CN211763513U - Mechanical system of five-axis 3D printer based on fused deposition type - Google Patents
Mechanical system of five-axis 3D printer based on fused deposition type Download PDFInfo
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- CN211763513U CN211763513U CN201922103589.9U CN201922103589U CN211763513U CN 211763513 U CN211763513 U CN 211763513U CN 201922103589 U CN201922103589 U CN 201922103589U CN 211763513 U CN211763513 U CN 211763513U
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
The utility model provides a mechanical system of five 3D printers based on fused deposition type, including the guide rail mechanism who realizes X, Y, Z triaxial removal and the rotary mechanism that is used for accomplishing the A, C axle of rotating the work piece. The guide rail mechanism mainly relates to the design of a mechanical device of an XYZ three-axis moving module of a traditional three-axis printer, and the rotating mechanism is designed to the design of a mechanical device of a three-dimensional turntable, and the device can realize the rotation of the turntable about A, C two axes. The utility model discloses effectively solved support that traditional 3D printer exists too much, print the precision low, support material is difficult to handle and transmission performance characteristics such as poor, have characteristics such as the structure is light, the installation is simple, positioning accuracy is high and continuous operation time is long moreover. This five-axis 3D printer prints complicated work piece under the condition that does not adopt the support, has not only improved manufacturing accuracy, has still greatly enlarged 3D printer's range of application, has improved economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3D prints, especially, relate to a five-axis 3D printing device and mechanical structure based on fused deposition modeling.
Background
The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) -based 3D printing technology is one of the traditional printing technologies in the 3D printing field, and is popular with numerous device developers and users because the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) -based 3D printing technology is simple in principle and easy to implement, and can be used for printing various complex physical models and artware. However, in the FDM printer in the market at present, a two-axis and one-half molding process is adopted, that is, an X axis and a Y axis are linked, and a vertical axis Z is used for feeding in stages. When the forming device and the forming process are used for printing complex workpieces, a large amount of supports other than the workpieces are required to be added, and the removal of the supports not only consumes a large amount of working hours, but also affects the quality of the workpieces. However, there are devices for connecting the nozzle to the multi-degree-of-freedom robot arm, which have the disadvantage that the printing material is liable to flow in the molten state when the nozzle is not parallel to the vertical axis Z, thereby affecting the quality of the workpiece. In addition, in the colleges and universities, the printing workbench is arranged on the mechanical arm, the printing effect of the device is better than that of the former device in terms of liquid material flowing, but the positioning accuracy of the mechanical arm is generally not higher than that of the lead screw-sliding table device. Therefore, the five-axis FDM printer designed based on the traditional five-axis milling equipment has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem that the multiaxis printing can not be realized that current FDM type three-dimensional inkjet printer exists, the utility model provides a mechanical system of five 3D printers based on fused deposition type, the main part scheme is as follows: the system mainly comprises a guide rail mechanism for realizing X, Y, Z three-axis movement and a rotary mechanism for completing A, C axes of rotating a workpiece.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a mechanical system of a five-axis 3D printer based on a fused deposition type comprises a guide rail mechanism for realizing the axial movement of a spinning mechanism X, Y, a square frame for placing a heating hot bed, a guide rail mechanism for realizing the Z-axis movement of the square frame and a rotating mechanism for realizing the axial rotation of the square frame A, C.
Furthermore, the guide rail mechanism for realizing Z-axis movement of the square frame comprises four Z-axis guide rails and two Z-axis ball screws, and Z-axis guide rail sliders are arranged on the two Z-axis ball screws; the two sides of the square frame are connected with the supporting seat through flanges, the bottom of the supporting seat is connected with a horizontal plate, four Z-axis guide rails are respectively provided with a guide rail connecting plate, the horizontal plate is placed on the guide rail connecting plate, the side face of the supporting seat is connected with a Z-axis guide rail sliding block, one end of a Z-axis ball screw is connected with the printer bottom rack through a bearing base, the other end of the Z-axis ball screw is connected with a Z-axis stepping motor output shaft fixed on the top rack of the printer through a coupling, the Z-axis stepping motor drives the horizontal plate to move in the Z-axis direction.
Furthermore, a three-dimensional rotary table is arranged below the heating hot bed, the three-dimensional rotary table is arranged on the square frame, and an A-axis stepping motor is arranged at the bottom of the three-dimensional rotary table and can drive the three-dimensional rotary table to rotate in the A-axis direction.
Furthermore, a leveling plate is placed on the three-dimensional rotary table, the three-dimensional rotary table can be located at a horizontal position by using a level gauge after the leveling plate is fixed so as to ensure that the square frame is located at an absolute zero position, four leveling screws are arranged at four corners of the leveling plate and connected to the heating hot bed, the heating hot bed is adjusted by the leveling screws to be located at an optimal position, and the position can be used for aligning the Z axis before printing.
Furthermore, one side of the square frame is connected with a reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox is fixed on a Z-axis ball screw through a Z-axis guide rail sliding block, the reduction gearbox is further connected with a C-axis stepping motor, the C-axis stepping motor drives the square frame to rotate in the A-axis direction, and the reduction gearbox is used for controlling the rotation speed of the square frame and preventing the workpiece from being biased.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses effectively solved support that traditional 3D printer exists too much, print the precision low, support material is difficult to handle and transmission performance characteristics such as poor, have the advantage such as the structure is light, the installation is simple, positioning accuracy is high and continuous operation time is long moreover. This five-axis 3D printer prints complicated work piece under the condition that does not adopt the support, has not only improved manufacturing accuracy, has still greatly enlarged 3D printer's range of application, has improved economic benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1-Printer main view;
FIG. 2-side view of the printer;
FIG. 3-Printer top view;
FIG. 4-Printer perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5-Printer perspective view FIG. 2;
FIG. 6-A, C Axis and print platform views;
FIG. 7-X, Y axial view;
FIG. 8-Z-axis drive view;
FIG. 9-perspective view of the platform gantry.
Wherein, each part that figure 1 ~ 3 show is as follows: 1-Y axis stepping motor, 2-4040 aluminum profile, 3-synchronous belt, 4-Z axis stepping motor, 5-X axis stepping motor, 6-printer frame, 7-horizontal test block, 8-synchronous pulley, 9-bearing base, 10-right angle iron, 11-ground foot, 12-electrical cabinet, 13-guide rail connecting plate, 14-horizontal metal plate, 15-aluminum alloy support base, 16-square frame, 17-square flange, 18-adjusting screw, 19-leveling aluminum plate, 20-heating bed, 21-three-dimensional turntable, 22-X axis optical axis guide rail, 23-horizontal beam, 24-motor support base, 25-rectangular support, 26-coupler, 27-X axis limit switch, 28-L type aluminum alloy plate, 29-square connector, 30-reduction box, 31-C axis stepping motor, 32-guide rail slide block, 33-A axis stepping motor, 34-Z axis optical axis guide rail, 35-Y-axis optical axis guide rail, 36-Y-axis limit switch, 37-filament extruding stepping motor, 38-cooling fan, 39-throat pipe, 40-nozzle, 41-ball screw, 42-horizontal base and 43-Z-axis limit switch.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the invention discloses a mechanical system of a five-axis 3D printer based on an FDM fused deposition type. Four square bearing bases 9 are fixed on 4040 aluminium alloy 2 of the fore-and-aft direction (Y direction) at the printer top, fixed synchronous pulley 8 on the square bearing base 9, two Y axle step motor 1 in the dead ahead support on 4040 aluminium alloy 2 through rectangle support 25, the output shaft of motor runs through in connecting the synchronous pulley 8 of 9 on the bearing frame, Y axle step motor 1's output shaft can drive synchronous pulley 8's rotation and then control synchronous belt 3's removal, the synchronous belt of both sides passes through right angle bar 10 and fixes with the crossbeam 23 of X axle direction, synchronous belt 3's removal can drive the removal of whole guide rail mechanism in the Y direction.
Two X-axis stepping motors 5 are fixed on the beam 23 in the left and right directions (X directions) in the same way as the Y-axis stepping motor 1 is fixed, a synchronous belt 3 is driven by a synchronous belt wheel 8 to move, the synchronous belt 3 is fixed with an L-shaped aluminum alloy plate 28, and the L-shaped aluminum alloy plate 28 is connected with a square connecting piece 29 of a spinning system through threads.
One side of square frame is connected with aluminum alloy supporting seat 15 through square flange 17, horizontal metal sheet 14 is connected to the bottom of aluminum alloy supporting seat 15, horizontal metal sheet 14 is supporting whole print platform, horizontal metal sheet 14 is supported by guide rail connecting plate 13, Z axle guide rail slider 32 is connected to the side of aluminum alloy supporting seat 15, Z axle ball 41 one side is connected through square bearing base 9 with printer bottom frame, one side is connected through shaft coupling 26 with the 4 output shafts of Z axle step motor who fixes in printer top frame, thereby Z axle step motor 4 drives horizontal metal sheet 14 and moves in the Z direction.
The three-dimensional rotary table 21 is mounted on the square frame 16, and an a-axis stepping motor 33 is mounted at the bottom of the three-dimensional rotary table 21 and can drive the three-dimensional rotary table 21 to rotate in the a-axis direction (an axis parallel to the Z direction). A leveling aluminum plate 19 is placed on the rotary table, after the leveling aluminum plate 19 is fixed, a three-dimensional rotary table 21 can be in a horizontal position by a level gauge to ensure that the square frame is in an absolute zero position, four leveling screws 18 are arranged at four corners of the aluminum plate and connected to a heating heat bed 20, and the leveling screws 18 adjust the heating heat bed 20 to be in an optimal position which can be used for aligning a Z axis before printing.
The other side of the square frame 16 is connected with a reduction gearbox 30, the reduction gearbox 30 is fixed on a ball screw 41 through a Z-axis guide rail sliding block 32, the reduction gearbox 30 is further connected with a C-axis stepping motor 31, the motor 31 drives the square frame 16 to rotate in the A-axis direction, and the reduction gearbox 30 is used for controlling the rotation speed of the square frame 16 and preventing the workpiece from being biased.
Two horizontal test blocks 7 are respectively placed at diagonal positions on a 4040 aluminum profile 2 at the top of the printer, and the horizontal test blocks 7 are measured and calibrated to be ensured to be at a horizontal position during installation, so that the test device plays an extremely important role in later positioning. When level gauges are placed on the horizontal test blocks 7 located at diagonal positions, respectively, it is possible to observe whether the chassis of the printer is horizontal. Whole printing device places in ground through lower margin 11, and the length of lower margin 11 can be adjusted through corresponding nut, consequently can guarantee the frame level through the nut of observing the spirit level and adjusting each lower margin.
And when the upper computer reads the G instruction, the G instruction is transmitted to the control system, and the control system drives the mechanical system to move. When the extruding stepping motor 37 is in a normal position, the zero point of the X axis and the zero point of the Y axis are returned after receiving the command. The X-axis stepping motor 5 can firstly work after receiving an instruction, the wire extruding stepping motor 37 is driven to slide on the X-axis fixed guide rail 22 through the action of the synchronous belt 3, the X-axis limit switch 27 is arranged on the right side of the X-axis fixed guide rail 22, and when the L-shaped aluminum alloy plate 28 of the fixed wire extruding stepping motor 37 touches the X-axis limit switch 27, the X-axis returns to the original point; at this time, the spinning system starts to return to zero in the Y-axis direction, the Y-axis stepping motor 1 starts to work, the output shaft of the Y-axis stepping motor 1 rotates to enable the coupler 26 to drive the synchronous belt pulley 8 to rotate, so that the synchronous belt 3 is driven to move, the Y-axis synchronous belt 3 is fixedly connected with the horizontal beam 23, and then the beam 23 and the guide rail 22 thereof are driven to integrally advance until the horizontal beam 23 touches the Y-axis limit switch 36.
The rotating mechanism has A, C three degrees of freedom, and the sequence of zero resetting is C axis first and A axis later. The three-dimensional rotary table 21 is fixed on the square frame 16, and output shafts at two ends of the square frame 16 are fixed on the square flanges to realize rotation. The C-axis stepping motor 31 starts to operate after the Y-axis returns to the origin, drives the square frame to rotate, and stops until the square frame is rotated to the horizontal position. Then the three-dimensional turntable returns to the original point, the turntable 21 returns to the original point under the driving of the A-axis stepping motor 33, and the heating hot bed 20 is connected with the leveling aluminum plate 19 through the adjusting screw 18, so that the leveling of the printing platform is adjusted after the A and C axes return to zero.
When all the other axes return to zero, the Z-axis stepping motor 4 completes the final zero return operation. The Z-axis zeroing is based on one of the guide rail connecting plates 13 touching the Z-axis limit switch 43. The workbench is fixedly connected to the guide rail 34 through a guide rail connecting plate 13, an aluminum alloy supporting seat 15 fixed on the horizontal metal plate 14 is fixedly connected to a ball screw 41, and the Z-axis double-step motor 4 drives the ball screw 41 to enable the workbench to move up and down. When the Z axis returns to zero, the whole machine returns to the zero point of the machine tool, and the workpiece can be taken down and the power supply is turned off.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. A mechanical system of a five-axis 3D printer based on a fused deposition type comprises a guide rail mechanism for realizing the axial movement of a spinning mechanism X, Y, and is characterized by further comprising a square frame for placing a heating hot bed, a guide rail mechanism for realizing the Z-axis movement of the square frame and a rotating mechanism for realizing the A, C-axis rotation of the square frame.
2. The mechanical system of the five-axis 3D printer based on the fused deposition type is characterized in that the guide rail mechanism for realizing the Z-axis movement of the square frame comprises four Z-axis guide rails, two Z-axis ball screws and Z-axis guide rail sliders; the two sides of the square frame are connected with the supporting seat through flanges, the bottom of the supporting seat is connected with a horizontal plate, four Z-axis guide rails are respectively provided with a guide rail connecting plate, the horizontal plate is placed on the guide rail connecting plate, the side face of the supporting seat is connected with a Z-axis guide rail sliding block, one end of a Z-axis ball screw is connected with the printer bottom rack through a bearing base, the other end of the Z-axis ball screw is connected with a Z-axis stepping motor output shaft fixed on the top rack of the printer through a coupling, the Z-axis stepping motor drives the horizontal plate to move in the Z-axis direction.
3. The mechanical system of a five-axis 3D printer based on a fused deposition model as claimed in claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional turntable is arranged below the heating hot bed, the three-dimensional turntable is arranged on a square frame, and an A-axis stepping motor is arranged at the bottom of the three-dimensional turntable and can drive the three-dimensional turntable to rotate in the A-axis direction.
4. The mechanical system of five-axis 3D printer based on fused deposition type as claimed in claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional turntable is placed with a leveling plate, the leveling plate can be fixed to make the three-dimensional turntable in horizontal position by a level gauge to ensure that the square frame is in absolute zero position, four corners of the leveling plate are connected with four leveling screws, and the leveling screws adjust the heating bed to be in the optimal position, which can be used for Z-axis tool setting before printing.
5. The mechanical system of the five-axis 3D printer based on the fused deposition type as claimed in claim 2, wherein one side of the square frame is connected with a reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox is fixed on a Z-axis ball screw through a Z-axis guide rail slider, the reduction gearbox is further connected with a C-axis stepping motor, the C-axis stepping motor drives the square frame to rotate in the A-axis direction, and the reduction gearbox is used for controlling the rotation speed of the square frame and preventing a workpiece from being offset.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922103589.9U CN211763513U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Mechanical system of five-axis 3D printer based on fused deposition type |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922103589.9U CN211763513U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Mechanical system of five-axis 3D printer based on fused deposition type |
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| CN211763513U true CN211763513U (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112620657A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-09 | 北京石油化工学院 | Metal 3D prints objective table external drive high temperature seal box |
| CN114379078A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Sand-supported 3D printing method, equipment and control system |
| CN114506074A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 西安理工大学 | Five-axis support-removing printer for vibration asymmetric distributed granule conveying |
| CN114985772A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-02 | 临沂大学 | Micro-nano electronic manufacturing-based complex curved surface printing device and forming method |
| CN115673345A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-02-03 | 昆明理工大学 | 3D printing device with cradle type five-axis printing platform |
-
2019
- 2019-11-29 CN CN201922103589.9U patent/CN211763513U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112620657A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-09 | 北京石油化工学院 | Metal 3D prints objective table external drive high temperature seal box |
| CN114379078A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Sand-supported 3D printing method, equipment and control system |
| CN114506074A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 西安理工大学 | Five-axis support-removing printer for vibration asymmetric distributed granule conveying |
| CN114985772A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-02 | 临沂大学 | Micro-nano electronic manufacturing-based complex curved surface printing device and forming method |
| CN115673345A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-02-03 | 昆明理工大学 | 3D printing device with cradle type five-axis printing platform |
| CN115673345B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-05-10 | 昆明理工大学 | 3D printing device with cradle type five-axis printing platform |
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