CN211789438U - Radio frequency front-end device of three-dimensional high-gain antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front end device, include: a high gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver; the high-gain antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas; the radio frequency transceiver devices comprise filters, circulators, receivers and transmitters, the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected with the corresponding high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna. According to the radio frequency front-end device, firstly, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain the uniform spherical wave, so that the phase compensation of the antenna waveform is realized, the gain is improved, secondly, the antenna array is arranged on the substrate, and the high-gain antenna device is designed into a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane wave beam and is finally connected with the corresponding radio frequency transceiver to carry out signal transceiving management, and the overall gain of the antenna is improved.

Description

Radio frequency front-end device of three-dimensional high-gain antenna

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to a radio frequency front end device for a three-dimensional high-gain antenna.

Background

An antenna is an indispensable important component of any radio communication system, and although the tasks to be performed by various types of radio devices are different, the roles of the antennas in the devices are basically the same. Any radio device transmits information by radio waves, and therefore must have a means of radiating or receiving electromagnetic waves.

The traditional antenna radio frequency front end mainly uses a single polarization antenna and also has an array antenna, but the antenna is mainly an array in the vertical direction, and the antenna structures are arranged in two dimensions, so that high gain is difficult to realize, the traditional antenna system has limited improvement on communication performance and poor gain effect.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a body-type high-gain antenna rf front-end device with improved gain for the problem of poor gain effect of the conventional antenna.

A three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device comprises: a high gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver;

the high-gain antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas; each high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver comprises a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the circulator through optical fibers, and the circulator is respectively connected with the receiver and the transmitter through the optical fibers; the number of the radio frequency transceiving devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiving device is respectively connected with a corresponding high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna;

the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna comprises a lens, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarized reflector, a dual-polarized active oscillator and a dual-polarized director;

the dual-polarized reflector, the dual-polarized active oscillator, the dual-polarized director and the lens are sequentially arranged on the axial rod of the antenna; the dual-polarized reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarized director and the lens are arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod;

the dual-polarized director comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged, the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on an axial rod of the antenna, each metal piece is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, a vertical foot is superposed with the midpoint of each metal piece, the length of each metal piece is shorter than that of the adjacent metal piece close to the dual-polarized active oscillator, and when the first director and the second director orthogonally form the dual-polarized director, each two metal pieces with the same length are kept orthogonal and positioned in the same plane;

the dual-polarized reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise metal pieces arranged on two sides of an axial rod of the antenna, the metal pieces of the dual-polarized reflector are perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, a foot is coincident with the midpoint of the metal pieces, the first reflector and the first director are positioned in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are positioned in the same plane, and the length of the metal pieces of the dual-polarized reflector is longer than that of any metal piece of the dual-polarized director;

the dual-polarized active oscillator comprises two single-polarized active oscillators which are orthogonally arranged, namely a first active oscillator and a second active oscillator, wherein the first active oscillator and the second active oscillator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal parts which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of an antenna axial rod, one arm of each L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm and is attached to the antenna axial rod, a port of each connecting arm is connected with the dual-polarized reflector, the other arm of each L-shaped metal part is a functional arm, and the length of each functional arm is longer than that of the corresponding director and shorter than that of the corresponding reflector; meanwhile, the first active oscillator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active oscillator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device firstly adopts a cross structure to realize the dual polarization structure of two single-polarized antenna units, realizes the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, can reduce the signal polarization loss, ensures that the gain of the high-gain antenna device in the horizontal and vertical directions is good, simultaneously ensures that the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna by arranging the lens on the axial rod of the antenna of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna to obtain the uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing the phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, secondly forms the antenna array by arranging the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna on the substrate, designs the high-gain antenna device into a three-dimensional array structure, ensures that the high-gain antenna device can form vertical plane wave beams, and finally is connected with the corresponding radio-frequency transceiver device, the high-gain antenna device is subjected to signal receiving and transmitting management through the corresponding radio frequency receiving and transmitting device, and the overall gain of the antenna is improved.

In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas in different frequency bands are arranged on the substrate in a crossed manner, and the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas in the same frequency band are respectively connected with the same radio frequency transceiver.

In one embodiment, the lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixedly arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod through a connecting piece.

In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises a reflection plate disposed on a side of the dual-polarized reflector away from the second end.

In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises a radome, wherein the radome is a cavity structure with one open end and the other closed end, and the open end is fixed on the reflector.

In one embodiment, the dual-polarized active element further comprises a feeding structure disposed on the first active element and a feeding structure disposed on the second active element, each feeding structure comprising:

the metal bump is arranged on one functional arm and used for receiving feed;

a coaxial line, one end port of which is connected with the metal bump and used for transmitting current to the single-polarization active oscillator to drive the antenna to work;

the supporting piece is coated outside the coaxial line and used for isolating the coaxial line from the external environment;

and the metal shell is arranged outside the support piece, and a part of the metal shell is embedded into the functional arm without the metal bump.

In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises a feed input component, and the feed input component is connected with the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

In one embodiment, the feed input assembly includes a coaxial feed line connecting the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

In one embodiment, the feed input assembly comprises a balun feed arrangement connecting the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod includes a first feed aggregation plate, a second feed aggregation plate, a third feed aggregation plate, and a fourth feed aggregation plate, the first feed aggregation plate, the second feed aggregation plate, the third feed aggregation plate, and the fourth feed aggregation plate surround to form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is disposed in the cavity.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technologies are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high gain antenna apparatus in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in one embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic distribution diagram of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in another embodiment;

fig. 5 is a front view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in one embodiment;

fig. 6 is a rear view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in one embodiment;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of components of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in an embodiment;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of components of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in another embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an active oscillator structure;

FIG. 10 is a side view of a high gain dual polarized yagi antenna according to one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of one direction of a feeding structure in one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another direction of the feeding structure in one embodiment;

fig. 13 is a front view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in another embodiment;

fig. 14 is a rear view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna in another embodiment;

fig. 15 is a block diagram of an rf front-end device with a stereo high-gain antenna according to another embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

In one embodiment, a three-dimensional high-gain antenna rf front-end device is provided, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including a high-gain antenna device 1 and an rf transceiver device 2; the high-gain antenna device 1 comprises a substrate 11 and two or more high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12, each high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 is arranged on the substrate 11, the radio frequency transceiver device 2 comprises a filter 21 (used for filtering harmonic clutter and reducing interference), a circulator 22, a transmitter 23 and a receiver 24, each high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 on the substrate 11 is connected with the filter 21 (namely, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 is connected with the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device 2 by being connected with the filter 21), the filter 21 is connected with the circulator 22 through an optical fiber, and the circulator 22 is respectively connected with the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23 through an optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device 2 is connected with a corresponding high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12. Specifically, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 is vertically disposed on the substrate 11, and since the number of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 and the number of the radio frequency transceiver 2 are two or more, there is a corresponding relationship when connecting, for example, one radio frequency transceiver 2 may be only correspondingly connected with one high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12, one radio frequency transceiver 2 may also be simultaneously correspondingly connected with a plurality of high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12, and one high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 may also be simultaneously correspondingly connected with a plurality of radio frequency transceiver 2, which can facilitate the signal transceiving management. Further, the material of the substrate 11 is not exclusive, and may be a metal plate, a plastic plate, or the like, in this embodiment, the substrate 11 is a metal substrate, and fixing members (for example, fixing bolts) are respectively disposed at four corners of the substrate 11, and the substrate 11 is fixed on the ground through the fixing members, so as to improve the fixing reliability of the substrate 11. The frequency bands of the respective high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 may be the same or different. In this embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are arranged in a crossed manner on the substrate 11. As shown in fig. 3, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 includes a frequency band 1 antenna and a frequency band 2 antenna, and the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 of two different frequency bands are arranged in a crossing manner. The specific structural dimensions of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 in different frequency bands are different, and as shown in fig. 4, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 in different frequency bands are in a staggered high-gain array mode, where the frequency band 1 antenna is a low-frequency antenna and has a high height, and the frequency band 2 antenna is a high-frequency antenna and has a low height. It should be noted that, in an embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with the same frequency band are the same radio frequency transceiver 2 correspondingly connected, for example, the number of the radio frequency transceiver 2 is two, which are respectively a radio frequency transceiver i and a radio frequency transceiver ii, the number of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with the frequency band 1 is two, and the number of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with the frequency band 2 is also two, so that the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with the two frequency bands 1 are both connected with the radio frequency transceiver i, and the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with the two frequency bands 2 are both connected with the radio frequency transceiver ii. The high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 with different frequency bands are placed in a crossed mode, namely, the distance between the two high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas 12 is enlarged, the effective caliber area is indirectly increased, and the antenna gain is improved.

Further, with reference to fig. 5, a specific structure of a high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 is shown in fig. 5, which comprises a lens 400, an antenna axial rod 140, a dual-polarized reflector 130, a dual-polarized active element 120 and a dual-polarized director 110; the antenna axial rod 140 is a metal support rod, and may be in the shape of a round rod, a square rod, a track, or the like, and is used for mounting each component of the antenna.

The dual-polarized reflector 130, the dual-polarized active element 120, the dual-polarized director 110 and the lens 400 are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod 140; a dual polarized reflector 130 is disposed at a first end of the antenna axial rod 140 and a dual polarized director 110 and lens 400 are disposed at a second end of the antenna axial rod 140.

The dual-polarized director 110 comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged, the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the antenna axial rod 140, each metal piece is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, a foot is superposed with the midpoint of each metal piece, the length of each metal piece is shorter than that of the adjacent metal piece close to the dual-polarized active oscillator 120, and when the first director and the second director orthogonally form the dual-polarized director 110, every two metal pieces with the same length are kept orthogonal and are positioned in the same plane;

the dual-polarized reflector 130 comprises a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on two sides of the antenna axial rod 140, the metal piece of the dual-polarized reflector 130 is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, the vertical foot coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are located in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are located in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarized reflector 130 is longer than that of any metal piece of the dual-polarized director 110.

The dual-polarized active oscillator 120 comprises two single-polarized active oscillators, namely a first active oscillator and a second active oscillator, which are orthogonally arranged, wherein the first active oscillator and the second active oscillator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on two sides of the antenna axial rod 140, one arm of each L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm and is attached to the antenna axial rod 140, a port of each connecting arm is connected with the dual-polarized reflector 130, the other arm of each L-shaped metal piece is a functional arm, and the length of each functional arm is longer than that of the director and shorter than that of the reflector; meanwhile, the first active oscillator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active oscillator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

It can be understood that the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 itself radiates outward in the form of spherical waves, so that its equiphase surface is a spherical surface, for an end-fire array, its radiation is also diffused in the form of spherical waves in the most general direction, and by arranging the lens 400 on the top of the antenna axial rod 140, the non-uniform spherical waves diffused outward by the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 can be converted into the form of uniform spherical waves through the lens 400, so as to improve the overall gain of the antenna. Further, in one embodiment, the lens 400 may be a dielectric material, such as a low-k organic material, including glass reinforced plastic, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), and the like.

It should be noted that although a specific connection manner between the antenna axial rod 140 and the lens 400 is not shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the lens 400 and the antenna axial rod 140 may be fixed by foam connection or directly attached to the top of the antenna (i.e., the second end of the antenna axial rod 140), or fixed by a column, etc. Further, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, in one embodiment, the convex surface of the lens 400 faces upward, and correspondingly, in other embodiments, the convex surface of the lens 400 can face in other directions according to actual needs.

In one embodiment, the lens 400 may be a spherical lens. The spherical lens has an arc-shaped spherical surface, and can better compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical waves of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12, so that the non-uniform spherical waves of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 are corrected into uniform spherical waves, and the gain of the antenna is improved. Further, in one embodiment, the non-uniform spherical waves of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 are compensated by arranging the spherical lens, so that the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 can achieve at least 9dB of gain.

In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 further comprises a connector, and the lens 400 is fixedly disposed at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 through the connector. Specifically, the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 corresponds to the top of the antenna, and the connecting member may be a connecting member made of a foam material.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 further comprises a reflection plate 300, and the reflection plate 300 is disposed on a side of the dual-polarized reflector 130 away from the second end. Specifically, the reflective plate 300 may be a flat metal plate having a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a regular polygon shape, or the like, and is disposed on a side of the dual-polarized reflector 130 away from the second end. Further, in one embodiment, the reflection plate 300 is connected with the dual-polarized reflector 130, i.e., the dual-polarized reflector 130 is disposed on the reflection plate 300. By arranging the reflecting plate 300, backward beams of the antenna can be converged and reflected out through the reflecting plate 300, so that the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is effectively improved, and certain effects on improving the gain and the directionality of the antenna are achieved.

Further, in an embodiment, although not shown, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 further includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed on the reflector 300. The antenna housing can be provided with the whole antenna housing, so that the antenna is prevented from being interfered by the environment outside the housing, for example, the overall structure of the antenna is prevented from being damaged by external factors. Further, in one embodiment, the lens 400 may be integrally designed with the radome, which facilitates the removal of the radome and also facilitates the installation.

For further details of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12, please refer to fig. 7 and 8, it should be noted that, although the position of the lens 400 is not shown in fig. 7 and 8, the lens 400 may be fixedly disposed at the second end (which will be referred to as end a) of the antenna axial rod 140 through a connecting member. The dual-polarized director 110, the dual-polarized active element 120 and the dual-polarized reflector 130 are relatively independent and are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod 140 from top to bottom, in the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12, the number of the dual-polarized directors 110 can be multiple, and the lengths of the dual-polarized directors are different,

for example, fig. 7 and 8 each show four dual-polarized directors 110, and the length of the dual-polarized reflector 130 is the longest, the dual-polarized directors 110 are slightly shorter than the dual-polarized reflector 130, and the length of the dual-polarized active vibrator 120 is the shortest. For convenience of description, the two ends of the antenna axial rod 140 are not referred to as an a end and a B end, respectively, the dual-polarized director 110 is disposed at the a end, and the dual-polarized reflector 130 is disposed at the B end.

The dual-polarized director 110 includes a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged, the first director and the second director are the same, and are composed of a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the antenna axial rod 140, where the metal pieces may be metal rods or metal strips, the metal pieces are perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the vertical feet coincide with the middle point of the metal pieces, so that the two ends of the metal pieces are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. Meanwhile, the length relationship among the metal pieces is as follows: the lengths of the metal parts are different, and the length of each metal part is shorter than that of the adjacent metal part close to the dual-polarized active oscillator, namely the lengths of the metal parts are sequentially shortened along the direction from the end B to the end A; or the metal pieces can be divided into a plurality of groups along the direction from the end B to the end A, the length of the plurality of metal pieces in each group is the same, but the length of each group of metal pieces is shorter than that of the adjacent group of metal pieces close to the end B. Meanwhile, when the first director and the second director are orthogonally combined into the dual-polarized director, the metal pieces with the same length are also kept orthogonal and in the same plane, namely the metal pieces with the same length form a cross shape as shown in the figure and are arranged on the axial rod of the antenna.

The dual-polarized reflector 130 includes a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector are the same and respectively composed of a metal piece arranged on the antenna axial rod, the metal piece is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, and the vertical foot coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, so that two ends of the metal piece are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod, and the first reflector and the second reflector are in the same plane. The length of the piece of metal of dual-polarized reflector 130 is longer than the length of any piece of metal of dual-polarized director 110.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the dual-polarized active element 120 includes two identical single-polarized active elements that are orthogonally disposed, that is, a first active element and a second active element, and each of the two same single-polarized active elements is composed of two L-shaped metal elements that are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the antenna axial rod, one arm of each L-shaped metal element is a connecting arm 121 attached to the antenna axial rod 140, and a port 122 on the connecting arm 121 is connected to a corresponding metal element of the dual-polarized reflector 130, that is, one L-shaped metal element of the first active element is connected to a metal element on one side of the first reflector, the other L-shaped metal element of the first active element is connected to a metal element on the other side of the first reflector, and the second active element is also referred to as "active element. The other arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a functional arm 123, and the sum of the lengths of the two functional arms of the active element, which are arranged on the two sides of the antenna axial rod, is greater than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director 101 and less than the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130. The angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal member can be adjusted according to the actual signal transceiving requirement, and in one embodiment, the angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal member is 90 °.

Referring to fig. 10, the relationship between dual-polarized director 110, dual-polarized active element 120 and dual-polarized reflector 130 further comprises: the first active oscillator, the first reflector and the first director are positioned in the same plane, the second active oscillator, the second reflector and the second director are positioned in the same plane, and the view of the whole antenna from the A end to the B end is approximately in a cross shape.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, in one embodiment, a feeding structure 200 is disposed on both the first active element and the second active element of the dual-polarized active element 130, and includes: a metal bump 201 as a feeding point, disposed on one of the functional arms 123a of the single-polarized active oscillator, for receiving feeding;

a port at one end of the coaxial line 202 is connected with the metal bump 201, and is used for transmitting current to the active oscillator to drive the antenna to work;

a support member 203, which is wrapped outside the coaxial line 202, and is used for isolating the coaxial line 202 from the external environment, and in one embodiment, the support member is made of teflon, which further plays an insulating role;

the metal shell 204 is disposed outside the supporting member 203, and a portion of the metal shell 204 is embedded in the other functional arm 123b without the metal bump 201, so as to ground the metal shell, so that the coaxial line 202 and the metal shell 204 form a potential difference.

Further, in one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna 12 further comprises a feeding input component, which is connected to the feeding structure on the first active element and the feeding structure on the second active element. The feed input component is used for inputting feed to the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, so that the antenna can receive the feed to normally work.

Further, in an embodiment, with continuing reference to fig. 5 and 6, the feed input assembly includes a coaxial feed line 500, the coaxial feed line 500 connecting the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element hereinbefore. Specifically, the coaxial feed line 500 may be a 50-ohm coaxial line, and correspondingly, the input impedance of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is 50 ohms at this time. By employing the coaxial feed line 500 to provide a feed structure for feeding the antenna, an impedance transformer is not required, saving feed cost.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 differs from fig. 5 in the structure of the feeding input component, and correspondingly, fig. 14 differs from fig. 6 in the structure of the feeding input component, and in fig. 13 and 14, the feeding input component includes a balun feeding device 600, and the balun feeding device 600 connects the feeding structure on the first active element and the feeding structure on the second active element in the above. The balun feed device 600 is a balun, and balanced feeding of the antenna element can be realized by the balun feed device 600.

In one embodiment, although not shown, the antenna axial rod 140 includes a first feeding assembly plate, a second feeding assembly plate, a third feeding assembly plate, and a fourth feeding assembly plate, and the first feeding assembly plate, the second feeding assembly plate, the third feeding assembly plate, and the fourth feeding assembly plate surround to form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is disposed in the cavity. It can be understood that the above dual-polarized reflector, dual-polarized active element and dual-polarized director are connected to the above feeding assembly board, so as to be fixed on the antenna axial rod, for example, the dual-polarized reflector may be connected to the four assembly boards, i.e. the first feeding assembly board, the second feeding assembly board, the third feeding assembly board and the fourth feeding assembly board, simultaneously, or may be connected to only the first feeding assembly board and the third feeding assembly board, so as to be fixed on the antenna axial rod, further, in an embodiment, the material of the dielectric strip may be an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material, and the cross-sectional area of the dielectric strip is equal to that of the cavity, so as to facilitate the fixing of the dielectric strip in the cavity and improve the working stability. By arranging the dielectric strips in the cavity, the Hansen-Wood's end fire condition can be realized, a strong end fire array is formed, the dielectric constants of all layers of oscillators are different, and the strong end fire array is formed, so that the purpose of improving the gain of the antenna is realized.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, the radio frequency transceiver 2 further includes a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26, the circulator 22 is connected to the low noise amplifier 26, and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24; circulator 22 is connected to power amplifier 25, and power amplifier 25 is connected to transmitter 23. Specifically, the high-gain antenna device 1 is connected with the filter 21, the filter 21 is respectively connected with the power amplifier 25 and the low-noise amplifier 26 through the circulator 22, the power amplifier 25 is connected with the transmitter 23, the low-noise amplifier 26 is connected with the receiver 24, and a signal transmitting channel and a signal receiving channel are respectively formed, so that the formed high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device realizes maximum transmitting and receiving gains, and the utilization efficiency of space is effectively improved. The high-gain antenna device 1 is a three-dimensional structure, a three-dimensional array is formed, and the original two-dimensional antenna is configured into a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device, so that single-beam wave configuration with maximum gain can be realized.

In this embodiment, the power amplifier 25 and the low noise amplifier 26 are respectively added in the signal transmitting channel and the signal receiving channel, and the signal to be transmitted is power-amplified to improve the transmitting power, and the received signal is amplified for subsequent signal processing, so that the communication reliability of the high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device is improved. In addition, each device in the radio frequency transceiver 2 transmits signals through optical fibers, so that the signal transmission speed is high, the loss is small, the anti-interference capability is high, and the communication reliability of the system can be further improved.

In addition, in one embodiment, the high gain antenna rf front end further comprises a control device, which is connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23. Specifically, the control device may employ an MCU (Micro control unit). The control device controls the signal reception and transmission of the high gain antenna device 1, thereby improving the communication reliability of the antenna system.

The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device firstly adopts a cross structure to realize the dual polarization structure of two single-polarized antenna units, realizes the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, can reduce the signal polarization loss, and ensures that the gain of the antenna device in the horizontal and vertical directions is good, meanwhile, the lens is arranged on the axial rod of the antenna of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, so that the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing the phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna, secondly, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is arranged on the substrate in an antenna array way, the high-gain antenna device is designed into a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form vertical plane wave beams, and finally, the high-gain antenna device is connected with, the high-gain antenna device is subjected to signal receiving and transmitting management through the corresponding radio frequency receiving and transmitting device, and the overall gain of the antenna is improved.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front end device is characterized by comprising: a high gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver;

the high-gain antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas; each high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver comprises a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna is connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the circulator through optical fibers, and the circulator is respectively connected with the receiver and the transmitter through the optical fibers; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected with a corresponding high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna;

the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna comprises a lens, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarized reflector, a dual-polarized active oscillator and a dual-polarized director;

the dual-polarized reflector, the dual-polarized active oscillator, the dual-polarized director and the lens are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarized reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarized director and the lens are arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod;

the dual-polarized director comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged, the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the axial rod of the antenna, each metal piece is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, a vertical foot is superposed with the midpoint of each metal piece, the length of each metal piece is shorter than that of the adjacent metal piece close to the dual-polarized active oscillator, and when the first director and the second director orthogonally form the dual-polarized director, every two metal pieces with the same length are kept orthogonal and are positioned in the same plane;

the dual-polarized reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on two sides of the axial rod of the antenna, the metal piece of the dual-polarized reflector is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, a foot is coincided with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are positioned in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are positioned in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarized reflector is longer than that of any metal piece of the dual-polarized director;

the dual-polarized active oscillator comprises two single-polarized active oscillators, namely a first active oscillator and a second active oscillator, which are orthogonally arranged, wherein the first active oscillator and the second active oscillator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on two sides of an antenna axial rod, one arm of each L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm and is attached to the antenna axial rod, a port of each connecting arm is connected with the dual-polarized reflector, the other arm of each L-shaped metal piece is a functional arm, and the length of each functional arm is longer than that of the director and shorter than that of the reflector; meanwhile, the first active oscillator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active oscillator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

2. The front-end rf device of claim 1, wherein high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas of different frequency bands are disposed across the substrate, and the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to a same rf transceiver.

3. The rf front-end device of claim 1, wherein the lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixedly disposed at the second end of the axial rod of the antenna through a connecting member.

4. The stereoscopic high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device according to claim 1, wherein the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises a reflector plate, and the reflector plate is disposed on a side of the dual-polarized reflector away from the second end.

5. The stereoscopic high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device according to claim 4, wherein the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises an antenna housing, the antenna housing is a cavity structure with one open end and the other closed end, and the open end is fixed on the reflector plate.

6. The rf front-end device of claim 1, wherein the dual-polarized active element further comprises a feeding structure disposed on the first active element and a feeding structure disposed on the second active element, and each of the feeding structures comprises:

the metal bump is arranged on one functional arm and used for receiving feed;

a coaxial line, one end port of which is connected with the metal bump and is used for transmitting current to the single-polarization active oscillator to drive the antenna to work;

the supporting piece is coated outside the coaxial line and used for isolating the coaxial line from the external environment;

and the metal shell is arranged outside the supporting piece, and meanwhile, one part of the metal shell is embedded into the functional arm without the metal lug.

7. The front-end rf device of claim 6, wherein the high-gain dual-polarized yagi antenna further comprises a feeding input component, and the feeding input component is connected to the feeding structure of the first active element and the feeding structure of the second active element.

8. The stereoscopic high-gain antenna radio-frequency front end device according to claim 7, wherein the feed input component comprises a coaxial feed line, and the coaxial feed line connects the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

9. The rf front-end device of claim 7, wherein the feeding input component comprises a balun feeding device, and the balun feeding device connects the feeding structure of the first active element and the feeding structure of the second active element.

10. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio-frequency front-end device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna axial rod includes a first feeding assembly plate, a second feeding assembly plate, a third feeding assembly plate, and a fourth feeding assembly plate, the first feeding assembly plate, the second feeding assembly plate, the third feeding assembly plate, and the fourth feeding assembly plate surround to form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is disposed in the cavity.

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