CN211758466U - Additive manufacturing system - Google Patents
Additive manufacturing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211758466U CN211758466U CN202020062832.7U CN202020062832U CN211758466U CN 211758466 U CN211758466 U CN 211758466U CN 202020062832 U CN202020062832 U CN 202020062832U CN 211758466 U CN211758466 U CN 211758466U
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- NGONBPOYDYSZDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ar].[W] Chemical compound [Ar].[W] NGONBPOYDYSZDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The present application provides an additive manufacturing system. The additive manufacturing system comprises: a plurality of delivery conduits respectively coupled to a source of material; a blender to which the plurality of delivery tubes are coupled, the blender configured to mix powder material fed through the plurality of delivery tubes in real time during additive manufacturing; and a nozzle to which the mixer is coupled via a supply conduit, the nozzle being configured to deliver the mixed material onto a substrate for additive manufacturing, wherein each of the plurality of delivery conduits is configured to enable a change in a delivery amount or a delivery rate of the powder material in real time. The additive manufacturing system can adjust the material components or the proportion thereof in real time to meet different performance requirements of different parts of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of materials processing, and in particular, to additive manufacturing systems that utilize heat sources such as lasers and arcs for additive manufacturing to form products.
Background
The high-entropy alloy is formed by alloying a plurality of material elements (usually 5 or more than 5 material elements) in a certain proportion, wherein the content of each material element is between 5% and 35%, and thus the high-entropy alloy has a mixing entropy higher than the melting entropy of the conventional alloy. The high-entropy alloy has excellent performances such as high strength, high hardness, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance, high heat resistance, high resistance and the like which cannot be compared with the traditional alloy. The properties of the high-entropy alloy can be changed by changing the material elements or the proportion thereof.
In manufacturing high entropy alloy products, for example by existing additive manufacturing methods, the material elements are mixed together in proportions and then the additive manufacturing system is turned on to process the constant proportions of mixed material elements to form the final product. In this conventional additive manufacturing method, since the mixing step is performed before the additive manufacturing is started, the material elements or the proportions thereof cannot be changed in real time or precisely during the additive manufacturing, and thus only a product having uniform properties can be manufactured, and a high-entropy alloy product having a functional gradient that meets specific requirements, that is, an alloy product having gradually changing properties such as material strength, cannot be manufactured. In addition, the raw materials that are well mixed but not used up are also wasted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
It is an object of the present invention to provide an additive manufacturing system that is capable of changing the amount of powder material in real time and/or accurately.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an additive manufacturing system is provided. The additive manufacturing system comprises: a plurality of delivery conduits respectively coupled to a source of material; a blender to which the plurality of delivery tubes are coupled, the blender configured to mix different kinds of powder materials supplied with a gas stream via the plurality of delivery tubes in real time during additive manufacturing; and a nozzle to which the mixer is coupled via a supply conduit, the nozzle being configured to deliver the mixed material onto a substrate for additive manufacturing, wherein each of the plurality of delivery conduits is configured to enable a change in a delivery amount or a delivery rate of the powder material in real time.
In the additive manufacturing system of the present disclosure, since the plurality of delivery pipes are coupled to the mixer and the mixer is coupled to the nozzle, the powder material may be supplied with the inert gas and mixed in real time. An inert gas such as helium or argon is fed together with the powder material, and the feeding amount of the powder material can be changed by changing the feeding speed of the powder material by changing the speed of the inert gas. As such, the additive manufacturing system of the present disclosure may provide flexibility in material supply, e.g., the supplied powder material or the proportion thereof may be changed in real time, thereby enabling different performance requirements of different parts of the product to be met.
In some examples of an additive manufacturing system, the nozzle has an inner wall and an outer wall with an annular space formed therebetween to receive a mixed material.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing system, further comprising a laser or an arc welding device for melting the mixed material, wherein the inner wall of the nozzle is configured to allow passage of a laser of the laser or an electrode of the arc welding device.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing system, the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are coaxially arranged. This arrangement makes it easy to make the mixed material concentric with the heat source, whereby the product quality can be improved.
In some examples of an additive manufacturing system, each of the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle comprises a cylindrical section and/or a conical section.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing system, further comprising a controller that enables real-time control of a delivery amount or a delivery speed of the powder material in each of the plurality of delivery pipes.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing system, further comprising a heating device to heat the substrate and/or mixed material.
Other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following non-limiting detailed description.
Drawings
Features and advantages of one or more embodiments of the present invention will become more readily understood from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an additive manufacturing system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and
fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of additive manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. The following detailed description of the invention is merely for purposes of illustration and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an additive manufacturing system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Additive manufacturing system 10 in fig. 1 uses a laser as a heat source and may therefore also be referred to herein as a laser additive manufacturing system. As shown in fig. 1, the additive manufacturing system 10 includes a plurality of delivery pipes PF1 to PF6 for delivering raw materials, a mixer 110, a supply pipe 112, a nozzle 120, a laser 130, an optical device 132, a substrate S, and heaters H1 and H2.
A plurality of delivery pipes PF 1-PF 6 couple a material source (not shown) to the mixer 110 for feeding material from the material source into the mixer 110. Delivery conduits PF 1-PF 6 may be coupled to different sources of material, or some of delivery conduits PF 1-PF 6 may be coupled to the same source of material (e.g., a source of material having a greater content demand to meet the required amount), as desired. The transfer pipes PF1 to PF6 may be used for transferring metallic powder material.
Gas supply means may be provided at the delivery pipes PF1 to PF6 of the powder material to supply an inert gas, such as helium or argon, into the powder material so that the inert gas carries the powder material into the mixer 110.
Each delivery conduit of the plurality of delivery conduits PF 1-PF 6 may be configured to enable real-time changes in the delivery amount or rate of delivery of material during additive manufacturing. For example, the conveying speed of the powder material may be changed by changing the flow rate of the inert gas, thereby changing the conveying amount of the powder material. Alternatively, valves may be provided in the delivery conduits PF1 to PF6 to control the opening or closing of the delivery conduits, or the degree of opening to control the delivery rate. In further embodiments, the material conveying speed may be changed in real time by controlling the rotational speed of a screw propeller installed in the conveying pipe.
The feed rate of the material may be in the range of, for example, 0g/min to 20 g/min. The feed rate of the material can be adjusted in real time according to model data of the product to be processed to manufacture a functionally graded high entropy alloy product.
The mixer 110 is coupled to a nozzle 120 via a supply conduit 112. During additive manufacturing, the various materials delivered via delivery conduits PF1 to PF6 were mixed in real time in blender 110. The material MM mixed in the mixer 110 is fed into the nozzle 120 via the feed pipe 112. The mixer may be implemented as various existing mixing devices, such as a helical mixing device or the like.
The nozzle 120 is configured to discharge the mixed material MM mixed in the mixer 110 and fed via the feed pipe 112 onto the substrate S moving relative to the nozzle for additive manufacturing, see the material layer ML in the figure.
In the example of fig. 1, the nozzle 120 has an inner wall 124 and an outer wall 122. An annular space is formed between the inner wall 124 and the outer wall 122 to receive the mixed material MM. The interior space defined by the inner wall 124 may allow the laser beam 134 to pass through. The lower end of the outer wall 122 may be provided with an opening 121 to lay the mixed material MM in the annular space on the substrate S. The mixed material MM coming out of the opening 121 surrounds the laser beam 134 so that the mixed material MM can be uniformly melted by heat. In other words, the mixed material MM coming out of the opening 121 can accurately fall into the effective heat source region.
The inner wall 124 and the outer wall 122 of the nozzle 120 may be coaxially arranged, i.e., the central axis of the inner wall 124 coincides with the central axis of the outer wall 122. In the example of fig. 1, the inner wall 124 of the nozzle 120 is generally conical. The outer wall 122 has a cylindrical section 122a and a conical section 122 b. The lower end of the tapered section 122b forms an opening 121. The tapered section 122b may shrink the laser plasma, shrink the powder beam current, shrink the range of the shielding gas, thereby increasing the heat source energy density. It should be understood that the shape of the nozzle 120 is not limited to the specific example illustrated, but may be varied according to particular needs.
The laser beam 134 generated by the laser 130 is irradiated onto the material layer ML after passing through the optical device 132 and the inner space within the inner wall 124, and the mixed material is melted at the irradiation position to form the melt pool MP.
The supplied mixed material may be heated and/or maintained at a temperature within a predetermined range, such as 50 ℃ to 250 ℃, by heater H1 before or during additive manufacturing. A heater H1 may be provided on the supply duct 112 to be heated as the mixed material passes through the supply duct 112. The temperature gradient between the mixed material and the melting temperature thereof can be reduced by providing the heater H1, thereby improving the quality of the molded product.
The substrate S may be heated by a heater H2 before, during, or after additive manufacturing. Further, the substrate S may heat the material layer ML and/or maintain the temperature within a predetermined range, for example, 100 to 300 ℃. The heater H2 may be provided on one side (lower side in the drawing) of the substrate S. Stress deformation and the like of the high-entropy alloy product can be reduced by providing the heater H2.
Heater H1 and heater H2 constitute the heating means described herein. The heating device may be a resistive heating device or an electromagnetic heating device. It will be appreciated that the heating means may also be any other suitable heating means, for example an electron beam.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an additive manufacturing system 20 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Additive manufacturing system 20 uses an electric arc as a heat source and thus may also be referred to herein as an electric arc additive manufacturing system. Like parts of the additive manufacturing system 20 of fig. 2 to the additive manufacturing system 10 of fig. 1 are denoted by like reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. Next, the different parts of additive manufacturing system 20 of fig. 2 from additive manufacturing system 10 of fig. 1 will be described in detail.
The nozzle 120 of the additive manufacturing system 10 of fig. 1 is positioned such that the laser beam 134 is substantially perpendicular to the material layer ML, while the nozzle 220 of the additive manufacturing system 20 of fig. 2 is at an acute angle relative to the material layer ML, the angled arrangement facilitating the arcing of the tungsten electrode while avoiding excessive burning of the tungsten electrode and nozzle by the arc. It will be appreciated that the orientation of the nozzle may vary depending on the particular additive manufacturing process.
Next, an additive manufacturing method implemented by an additive manufacturing system according to the present application is described with reference to fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, the model data and/or the control parameters of the product to be manufactured are first stored or loaded in the storage unit of the controller (step S10). The step S10 may be performed before the material is conveyed from the material source to control the conveyance amount and conveyance speed of the material according to the loaded data. The heater H2 is activated to preheat the substrate S (step S20). The respective materials are conveyed through the conveying pipes PF1 to PF6 and mixed in the mixer 110 to form a desired mixed material (step S30). The heater H1 is activated to heat the mixed material supplied via the supply pipe 112 (step S40), for example, to 50 to 250 ℃. In the case where the heat source is a welding bug, the shielding gas device is turned on to pass the shielding gas through the nozzle at a certain rate (step S50). A heat source (e.g., laser 130 or welding bug 230) is activated for additive manufacturing (step S60). Parameters of the heat source (e.g., for a laser, these parameters include laser power, spot size, scan speed, etc.) may be preset based on stored model data of the product, or may be adjusted in real time based on the model data. During additive manufacturing, the material or its supply is adjusted in real time according to model data to produce a high entropy alloy product of the required functional gradient (step S70). After additive manufacturing is complete, the delivery and supply of material may be stopped, the heat source, shielding gas devices, heating devices, and the like may be turned off. The heater H2 may be turned off when the temperature of the substrate S falls below 100 ℃, thereby reducing stress deformation of the high entropy alloy product.
Fig. 3 shows only one example of an additive manufacturing method according to the present application. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific example shown in fig. 3. In case of non-contradictory method steps, the order of execution of some steps may be changed, or a certain step may be omitted, or other steps may be added. For example, the heating steps S20 and S40 may continue the entire additive manufacturing process, or be performed only intermittently when needed. The step S50 of supplying the shielding gas may be omitted according to various heat sources.
The controller of the present invention may be implemented as a processor in a computer. The methods of additive manufacturing described herein may be implemented by one or more computer programs executed by a computer processor. The computer program includes processor-executable instructions stored on a non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium. The computer program may also include stored data. Non-limiting examples of non-transitory tangible computer readable media are non-volatile memory, magnetic storage devices, and optical storage devices.
The term computer-readable medium does not include transitory electrical or electromagnetic signals propagating through a medium (e.g., on a carrier wave); the term computer readable medium may thus be considered tangible and non-transitory. Non-limiting examples of non-transitory tangible computer-readable media are non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, or mask read-only memory), volatile memory (e.g., static random access memory circuit or dynamic random access memory), magnetic storage media (e.g., analog or digital tape or hard drive), and optical storage media (e.g., CD, DVD, or blu-ray disc).
As described above, an additive manufacturing method is provided. The additive manufacturing method comprises the following steps: delivering different kinds of powder material from a material source to a blender via a plurality of delivery pipes, respectively; mixing powder materials in the blender in real time; and transporting the mixed material with the air flow to a substrate for additive manufacturing via the nozzle, wherein the transporting the powder material via the plurality of transport pipes comprises changing a transport amount or a transport speed of the powder material in real time.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, the method further comprises the step of loading product manufacturing data and control parameters to the controller prior to conveying the powder material from the material source, to control the conveying amount and the conveying speed of the powder material in accordance with the loaded data.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, further comprising the step of melting the mixed material by a laser or an arc welding device.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, the method further comprises providing a shielding gas to an electrode of the arc welding device during melting of the mixed material by the arc welding device.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, in a case where the mixed material is melted by a laser, the nozzle and a beam of the laser are perpendicular to the substrate or at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate, and the mixed material is discharged onto the substrate around the laser beam.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, the nozzle and an electrode of the arc welding device are at an angle to the substrate with the mixed material melted by the arc welding device, and the mixed material is discharged onto the substrate around the electrode.
In some examples of the additive manufacturing method, further comprising heating the substrate and/or the mixed material by a heating device during the manufacturing process. Therefore, the temperature gradient between the powder material and the molten pool can be reduced, the temperature gradient is reduced, and the molding quality of the additive manufacturing structural part is improved.
The additive manufacturing method according to the present application may have the same or similar technical effects as the additive manufacturing system described above.
Further, a computer readable medium is provided. The computer readable medium has stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor of a control unit, implements an additive manufacturing method as described above.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments/examples described and illustrated in detail herein, and that various changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An additive manufacturing system, comprising:
a plurality of delivery conduits respectively coupled to a source of material;
a blender to which the plurality of delivery tubes are coupled, the blender configured to mix different kinds of powder materials supplied with a gas stream via the plurality of delivery tubes in real time during additive manufacturing; and
a nozzle to which the blender is coupled via a supply conduit, the nozzle configured to deliver mixed material onto a substrate for additive manufacturing,
wherein each of the plurality of delivery pipes is configured to be able to change a delivery amount or a delivery speed of the powder material in real time.
2. The additive manufacturing system of claim 1 wherein the nozzle has an inner wall and an outer wall with an annular space formed therebetween to receive a mixed material.
3. The additive manufacturing system of claim 2, further comprising a laser or an arc welding device for melting a mixed material, wherein the inner wall of the nozzle is configured to allow passage of an electrode of a laser of the laser or the arc welding device.
4. The additive manufacturing system of claim 2, wherein the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are coaxially disposed.
5. The additive manufacturing system of claim 4, wherein each of the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle comprises a cylindrical section and/or a conical section.
6. The additive manufacturing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a controller that enables real-time control of a conveying amount or a conveying speed of the powder material in each of the plurality of conveying pipes.
7. The additive manufacturing system according to claim 6, further comprising a heating device that heats the substrate and/or mixed material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020062832.7U CN211758466U (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Additive manufacturing system |
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| CN202020062832.7U CN211758466U (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Additive manufacturing system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112846446A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Arc additive manufacturing method, device and equipment for continuous growth of curved-surface metal structure and computer storage medium |
| CN116390829A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2023-07-04 | 山崎马扎克公司 | Additive manufacturing device, control method thereof, control program thereof and composite processing device |
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2020
- 2020-01-13 CN CN202020062832.7U patent/CN211758466U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116390829A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2023-07-04 | 山崎马扎克公司 | Additive manufacturing device, control method thereof, control program thereof and composite processing device |
| CN116390829B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2024-03-19 | 山崎马扎克公司 | Additive manufacturing device, control method thereof, storage medium and composite processing device |
| CN112846446A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Arc additive manufacturing method, device and equipment for continuous growth of curved-surface metal structure and computer storage medium |
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