CN211774727U - Fire prevention air-supported membrane structure based on personnel safety - Google Patents

Abstract

A fireproof air-bearing type membrane structure based on personnel safety is characterized in that a continuous smoke-proof foundation wall is built on the ground, a horizontal cornice is arranged at the upper part of the smoke-proof foundation wall, the wall surface is provided with at least one airtight door and one evacuation door, a circle of refuge area illumination indication mark, a plurality of smoke-blocking droughts I and a plurality of smoke-blocking droughts II are respectively arranged on the front end surface of the horizontal cornice, each smoke-blocking drought II is arranged between two adjacent smoke-blocking droughts I, a hot melting paste I and a hot melting paste II are respectively arranged on the back surfaces of the fixed areas of each smoke-blocking drought I and each smoke-blocking drought II, and a resistance wire I is arranged in each hot melting paste I; each hot melt adhesive II is internally provided with a resistance wire II; an air supply system is arranged on the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice, a water cooling system is arranged on the top surface of the horizontal cornice, and a water storage ditch, a circle of refuge area indication mark and a plurality of evacuation guide marks are respectively arranged on the ground; the air film roof is fixed on the top end face of the smoke-proof foundation wall. The problem that the safety of users is threatened by membrane face collapse and smoke and flame body radiation under fire is solved, and other disasters are taken into consideration.

Description

Fire prevention air-supported membrane structure based on personnel safety

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an emergent sparse field under building structure fire prevention and the conflagration, concretely relates to use integrated structure (building) fire prevention structure of personnel's safety as the target of seting up defences for fire prevention to this special building product development of air-supported membrane structure.

Background

The air-supported membrane structure is a special building product, the forming principle of the roof membrane surface is similar to that of a blowball, the indoor pressure is maintained to be higher than the outdoor pressure of 200-250 pa, the membrane surface is kept in the design form under the normal use condition, and users are located in the environment slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure.

It is the above working principle that the air-supported membrane structure needs to have essential basic components, such as: the integrated film surface is jointed, the peripheral foundation of the boundary of the supporting film surface, a system for supplying air to the indoor space, an airtight door for normal access of people, an evacuation door for emergency escape and the like. A number of prior art (application numbers: CN200920310458.1, cn201821911573. x) have introduced systems for these components.

Currently, air-supported membrane structures are mainly used in industrial buildings and civil sports training buildings. Wherein: the industrial building comprises: coal storage bins (application numbers: CN201820249665.X and CN 201720376964.5), grain storage bins, solid waste storage bins, inorganic industrial raw material storage bins and the like; the civil sports training building (facility) comprises: indoor football, volleyball, table tennis, ski resort (application number: CN 201822250378.3), natatorium (application number: CN 201821912267.8), and the like.

For the specific applications of the places, the prior art is originally created and improved in the aspects of membrane surface cable net structure and connection thereof (application number: CN 201920159275.8), anchoring between the membrane surface and a foundation wall supporting surface (application number: CN 201820715031.9), dust removal loading and unloading requirements in the places (application number: CN 201720165071.6), air leakage prevention performance of airtight doors (application numbers: CN201821807525.6 and CN 201920559942.1), indoor exhaust and smoke discharge (application number: CN 201621282228.5) and the like.

The air-supported membrane structure depends on the principle that the indoor air bears the membrane surface form under super-atmospheric pressure, and the membrane surface structure has collapse risk under the condition of fire. The reason is that: once a fire greater than an indoor space occurs, the indoor air rapidly heated in a short time may cause internal overpressure to rise to 700pa or above, so that the film surface is burst or the flame directly ablates the film surface to generate holes; meanwhile, if the fire linkage alarm system is used for opening the evacuation door in a linkage manner or manually opened by the escape personnel for the first time, the indoor pressure can be instantly reduced to normal pressure, and the membrane surface form of the existing air supplement system of the project is difficult to maintain even if the existing air supplement system runs under full load. Along with the situation, smoke generated by fire disasters can be buckled and lowered along with the continuously fluctuating and falling film surface, so that the safety of people not evacuated in a room is threatened. Even in certain corners, panic personnel are pressed against the ground by the membrane and are unable to escape from a fire due to difficulty in lifting the membrane and recognizing the direction.

Also, in the case of a fire which is small compared to the indoor space, opening the evacuation door will have the same effects as above, in which the film surface collapses and the smoke is trapped and falls. The action of opening the evacuation door by the escape personnel in an emergency situation cannot be controlled. Even if all people select the airtight door (revolving door) for evacuation in and out daily life, the smoke is accumulated below the ceiling film surface because the film surface is not damaged and continuously subsides, so that the harm to the people who cannot be evacuated in time is caused.

The above-mentioned personnel safety problem in case of fire may be still small in industrial buildings, because most of industrial air-supported membrane structure buildings are skilled operators for solving indoor environment (escape route), and the number of people is limited, and the people have the ability and possibility of escaping in case of fire. However, in civil public buildings (large-scale sports training buildings, indoor amusement parks and planning exhibition halls) with increasingly complex attitudes and increasing numbers of people, the exposed dangers are very prominent, and solution is urgently needed.

The current overall technical profile is as follows:

(1) to put out a fire instead of preventing fire,

application No.: the technology disclosed by CN201821911573.X is used for connecting an inner membrane with a spraying pipe network to fulfill the aim of fire control and extinguishment; meanwhile, the film surface comprises a fireproof layer, and the purpose of relieving the fire spread is realized.

(1-1) the current building design fire protection standard (GB 50016-2018) adopts a passive fire protection design for a building structure (a membrane surface structure), namely, the worst fire condition which is not influenced by the starting of a spraying system is considered when the collapse failure of the membrane surface is considered under the fire;

(1-2) from the prior engineering, the shaking deformation of the membrane surface under strong wind and snow can reach 1-2 m, and the membrane surface can be torn by the fixed connection of the main water pipe and the inner membrane layer;

(1-3) the existing PVC membrane material has the combustion performance reaching B1 level, namely, the flame which is directly ablated away from the existing PVC membrane material is extinguished, so that whether a fire-proof layer is increased or not is not necessarily connected with the fire spread alleviation.

Similar disclosures are also: CN201720917379.1, CN201720913993.0, CN 201621280195.0;

(2) the membrane surface is utilized to discharge smoke and exhaust gas,

application No.: CN201711084775.1 discloses a technical solution for arranging a smoke exhaust component on the membrane surface to reduce the harm of toxic gas to people in fire, increase the visual field of people, and slow down the spreading speed of open fire, and the analysis shows that:

(2-1) when the internal pressure of the air film is larger than the external pressure and high-temperature smoke overflows from the smoke exhaust component under the fire disaster, the internal pressure characteristic cannot be realized once the evacuation door is opened only when the evacuation door is not opened;

(2-2) in the existing engineering, once the set pressure is exceeded, the air supply system stops working, so that the opening area of the smoke exhaust component directly determines the duration of the internal pressure characteristic, but the duration is expected to be short;

(2-3) the spread of the open fire is related to the characteristics and the placement position of a burning object, and the exhaust of the smoke can be supplemented by air near the ground, so that the slow-down of the spread speed of the open fire is not necessarily effective;

(2-4) uncertainty of the location of the fire may burn the film surface above the flame through to form holes, rendering the smoke evacuation component ineffective, and the smoke evacuation component will be nearly completely ineffective once it collapses with the fluctuation of the film surface.

Therefore, the technology also can not realize the purpose of deterministically reducing the damage of the smoke to the personnel, and the opening of the film surface can accelerate the collapse speed and reduce the escape time of the personnel in fire. Similar disclosures are also: application No.: cn201711086430. x;

(3) the water protection film surface technology comprises the following steps of,

application No.: CN201721571333.5 discloses a technical scheme for ensuring that a gas film building is not burnt under fire, and analysis shows that:

(3-1) in the existing engineering, the clear span of the air-supported membrane structure can reach 140m, the height of the top point is more than 40m, and the 'reinforcing steel bar netting' is of any structure so as to ensure that the 'reinforcing steel bar netting' cannot collapse due to self weight;

(3-2) the air film body and the heat-insulating layer contained in the air film body cover the steel bar net, the water spraying end is fixed on the steel bar net, and the air film body and the heat-insulating layer do not have a clear distance, and how to spray water to the heat-insulating layer of the film surface forms a covering range;

(3-3) if the steel bar netting is firm, the possibility of membrane surface tearing is increased in strong wind and snow days, and if not firm, the membrane surface can shake and collapse (fatigue) along with the strong wind and snow days;

(3-4) the fire disaster is uncertain, the film surface can be ablated by big fire, at the moment, the film surface burning problem cannot be solved by the spraying protection film surface device, and if the device cannot act, the device can be burnt by flame and collapsed.

It can be seen that this technique not only does not have implementation possibilities, but also may pose personnel safety risks. Similar disclosures are also: application No.: CN201720917508.7, CN 201420211006.9;

(4) the technology of the collapse prevention type is that,

application No.: CN201721239521.8 discloses a collapse supporting technology of air film structure connected with a cable chain around the top of a lamp post of a swimming pool, and analysis shows that:

(4-1) the technology can be used for the collapse of the air-supported membrane structure in extreme severe weather such as strong wind, strong snow and the like, and the collapse possibility in case of fire is low, because the fire possibility in a swimming pool place is extremely low;

(4-2) the technology has large site limitation, and cannot be used in air film sites requiring large clearance, such as coal storage bins containing large coal dumpers and sports training facilities of indoor football stadiums;

(4-3) once the lamp post (metal vertical supporting piece) and the cable chain without fireproof protection collapse (continuously collapse after being pulled) under fire, the lamp post and the cable chain cannot support the film surface and can cause additional damage to personnel.

Application No.: CN201721236162.0 discloses an emergency support device for collapse of air film structure, in which a lifting rod extending from a base and a support cross rod capable of deflecting to the horizontal are driven by a motor, and it is found through analysis that the technology is not directed to fire disasters, and if the technology is applied to fire conditions, the following problems can be expected to exist:

(4-4) the gas film structure power supply unit is powered off and cannot work due to fire;

(4-5) the mechanisms are generally metal components, which may be damaged and collapsed due to no fire protection, or extend out of the card body due to the bending of the side vertical surface facing the fire source caused by thermal expansion;

(4-6) the membrane material close to the roof is inevitably softened under the condition of contacting with high-temperature smoke gas and the temperature is higher than the normal temperature, and then the membrane material is punctured by the supporting cross rod or is torn at the supporting cross rod by being pulled by the surrounding suspension membrane surface to accelerate collapse, so that the available time for people to evacuate is shortened.

Similar disclosures are also: application No.: CN201621431347.2, CN201410255414.9, CN201420076525.9 and CN 201710308399.3.

Summarizing the above prior art, it can be found that:

(1) the recognition of the air-supported membrane structure fire prevention has a miszone, the building fire prevention and fire extinguishing are mixed, and the most unfavorable condition of the fire prevention of the failure of a spraying system is not considered;

(2) the published fire protection technical measures violate the structural moulding characteristics of the air-supported membrane structure, leaving the technical measures untrue or questionable as to their feasibility or reliability, in particular certain measures may also pose additional safety risks to the evacuation of personnel;

(3) the published technical measures are partially lack of fire-proof pertinence, and are partially limited in practical application, even waste is caused unnecessarily;

(4) the technical measures for fire prevention are not provided for directly aiming at the personnel safety problem in the air-supported membrane structure building in the case of fire, part of the technology pays attention to the personnel safety in the case of fire, but the actual effect can be south beam ruts through an indirect technical means, namely a property safety target of protecting the membrane surface, for example: adopting a complete technology under the fire disaster of a water protective film surface;

(5) even if the feasibility and the reliability of the prior fire-proof technical measures are not discussed, the prior art can only pay attention to smoke discharge or film surface collapse, the integral air-supported film structure is not regarded as a special building product, the existing technical standard is strictly applied, and the technical scheme for solving the fire-proof problem of the air-supported film structure is lacked;

(6) even if the prior art is accumulated, the safety problem of personnel in the air-supported membrane structure under fire can not be reliably solved, and the core lies in that the target concept of solving the fire prevention problem of the air-supported membrane structure is not clear;

(7) there is no prior art case of adopting smoke-proof technical measures to protect people in the air-supported membrane structure building from fire.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the situation and the existence of prior art not enough, the utility model provides a fire prevention air-supported membrane structure based on personal safety.

The utility model overcomes prior art: the miszone of the fire-proof knowledge of the air-supported membrane structure is not regarded as a special building product; the technical measures for preventing personnel from being damaged by membrane surface collapse and buckling and fire smoke under fire disaster are provided in a systematic way without taking personnel safety as the core problem of fire prevention design and complying with the structural characteristics of the air bearing type membrane structure.

The utility model discloses can regard as a special building product with air-supported membrane structure, from special building structure fire prevention design's angle to personnel's safety is fire prevention design core target, gives the solution of system to the emergent sparse problem under its inside personnel's conflagration. The scheme is not the accumulation of the concept and the technical details of solving the personnel safety problem in the prior art, but provides the technical scheme considering the following elements: (1) the integrity of the film surface under the fire is kept as much as possible, namely smoke exhaust holes are not prefabricated on the film surface, air leakage is reduced, collapse of the film surface under the fire is delayed, broken holes are not formed by flame ablation, and the evacuation available time is as long as possible; (2) smoke is replaced by smoke prevention, namely a temporary smoke prevention refuge area for people to evacuate outdoors is provided, and the problem that the people cannot be prevented from being invaded by fire smoke by using a smoke exhaust means is thoroughly solved; (3) the problem that people neglected in the prior art may be directly attacked by flame radiation is considered; (4) the foundation wall generally adopted by the current engineering is redesigned, the cornice is added to obtain the smoke-proof foundation wall, and the problem that the existing support technical measures lack reliability under fire hazards is solved while the cost is reduced as much as possible through the integrated design. The scheme integrally realizes the aim of preventing people from being damaged by film surface buckling pressure, fire smoke and flame radiation. Meanwhile, the technical scheme is also effective for emergency evacuation of personnel in extreme severe weather such as strong wind, heavy snow and the like. In particular, an innovative idea is provided for solving the contradiction between the fire-proof design aspect and the current mode specification of the special building product of the air-supported membrane structure.

The air-supported membrane structure product obtained by the technical scheme solves the threat of membrane surface collapse, high-temperature smoke and flame body radiation to indoor personnel safety under fire, provides the fire protection design of the air-supported membrane structure and the emergency evacuation scheme under fire from the perspective of personnel safety by innovative technical means, and provides reference for the revision of related fire protection standards, the fire protection design and modification in engineering practice, and the emergency evacuation and rehearsal of personnel.

The utility model discloses a realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme who adopts is:

the utility model provides a fire prevention air-supported membrane structure based on personal safety, includes air film roofing, ground, airtight door and sparse door, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a smoke-proof foundation wall, a smoke-blocking drooping mantle I, a smoke-blocking drooping mantle II, an air supply system, a water cooling system, a refuge area indicator, a refuge area lighting indicator and an evacuation guide indicator;

building a continuous smoke-proof foundation wall with a rectangular plane as a supporting structure of an air film roof on the ground, wherein a circle of continuous horizontal cornices are arranged indoors on the continuous smoke-proof foundation wall surface, at least one airtight door and at least one evacuation door are installed on the continuous smoke-proof foundation wall surface, a circle of refuge area illumination indicating marks are arranged on the upper portion of the front end surface of each horizontal cornice, a plurality of smoke-blocking droops I are fixed at intervals on the middle portion of the front end surface of each horizontal cornice, a hot-melting sticker I is pasted on the back corresponding to the fixed position of each rectangular curtain I of the smoke-blocking droops I, and a core resistance wire I of each hot-melting sticker I is wrapped in a hot-melting gelling surface I on the periphery;

the lower part of the front end face of the horizontal cornice between two adjacent smoke-blocking droughts I is fixedly provided with a smoke-blocking drought curtain II, a hot melting paste II is pasted on the back corresponding to the fixed part of each rectangular curtain II of the smoke-blocking drought curtain II, and the core resistance wire II of each hot melting paste II is wrapped in the peripheral hot melting gelling surface II;

counter-clockwise rotating a counterweight shaft head I of the smoke-blocking drapery I, vertically and upwards winding a rectangular curtain I on the outer surface of the counterweight shaft head I until the height of a hot melt sticker I, and sticking the rectangular curtain I on the counterweight shaft head I and the hot melt sticker I together;

rotating a counter weight shaft head II of the smoke-blocking drapery II anticlockwise, vertically winding a rectangular drapery II on the outer surface of the counter weight shaft head II upwards until the height of a hot melt sticker II, and sticking the rectangular drapery II on the counter weight shaft head II and the hot melt sticker II together;

when a plurality of smoke-blocking pendants I and a plurality of smoke-blocking pendants II are completely unfolded vertically downwards, two vertical edges of a rectangular curtain I of each smoke-blocking pendant I are respectively lapped and covered on the vertical edge of a rectangular curtain II of the smoke-blocking pendant adjacent to the rectangular curtain I;

the air supply main pipe of the air supply system is fixed at the intersection angle of the lower part of the circle of foundation wall and the horizontal cornice, one ends of a plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes which are arranged at the bottom surface of the circle of horizontal cornice at intervals are respectively and vertically connected with the air supply main pipe, the other ends of the plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes are connected with an air supply nozzle sequentially through an air supply elbow, a vertical air supply branch pipe and an air supply branch pipe to form a set of air supply branch pipes, and the air supply nozzle can supply;

the water supply main pipe of the water cooling system is fixed on the upper surface of a circle of horizontal cornice, one ends of a plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes arranged at intervals are vertically connected with the water supply main pipe, the other ends of the plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes are connected with a spray head sequentially through a water supply elbow, a vertical spray head and the spray head to form a set of water cooling branch pipe, the spraying direction of the spray head is inclined downwards, and the spraying range at least covers the upper part to the middle upper part of a rectangular curtain I and a rectangular curtain II; a water storage ditch is arranged on the ground corresponding to the lower parts of the circle of the counterweight shaft heads I and the counterweight shaft heads II, a permeable cover (8-1) of the water storage ditch covers the upper part of the ditch body, and the upper surface of the permeable cover is equal to the ground in height;

a circle of refuge area indication marks are arranged on the ground along the inner ring of the water storage channel, and the upper surface of the circle of refuge area indication marks is as high as the ground;

a plurality of evacuation guide marks are arranged on the ground along the outer ring of the water storage channel at intervals, and the upper surfaces of the evacuation guide marks are as high as the ground;

the gas film roof is arranged on the upper portion of the smoke-proof foundation wall, and the edge of the gas film roof is fixed on the top end face of the foundation wall on the upper portion of the foundation wall.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a fire prevention structure and operating method have the structural feature, the angle innovation of complying with air-supported membrane structure, with strong points, the reliability is high, the cost is lower, the building industry attitude of adaptation is various, the calamity variety of adaptation is various, maneuverability is strong characteristics.

The design through the smoke protection foundation wall provides reliable support for preventing the personnel who withhold the face of the membrane collapse under the conflagration, has increased the suitability under the different calamities.

Through the combination of smoke protection foundation wall, fender cigarette curtain I, fender cigarette curtain II and ground and enclose and close, formed personnel's space of taking refuge temporarily under the conflagration, through keeping off the overlap joint of cigarette curtain I and keeping off the cigarette curtain II and standing the limit after expandeing completely and covering, formed the first barrier that prevents the flue gas invasion temporary smoke protection zone of taking refuge.

Design through keeping off the design of cigarette mantle I and keeping off the design of cigarette mantle II makes indoor personnel avoid the infringement of flame heat radiation, in addition with water cooling system's joint use, has increased the reliability of this utility, and to the optional operation of water cooling system design, has reduced the cost of anti-fire.

Through the design of the air supply system, the air supply in the air bearing type membrane structure under the normal use condition is more uniform, people who just enter the room or people who just finish moving can enjoy the blowing of warm air or cool air, a second barrier for preventing smoke from invading the temporary smoke-proof refuge area is formed in a smoke-proof mode after the air supply quantity is increased under the fire condition, and people in the refuge area can breathe fresh outdoor air.

Through the design that I and II were pasted to the hot melt, keep off the design of cigarette heavy screen I and keep off cigarette heavy screen II and can begin to unfold fast behind the discovery conflagration.

Adopt fire-retardant elastic material through elasticity overcoat I and elasticity overcoat II, can prevent to keep off the cigarette heavy screen I and keep off the cigarette heavy screen II and expand its inside counter weight I and counter weight II of in-process and cause personnel's injury, through the design of counter weight I and counter weight II, can prevent to keep off the cigarette heavy screen I and keep off the cigarette heavy screen II and can not expand completely.

Through the design of the illumination indication marks of the refuge area, indoor people can know the distribution of the temporary smoke-proof refuge area and provide illumination for the people entering the temporary smoke-proof refuge space.

Through the design of the refuge area indication mark, indoor personnel can safely and quickly enter the temporary smoke-proof refuge area under guidance to wait for evacuation to the outdoor.

Through the design of the evacuation guide mark, people in the temporary smoke-proof refuge area can be safely and quickly evacuated outdoors through the airtight door or the evacuation door.

The membrane overpressure damage which can be caused by a fire disaster larger than the indoor space is avoided by adopting the evacuation door with the automatic overpressure pressure relief device.

The fire condition is judged in time in the evacuation process, the operation key points of the airtight door evacuation are used as far as possible, the possibility of the membrane surface collapse is reduced, the time of the membrane surface collapse is prolonged, and the safety guarantee in the personnel evacuation process is increased.

In a word, the utility model is suitable for an air supporting formula membrane structure product fire prevention design of customization and to current air supporting formula membrane knot engineering fire prevention transformation to the emergent sparse scheme of personnel under the calamity such as conflagration is provided, the problem that the membrane face collapses and flue gas, flame body radiation threaten user of service safety under the conflagration has been solved, and compromise other calamities. Meanwhile, the method can provide reference for the revision of related fire-fighting standards, caters to the vigorous development trend of the current air-supported membrane structure under the large backgrounds of 'nationwide fitness' and 'haze prevention', and has great social public safety, disaster emergency management and economic benefits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view in vertical section of the construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the non-deployed state of the smoke screen of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial elevation view of the extended smoke screen of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of the air supply system of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of the water cooling system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the smoke barrier and related components of the present invention in a closed loop configuration along the indoor perimeter of the building;

FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 6A;

fig. 8 is a horizontal section top view of the smoke-proof foundation wall of the present invention, which is set within a certain range along the airtight door and the evacuation door.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an air-supported fire protection structure based on personnel safety comprises an air film roof 1, a ground 7, an airtight door 12, an evacuation door 13, a smoke-proof foundation wall 2, a smoke-blocking curtain I3, a smoke-blocking curtain II 4, an air supply system 5, a water cooling system 6, a water storage channel 8, an escape area indicator 9, an escape area illumination indicator 10 and an evacuation guide indicator 11.

The smoke-proof foundation wall 2 comprises a foundation wall upper portion 2-1, a foundation wall lower portion 2-2, indoor-facing horizontal cornices 2-3 and nodes 2-4 connecting the foundation wall upper portion 2-1, the foundation wall lower portion 2-2 and the horizontal cornices 2-3, wherein the foundation wall top end face 2-1-1 is the top face of the foundation wall upper portion 2-1, and the horizontal cornice front end face 2-3-1 is an extending tail end vertical face of the horizontal cornices 2-3.

The smoke-blocking drapery I3 comprises a drapery I3-1, a counterweight shaft head I3-2 and a hot melt adhesive I3-3, wherein the counterweight shaft head I3-2 comprises a counterweight rod I3-2-1 positioned in a core part and an elastic outer sleeve I3-2-2 wrapped on the periphery;

the hot-melt adhesive I3-3 comprises a resistance wire I3-3-1 positioned in a core part and a hot-melt gel skin I3-3-2 wrapped on the periphery.

The smoke-blocking drapery II 4 comprises a drapery II 4-1, a counterweight shaft head II 4-2 and a hot melt adhesive II 4-3, wherein the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 comprises a counterweight rod II 4-2-1 positioned in the core part and an elastic outer sleeve II 4-2-2 wrapped on the periphery;

the hot-melt adhesive II 4-3 comprises a resistance wire II 4-3-1 positioned in the core part and a hot-melt gel skin II 4-3-2 wrapped on the periphery.

The air supply system 5 comprises an air supply main pipe 5-1, a plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes 5-2, a plurality of air supply elbows 5-3, a plurality of vertical air supply branch pipes 5-4 and a plurality of air supply nozzles 5-5.

The water cooling system 6 comprises a water supply main pipe 6-1, a plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes 6-2, a plurality of water supply elbows 6-3, a plurality of vertical water supply branch pipes 6-4 and a plurality of spray heads 6-5.

The water storage ditch 8 comprises a permeable cover 8-1 and a ditch body 8-2.

A continuous smoke-proof foundation wall 2 with a rectangular plane is built on the ground 7 to serve as a supporting structure of the air film roof 1, and the edge of the air film roof 1 is fixed on the top end face 2-1-1 of the foundation wall of the upper part 2-1 of the foundation wall to form the air-supported film structure main body.

The continuous smoke-proof foundation wall 2 is provided with a circle of continuous horizontal cornices 2-3 facing indoors, and is provided with at least one airtight door 12 and at least one evacuation door 13.

A circle of refuge area illumination indication marks 10 are arranged along the upper part of the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3, a plurality of smoke-blocking draperies I3 are fixed at intervals along the middle part of the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3, a hot melt adhesive I3-3 is pasted on the back corresponding to the fixed part of the rectangular drapery I3-1 of each smoke-blocking drapery I3, and the core resistance wire I3-3-1 of each hot melt adhesive I3-3 is wrapped in the peripheral hot melt gel skin I3-3-2;

the lower part of the front end face 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3 between two adjacent smoke-blocking drooping curtains I3 is fixed with a smoke-blocking drooping curtain II 4, a hot melt adhesive II 4-3 is pasted on the back corresponding to the fixed part of the rectangular curtain II 4-1 of each smoke-blocking drooping curtain II 4-3, and the core resistance wire II 4-3-1 of each hot melt adhesive II 4-3 is wrapped in the hot melt gel surface II 4-3-2 of the periphery.

One surface of the upper short side of a rectangular screen I3-1 of the smoke-blocking drapery I3 is fixed in the middle 1/3 height range of the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice of 2-3, and one surface of a hot-melt adhesive I3-3 is adhered to the back surface of the upper short side of the rectangular screen I3-1 in the range;

the opposite side of the fixed part of the rectangular curtain I3-1 of the smoke-blocking pendant curtain I3 is horizontally connected with the elastic outer sleeve I3-2-2 of the counterweight shaft head I3-2 with equal length; the counter-clockwise rotation counter-weight spindle nose I3-2 winds the rectangular curtain I3-1 on the outer surface of the counter-clockwise rotation counter-weight spindle nose I3-2, vertically and upwards reaches the middle 1/3 height range of the horizontal cornice front end face 2-3-1, and the rectangular curtain I3-1 on the counter-weight spindle nose I3-2 is adhered to the other side of the hot melt adhesive I3-3 in the range.

One surface of the upper short edge of a rectangular screen II 4-1 of the smoke-blocking drapery II 4 is fixed in the height range of the lower 1/3 of the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3, and the back surface of the upper short edge of the rectangular screen II 4-1 in the range is stuck with one surface of a hot-melt adhesive II 4-3;

the opposite side of the fixed part of the rectangular screen II 4-1 of the smoke-blocking drapery II 4 is horizontally connected with the elastic outer sleeve II 4-2-2 of the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 with equal length; and rotating the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 anticlockwise, winding the rectangular screen II 4-1 on the outer surface of the counterweight shaft head, vertically and upwards till the height range of lower 1/3 of the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice, and sticking the rectangular screen II 4-1 on the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 to the other surface of the hot melt adhesive II 4-3 in the range.

Along the length direction of terminal surface 2-3-1 before the level is corniced, a plurality of keeps off the cigarette drapery I3 and a plurality of keeps off the adjacent alternative arrangement of cigarette drapery II 4, and when guaranteeing several to keep off the vertical complete expansion of cigarette drapery I3 and several fender cigarette drapery II 4, every keeps off two vertical limits of cigarette drapery I3 rectangle drapery I3-1 overlap joint respectively and cover on rather than adjacent fender cigarette drapery II 4 rectangle drapery II 4-1 vertical limit.

An air supply main pipe 5-1 of an air supply system 5 is fixed at the intersection of the lower part 2-2 of the foundation wall and the horizontal cornice 2-3; a horizontal air supply branch pipe 5-2 of the air supply system 5 is fixed on the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3;

one end of a horizontal air supply branch pipe 5-2 is sequentially connected with an air supply elbow 5-3, a vertical air supply branch pipe 5-4 and an air supply nozzle 5-5 to form a set of air supply branch pipes, the other end of the horizontal air supply branch pipe 5-2 is vertically connected with an air supply main pipe 5-1, and meanwhile, the air supply nozzle 5-5 can vertically spray air downwards;

a water supply main pipe 6-1 of the water cooling system 6 is fixed on the upper surface of the tail end of the horizontal cornice 2-3.

One end of a horizontal water supply branch pipe 6-2 is sequentially connected with a water supply elbow 6-3, a vertical water supply branch pipe 6-4 and a spray head 6-5 to form a set of water cooling branch pipe, the other end of the horizontal water supply branch pipe 6-2 is vertically connected with a water supply main pipe 6-1, and meanwhile, the installation position of the spray head 6-5 is ensured to be slightly higher than the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3, enough horizontal distance is reserved between the installation position and the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice, the spraying direction is inclined downwards, and the spraying range at least covers the upper part to the middle upper part of the rectangular curtain I3-1 or the rectangular curtain II 4-1.

The permeable cover 8-1 of the water storage ditch 8 is covered above the ditch body 8-2, and the upper surface of the permeable cover is as high as the ground 7.

The refuge area indicator 9 is arranged on the ground 7, the upper surface of the refuge area indicator is as high as the ground 7, and the refuge area indicator is positioned in the horizontal projection coverage area of the non-horizontal cornice 2-3 and has a proper horizontal distance with the water storage ditch 8.

The refuge area illumination indicating mark 10 is arranged in the height range of 1/3 above the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3.

The evacuation guide mark 11 is arranged on the ground 7, the upper surface of the evacuation guide mark is as high as the ground 7, and the evacuation guide mark is positioned in the horizontal projection coverage area of the horizontal cornice 2-3 and has a proper horizontal distance with the water storage ditch 8.

The further continuous smoke-protection foundation wall 2 serves as a support structure, and the plane can be oval, circular or any polygon.

The clear distance between the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3 and the ground 7 is within the range of 2.0-3.0 m and is larger than the height of the airtight door 12 and the height of the evacuation door 13.

Furthermore, the rectangular curtain I3-1 and the rectangular curtain II 4-1 adopt A-level fireproof, waterproof and heat-insulating materials, and can be PTFE membrane materials. The width of the rectangular curtain I3-1, which is lapped and covered on the vertical edge of the adjacent rectangular curtain II 4-1, is not less than 0.1 m.

Further, when the rectangular screen I3-1 and the rectangular screen II 4-1 are completely unfolded, the clear distance between the counterweight shaft head I3-2 and the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 and the ground 7 is within the range of 0.5 m-0.7 m, the counterweight shaft head I3-2 comprises a counterweight rod I3-2-1 positioned in the core part and an elastic outer sleeve I3-2-2 wrapped on the periphery, and the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 comprises a counterweight rod II 4-2-1 positioned in the core part and an elastic outer sleeve II 4-2-2 wrapped on the periphery.

The further evacuation door 13 is equipped with an automatic overpressure relief device.

The smoke-proof foundation wall 2 is further formed by connecting an upper part 2-1 of the foundation wall, a lower part 2-2 of the foundation wall and an indoor horizontal cornice 2-3 to a node 2-4, a reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure with fire protection is adopted, the horizontal cornice 2-3 meets the requirement of 1.0h fire endurance limit, and the node 2-4 is guaranteed not to be damaged first.

The further nozzles 6-5 can adopt water curtain nozzles or water mist and fine water mist nozzles.

The direction indication functions in the indication mark 9 of the further refuge area and the evacuation guide mark 11 are realized by self-luminous belts with direction and indication marks.

Further, the counterweight rod I3-2-1 and the counterweight rod II 4-2-1 are metal round bars.

Further, the elastic coat I3-2-2 and the elastic coat II 4-2-2 adopt flame-retardant elastic materials.

Further, the hot-melt gel skin I3-3-2 and the hot-melt gel skin II 4-3-2 are made of PVC materials.

The distance between the adjacent horizontal air supply branch pipes 5-2 is within the range of 0.8 m-1.2 m.

And further blowing nozzles 5-5 are arranged at the half position of the extending length of the horizontal cornice 2-3.

Further comprises a temporary smoke-proof shelter space formed by enclosing a smoke-proof foundation wall 2, a smoke-proof curtain I3, a smoke-proof curtain II 4 and the ground 7.

The indication mark 9 of the further refuge area, the evacuation guide mark 11 and the part of the ground 7 belonging to the temporary smoke-proof refuge area are ensured not to be piled up with sundries and covered daily.

Further, when the plane enclosed by the smoke-proof foundation wall 2 is rectangular, the length of the short side of the smoke-proof foundation wall is not more than 60 m; when the plane is circular, the diameter should not exceed 80 m.

An operation method of an air-supported membrane structure fireproof structure based on personnel safety,

firstly, under the condition of fire:

step one, judging that a fire disaster occurs;

secondly, immediately electrifying the resistance wire I3-3-1 and the resistance wire II 4-3-1, heating and melting the hot-melting gel surface I3-3-2 and the hot-melting gel surface II 4-3-2, separating the rectangular curtain I3-1 which is rotatably stored on the counterweight shaft head I3-2 from the hot-melting paste I3-3, separating the rectangular curtain II 4-1 which is rotatably stored on the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 from the hot-melting paste II 4-3, vertically dropping the plurality of smoke-blocking draperies I3 and the plurality of smoke-blocking draperies II 4 to be completely unfolded under the action of the counterweight shaft head I3-2 and the counterweight shaft head II 4-2, the front end surface 2-3-1 of the horizontal cornice 2-3 along the smoke-proof foundation wall 2 and the ground 7 form a circle of temporary smoke-proof shelter space for people under fire around the periphery of the building. At the moment, the vertical edge of the rectangular screen I3-1 of the smoke-blocking pendant screen I3 is lapped and covered on the vertical edge of the rectangular screen II 4-1 of the adjacent smoke-blocking pendant screen II 4, so that a first barrier for preventing smoke from invading into a temporary smoke-proof refuge area and preventing fire flame from radiating and hurting people is formed;

thirdly, immediately starting the refuge area illumination indication mark 10 at the same time to provide illumination and refuge area distribution position indication for the personnel entering the temporary smoke-proof refuge space;

fourthly, simultaneously operating the fan at full load immediately to increase the air output of the air supply system 5, wherein air is intensively sprayed and supplied into the temporary smoke-proof refuge space through a circle of air supply main pipe 5-1, a plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes 5-2 and a plurality of air supply nozzles 5-5 on the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3, so that a second barrier for preventing smoke from invading the temporary smoke-proof refuge area is formed in a smoke-proof manner, and people in the refuge area can breathe fresh outdoor air;

fifthly, further judging the fire condition and the indoor use number,

when the fire grows slowly, the flame height is lower, the total amount of the comburent is not large, the smoke production amount is larger, and the number of people using the room is less, immediately executing the sixth step and optionally executing the eighth step;

when the fire grows rapidly, the flame height is high, the total amount of the comburent is large, and the number of people using the room is large, the seventh step and the eighth step are executed immediately;

sixthly, immediately guiding indoor people to gather to a temporary smoke-proof refuge area around the airtight door 12 through the refuge area indication mark 9, ensuring that all the people firstly enter the temporary smoke-proof refuge area, and then evacuating to the outdoor through the airtight door 12 according to the evacuation guide mark 11;

seventhly, guiding indoor people to gather to the temporary smoke-proof refuge area around the airtight door 12 and the evacuation door 13 through the refuge area indication mark 9 immediately, ensuring that all the people enter the temporary smoke-proof refuge area, and then evacuating to the outside through the airtight door 12 or the evacuation door 13 according to the evacuation guide mark 11;

and eighthly, immediately starting the water cooling system 6 at the same time, spraying high-pressure water on the upper parts to the middle upper parts of the rectangular curtain I3-1 and the rectangular curtain II 4-1 through a circle of water supply main pipe 6-1, a plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes 6-2 and a plurality of spray heads 6-5 on the top surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3, and dripping the water in a water storage ditch 8 on the ground 7 along the counterweight shaft head I3-2 and the counterweight shaft head II 4-2 in a manner of cooling to form a second barrier for preventing the fire flame body from radiating and hurting people.

Secondly, when strong wind and snow tear the air film roof:

firstly, judging that the gas film roof is partially torn;

secondly, immediately starting the refuge area illumination indication mark 10 to provide illumination and refuge area distribution position indication for the personnel entering the temporary smoke-proof refuge space;

thirdly, immediately operating the fan at full load to increase the air output of the air supply system 5, and intensively supplying air into the temporary smoke-proof refuge space through a circle of air supply main pipe 5-1, a plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes 5-2 and a plurality of air supply nozzles 5-5 on the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice 2-3;

fourthly, immediately guiding indoor personnel to gather to a nearby temporary smoke-proof refuge area through the refuge area indication mark 9;

fifthly, if the temporary smoke-proof refuge area is in a closed ring shape around the indoor periphery of the building, as shown in fig. 6, ensuring that all the people firstly enter the temporary smoke-proof refuge area, and then guiding all the indoor people to be evacuated to the outdoor through the airtight door 12 through the evacuation guide mark 11;

if the temporary smoke-proof refuge area is only arranged in a certain range around the airtight door 12 and the evacuation door 13 and is not connected into a closed ring shape along the indoor periphery of the building, as shown in fig. 8, all people are ensured to enter the temporary smoke-proof refuge area firstly, and then the indoor people are guided to be evacuated to the outdoor through the airtight door 12 or the evacuation door 13 nearby through the evacuation guide mark 11.

In FIG. 8, a smoke-proof foundation wall 2 and a general foundation wall 14 which are rectangular in plane and are connected end to end are built on the ground 7 as a supporting structure of the air film roof 1, the smoke-proof foundation wall 2 is arranged in a certain length range on the rectangular edge provided with the airtight door 12 and the evacuation door 13, the general foundation wall 14 is arranged in the rest length range on the rectangular edge, and the edge of the air film roof 1 is fixed on the top end surface 2-1-1 of the foundation wall of the corresponding upper part 2-1 of the foundation wall and the top surface of the general foundation wall 14. The arrangement range of the temporary smoke-proof refuge area is the same as that of the smoke-proof foundation wall 2, and the structures of a smoke-blocking curtain I3, a smoke-blocking curtain II 4, an air supply system 5, a water cooling system 6, a water storage ditch 8, a refuge area indicating mark 9, a refuge area lighting indicating mark 10 and an evacuation guiding mark 11 are in closed annular arrangement with the temporary smoke-proof refuge area around the indoor periphery of the building.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a fire prevention air-supported membrane structure based on personal safety, includes air film roofing (1), ground (7), airtight door (12) and sparse door (13), its characterized in that: the device also comprises a smoke-proof foundation wall (2), a smoke-blocking curtain I (3), a smoke-blocking curtain II (4), an air supply system (5), a water cooling system (6), a water storage channel (8), a refuge area indicator (9), a refuge area lighting indicator (10) and an evacuation guide indicator (11);

building a continuous smoke-proof foundation wall (2) with a rectangular plane as a supporting structure of the air film roof (1) on the ground (7), wherein the continuous smoke-proof foundation wall (2) is provided with a circle of continuous horizontal cornices (2-3) facing indoors, at least one airtight door (12) and at least one evacuation door (13) are installed, a circle of refuge area illumination indicating marks (10) are arranged along the upper part of the front end surface (2-3-1) of the horizontal cornices (2-3), a plurality of smoke-blocking droughts I (3) are fixed at intervals along the middle part of the front end surface (2-3-1) of the horizontal cornices (2-3), a hot-melting paste I (3-3) is adhered to the back corresponding to the fixed part of the rectangular curtain I (3-1) of each smoke-blocking drought I (3), and a core resistance wire I (3-3-1) of each hot-melting paste I (3) is wrapped on the hot-melting gel skin of the periphery (3-3-2);

the lower part of the front end face (2-3-1) of the horizontal cornice (2-3) between two adjacent smoke-blocking draperies I (3) is fixedly provided with a smoke-blocking drapery II (4), the back corresponding to the fixed part of the rectangular drapery II (4-1) of each smoke-blocking drapery II (4) is pasted with a hot-melt sticker II (4-3), and the core resistance wire II (4-3-1) of each hot-melt sticker II (4-3) is wrapped in the peripheral hot-melt gel skin II (4-3-2);

counter-clockwise rotating a counter weight shaft head I (3-2) of the smoke-blocking pendant curtain I (3), vertically and upwards winding a rectangular curtain I (3-1) on the outer surface of the counter weight shaft head I (3-2) until the height of a hot melt paste I (3-3), and sticking the rectangular curtain I (3-1) on the counter weight shaft head I (3-2) and the hot melt paste I (3-3) together;

rotating the counter weight shaft head II (4-2) of the smoke-blocking drapery II (4) anticlockwise, vertically winding the rectangular drapery II (4-1) upwards on the outer surface of the counter weight shaft head II (4-2) until the height of the hot melt sticker II (4-3), and sticking the rectangular drapery II (4-1) on the counter weight shaft head II (4-2) and the hot melt sticker II (4-3) together;

when a plurality of smoke-blocking pendants I (3) and a plurality of smoke-blocking pendants II (4) are completely unfolded vertically downwards, two vertical edges of a rectangular curtain I (3-1) of each smoke-blocking pendant I (3) are respectively lapped and covered on the vertical edge of the rectangular curtain II (4-1) of the adjacent smoke-blocking pendant II (4);

an air supply main pipe (5-1) of the air supply system (5) is fixed at an intersection angle between the lower part (2-2) of a circle of foundation wall and a horizontal cornice (2-3), one ends of a plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes (5-2) arranged at the bottom of the circle of horizontal cornice (2-3) at intervals are respectively and vertically connected with the air supply main pipe (5-1), the other ends of the plurality of horizontal air supply branch pipes (5-2) are connected with an air supply nozzle (5-5) through an air supply elbow (5-3), a vertical air supply branch pipe (5-4) to form an air supply branch pipe, and the air supply nozzle (5-5) can vertically spray downwards;

the water supply header pipe (6-1) of the water cooling system (6) is fixed on the upper surface of a circle of horizontal cornice (2-3), one ends of a plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes (6-2) which are arranged at intervals are vertically connected with the water supply header pipe (6-1), the other ends of the plurality of horizontal water supply branch pipes (6-2) are connected with one spray head (6-5) sequentially through a water supply elbow (6-3), a vertical water supply branch pipe (6-4) and the spray head (6-5) to form a set of water cooling branch, the spray direction of the spray head (6-5) is inclined downwards, and the spray range at least covers the upper part to the middle upper part of a rectangular curtain I (3-1) and a rectangular curtain II (4-1; a water storage ditch (8) is arranged on the ground (7) corresponding to the lower parts of the circle of the counterweight shaft heads I (3-2) and the counterweight shaft heads II (4-2), a permeable cover (8-1) of the water storage ditch (8) covers the upper part of the ditch body (8-2), and the upper surface of the permeable cover is as high as the ground (7);

a circle of refuge area indicating marks (9) are arranged on the ground (7) along the inner ring of the water storage channel (8), and the upper surface of the circle of refuge area indicating marks (9) is as high as the ground (7);

a plurality of evacuation guide marks (11) are arranged on the ground (7) along the outer ring of the water storage channel (8) at intervals, and the upper surfaces of the evacuation guide marks (11) are as high as the ground (7);

the air film roof (1) is arranged on the upper portion of the smoke-proof foundation wall (2), and the edge of the air film roof (1) is fixed on the top end face (2-1-1) of the foundation wall of the upper portion (2-1) of the foundation wall.

2. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the continuous smoke-proof foundation wall (2) is used as a supporting structure, and the plane is oval, circular or any polygon.

3. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clear distance between the bottom surface of the horizontal cornice (2-3) and the ground (7) is within the range of 2.0-3.0 m and is greater than the heights of the airtight door (12) and the evacuation door (13).

4. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rectangular curtain I (3-1) and the rectangular curtain II (4-1) adopt A-level fireproof, waterproof and heat-insulating materials, and the width of the vertical edge of the rectangular curtain I (3-1) in lap joint covering on the vertical edge of the adjacent rectangular curtain II (4-1) is not less than 0.1 m.

5. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the rectangular screen I (3-1) and the rectangular screen II (4-1) are completely unfolded, the clear distance between the counterweight shaft head I (3-2) and the counterweight shaft head II (4-2) and the ground (7) is within the range of 0.5 m-0.7 m, and the counterweight shaft head I (3-2) comprises a counterweight rod I (3-2-1) positioned in the core part and an elastic outer sleeve I (3-2-2) wrapped on the periphery; the counterweight shaft head II (4-2) comprises a counterweight rod II (4-2-1) positioned in the core part and an elastic outer sleeve II (4-2-2) wrapped on the periphery.

6. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the evacuation door (13) is provided with an automatic overpressure and pressure relief device.

7. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the smoke-proof foundation wall (2) is formed by connecting an upper part (2-1) of the foundation wall, a lower part (2-2) of the foundation wall and an indoor horizontal cornice (2-3) to a joint (2-4), a reinforced concrete structure or a metal structure with fire protection is adopted, the horizontal cornice (2-3) meets the requirement of 1.0h fire endurance limit, and the joint (2-4) is guaranteed not to be damaged firstly.

8. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spray heads (6-5) adopt water curtain spray heads or water mist and water mist spray heads.

9. A fire protection air bearing membrane structure based on personal safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the direction indication function in the refuge area indication mark (9) and the evacuation guide mark (11) is realized by adopting a self-luminous belt with direction and indication marks.

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