CN211791276U - Cascaded step-down DC-DC converter - Google Patents
Cascaded step-down DC-DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN211791276U CN211791276U CN201821850717.5U CN201821850717U CN211791276U CN 211791276 U CN211791276 U CN 211791276U CN 201821850717 U CN201821850717 U CN 201821850717U CN 211791276 U CN211791276 U CN 211791276U
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Abstract
A cascaded buck DC-DC converter comprises a capacitor energy storage module 1 to a capacitor energy storage module N, an inductor L1 to an inductor Ln +1 and a capacitor Co, wherein a capacitor energy storage module j comprises a diode Dj _1, a capacitor Cj _1, a diode Dj _2 and an electronic switch Sj, the electronic switch Sj comprises a diode Dj _3, an N-type MOS tube Mj _1 and a controller j, and the value range of j is 1 to N. The utility model discloses has following operating characteristic: the circuit has the advantages of simple structure, easy expansion, various applicable control methods, high efficiency, continuous input and output currents, common output and input voltages and consistent polarity, and the output voltage Vo is less than or equal to the direct-current power supply voltage Vi.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a direct current-direct current (DC-DC) converter, especially an input and output current all are continuous and input and output voltage homopolar cascaded step-down type DC-DC converter can establish the direct current electrical power generating system of many inputs and many outputs as the basic unit of high step-down ratio, if: the system comprises a direct current power supply module parallel system, an LED array driving system, a distributed photovoltaic power generation system and the like.
Background
The existing basic DC-DC converter with the step-down function includes a Buck converter, a Buck-Boost converter, a Cuk converter, a Sepic converter, and a Zeta converter. As listed in table 1, none of the 5 basic DC-DC converters with step-down function described above satisfies the requirement of "input and output currents are continuous and input and output voltages are of the same polarity" without considering the output capacitance.
TABLE 1
Cascading is a common means to achieve high voltage reduction ratios. When the basic DC-DC converter is adopted for cascade connection, only the combination of Speic and Buck, or the combination of Speic and Zeta, or the combination of Cuk and Cuk can meet the requirement that the input current and the output current are continuous and the input voltage and the output voltage are the same in polarity. However, the combination of Speic and Buck and the combination of Speic and Zeta have a problem of current discontinuity, while the combination of Cuk and Cuk has a problem of non-common input and output.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a cascaded Buck DC-DC converter, can realize that interstage electric current still is continuous and input and output are earthed to this extension DC-DC converter's cascade type.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:
a cascaded buck DC-DC converter comprises a capacitor energy storage module 1 to a capacitor energy storage module n, an inductor L1 to an inductor Ln +1 and a capacitor Co, wherein the capacitor energy storage module j is provided with a port Vij +, a port Voj + and a port Gndj, one end of an inductor L1 is connected with the positive end of a direct-current power supply Vi, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a port Vi1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1, a port Vo1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a port Vi2+ of the capacitor energy storage module 2, and so on, the other end of the inductor Ln is connected with a port Vin + of the capacitor energy storage module n, a port Von + of the capacitor energy storage module n is connected with one end of the inductor Ln +1, the other end of the inductor Ln +1 is simultaneously connected with one end of the capacitor Co and one end of a load Z, and, The port Gndj of the capacitor energy storage module j is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply Vi, the value range of j is 1-n, the capacitor energy storage module j comprises a diode Dj _1, a capacitor Cj _1, a diode Dj _2 and an electronic switch Sj, the electronic switch Sj is provided with a port aj and a port bj, one end of the capacitor Cj _1 is simultaneously connected with a port Vij + of the capacitor energy storage module j and a port aj of the electronic switch Sj, the other end of the capacitor Cj _1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode Dj _1 and the cathode of the diode Dj _2, the cathode of the diode Dj _1 is simultaneously connected with a port Voj + of the capacitor energy storage module j and a port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and the anode of the diode Dj _2 is connected with the port Gndj of the capacitor energy storage module j.
The utility model discloses in, when electronic switch S1 ends, diode D1_1 switches on, and DC power supply Vi, inductance L1, electric capacity C1_1, diode D1_1, inductance L2 and electric capacity energy storage module 2 constitute a return circuit, and diode D1_2, diode D1_1, inductance L2 and electric capacity energy storage module 2 constitute another return circuit.
When the electronic switch S1 is turned on, the diode D1_1 is turned off, the dc power source Vi, the inductor L1, the electronic switch S1, the inductor L2, and the energy storage capacitor module 2 form a loop, and the diode D1_2, the capacitor C1_1, the electronic switch S1, the inductor L2, and the energy storage capacitor module 2 form another loop.
By analogy, when the electronic switch Sn is turned off, the diode Dn _1 is turned on, the capacitor energy storage module n-1, the inductor Ln, the capacitor Cn _1, the diode Dn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form a loop, and the diode Dn _2, the diode Dn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form another loop.
When the electronic switch Sn is conducted, the diode Dn _1 is cut off, the capacitor energy storage module n-1, the inductor Ln, the electronic switch Sn, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form a loop, and the diode Dn _2, the capacitor Cn _1, the electronic switch Sn, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form another loop.
Further, the electronic switch Sj is an electronic switch that is turned on in a unidirectional manner, that is, when the electronic switch Sj is turned on, a current flows into the port aj and flows out from the port bj. This preference is to prevent current backflow.
Still further, the electronic switch Sj includes a diode Dj _3, an N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 and a controller j, the controller j has a port vgj, an anode of the diode Dj _3 is connected to a port aj of the electronic switch Sj, a cathode of the diode Dj _3 is connected to a drain of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1, a source of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 is connected to a port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and a gate of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 is connected to the port vgj of the controller j.
And the controller j determines the working state of the N-type MOS tube Mj _1, and the controller j adopts a power supply control chip.
Further, the phases of the output signals vgs1 to vgsn of the controllers 1 to n are sequentially delayed by a set angle θ, which is in the range of 0 to 2 π.
The technical conception of the utility model is as follows: n +1 inductors are adopted to cascade n capacitance energy storage modules, so that high voltage reduction ratio and high-efficiency voltage reduction conversion are realized, and continuous input current, continuous interstage current, continuous output current, common input and output ground and unchanged output voltage polarity are realized.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the cascaded buck DC-DC converter circuit has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in expansion, various applicable control methods and high efficiency, and has the working characteristics that input current and output current are continuous, output voltage and input voltage are common and consistent in polarity, and output voltage Vo is smaller than or equal to direct-current power supply voltage Vi.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of signals output from the controller 1 to the controller n according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of simulation operation of an embodiment of the present invention under the condition that θ is 0 when n is 3.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the simulation operation of the embodiment of the present invention under the condition of θ 2 pi/3 when n is 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a cascaded buck DC-DC converter includes a capacitor energy storage module 1 to a capacitor energy storage module n, an inductor L1 to an inductor Ln +1 and a capacitor Co, the capacitor energy storage module j has a port Vij +, a port Voj +, and a port Gndj, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to a positive terminal of a DC power source Vi, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to a port Vi1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1, a port Vo1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1 is connected to one end of an inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected to a port Vi2+ of the capacitor energy storage module 2, and so on, the other end of the inductor Ln is connected to a port Vin + of the capacitor energy storage module n, a port Von +1 of the capacitor energy storage module n, the other end of the inductor Ln +1 is connected to one end of the capacitor Co and one end of the load Z, and the other end of the load Z is connected to the other end of the capacitor Co, The port Gndj of the capacitor energy storage module j is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply Vi, the value range of j is 1-n, the capacitor energy storage module j comprises a diode Dj _1, a capacitor Cj _1, a diode Dj _2 and an electronic switch Sj, the electronic switch Sj is provided with a port aj and a port bj, one end of the capacitor Cj _1 is simultaneously connected with a port Vij + of the capacitor energy storage module j and a port aj of the electronic switch Sj, the other end of the capacitor Cj _1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the diode Dj _1 and the cathode of the diode Dj _2, the cathode of the diode Dj _1 is simultaneously connected with a port Voj + of the capacitor energy storage module j and a port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and the anode of the diode Dj _2 is connected with the port Gndj of the capacitor energy storage module j.
Further, in order to prevent the current from flowing backwards, the electronic switch Sj adopts a one-way conductive electronic switch, that is, when the electronic switch Sj is conductive, the current flows in from the port aj and flows out from the port bj.
Still further, the electronic switch Sj includes a diode Dj _3, an N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 and a controller j, the controller j has a port vgj, an anode of the diode Dj _3 is connected to a port aj of the electronic switch Sj, a cathode of the diode Dj _3 is connected to a drain of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1, a source of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 is connected to a port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and a gate of the N-type MOS transistor Mj _1 is connected to the port vgj of the controller j.
The controller j determines the working state of the N-type MOS tube Mj _1, and the controller j adopts a conventional power supply control chip, such as: UC3842 and IR 2110.
Further, the phases of the output signals vgs1 to vgsn of the controllers 1 to n are sequentially delayed by a set angle θ, which is in the range of 0 to 2 π (see FIG. 2).
When an embodiment is in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), its steady state operation includes the following stages.
(1) When the N-type MOS transistor M1_1 is turned off, the diode D1_1 is turned on, the dc power supply Vi, the inductor L1, the capacitor C1_1, the diode D1_1, the inductor L2, and the capacitor energy storage module 2 form a loop, and the diode D1_2, the diode D1_1, the inductor L2, and the capacitor energy storage module 2 form another loop. At this time, C1_1 charges, and the operating state of L2 is related to the operating state of the capacitive energy storage module 2.
(2) When the N-type MOS transistor M1_1 is turned on, the diode D1_1 is turned off, the dc power source Vi, the inductor L1, the diode D1_3, the N-type MOS transistor M1_1, the inductor L2, and the capacitor energy storage module 2 form a loop, and the diode D1_2, the capacitor C1_1, the diode D1_3, the N-type MOS transistor M1_1, the inductor L2, and the capacitor energy storage module 2 form another loop. At this time, C1_1 is discharged, and the operating state of L2 is related to the operating state of the capacitive energy storage module 2.
In analogy, (3) when the N-type MOS transistor Mn _1 is turned off, the diode Dn _1 is turned on, the capacitor energy storage module N-1, the inductor Ln, the capacitor Cn _1, the diode Dn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form a loop, and the diode Dn _2, the diode Dn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form another loop. At this time, Cn _1 is charged and Ln +1 is discharged.
(4) When the N-type MOS tube Mn _1 is conducted, the diode Dn _1 is cut off, the capacitor energy storage module N-1, the inductor Ln, the diode Dn _3, the N-type MOS tube Mn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form a loop, and the diode Dn _2, the capacitor Cn _1, the diode Dn _3, the N-type MOS tube Mn _1, the inductor Ln +1, the capacitor Co and the load Z form another loop. At this time, Cn _1 is discharged and Ln _1 is magnetized.
Fig. 3 is a graph of a simulation operating waveform of the embodiment under the condition that θ is 0 when n is 3. Fig. 4 is a graph of simulated operating waveforms of the embodiment under the condition of θ 2 pi/3 when n is 3. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the input current ii is continuous, the output current io3 is continuous, the inter-stage currents io1 and io2 are also continuous, and the output voltage Vo is smaller than the dc power voltages Vi, and is common and of the same polarity. As can be seen from a comparison of fig. 3 and 4, θ has an effect on the ripple of io1 and io 2.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, and the scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but rather by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A cascaded buck DC-DC converter, characterized by: the cascade buck DC-DC converter comprises a capacitor energy storage module 1 to a capacitor energy storage module n, an inductor L1 to an inductor Ln +1 and a capacitor Co, wherein the capacitor energy storage module j is provided with a port Vij +, a port Voj + and a port Gndj, one end of an inductor L1 is connected with the positive end of a direct current power supply Vi, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a port Vi1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1, a port Vo1+ of the capacitor energy storage module 1 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a port Vi2+ of the capacitor energy storage module 2, and so on, the other end of the inductor Ln is connected with a port Vin + of the capacitor energy storage module n, a port Von + of the capacitor energy storage module n is connected with one end of the inductor Ln +1, the other end of the inductor Ln +1 is simultaneously connected with one end of the capacitor Co and one end of a load Z, the other end of the capacitor Co, the port dj of the capacitor, j ranges from 1 to n, the capacitance energy storage module j includes a diode Dj _1, a capacitor Cj _1, a diode Dj _2 and an electronic switch Sj, the electronic switch Sj has a port aj and a port bj, one end of the capacitor Cj _1 is connected with a port Vij + of the capacitance energy storage module j and the port aj of the electronic switch Sj, the other end of the capacitor Cj _1 is connected with an anode of the diode Dj _1 and a cathode of the diode Dj _2, a cathode of the diode Dj _1 is connected with a port Voj + of the capacitance energy storage module j and the port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and an anode of the diode Dj _2 is connected with a port Gndj of the capacitance energy storage module j.
2. A cascaded buck DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electronic switch Sj adopts a one-way conductive electronic switch, that is, when the electronic switch Sj is conductive, the current flows in from the port aj and flows out from the port bj.
3. A cascaded buck DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the electronic switch Sj comprises a diode Dj _3, an N-type MOS tube Mj _1 and a controller j, wherein the controller j is provided with a port vgj, the anode of the diode Dj _3 is connected with the port aj of the electronic switch Sj, the cathode of the diode Dj _3 is connected with the drain electrode of the N-type MOS tube Mj _1, the source electrode of the N-type MOS tube Mj _1 is connected with the port bj of the electronic switch Sj, and the gate electrode of the N-type MOS tube Mj _1 is connected with the port vgj of the controller j.
4. A cascaded buck DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and the controller j adopts a power supply control chip.
5. A cascaded buck DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein: the phases of the output signals vgs1 to vgsn of the controllers 1 to n are sequentially delayed by a set angle theta, and the value range of the theta is 0 to 2 pi.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821850717.5U CN211791276U (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Cascaded step-down DC-DC converter |
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| CN201821850717.5U CN211791276U (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Cascaded step-down DC-DC converter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109474181A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-15 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of cascade buck DC-DC converter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109474181A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-15 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of cascade buck DC-DC converter |
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