CN211771695U

CN211771695U - Composite fiber

Info

Publication number: CN211771695U
Application number: CN202020178229.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李景欣; 吴安福; 鲍良有; 王颖; 尹永爱
Original assignee: Li Ning China Sports Goods Co Ltd
Current assignee: Li Ning China Sports Goods Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-17
Filing date: 2020-02-17
Publication date: 2020-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-17

Abstract

The application discloses a composite fiber. The composite fiber comprises: the water-repellent coating comprises a water-repellent inner core and a hydrophilic coating layer arranged on the surface of the water-repellent inner core. The hydrophilic coating layer can quickly absorb moisture on the skin surface, but the inside of the composite fiber is a hydrophobic core, so that the absorbed moisture is difficult to be absorbed into the inside of the composite fiber. On the one hand can realize moisture through hydrophilic coating and inhale futilely fast like this, on the other hand because moisture can not absorb to composite fiber's inside, evaporation that can be very fast to solve the problem among the prior art.

Description

Composite fiber

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of polyester fibers, in particular to a composite fiber.

Background

POLYESTER FIBERS (PET) are one of the widely used synthetic FIBERS, and their excellent properties are widely popular in the fields of garment materials and the like. Particularly, along with the increasing requirements of people on the garment materials, the garment materials are required to have good water absorbability on certain specific occasions, so that moisture on the surface of the skin is quickly absorbed to achieve dryness of the skin, and meanwhile, the situation that the absorbed moisture cannot be quickly evaporated to enable the skin to feel stuffy and wet due to the fact that the water absorbability of the garment materials is too strong is also required to be prevented.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides a composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.

The embodiment of the present application provides a composite fiber, including: the water-repellent coating comprises a water-repellent inner core and a hydrophilic coating layer arranged on the surface of the water-repellent inner core.

Preferably, the composite fiber further comprises: and the heat preservation particles or the luminous particles are embedded in the hydrophilic coating layer.

Preferably, the composite fiber further comprises: and the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the hydrophilic coating layer.

Preferably, the hydrophobic inner core has a diameter of 5 to 25 microns.

Preferably, the diameter of the hydrophilic coating layer is 5-25 microns

The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:

by adopting the composite fiber provided by the embodiment of the application, the composite fiber comprises the hydrophobic inner core and the hydrophilic coating layer arranged on the surface of the hydrophobic inner core. The hydrophilic coating layer can quickly absorb moisture on the skin surface, but the inside of the composite fiber is a hydrophobic core, so that the absorbed moisture is difficult to be absorbed into the inside of the composite fiber. On the one hand can realize moisture through hydrophilic coating and inhale futilely fast like this, on the other hand because moisture can not absorb to composite fiber's inside, evaporation that can be very fast to solve the problem among the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite fiber provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method for preparing a composite fiber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown above, when polyester fiber is used as a garment material, it is necessary to have good water absorption property to quickly absorb water on the skin surface, and it is necessary to prevent the absorbed water from being evaporated quickly due to too strong water absorption property.

Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a composite fiber, which can solve the above technical problems. As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite fiber, the composite fiber 10 includes: a hydrophobic inner core 11 and a hydrophilic coating layer 12 arranged on the surface of the hydrophobic inner core 11.

The cross section of the composite fiber 10 may be circular, polygonal (triangular, square, etc.), or other shapes. Also, the hydrophobic core 11 may have a circular, polygonal, etc. cross-section.

For the cross sections of the composite fiber 10 and the hydrophobic inner core 11 are both circular, when the diameter of the composite fiber 10 is larger and the diameter of the hydrophobic inner core 11 is relatively smaller, the thickness of the hydrophilic coating layer 12 is larger, so that the composite fiber 10 has stronger hydrophilicity and weaker hydrophobicity; in contrast, when the diameter of the composite fiber 10 is small and the diameter of the hydrophobic core 11 is relatively large, the thickness of the hydrophilic coating layer 12 is thin, so that the composite fiber 10 is less hydrophilic and more hydrophobic. Therefore, in order to moderate both hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the composite fiber 10 as a whole, the diameter size of the composite fiber 10 needs to be matched with the diameter size of the hydrophobic core 11. For example, the diameter of the round composite fiber 10 (referred to as the diameter of the hydrophilic coating) may be: 5-25 microns, such as 5 microns, 8 microns, 10 microns, 12 microns, 15 microns, 17 microns, 20 microns, 23 microns, 25 microns, or other values between 5 microns and 25 microns. The diameter of the hydrophobic core 11 matched with the diameter can be as follows: 5-25 microns, such as 5 microns, 7 microns, 9 microns, 10 microns, 12 microns, 14 microns, 17 microns, 20 microns, 22 microns, 25 microns, or other values between 5 microns and 25 microns.

In addition, in order to make the garment material prepared from the composite fiber 10 have the functions of heat preservation (warm keeping), luminescence and the like, particles of corresponding functional materials can be added into the hydrophilic coating 12 of the composite fiber 10, so that the particles are embedded into the hydrophilic coating 12. For example, in order to make the garment material have a heat-insulating function, particles of a functional material (heat-insulating particles) may be added to the hydrophilic coating layer 12; alternatively, in order to make the garment material have a light emitting function, particles of a light emitting material (light emitting particles) may be added to the hydrophilic coating layer 12; or, particles of other modified materials are added in the hydrophilic coating layer 12, so that the prepared garment fabric has other functions.

In practical applications, in order to prevent the hydrophilic coating layer 12 from being damaged and affecting hydrophilicity, a protective layer may be further added on the surface of the hydrophilic coating layer 12, for example, the protective layer may be an acid-resistant layer made of an acid-resistant material, an acid-resistant layer made of an alkali-resistant material, or a heat-resistant layer made of a heat-resistant material.

With the composite fiber 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the composite fiber 10 includes a hydrophobic core 11 and a hydrophilic coating layer 12 disposed on the surface of the hydrophobic core. The hydrophilic coating layer 12 can quickly absorb moisture on the skin surface, but since the inside of the conjugate fiber 10 is the hydrophobic core 11, the absorbed moisture is hardly absorbed into the conjugate fiber 10. Thus, on the one hand, moisture can be quickly absorbed through the hydrophilic coating layer 12, and on the other hand, moisture can not be absorbed into the composite fiber 10, so that the moisture can be quickly evaporated, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

The embodiment of the present application may also provide a method for preparing a composite fiber, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:

step S21: bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate is produced by a second esterification reaction of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.

The ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid may be used in a molar ratio of greater than or equal to 2:1, such as a 3:1 molar ratio, to provide a more thorough reaction of the terephthalic acid. In addition, a certain amount of ethylene glycol antimony can be added into the reaction kettle as a catalyst for the second esterification reaction, wherein the dosage of the ethylene glycol antimony can be 5-700 ppm of the dosage of the terephthalic acid, and the ppm is parts per million (ppm).

For example, terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and antimony ethylene glycol can be fed into the reactor in the above-mentioned proportions to perform the second esterification reaction to produce bishydroxyethyl terephthalate. Meanwhile, a certain amount of stabilizer, such as triphenyl phosphite, can be added into the reaction kettle, and a certain amount of anhydrous sodium acetate can be added to serve as an ether-proof agent.

When the terephthalic acid, the ethylene glycol, the catalyst, the stabilizer, the ether inhibitor and the like are mixed, mechanical stirring can be carried out, the rotating speed of the mechanical stirring can be 60-240 r/min, and the time duration of the mechanical stirring can be 10-60 min.

Considering that side reactions in the organic reaction are more, especially the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, etc. generally affect the product, the reaction temperature for the second esterification reaction may be 220 ℃ to 240 ℃, such as 220 ℃, 225 ℃, 230 ℃, 235 ℃, 240 ℃ or other temperatures between 220 ℃ and 240 ℃; the reaction pressure may be 500KPa to 700KPa, such as 500KPa, 550KPa, 600KPa, 650KPa, 700KPa or other pressure between 500KPa and 700 KPa.

In addition, protective gas can be introduced into the reaction kettle, so that the interference of oxygen is prevented. Typically, the protective gas may be nitrogen, argon, etc., such as nitrogen gas introduced into the reaction vessel, thereby providing a nitrogen protective atmosphere.

Reaction termination conditions may also be preset for the second esterification reaction. For example, when the actual water output of the esterification reaction exceeds a first predetermined threshold, the reaction is terminated. Generally, the first predetermined threshold may be 95-98% of the theoretical water output.

Step S22: and carrying out first esterification reaction on the prepared dihydroxy ethyl terephthalate and the hydrophilic polymer of the target dihydric alcohol.

Wherein the target diol may be a diol having a carbon chain length of 10 or less. Examples of the solvent include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, heptylene glycol, octylene glycol, nonylene glycol, and sebacic glycol.

Since the carbon chain length of the target diol is less than or equal to 10, the ratio of hydroxyl groups in the carbon chain of the target diol is high, and therefore, more hydroxyl groups are included in the polymer produced by the target diol, so that the polymer has high hydrophilicity. In particular, when the proportion of hydroxyl groups in the target diol is higher, the proportion of hydroxyl groups in the polymer produced therefrom is also relatively higher, and hydrophilicity is better.

For example, the target diol may be ethylene glycol, and in this case, the hydrophilic polymer of the target diol is polyethylene glycol, and the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyethylene glycol is high, so that the polyethylene glycol has good hydrophilicity.

Usually, the polyethylene glycol may have a number average molecular weight of 400g/mol to 8000g/mol, that is, the polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 400g/mol to 8000g/mol is used as the hydrophilic polymer in step S22.

In addition, as polyethylene glycol is used as a hydrophilic polymer, the molecule of the polyethylene glycol also contains a large number of moisture-absorbing group ether bonds (-C-O-C-), and the polyethylene glycol has weak binding effect on moisture, so that the problem that the adsorbed moisture is strongly bound and is difficult to desorb is avoided.

The amount of the hydrophilic polymer added in the first esterification reaction may be 20 to 80% by mass of the terephthalic acid added in step S21, for example, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 46%, 55%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80% by mass or a value between 20% and 80% by mass of the terephthalic acid added in step S21.

For the first esterification reaction in step S22, a certain amount of catalyst may be added to the reaction kettle to accelerate the reaction speed. Wherein, the catalyst of the first esterification reaction can be zinc oxide nano-material, and the addition amount of the zinc oxide nano-material can be 0.01-0.1% of the mass of the terephthalic acid in the step S11, and the particle size of the zinc oxide nano-material can be 20-80 nm.

The zinc oxide nano material promotes the reaction of two reaction raw materials on one hand, and in addition, the nano particles can also play a role of a crystallization nucleating agent, so that the crystallization capacity of the prepared copolyester is improved, and the problems of difficult forming and the like caused by the reduction of the crystallization performance of the copolymer are solved.

For the reaction conditions of the first esterification reaction, the reaction temperature may be 220 ℃ to 260 ℃, for example, the reaction temperature is 220 ℃, 230 ℃, 240 ℃, 250 ℃, 260 ℃ or other temperatures between 220 ℃ and 260 ℃; the reaction pressure may be 10KPa to 50KPa, for example, the reaction pressure is 10KPa, 50KPa, 100KMPa, 150KPa, 300KPa, 500KPa or other pressure value between 10KPa and 500 KPa.

The predetermined reaction termination condition of the first esterification reaction may be that the reaction is terminated when the actual water yield of the first esterification reaction exceeds a second predetermined threshold. Typically, the second predetermined threshold may be 95-98% of the theoretical water output.

Step S23: and carrying out ester exchange polycondensation reaction on the product of the first esterification reaction and a second target dihydric alcohol.

Wherein, the two target dihydric alcohols can also be dihydric alcohols with the carbon chain length less than or equal to 10. Examples of the solvent include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, heptylene glycol, octylene glycol, nonylene glycol, and sebacic glycol.

Before the ester exchange polycondensation reaction, a certain amount of an ether inhibitor, such as anhydrous sodium acetate and the like, can be added into the reaction kettle, and the amount of the ether inhibitor can be 300-500 ppm of the amount of the terephthalic acid in the step S21. Of course, a certain amount of catalyst may be added to increase the reaction speed of the transesterification polycondensation reaction, wherein the amount of the catalyst may be 10 to 500ppm of the amount of the terephthalic acid used in the step S21. Generally, a titanium-based catalyst such as tetrabutyl titanate or titanium glycol, or an antimony-based catalyst such as antimony trioxide, antimony acetate or antimony glycol can be used as the catalyst. It is also possible to use a combination of several catalysts as the final catalyst, for example a mixture of tetrabutyl titanate and titanium glycol in a predetermined ratio as the final catalyst.

The reaction conditions of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction include that the reaction temperature can be 250-280 ℃ and the reaction pressure can be less than 100KPa, so that the product of the first esterification reaction and the second target dihydric alcohol are subjected to the ester exchange polycondensation reaction for 2-4 hours under the reaction conditions.

The product of the transesterification polycondensation reaction has an intrinsic viscosity, as measured, of about: 0.60-0.80 dL/g, the melting point is about 190-240 ℃, and the number average molecular weight is 18000-30000 g/mol. And after passing the test, the contact angle is 20-45 degrees, so the hydrophilic polyurethane coating has good hydrophilic performance.

Step S24: and (3) preparing the product of ester exchange polycondensation and the hydrophobic polyester material into the composite fiber by a composite spinning method.

The composite spinning method is adopted, the spinneret plate can be a skin-core spinneret plate, a hydrophobic polyester material is introduced from a feeding port of an inner core of the spinneret plate, and a product of ester exchange polycondensation reaction is introduced from a feeding port of a coating layer of the spinneret plate, so that the composite fiber is processed and prepared, and the composite fiber comprises a hydrophobic inner core and a hydrophilic coating layer arranged on the surface of the hydrophobic inner core.

The hydrophobic polyester material may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or the like.

In addition, in the composite fiber, the mass ratio of the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction to the hydrophobic polyester material may be 20: 80-50: 50, for example, 20:80, 25:75, 30:70, 35:65, 40:60, 50:50, or other mass ratios between 20:80 and 50: 50.

Before the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction and the hydrophobic polyester material are subjected to the conjugate spinning method in step S24 to produce the conjugate fiber, the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction in step S23 may be dried under vacuum conditions at about 135 ℃ to a water content of less than 40ppm, and the dried product and the hydrophobic polyester material may be subjected to the conjugate spinning method to produce the conjugate fiber.

After the composite fiber is prepared, the method can also comprise the step of preparing fabrics such as clothing fabrics and the like by using the composite fiber.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the prepared dihydroxy ethyl terephthalate and the hydrophilic polymer of the target dihydric alcohol are subjected to a first esterification reaction, then the product of the first esterification reaction and the second target dihydric alcohol are subjected to an ester exchange polycondensation reaction, and then the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction and the hydrophobic polyester material are prepared into the composite fiber through a composite spinning method.

In addition, in the composite fiber, because the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction and the hydrophobic polyester material are both polyester and have better thermodynamic compatibility, the bonding of the interface of the two can be realized in the composite process of the two, thus the stripping problem between the hydrophobic inner core and the hydrophilic coating layer in the back dyeing and finishing process of the composite fiber can be reduced, and the stability of the performance of the composite fiber is improved.

The following can be cited specific examples and comparative examples to explain the technical effects of the present application.

Comparative example:

the polyester fiber is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 16 hours, and then is placed at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 120 minutes, so that the moisture absorption rate reaches 0.6%.

The polyester fiber is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 16 hours, and then is placed at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 120 minutes, so that the moisture quick-drying rate reaches about 70%.

The main component of the polyester fiber is still mainly hydrophobic polyester material, the saturated water absorption rate is more than 200%, and the liquid quick-drying property is kept at the same level as that of the conventional polyester fiber.

Example 1:

in step S24, a composite fiber (referred to as composite fiber 1) is produced by a composite spinning method, wherein the mass ratio of the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction to the hydrophobic polyester material is 20: 80.

The composite fiber 1 is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 16 hours, then is placed at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 120 minutes, and the moisture absorption rate reaches 2.0%. Compared with the test data of the polyester fiber in the comparative example under the same test conditions, the moisture absorption rate of the composite fiber 1 is higher, which shows that the composite fiber 1 has rapid moisture adsorption capacity at the same time, and can realize rapid adsorption of moisture on the surface of human skin.

The composite fiber 1 is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 16 hours, then is placed at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 120 minutes, and the moisture quick-drying rate reaches over 90%. Compared with the test data of the polyester fiber in the comparative example under the same test conditions, the composite fiber 1 has excellent moisture absorption performance and excellent moisture desorption performance.

The main component of the composite fiber 1 is still mainly hydrophobic polyester material, the saturated water absorption rate is more than 200%, and the liquid quick-drying property is kept at the same level as that of the conventional polyester fiber.

Example 2:

in step S24, a composite fiber (referred to as composite fiber 2) is produced by a composite spinning method, wherein the mass ratio of the product of the ester exchange polycondensation reaction to the hydrophobic polyester material is 50: 50.

The composite fiber 2 is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 16 hours, then is placed at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 120 minutes, and the moisture absorption rate reaches 3.0%. Compared with the test data of the polyester fiber in the comparative example under the same test conditions, the moisture absorption rate of the composite fiber 2 is higher, which shows that the composite fiber 2 has rapid moisture adsorption capacity at the same time, and can realize rapid adsorption of moisture on the surface of human skin.

The composite fiber 2 is in a balanced state at 20 ℃ and 90 RH% for 16 hours, then is placed at 20 ℃ and 40 RH% for 120 minutes, and the moisture quick-drying rate also reaches more than 90%. The composite fiber 2 also exhibited excellent moisture desorption properties as compared to the test data for the polyester fiber of the comparative example under the same test conditions.

It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite fiber, comprising: the water-repellent coating comprises a water-repellent inner core and a hydrophilic coating layer arranged on the surface of the water-repellent inner core.

2. The composite fiber according to claim 1, further comprising: and the heat preservation particles or the luminous particles are embedded in the hydrophilic coating layer.

3. The composite fiber according to claim 1, further comprising: and the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the hydrophilic coating layer.

4. The composite fiber of claim 1, wherein said hydrophobic inner core has a diameter of 5 to 25 microns.

5. The composite fiber of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic coating has a diameter of 5 to 25 microns.