elastic sheet 303.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, the second terminals 2015 of the 3L-N surge protector sub-modules 200 are connected to the N-pole terminal 306 of the N-PE surge protector sub-module 300 by a bus bar. And the bus bar connection is adopted, so that the structure is compact and the overcurrent is large. Meanwhile, the bus bar can also play a role in connecting and fixing the surge protection devices, and has positive significance in shock resistance of products.

As shown in fig. 12, in this embodiment, the remote signaling module 500 includes four touch switches 501, a second circuit board 502 and a third circuit board 504, three touch switches 501 are disposed on the second circuit board 502, the three touch switches 501 correspond to three L-N surge protector submodules 200 respectively, one touch switch 501 and a remote signaling pin 506 are disposed on the third circuit board 504, the touch switch 501 corresponds to the N-PE surge protector submodule 300, and the second circuit board 502 and the third circuit board 504 are connected by a lead 505. The touch switch 501 has three pins, and can be stably fixed on the circuit board through the three pins, and the four touch switches 501 form circuit connection through the circuit board and form series connection between the two remote signaling pins 506. As long as one touch switch 501 is normally opened, the whole remote signaling module 500 will alarm.

The touch switch is connected by adopting a circuit board, so that the reliability of circuit connection can be ensured, and the modularized production and manufacturing are facilitated.

In this embodiment, the positioning hole 5011 is disposed on the touch switch 501, and the touch switch 501 is fixed with the positioning column on the fixing frame through the positioning hole 5011, so that the installation is convenient, and the structure is stable and reliable.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, taking the L-N surge protector submodule 200 as an example, the trigger switch is triggered by a slider, and under a normal working condition, the trigger switch is kept normally closed, and as long as the energy storage release mechanism is released, the first slider 204 is pushed by the first pressure spring 205 to be separated from contact with the trigger switch, and the trigger switch becomes normally open.

The components such as the fixed frame, the sliding block, the base and the shell are made of special engineering plastics, and have the characteristics of high flame retardance, high temperature resistance, high strength, shock resistance, drop resistance and the like.

In this embodiment, the piezoresistor is replaced by the multi-gap discharge tube, and the multi-gap discharge tube has the characteristics of no follow current, no power consumption, large through current and open circuit failure in normal use, so that the onboard three-phase surge protector with small volume and large through flow is realized. Meanwhile, the thermal disconnecting device is used as short-circuit protection of the multi-gap discharge tube during abnormal overvoltage of a system, follow current can be generated in the multi-gap discharge tube under the abnormal overvoltage, the follow current belongs to arc discharge, the electrode temperature of the multi-gap discharge tube is rapidly increased within short time, the thermal disconnecting device acts to cut off a circuit, and the safety of the surge protector is ensured. Because the temperature of the electrode rises rapidly in a short time, the alloy design of the melting point between 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ can be adopted, the total toughness of the melting point interval is good, the weldability is good, and the misoperation is avoided.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A board carries three-phase surge protector which characterized in that: the surge protector module comprises three L-N surge protector sub-modules and one N-PE surge protector sub-module;

the L-N surge protector submodule comprises a multilayer gap component module, an L pole pin and an N pole terminal; the N-PE surge protector submodule comprises a single gap module, an N pole pin and at least one PE pole pin; the N-pole terminal of each L-N surge protector submodule is electrically connected with the N-pole pin of the N-PE surge protector submodule inside the shell;

the L-N surge protector submodule and the N-PE surge protector submodule are arranged in the shell, and the L pole pin, the N pole pin and the PE pole pin are led out of the base.

2. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the L-N surge protector submodule further comprises a first energy storage separation mechanism and a first fixed frame, the multilayer gap component module is arranged in the first fixed frame, and the first energy storage separation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the first fixed frame; one end of the multilayer gap component module is an N-pole terminal, and the other end of the multilayer gap component module is connected with an L-pole pin of the L-N surge protector submodule through the first energy storage separation mechanism;

the N-PE surge protector submodule further comprises a second energy storage separation mechanism and a second fixed frame, the single gap module is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame, the second energy storage separation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the second fixed frame, one end of the single gap module is an N-pole pin, and the other end of the single gap module is connected with the PE-pole pin of the N-PE surge protector submodule through the second energy storage separation mechanism.

3. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 2, wherein: the L-N surge protector submodule and the N-PE surge protector submodule are adjacently arranged in a row, three L pole pins and three N pole pins are arranged in a row, and the PE pole pins are arranged in another row and are respectively led out from two sides of the base.

4. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 2, wherein: the multilayer gap component module comprises a multi-gap device, a first circuit board and n-1 capacitors; the multi-gap device is provided with N layers of gaps, a first terminal and a second terminal are respectively arranged at two ends of the multi-gap device, the second terminal is an N-pole terminal, and a trigger terminal is arranged in each gap, so that N-1 trigger terminals are provided; the second terminal and the n-1 trigger terminals are fixed on the first circuit board through welding, and meanwhile the n-1 trigger terminals are respectively and electrically connected with the second terminal through 1 capacitor to form n-1 loops.

5. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 4, wherein: the second terminals of the multi-layer gap assembly modules of the three L-N surge protector sub-modules are connected to the N-pole pin by a bus bar.

6. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 4, wherein: the first energy storage separation mechanism comprises a first elastic sheet, a first sliding block and two first pressure springs; one end of the first elastic sheet is used as the L-pole pin which is externally connected, and the other end of the first elastic sheet is connected with the first terminal of the multilayer gap component module through fusible alloy; the first pressure spring and the first slider are assembled on the first fixed frame through a first sliding mechanism provided on the first fixed frame, the first sliding mechanism being configured to: when the fusible alloy is melted, the first sliding block moves under the action of the first pressure spring to separate the electric connection between the first elastic sheet and the first terminal.

7. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 2, wherein: the second energy storage separation mechanism comprises a second elastic sheet, a second sliding block and two second pressure springs, one end of the single gap module is connected with the N-pole pin, the other end of the single gap module is connected with one end of the second elastic sheet through fusible alloy welding, and the other end of the second elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the PE-pole pin; the second pressure spring and the second slider are assembled on the second fixed frame through a second sliding mechanism arranged on the second fixed frame, and the second sliding mechanism is used for realizing that: when the fusible alloy is melted, the second sliding block moves under the action of the second pressure spring to separate the electric connection between the second elastic sheet and the single gap module.

8. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 7, wherein: the single gap module is a gas discharge tube.

9. An on-board three-phase surge protector as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein: the fusible alloy is a fusible alloy with the melting point of 150-250 ℃.

10. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 1, wherein: the remote signaling module comprises four touch switches, circuits of the four touch switches are connected in series and led out from a remote signaling pin; the four touch switches respectively correspond to the three L-N surge protector submodules and the N-PE surge protector submodule.

11. An on-board three-phase surge protector as defined in claim 10, wherein: the remote signaling module further comprises a second circuit board and a third circuit board, three touch switches are arranged on the second circuit board, the three touch switches on the second circuit board correspond to the three L-N surge protector sub-modules respectively, one touch switch and the remote signaling pin are arranged on the third circuit board, the touch switch on the third circuit board corresponds to the N-PE surge protector sub-module, and the second circuit board is connected with the third circuit board through a lead.

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