CN211813589U - Device for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater - Google Patents
Device for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device that continuous type deep purification handled contains thallium industrial waste water, including electrolysis trough, a plurality of negative pole that sets up side by side and a plurality of positive pole that sets up side by side, the electrolysis trough include four sides, go up bottom surface and bottom surface down, negative pole fixed connection on last bottom surface, positive pole fixed connection under on the bottom surface, last bottom surface be provided with first terminal, lower bottom surface on be provided with the second terminal, first terminal be connected with the negative pole of power, the second terminal be connected with the positive pole of power. The utility model discloses a device is behind the switch on waste water from electrolysis trough top inflow, and upper and lower circulation flows, fully contacts with every inslot working electrode, under the external electric field drive, during thallium in the waste water is embedded into the negative pole, the continuity of operation stage, and a plurality of electrolysis trough concatenations can handle the high concentration waste water that contains thallium to realize deep purification, the utility model discloses a device compact structure can a plurality of combination uses.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste water treatment, concretely relates to continuous type advanced purification treatment contains device of thallium industrial waste water.
Background
Thallium is a typical rare dispersed metal, and the abundance of the upper land shell element is only 7.5X 10-7. Thallium is hardly mineralized independently as an associated element, and is present in nature in a form mainly associated with sulfide ores of metals such as lead, zinc, iron, copper and the like, so that thallium pollution is often generated in the smelting process of the metals. As a highly toxic heavy metal pollutant, the toxicity of metal thallium and compounds thereof is far greater than that of arsenic, chromium, cadmium and lead. Thallium is used as a rodenticide, and an agent for treating tinea capitis, because of its high toxicity. However, with the further understanding of thallium toxicity, especially its mammalian hazard, world countries are increasingly avoiding thallium use and providing further environmental control.
In recent years, thallium pollution in sewage discharge is also emphasized gradually in various parts of China due to the occurrence of thallium pollution events and the improvement of people's understanding on environmental protection. For example, the limit of thallium pollutant emission is 0.005mg/L as specified by the local standard (DB 43/968-.
Thallium emission enterprises mainly refer to industries such as non-ferrous metal mining and smelting, ferrous metal mining and selecting, steel smelting, sulfate, waste metal recovery and the like. According to survey in the compilation and explanation of thallium pollutant emission standard in industrial wastewater of Guangdong province, the thallium concentration of the industrial wastewater is 0.00002-2.6 mg/L, and the product average value is 0.059 mg/L. According to the calculation of 181.6 hundred million tons of industrial wastewater discharge in 2017, the total discharge capacity in thallium industrial wastewater in China is about 1071 tons. Therefore, the thallium emission and the environmental protection standard in China still have large gap.
At present, methods for treating thallium mainly include a chemical precipitation method, a coagulation method, an adsorption method, an ion exchange method, a neutralization method and the like. Because the thallium concentration in the wastewater is extremely low and is influenced by other metal ions, the ion exchange and adsorption methods have poor thallium selectivity, and the precipitation method has poor selectivity, so that a large amount of reagent is needed to remove thallium in the wastewater, and a large amount of thallium-containing solid waste is generated.
Chinese patent CN105692764B adds 2g of manganese ore powder into 1L of lead-zinc smelting wastewater containing 72.00mg of thallium, and the thallium removal rate reaches 99.4% after precipitation; chinese patent CN105540921B adds 20ml flocculating agent (sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, polymeric ferric sulfate, polystyrene sodium sulfonate mass ratio is 3.2: 1.8: 4.5: 0.5) to 500ml waste water containing thallium after ozone oxidation of 4.5mg/L for treatment; chinese patent CN106082502A considers that thallium is difficult to deeply remove by only adopting Prussian blue, and ferric trichloride flocculant is required to be added for precipitation, in the embodiment, 20ml of 10% sodium sulfite and Prussian blue, ferric trichloride and other reagents are added into wastewater containing 45 mu g/L of thallium, so that 98% of thallium removal rate is realized; according to example 2 of chinese patent CN108395025A, 56.4 mg thallium can be removed from the solution for every 106.7 g iron consumed. Even if the iron hydroxide produced was calculated on a dry basis, the thallium content in the flocs was only 0.028%. As can be seen from the above patents, the current treatment of thallium in wastewater not only requires a large amount of reagent, but also produces a large amount of precipitate or slag containing thallium, and thallium is not effectively recovered.
Therefore, in the methods for processing thallium in the prior art, a large amount of reagents are added, so that a large amount of hazardous waste is generated, environmental pollution is generated, and therefore, the hazardous waste needs to be processed. Thallium is an important rare metal, has important application in the fields of alloy, catalysis, chemical engineering, medicine, electronics and the like, can effectively recover, not only avoids the generation of a large amount of hazardous wastes, but also can change the harm into treasure, and is used for national economy.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a continuous type deep purification handles device that contains thallium industrial waste water, the utility model discloses a plurality of electrolysis trough concatenations can handle the high concentration of containing thallium waste water in the device to realize deep purification, the utility model discloses a device compact structure can a plurality of combination uses.
The first purpose of the utility model is to provide a method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater, which comprises the following steps: placing a plurality of working electrodes coated with Prussian blue, a conductive material, a bonding material and a pore-forming agent in an electrolytic tank containing thallium industrial wastewater to serve as cathodes, arranging the cathodes in parallel, arranging an anode between every two adjacent cathodes, arranging the cathodes and the anodes in pairs, allowing the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank, sequentially passing through each cathode and each anode, and flowing out from the other corresponding side of the electrolytic tank under the action of an external electric field, embedding thallium in the thallium industrial wastewater into the cathodes to form working electrodes containing the Prussian blue, and further removing thallium in the industrial wastewater.
The external electric field is connected, the thallium-containing industrial wastewater flows in from the top of the electrolytic cell, flows in an up-and-down circulating manner and fully contacts each cathode, thallium in the wastewater is embedded into the cathodes under the driving of the external electric field, most thallium in the wastewater is removed by the front-stage stepped electrolytic cell in a continuous operation stage, thallium in the front-stage wastewater is deeply purified by the rear-stage stepped electrolytic cell, and the thallium-containing industrial wastewater with extremely high concentration can be treated by the plurality of electrolytic cells in series, so that deep purification is realized.
Further, the mass ratio of the Prussian blue to the conductive material to the binding material is 85-95:1-15:1-5, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the Prussian blue to the conductive material to the binding material to the pore-forming agent is 100: 10-50.
Further, the chemical formula of the Prussian blue is KxFeyMez(CN)6Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2, y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2, z is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2, the valence state of Fe is +2 or +3, and Me is Cr, Ti, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu or Zn.
Further, the chemical formula of the Prussian blue is FeFe (CN)6、KFeFe(CN)6Or KFeNi (CN)6。
Further, the pore-forming agent is one or more of soluble sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt and ammonium salt.
Further, the sodium salt is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate or sodium nitrate, the potassium salt is potassium chloride, potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate, the magnesium salt is magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate or magnesium nitrate, and the amine salt is ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate.
The pore-forming agent is selected to be soluble salt, when the working electrode coated with the pore-forming agent is placed in the electrolyte, the soluble salt is separated from the electrode and is dissolved in the electrolyte, so that a plurality of pores are formed on the working electrode, and due to the fact that the content of thallium in wastewater is reduced, the surface area of the electrode can be increased after pore-forming, the diffusion speed of the solution to the interior of the electrode is greatly increased, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the conductive material is carbon fiber, metal foam, a metal plate or a metal sheet, and the bonding material is polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinyl chloride.
Further, the anode is a graphite plate or a titanium plate.
Further, the thallium-containing industrial wastewater contains thallium ions, sodium ions, zinc ions, cadmium ions and chloride ions.
Further, thallium in the thallium-containing industrial wastewater exists in the form of at least one of thallium sulfate, thallium nitrate and thallium chloride.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: placing the working electrode containing the thallium Prussian blue into electrolyte for electrolysis, removing thallium from Prussian blue molecular vacancies, releasing the thallium into the electrolyte to obtain a thallium-rich solution, and realizing thallium recovery;
the electrolyte contains HSO4-、SO4 2-、Cl-Or NO3-A solution of anions.
Further, a working electrode containing thallium Prussian blue is used as an anode, and a graphite plate, a titanium plate, an aluminum plate or a steel plate is used as a cathode.
Further, the thallium-rich solution is thallium sulfate or thallium nitrate.
The thallium-containing industrial wastewater of the utility model also contains anions and cations of other types such as sodium ions, zinc ions, cadmium ions, chloride ions and the like besides thallium ions. Prussian blue is a coordination compound and has a cage-shaped structure, and the size of the cage-shaped structure can only accommodate potassium ions, thallium ions and ammonium ions, so that the Prussian blue can selectively adsorb thallium ions in wastewater.
Further, the cell voltage in the electrolytic cell is 0.4-1.4V.
The utility model discloses a second purpose, the utility model provides a continuous type deep purification handles device that contains thallium industrial waste water, including electrolysis trough, a plurality of negative pole that sets up side by side and a plurality of positive pole that sets up side by side, the electrolysis trough include four sides, go up bottom surface and lower bottom surface, negative pole fixed connection on last bottom surface, positive pole fixed connection under on the bottom surface, last bottom surface be provided with first terminal, lower bottom surface on be provided with the second terminal, first terminal be connected with the negative pole of power, the second terminal be connected with the positive pole of power.
The cathodes and anodes in the utility model can not contact each other, and the adjacent cathodes and anodes form a small electrolytic tank.
Further, an angle α is formed between the bottom surface and a horizontal plane.
Further, the angle alpha is 5-70 degrees.
Further, the cathode is connected or welded with the upper bottom surface through bolts, and the anode is connected or welded with the lower bottom surface through bolts.
Further, the cathode and the anode are arranged in pairs.
Further, the number of cathodes and anodes is 10 to 30 pairs.
The utility model provides an angle alpha can be set for according to inside fluid flow velocity, the utility model discloses well preferred angle can be so that to get rid of efficiency to the thallium higher under corresponding velocity of flow for 5 ~ 70, and work electrolytic plate quantity carries out corresponding adjustment according to actual waste water treatment volume.
Further, the surface of the cathode is coated with Prussian blue, and the anode is made of an inert conductive material.
The inert conductive material is a graphite plate or a titanium plate.
Further, the mass ratio of the Prussian blue to the conductive material to the binding material is 85-95:1-15:1-5, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the Prussian blue to the conductive material to the binding material to the pore-forming agent is 100: 10-50. Furthermore, a water inlet is arranged at the upper end of the first side surface of the electrolytic cell, and a water outlet is arranged at the upper end of the second side surface opposite to the first side surface.
Furthermore, the height of the first side surface is greater than that of the second side surface, so that the electrolytic tank is arranged on the horizontal plane and is in an inclined state.
When the height of the first side surface is greater than that of the second side surface, one end of the lower bottom surface is connected with the second side panel, and the other end of the lower bottom surface is fixed on the first side surface, so that the lower bottom surface and the upper bottom surface are arranged in parallel.
Further, the height of the anode and the cathode is smaller than that of the electrolytic bath.
Furthermore, the lower bottom surface of the electrolytic cell is fixedly connected with a support frame, so that the electrolytic cell is further fixed on a horizontal plane.
Further, the four side surfaces of the electrolytic cell are made of nonconductive plastic, and the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are made of conductive materials.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
(1) the utility model discloses a method of continuous type deep purification processing contains thallium industrial waste water is based on prussian blue molecule vacancy to the selectivity of thallium ion, realize getting rid of the selectivity of thallium ion in the waste water through electrochemical reduction, at first the preparation coating has prussian blue electrically conductive working electrode piece as the negative pole, link together the negative pole through parallelly connected mode, and constitute the electrolysis trough of continuous gradient in the positive pole of quantity, contain thallium waste water and rely on gravity from the top of electrolysis trough to circulate from top to bottom and flow, fully and the negative pole contact, under the effect of outer electric field, thallium embedding working electrode in the waste water, realize getting rid of thallium. And after thallium is removed, the working electrode is detached and placed in electrolyte for electrolysis, and thallium is removed from the Prussian blue molecular vacancy due to the repulsion of an electric field and released into the solution to obtain a thallium-rich solution, so that thallium recycling can be further realized. Meanwhile, the working electrode realizes regeneration and can return to the device to continuously treat the thallium-containing wastewater; the method of the utility model has deep purification capability for both high-concentration and low-concentration thallium-containing wastewater;
(2) according to the invention, the working electrode is coated with the pore-forming agent, the pore-forming agent is selected from soluble salt, when the working electrode coated with the pore-forming agent is placed in electrolyte, the soluble salt is separated from the electrode and dissolved in the electrolyte, so that a plurality of pores are formed on the working electrolysis, and as the content of thallium in wastewater is reduced, the surface area of the electrode can be increased after pore-forming, the diffusion speed of the solution to the inside of the electrode is greatly increased, and the extraction efficiency is improved;
(3) the utility model discloses a device waste water flows in from the electrolysis trough top behind the switch on, upper and lower circulation flow, with the working electrode of every inslot fully contacts, under external electric field drive, thallium in the waste water is embedded into the negative pole, the continuity of operation stage, cell voltage range 0.4-1.4V, most thallium in the waste water is got rid of to anterior segment stage electrolysis trough, back end ladder electrolysis trough carries out deep purification to the thallium in the waste water of anterior segment, a plurality of electrolysis trough concatenations can handle the high concentration contain thallium waste water to realize deep purification, the utility model discloses a device compact structure can a plurality of combined uses.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for continuous advanced purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the device for continuous advanced purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the device for continuous advanced purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater.
Reference numerals
1. The device comprises a first side face, 11-a water inlet, 2-a second side face, 21-a water outlet, 3-a lower bottom face, 31-an anode, 32-a second binding post, 4-an upper bottom face, 41-a cathode, 42-a first binding post and 5-a support frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps: mixing Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) Mixing carbon fiber and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 90:6:4 to obtain a mixture A, mixing the mixture A with sodium chloride according to a mass ratio of 100:10 to obtain a mixture B, coating 220g of the mixture B on 11 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm, drying, coating 20g of each electrode, connecting 11 electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between adjacent cathodes, coating 11 graphite plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm on the anode, placing the cathode and the anode in an electrolytic tank containing thallium industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the tank voltage of 1.2V, enabling the wastewater to have a flow rate of 5L/min and a thallium concentration of 10mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathode to form a working electrode containing thallium Prussian blue, the thallium content in the purified wastewater is less than 0.002mg/L within 1h, and the removal rate reaches 99.89%.
Example 2
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps: mixing Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) Mixing carbon fiber and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 85:10:5 to obtain a mixture A, mixing the mixture A and potassium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 100:20 to obtain a mixture B, coating 200g of the mixture B on 10 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm, drying, coating 20g of each electrode, connecting 10 electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between adjacent cathodes, wherein the anode comprises 10 graphite plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm, placing the cathode and the anode in an electrolytic cell containing thallium industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic cell and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the cell voltage of 1.4V, enabling the wastewater to have a flow rate of 10L/min and a thallium concentration of 10mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathode to form a working electrode containing thallium prussian blue, the thallium content in the purified wastewater is less than 0.003mg/L within 1h, and the removal rate reaches 99.97%.
Example 3
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps: mixing Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) Mixing carbon fiber and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 88:8:1 to obtain a mixture A, mixing the mixture A with magnesium chloride according to a mass ratio of 100:30 to obtain a mixture B, coating 300g of the mixture B on 15 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 10 x 10cm, drying, coating 20g of each electrode, connecting 15 electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between adjacent cathodes, coating 15 titanium plates with the thickness of 10 x 10cm on the total number of the anodes, placing the cathodes and the anodes in an electrolytic tank containing thallium industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the voltage of 1.0V, enabling the flow rate of the wastewater to be 5L/min and the concentration of thallium to be 40mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathodes to form working electrodes containing thallium Prussian blue, the thallium content in the purified wastewater is less than 0.004mg/L within 1h, and the removal rate reaches 99.99%.
Example 4
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps: mixing Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) Mixing foamed nickel and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 85:10:5 to obtain a mixture A, mixing the mixture A with ammonium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 100:40 to obtain a mixture B, coating 400g of the mixture B on 20 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 10 x 10cm, drying, coating 20g of the mixture B on each electrode, connecting 20g of the electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between the adjacent cathodes, coating 20 titanium plates with the thickness of 10 x 10cm on the anode, placing the cathode and the anode in an electrolytic tank containing thallium-containing industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium-containing industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the voltage of 1.2V, enabling the flow rate of the wastewater to be 5L/min and the concentration of thallium to be 10mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathode to form a working electrode containing thallium Prussian blue, the thallium content in the purified wastewater is less than 0.002mg/L within 1h, and the removal rate reaches 99.98%.
Example 5
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps: mixing Prussian blue (KFeNi (CN))6) And mixing the carbon fiber and the polyvinyl chloride according to a mass ratio of 85:15:5 to obtain a mixture A, and mixing the mixture A with sodium chloride and potassium sulfate (the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium sulfate is 1: 1) mixing according to a mass ratio of 100:50 to obtain a mixture B, coating 220g of the mixture B on 11 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm, drying, coating 20g of each electrode, connecting 11 electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group serving as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between the adjacent cathodes, wherein the number of the anodes is 11, the number of the graphite plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 10cm, placing the cathodes and the anodes in an electrolytic tank containing thallium industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the tank voltage of 0.4V, enabling the flow rate of the wastewater to be 5L/min and the thallium concentration to be 10mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathodes to form working electrodes containing thallium prussian blue, enabling the thallium content in the wastewater to be less than 0.002mg/L after purification within 1h, and enabling the removal rate to be 99.
Example 6
In the method for continuous deep purification treatment of industrial wastewater containing thallium of this embodiment, after thallium removal treatment is performed by the method of embodiment 1, a working electrode containing thallium prussian blue is placed in 50L of 0.01mol sodium nitrate solution, a graphite electrode is used as a cathode, and the working is performed for 0.5h under a cell voltage of 1.2V, the concentration of thallium in the solution is 97.95mg/L, the removal rate of thallium in the electrode plate reaches 98%, and thallium recovery is realized.
Example 7
The method for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater comprises the following steps:
mixing Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) The method comprises the steps of mixing carbon fiber and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 90:6:4 to obtain a mixture A, mixing the mixture A with sodium chloride according to a mass ratio of 100:10 to obtain a mixture B, coating 22000g of the mixture B on 11 carbon fiber plates with the thickness of 100X 100cm, drying, coating 2000g of electrode plates on each electrode, connecting 11 electrode plates in parallel to form a working electrode plate group as a plurality of cathodes, arranging an anode between every two adjacent cathodes, coating 11 graphite plates with the thickness of 100X 100cm on the anode, placing the cathode and the anode in an electrolytic tank containing thallium industrial wastewater, enabling the thallium industrial wastewater to flow in from one side of the electrolytic tank and flow out from the other corresponding side under the action of an external electric field with the voltage of 1.2V, enabling the flow rate of the wastewater to be 500L/min and the concentration of thallium to be 10mg/L, embedding thallium in the wastewater on the cathode to form a working electrode containing thallium Prussian blue, the thallium content in the purified wastewater is less than 0.002mg/L within 1h, and the removal rate reaches 99.89%.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 1-3, in the device for continuous deep purification treatment of industrial wastewater containing thallium of the present embodiment, the method shown in embodiment 1 adopts the device of the present embodiment to remove thallium, the device comprises an electrolytic cell, a plurality of cathodes 41 arranged in parallel and a plurality of anodes 31 arranged in parallel, the electrolytic cell comprises four side surfaces, an upper bottom surface 4 and a lower bottom surface 3, the cathodes 41 are fixedly connected to the upper bottom surface 4, the anodes 31 are fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface 3, the upper bottom surface 4 is provided with a first terminal 42, the lower bottom surface 3 is provided with a second terminal 32, the first terminal 42 is connected to a negative electrode of a power supply, and the second terminal 31 is connected to a positive electrode of the power supply.
Further, an angle a is formed between the bottom surface 3 and a horizontal plane, the angle a is 5 ° to 70 °, the angle a is 30 ° in this embodiment, the flow rate of the wastewater in the electrolytic cell may be controlled, the number of the cathodes 41 and the anodes 31 in this embodiment is 11, and the number of the cathodes 41 and the anodes 31 may be adjusted according to the treatment capacity of the wastewater and the removal rate of thallium in the actual wastewater treatment process.
The cathodes 41 are welded with the upper bottom surface 4, the anodes 31 are welded with the lower bottom surface 3, the number of the cathodes 41 is the same as that of the anodes 31, the cathodes 41 are arranged in pairs, and the cathodes 41 are made of Prussian blue (FeFe (CN))6) The carbon fiber and the polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed and coated according to the mass ratio of 90:6:4, 220g of mixture is coated on 11 carbon fiber plates with the length of 10 x 10cm and dried, 20g of electrode plates are coated on each electrode 41, 11 electrode plates are connected in parallel to form a working electrode plate group serving as a plurality of cathodes 41, an anode 31 is arranged between every two adjacent cathodes 41, the number of the anodes 31 is 11 graphite plates with the length of 10 x 10cm, and the anodes 31 are arranged in parallel.
The upper end of the first side surface 1 of the electrolytic cell is provided with a water inlet 11, and the upper end of the second side surface 2 which is opposite to the water inlet is provided with a water outlet 21. The thallium-containing industrial wastewater flows in from the water inlet 11, sequentially passes through the cathode 41 and the anode 31, and circularly flows up and down, each cathode 41 and the anode 31 form a small electrolytic tank, the wastewater is fully contacted with the cathode 41 and the anode 31 in the tanks, thallium in the wastewater is embedded into the cathode 41 under the drive of an external electric field, the continuous operation stage is carried out, the tank voltage is 0.4-1.4V, most thallium in the wastewater is removed by the front-stage stepped electrolytic tank, thallium in the front-stage wastewater is deeply purified by the rear-stage stepped electrolytic tank, a plurality of electrolytic tanks can be connected in series to treat the thallium-containing wastewater with extremely high concentration, and deep purification is realized.
In a further scheme, the electrolytic cell is fixedly arranged with a horizontal plane through a support frame 5, so that the electrolytic cell is in an inclined state, and the flow rate of the wastewater is controlled.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, when the height of the first side surface 1 is greater than that of the second side surface 2, the electrolytic cell is placed in a horizontal inclined state. When the height of the first side surface 1 is greater than that of the second side surface 2, one end of the lower bottom surface 3 is connected with the second side surface plate 2, and the other end is fixed on the first side surface 1, so that the lower bottom surface 3 and the upper bottom surface 4 are arranged in parallel. The height of both the anode 31 and the cathode 41 is less than the height of the cell.
In a further method, the four sides of the cell are made of non-conductive plastic and the top and bottom surfaces are made of conductive material so that the cell is connected to a power source through the first and second terminals 42, 32. The electrolytic cell forms a closed circuit and the cathode 41 and anode 31 operate normally.
Comparative example 1
The method for continuously and deeply purifying and treating the thallium-containing industrial wastewater in the comparative example is the same as that in example 1, except that no pore-forming agent is added, and the removal rate of thallium after treatment is 94.12%, so that the thallium removal efficiency can be obviously improved after the pore-forming agent is added.
The applicant has also carried out the above tests on other examples, with substantially identical results, which are not listed any more due to the limited space.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The device for continuously and deeply purifying and treating thallium-containing industrial wastewater is characterized by comprising an electrolytic cell, a plurality of cathodes arranged in parallel and a plurality of anodes arranged in parallel, wherein the electrolytic cell comprises four side surfaces, an upper bottom surface and a lower bottom surface, the cathodes are fixedly connected to the upper bottom surface, the anodes are fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface, a first wiring terminal is arranged on the upper bottom surface, a second wiring terminal is arranged on the lower bottom surface, the first wiring terminal is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply, and the second wiring terminal is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply.
2. The continuous advanced purification device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater of claim 1, wherein an angle α is formed between the bottom surface and a horizontal plane.
3. The device for continuous deep purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater according to claim 2, wherein the angle a is 5 ° to 70 °.
4. The continuous advanced purification device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cathode is bolted or welded to the upper bottom surface, and the anode is bolted or welded to the lower bottom surface.
5. The continuous advanced purification treatment device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater of claim 1, wherein the cathode and the anode are provided in pair.
6. The continuous advanced purification treatment device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of cathodes and anodes is 10-30 pairs.
7. The continuous advanced purification device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the cathode is coated with Prussian blue on its surface, and the anode is made of inert conductive material.
8. The continuous advanced purification device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water inlet is provided at an upper end of a first side of the electrolytic cell, and a water outlet is provided at an upper end of a second side opposite to the first side.
9. The apparatus for continuous advanced purification treatment of thallium-containing industrial wastewater of claim 8, wherein four side surfaces of the electrolytic cell are made of nonconductive plastic, and the upper and lower bottom surfaces are made of conductive material.
10. The continuous advanced purification device for thallium-containing industrial wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein a support frame is fixedly connected to the lower bottom surface of the electrolytic cell, so that the electrolytic cell is further fixed on a horizontal surface.
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