CN211885827U - Waste gas treatment system for disassembling waste lithium battery - Google Patents
Waste gas treatment system for disassembling waste lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN211885827U CN211885827U CN201922149643.3U CN201922149643U CN211885827U CN 211885827 U CN211885827 U CN 211885827U CN 201922149643 U CN201922149643 U CN 201922149643U CN 211885827 U CN211885827 U CN 211885827U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a waste gas treatment system is disassembled to useless lithium cell, this system includes: the system comprises a cloth bag dust removal device, a three-stage washing device and RTO heat storage combustion equipment, wherein the input end of the cloth bag dust removal device is used as the system input end and is externally connected with waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas to be treated; the output end of the cloth bag dust removal device is connected with the input end of the three-stage washing device, and the output end of the three-stage washing device is connected with the RTO heat storage combustion equipment. This scheme realizes that greatly reduced energy consumption and reduction waste gas are to treatment facility's corruption when the waste gas is disassembled to the useless lithium cell of effective treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste gas treatment technology, concretely relates to waste lithium cell disassembles processing technology of waste gas.
Background
With the increasing weight of the energy crisis, new energy is rapidly applied and developed. As the demand of lithium batteries is increasing, the amount of waste batteries produced is also increasing. In the process of disassembling and recycling the waste batteries, a large amount of toxic and harmful gas can be generated, and if the waste batteries are not treated and directly discharged, the environment can be seriously polluted, and the health of human beings is influenced. In order to enable the waste battery to be disassembled and recycled, sustainable development is needed, and the problem of waste gas pollution generated in the waste battery disassembling process needs to be solved urgently.
Prior art solutions
During the disassembly process of the waste battery, a large amount of dust, phosphorus pentafluoride, lithium fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, ethylene carbonate and other VOCs components are generated. At present, the technology for treating waste gas generated by disassembling waste lithium batteries is less, and the existing technology is mostly a thermal oxidation process (TO) technology. However, the use of Thermal Oxidation (TO) has a significant disadvantage in that fuel consumption is excessive during operation. The concentration of 1 ten thousand air volume VOCs is 3000mg/m3The waste gas generated by disassembling the waste lithium battery consumes about 190Nm of natural gas3And/h, contract 646 yuan/h, and the natural gas consumption cost per year is 4,651,200 yuan/year. Meanwhile, because the waste gas contains hydrogen fluoride, the corrosion TO the TO furnace body is strong under the high-temperature reaction condition of 1100 ℃, the service life of equipment is influenced, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The waste gas treatment scheme with low energy consumption and effective corrosion reduction on treatment equipment is needed to solve the problems of overlarge fuel consumption, energy waste, high equipment corrosion and influence on the service life of the equipment in the existing waste lithium battery waste gas disassembly scheme.
Therefore, an object of the utility model is to provide a waste lithium cell disassembles waste gas treatment system realizes effectively handling waste lithium cell and disassembles when waste gas, greatly reduced energy consumption and the corruption of reduction waste gas to treatment facility.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a waste gas treatment system is disassembled to useless lithium cell, include: the system comprises a cloth bag dust removal device, a three-stage washing device and RTO heat storage combustion equipment, wherein the input end of the cloth bag dust removal device is used as the system input end and is externally connected with waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas to be treated; the output end of the cloth bag dust removal device is connected with the input end of the three-stage washing device, and the output end of the three-stage washing device is connected with the RTO heat storage combustion equipment.
Further, at least one stage of the three-stage washing device is washed by Ca (OH)2As a washing liquid, corrosive components in the exhaust gas are removed through a displacement reaction.
Further, the third-stage washing device comprises a first-stage washing tower, a second-stage washing tower and a third-stage washing tower which are connected in series in sequence, wherein the first-stage washing tower and the second-stage washing tower respectively adopt Ca (OH)2The solution is used as a washing liquid, and the third-stage washing tower is washed by water.
Further, a sewage sedimentation tank is arranged in the third-stage washing device, the sewage sedimentation tank receives sewage generated by a washing tower in the third-stage washing device, and quicklime CaO is added into the sewage sedimentation tank to generate micro-saturated Ca (OH)2And mixing with saturated Ca (OH)2And the supernatant is recycled to the primary washing tower and/or the secondary washing tower.
Further, the RTO heat storage combustion equipment generates high temperature of more than or equal to 760 ℃, so that the entering waste gas is subjected to oxidation reaction under the high temperature condition to generate CO2And H2O。
Furthermore, heat storage ceramics are arranged in the RTO heat storage combustion equipment.
Further, the inlet of the RTO regenerative combustion device is provided with a mechanical flame arrester.
Further, the RTO regenerative combustion device is provided with a high-temperature heat bypass.
The utility model provides a scheme has following advantage for prior art:
(1) the new process is adopted to treat the waste gas generated by disassembling the waste lithium battery, so that the corrosivity of fluoride to the RTO heat storage combustion equipment is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
(2) Using Ca (OH)2The washing process realizes the recycling of the washing liquid through the sewage sedimentation tank, achieves the zero discharge of sewage, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
(3) The waste gas generated by disassembling the waste lithium battery is combusted by adopting the RTO heat storage combustion equipment, the heat recovery efficiency is up to 95 percent, and when the system operates normally, natural gas is not consumed basically, so that the operation cost is reduced, the purification efficiency is high, and the energy is saved and the consumption is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses the example of the composition of waste gas treatment system is disassembled to useless lithium cell in the example picture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand and understand, the present invention is further explained by combining with the specific drawings.
The embodiment provides a brand-new treatment method for waste lithium battery dismantling gas, which abandons a thermal oxidation method (TO), and innovatively adopts a three-step method of firstly removing dust by a cloth bag → secondly washing in three stages → thirdly burning by RTO heat storage TO efficiently treat the waste lithium battery dismantling gas. Particulate matters in the waste gas are removed through cloth bag dust removal, and then the waste gas is subjected to three-stage washing and chemical reaction to remove corrosive components such as hydrogen fluoride, lithium fluoride, phosphorus pentafluoride and the like in the waste gas, so that the corrosivity of the waste gas to combustion equipment is reduced; and finally, carrying out RTO heat storage combustion process to purify the waste gas. In the whole waste gas treatment process, the natural gas is not consumed basically, the operation cost is greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction are effectively realized.
Referring to fig. 1, there is shown a composition example of the waste lithium battery dismantling exhaust gas treatment system given in the present example. This waste lithium cell is disassembled waste gas treatment system can come high-efficient processing waste lithium cell to disassemble waste gas based on foretell three-step method.
As can be seen from the figure, the waste gas treatment system 100 for dismantling the waste lithium battery is mainly formed by the mutual cooperation of the cloth bag dust removal device 110, the third-stage washing device 120 and the RTO heat storage combustion device 130 in the composition structure.
Wherein, sack dust collector 110 is used for the waste gas of dismantling of the waste lithium cell of treating to remove dust and handle.
The bag-type dust collector 110 is preferably formed by a bag-type dust collector, and can effectively remove particles in the waste gas and prevent the particles from blocking nozzles of the washing tower in the third-stage washing device 120 and RTO internal heat storage ceramic in the RTO heat storage combustion device 130.
The input end of the cloth bag dust removing device 110 is used as the system input end, waste gas is disassembled from a waste lithium battery to be treated in an external mode, and meanwhile the output end of the cloth bag dust removing device 110 is connected with the input end of the three-stage washing device 120 so that the waste gas subjected to cloth bag dust removal can be sent into the three-stage washing device 120.
The third washing device 120 in the present system is specifically Ca (OH)2As a cleaning solution, corrosive components such as hydrogen fluoride, lithium fluoride, phosphorus pentafluoride and the like in the exhaust gas are removed through a displacement reaction, so that the corrosiveness of the exhaust gas on combustion equipment is reduced.
As shown in the figure, the third-stage washing device 120 in this embodiment is specifically composed of a first-stage washing tower 121, a second-stage washing tower 122 and a third-stage washing tower 123 which are sequentially connected in series.
Here, the input end of the primary washing tower 121 is connected to the output end of the bag-type dust collector 110, and the output end of the primary washing tower 121 is connected to the input end of the secondary washing tower 122. The first washing tower 121 is made of Ca (OH)2As a washing solution, Ca (OH) was passed2With HF, LiF, PF in the exhaust gas5The substances are subjected to a displacement reaction to generate CaF2、P(OH)5、P(OH)3And (3) removing corrosive components in the waste gas by using the precipitate, and preventing fluoride from entering into the RTO to corrode equipment under a high-temperature condition.
The output of the secondary scrubber 122 is connected to the input of the tertiary scrubber 123. A corresponding relay fan 124 may be disposed between the secondary scrubber 122 and the tertiary scrubber 123 as needed to assist the exhaust gas subjected to the secondary scrubbing treatment to enter the tertiary scrubber 123.
The secondary scrubber 122 also employs Ca (OH)2As a scrubbing liquid, thereby further removing corrosive components from the exhaust gas.
The output end of the third stage washing tower 123 is connected and conducted with the input end of the RTO heat accumulation combustion device 130. A corresponding fan 140 may be provided between the three-stage washing tower 123 and the RTO heat-accumulating combustion apparatus 130 as necessary to assist the exhaust gas subjected to the three-stage washing process to enter the RTO heat-accumulating combustion apparatus 130.
The third-stage washing tower 123 adopts water washing to remove possible entrained sediment in the waste gas, and prevents the sediment from entering the RTO heat storage combustion equipment 130 to block heat storage ceramic.
When the thus constructed three-stage washing device 120 is operated, the spray systems in the first-stage washing tower 121 and the second-stage washing tower 122 are preferably special large-diameter nozzles to prevent the sediment from blocking the nozzles.
On the basis, in the present embodiment, a sewage settling tank 125 is configured in the third-stage washing device 120, and is used for cooperating with the first-stage washing tower 121, the second-stage washing tower 122, and the third-stage washing tower 123 to form a water resource recycling bypass system, so as to collect and precipitate the sewage generated in the first-stage washing tower 121, the second-stage washing tower 122, and the third-stage washing tower 123, perform a reaction to form a saturated ca (oh)2 solution, and then circulate the supernatant containing saturated ca (oh)2 into the first-stage washing tower 121 and the second-stage washing tower 122, thereby realizing recycling.
For example, the sewage settling tank 125 is communicated with the sewage discharging ends of the first-stage washing tower 121, the second-stage washing tower 122 and the third-stage washing tower 123, and collects the sewage generated by the washing processes of the first-stage washing tower 121, the second-stage washing tower 122 and the third-stage washing tower 123, so that CaF in the sewage is generated2、P(OH)5、P(OH)3Precipitating the precipitate in a precipitation tank; at that time, CaO in the sewage is added into the sewage sedimentation tank 125 and dissolved by stirring to generate slightly saturated Ca (OH)2The solution accelerates the precipitation of the precipitate and prevents the precipitate from generating a reversible reaction; then, the sewage sedimentation tank contains saturated Ca (OH)2The supernatant circularly enters a first-stage washing tower and a second-stage washing tower, so that the cyclic utilization of water resources is realized, and the zero discharge of sewage is realized.
The waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas washed by the tertiary washing device 120 with the above structure will mainly contain the VOCs components from which fluorides are removed. The waste gas with the components enters the RTO heat storage combustion equipment 130 for RTO heat storage combustion, the RTO heat storage combustion equipment 130 generates high temperature more than or equal to 760 ℃ in the furnace, so that VOCs components such as ethylene carbonate and the like in the waste gas are subjected to oxidation reaction under the high temperature condition more than or equal to 760 ℃ to generate CO2And H2O, exhaust gas purification treatment is completed, andthe purified tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged.
The RTO heat storage combustion equipment 130 is internally provided with the heat storage ceramic, so that the heat recovery efficiency can reach more than 95%, the energy consumption is saved, and the consumption of natural gas is reduced.
In addition, the RTO heat accumulation combustion equipment 130 is provided with a mechanical flame arrester 131 at the inlet, so that the furnace body pressure fluctuation is prevented from generating backfire, and safety accidents are avoided.
Further, the RTO heat accumulation combustion equipment 130 is also provided with a high-temperature heat bypass 132, when the temperature in the furnace is too high and exceeds an alarm set value, the high-temperature bypass valve is automatically opened to discharge the too high temperature, so that the stability of the furnace body is prevented from being influenced by the too high temperature in the furnace.
The waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas treatment system 100 formed by the method adopts Ca (OH)2As a cleaning solution, removing corrosive components such as hydrogen fluoride, lithium fluoride, phosphorus pentafluoride and the like in the waste gas through a displacement reaction, and reducing the corrosivity of the waste gas on combustion equipment; the waste gas with corrosive components removed by the washing process is subjected to RTO heat storage combustion, so that VOCs components such as ethylene carbonate and the like in the waste gas are subjected to oxidation reaction at high temperature (more than or equal to 760 ℃) to generate CO2And H2O。
Meanwhile, when the whole system operates normally, natural gas is not consumed basically, the temperature released by burning organic matters in the waste gas can maintain the temperature of the furnace body, the operation cost is reduced, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. Waste gas treatment system is disassembled to useless lithium cell, its characterized in that includes: the system comprises a cloth bag dust removal device, a three-stage washing device and RTO heat storage combustion equipment, wherein the input end of the cloth bag dust removal device is used as the system input end and is externally connected with waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas to be treated; the output end of the cloth bag dust removal device is connected with the input end of the three-stage washing device, and the output end of the three-stage washing device is connected with the RTO heat storage combustion equipment.
2. The system for treating waste gas generated by dismantling the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one stage of said tertiary washing device is washed with Ca (OH)2As a washing liquid, corrosive components in the exhaust gas are removed through a displacement reaction.
3. The system for treating waste gas generated by dismantling the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tertiary washing device comprises a primary washing tower, a secondary washing tower and a tertiary washing tower connected in series, the primary washing tower and the secondary washing tower respectively adopt Ca (OH)2The solution is used as a washing liquid, and the three-stage washing tower adopts water washing.
4. The system for treating waste gas generated by dismantling the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the third washing device is provided with a sewage settling tank, the sewage settling tank receives sewage generated by the washing tower in the third washing device, and CaO in the sewage settling tank is added to generate micro-saturated Ca (OH)2And mixing with saturated Ca (OH)2And the supernatant is recycled to the primary washing tower and/or the secondary washing tower.
5. The system for treating waste gas generated by dismantling the waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the RTO regenerative combustion device generates a high temperature of 760 ℃ or higher, so that the entering waste gas is oxidized at a high temperature to generate CO2And H2O。
6. The system for treating waste gas generated by disassembling a waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heat-accumulating ceramic is disposed in the RTO heat-accumulating combustion device.
7. The system for treating waste gas generated by disassembling a waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet of the RTO regenerative thermal combustion apparatus is provided with a mechanical flame arrester.
8. The system for treating waste gas generated by disassembling a waste lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the RTO regenerative thermal combustion device is provided with a high-temperature thermal bypass.
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| CN201922149643.3U CN211885827U (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Waste gas treatment system for disassembling waste lithium battery |
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| CN201922149643.3U CN211885827U (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Waste gas treatment system for disassembling waste lithium battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110787547A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-14 | 上海安居乐环保科技股份有限公司 | Waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas treatment system and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110787547A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-14 | 上海安居乐环保科技股份有限公司 | Waste lithium battery dismantling waste gas treatment system and method |
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