CN211757698U - Shape gradient control device of ultrahigh-strength steel - Google Patents
Shape gradient control device of ultrahigh-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN211757698U CN211757698U CN201922281504.6U CN201922281504U CN211757698U CN 211757698 U CN211757698 U CN 211757698U CN 201922281504 U CN201922281504 U CN 201922281504U CN 211757698 U CN211757698 U CN 211757698U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a shape gradient control device of ultra-high strength steel, which comprises a transmission frame, wherein a first heating furnace, a rolling device and a second heating furnace are arranged between an input end and an output end on the transmission frame in sequence; the output end of the conveying frame is connected with the stamping device; the stamping device comprises an upper male die and a lower female die which are matched, a telescopic device is arranged on the side surface opposite to the lower female die, and the output end of the telescopic device is connected with the edge roller track; and a plurality of cooling water channels are uniformly distributed in the upper male die and the lower female die, each cooling water channel is independently controlled, and each cooling water channel is monitored by a heating couple. The synchronous control of the rigidity, the strength and the toughness gradient of the ultrahigh-strength steel plate is effectively realized, so that the shape of the ultrahigh-strength steel has the gradient, and the lightweight is realized while the rigidity design requirement is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot stamping forming, concretely relates to shape gradient controlling means of ultrahigh strength steel.
Background
The automobile industry is one of five major post industries of national economy in China and is also the largest carrier of high and new technology. On the premise of ensuring the safety performance, the lightweight material structural member is introduced into the vehicle body, so that the quality of the vehicle body can be reduced, the fuel oil rate is improved, and the maintenance cost of the vehicle is reduced.
The ultra-high strength steel is a steel grade with ultra-high tensile strength (above 1380Mpa level) and martensite structure, and is increasingly favored by the automobile industry in recent years due to low cost, high tensile strength and obvious weight reduction benefit. The ultrahigh-strength steel plate is generally manufactured by adopting a hot forming technology, wherein an ultrahigh-strength steel plate is heated to austenitize, and then is sent into a hot stamping die with a cooling water channel through equipment such as a mechanical arm and the like for stamping and pressure-maintaining quenching to form a hot stamping part with high strength and high precision.
The Chinese patent CN201510096852.X, a hot stamping method for gradient distribution of performance of high-strength steel parts, provides a method for heating and quenching twice to obtain hot stamped parts with different mechanical properties. The process has the defects of relatively complex process and low production efficiency, and is not suitable for large-scale production. The invention of Chinese patent CN201410110908.8, a method for processing high-strength steel hot stamping formed parts, proposes that local tempering or annealing treatment is carried out on parts with uniform performance after hot stamping forming, and the heat conduction of the plate is utilized to realize the gradient change of tempering or annealing temperature and the gradient change of performance. The process needs a specially designed induction heating coil, and parts can deform in the quenching and heating process.
At present, the hot forming of the ultrahigh-strength steel is generally to make the steel plate of the same wall thickness, and the performance gradient that realizes is homogeneous in addition, and along with the continuous promotion of automobile lightweight design, the demand of designing and developing the ultrahigh-strength steel part that rigidity, intensity gradient change is stronger and stronger. The problem of strength can only be changed through heat treatment, the problem of rigidity cannot be solved, and the rigidity of the steel plate needs to be designed by adopting a method of section deformation. At present, no public research report exists on the hot stamping technology with strength and rigidity gradient change.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a shape nature gradient controlling means of superhigh strength steel has solved the technical problem that shape nature gradient changes in the hot stamping technique.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is: the shape gradient control device for the ultrahigh-strength steel comprises a conveying frame, conveying rollers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveying frame, and a first heating furnace, a rolling device and a second heating furnace are sequentially arranged on the conveying frame from an input end to an output end; the output end of the conveying frame is connected with the stamping device; the stamping device comprises an upper male die and a lower female die which are matched, a telescopic device is arranged on the side surface opposite to the lower female die, and the output end of the telescopic device is connected with the edge roller track; and a plurality of cooling water channels are uniformly distributed in the upper male die and the lower female die, each cooling water channel is independently controlled, and each cooling water channel is monitored by a thermocouple.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of shaping rollers are arranged in the second heating furnace. The function of removing residual stress of the plate under the shaping condition is realized.
Furthermore, connecting plates are respectively arranged on the side surfaces opposite to the lower concave die surface, and telescopic devices are arranged on the connecting plates.
Furthermore, the telescopic device comprises an L-shaped support fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder is connected to the L-shaped support.
Further, the output end of the conveying frame is connected with the input end of the side roller track through a group of guide plates.
Furthermore, the side roller track is in a side U shape, and a conveying roller is paved on the inner bottom surface of the side U-shaped side roller track.
Furthermore, the positioning pin is arranged on the top surface of the lower concave die and used for limiting the ultrahigh-strength steel plate to be stamped.
The utility model discloses the beneficial effect who reaches:
1. based on the process control of thickness-variable online rolling, austenitizing synchronous shaping and destressing and partition quenching regulation and control of martensite content in the hot forming process, the synchronous control of the rigidity, strength and toughness gradient of the ultrahigh-strength steel is effectively realized, and a solution is provided for the optimal design of automobile safety parts.
2. And the edge roller track is adopted to replace a mechanical arm to quickly transfer the austenitized red hot plate to a position to be stamped of the stamping device. Through the mutual cooperation of the conveying speed of the edge roller track and the quick evacuation of the edge roller track under the driving of the telescopic device, the plate transfer time is shortened, the dissipation of the plate temperature during transfer is avoided, the surface oxidation of the plate is also reduced, the initial heating temperature can be effectively reduced, and the forming efficiency and the forming quality are improved.
3. A plurality of cooling water channels are uniformly distributed in the upper male die and the lower female die of the stamping device, each cooling water channel is independently controlled, and each cooling water channel is monitored by a thermocouple. In the stamping and quenching process, the accurate feedback of the cooling speed is realized, so that the cooling rate of each cooling water channel is accurately adjusted, the ultrahigh-strength steel with the strength gradient is obtained, and the lightweight requirement of an automobile is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the edge roll track and retractor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an upper punch and a lower die of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-ultrahigh strength steel plate; 2-a manipulator; 3-a conveying frame; 4-a first heating furnace; 5-a rolling device; 6-a second heating furnace; 7-edge roll tracks; 8-a stamping device; 9-a telescopic device; 10-connecting plate, 11-guide plate; 12-hydraulic/pneumatic cylinders; 13-lower concave die; 14-a locating pin; 15-upper male die; 16-a thermocouple; 17-cooling water channels; an 18-L shaped stent; 19-conveying roller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the shape gradient control device for ultra-high strength steel provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a conveying frame 3, conveying rollers are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the conveying frame 3, and a plate to be processed can move on the conveying frame 3. The conveying frame 3 is sequentially provided with a first heating furnace 4, a rolling device 5 and a second heating furnace 6 from the input end to the output end, and the output end of the conveying frame 3 is connected with a stamping device 8 through an edge roller rail 7. The first heating furnace 4 is used for preheating the ultrahigh-strength steel plate 1; the rolling device 5 is used for rolling the preheated plate in a variable thickness online manner; the second heating furnace 6 is used for austenitizing and synchronously shaping and destressing the rolled plate; the stamping device 8 is used for stamping and zone quenching the austenitized red hot plate. In this embodiment, a plurality of groups of shaping rollers are arranged in the second heating furnace 6, which plays a role in removing residual stress of the plate under shaping conditions. Based on the process control of thickness-variable online rolling, austenitizing synchronous shaping and destressing and partition quenching regulation and control of martensite content in the hot forming process, the synchronous control of the rigidity, strength and toughness gradient of the ultrahigh-strength steel is effectively realized, and a solution is provided for the optimal design of automobile safety parts.
As shown in fig. 3, the stamping device 8 includes an upper male die 15 and a lower female die 13 which are matched, a plurality of cooling water channels 17 are uniformly distributed inside the upper male die 15 and the lower female die 13, each cooling water channel 17 is controlled individually, and each cooling water channel 7 is monitored by a thermocouple 16. The thermocouple 16 realizes accurate feedback of the cooling speed through feedback of the integrated controller, so that the cooling rate of each cooling water channel 17 is accurately adjusted, stamping and quenching are effectively completed, and the ultrahigh-strength steel with the strength gradient is obtained. The output end of the transport carriage 3 is connected to the lower matrix 13 of the punching device 8 by means of a set of guide plates 11. In this embodiment, 9 cooling water channels 17 are arranged inside the upper male die 15 and the lower female die 13.
The telescopic device 9 is installed on the side face, facing to each other, of the lower female die 13, the output end of the telescopic device 9 is connected with the edge roller rail 7, the length of the edge roller rail 7 is larger than that of the lower female die 13, and the telescopic device 9 can control the group of edge roller rails 7 to be close to or far away from each other. Specifically, the connecting plates 10 are respectively installed on the side surfaces of the lower female dies 13 which are arranged face to face, as shown in fig. 2, the telescopic devices 9 are arranged on the connecting plates 10, each telescopic device 9 comprises an L-shaped support 18 fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting plate, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder 12 is connected to each L-shaped support 18, and the output end of each hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 12 is connected with the edge roller rail 7. In this embodiment, the side roller rail 7 is a side U-shape, and a conveying roller 19 is laid on the inner bottom surface of the side U-shaped side roller rail. And the edge roller rail 7 is adopted to replace a mechanical arm to quickly transfer the austenitized red hot plate to a position to be punched of a punching device 8. Through the mutual cooperation of the conveying speed of the edge roller rail 7 and the quick evacuation of the edge roller rail 7 under the driving of the telescopic device 9, the plate transfer time is shortened, the dissipation of the plate temperature during transfer is avoided, the surface oxidation of the plate is also reduced, the initial heating temperature can be effectively reduced, and the forming efficiency and the forming quality are improved.
Be equipped with compressible locating pin 14 on the 13 top surface of lower die, locating pin 14 is used for spacing ultrahigh strength steel sheet 1 of treating the punching press, utilizes photoinduction or position response, when in side roller track 7 shifts red hot panel to stamping device 8 fast, and locating pin 14 acts on immediately, makes panel can accurate entering treat the punching press region, has guaranteed the rate of accuracy of punching press. The front half and the back half of the edge roller track 7 respectively rotate forward and backward to perform zone control, and the uniform speed of the edge roller track 7 is reduced to 0m/s from the initial speed; and the reverse conveying roller is supported by damping materials, so that the plate is rapidly stopped at the positioning pin, and the damage caused by the impact of the plate is eliminated.
Example 2
Based on the same inventive concept as that of embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a method for controlling the shape gradient of an ultra-high strength steel, comprising the following steps:
transferring the punched ultrahigh-strength steel plate into a first heating furnace, preheating under the protection of nitrogen, wherein the heating temperature is 720-760 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time; the heat preservation time is t, and t is d multiplied by n; in the formula: d is the thickness of the plate, and the unit is mm; t has the unit s; n is a constant, and the value of n is 60-65.
And (4) moving the preheated ultrahigh-strength steel plate out of the first heating furnace, and carrying out on-line rolling to enable the thickness of the ultrahigh-strength steel plate to have gradient.
Transferring the rolled ultrahigh-strength steel plate into a second heating furnace, continuously heating under the protection of nitrogen at the heating temperature of 910-940 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time to austenitize the ultrahigh-strength steel plate; the heat preservation time is t, and t is d multiplied by m; in the formula: d is the thickness of the plate, and the unit is mm; t has the unit s; m is a constant, and the value of m is 100-110. And a plurality of groups of shaping rollers are arranged in the second heating furnace, so that the plate can remove residual stress under the shaping condition.
And quickly transferring the austenitized red hot plate to a position to be punched of a punching device through an edge roller rail, and performing punching and zone quenching.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for controlling the shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preheating: moving the punched ultrahigh-strength steel plate into a first heating furnace, and preheating to 720-760 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen; keeping the temperature for a period of time, wherein t is dXn; in the formula: d is the thickness of the plate, and the unit is mm; t has the unit s; n is a constant, and the value of n is 60-65.
2) And (3) variable thickness on-line rolling: moving the ultrahigh-strength steel plate out of the first heating furnace through a conveying roller, and carrying out on-line rolling to enable the thickness of the ultrahigh-strength steel plate to have gradient; the deformation of the part of the area of the variable thickness on-line rolling is controlled to be 30-50%, and the area of the variable thickness is not more than 30%.
3) Austenitizing and synchronous shaping destressing: transferring the rolled ultrahigh-strength steel plate into a second heating furnace, continuously heating under the protection of nitrogen at the heating temperature of 910-940 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time to austenitize the ultrahigh-strength steel plate; the heat preservation time is t, and t is d multiplied by m; in the formula: d is the thickness of the plate, and the unit is mm; t has the unit s; m is a constant, and the value of m is 100-110. And a plurality of groups of shaping rollers are arranged in the second heating furnace, so that the plate is austenitized, and the residual stress is removed under the condition of keeping the geometric shape.
4) Transferring: rapidly transferring the red hot plate to a position to be punched of a punching device by using an edge roller track; the conveying of the lower roller is changed into the conveying of the side roller. The edge roll track is ramped down from an initial speed of 0.5m/s to 0 m/s.
5) Stamping and zone quenching: when the positioning of the austenitized plate in the hot stamping device is finished, the edge roller rails are removed (namely the group of edge roller rails are far away from each other) through a hydraulic cylinder/a pneumatic cylinder, and the removal speed is less than or equal to 0.5 m/s; the closing and the separation of an upper male die and a lower female die in the stamping device are realized. Pressing the upper male die downwards, and closing the die to perform hot stamping operation; and while the pressure of the male die is kept, the upper male die and the lower male die are subjected to cooling rate adjustment through the cooling water channels, so that the zone quenching is realized, and the gradient structure performance is obtained. The cooling rate is 10 ℃/s-50 ℃/s.
6) Stacking: after the stamping and the zone quenching are finished, the hydraulic cylinder/the pneumatic cylinder controls the group of edge roller tracks to mutually approach, and the ultrahigh-strength steel plates are continuously conveyed for stacking treatment.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for controlling the shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) blanking: selecting a 22MnB5 ultrahigh-strength steel plate with the thickness of 2mm, and blanking the steel plate by 1000mm multiplied by 500 mm;
2) preheating: transferring the punched ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a first heating furnace, preheating to 720 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and preserving heat for 120 s;
3) and (3) variable thickness on-line rolling: moving the ultrahigh-strength steel plate out of the first heating furnace through a conveying roller, and carrying out on-line rolling to enable the thickness of the plate within 10mm from the edge width to be 1.2 mm;
4) austenitizing and synchronous shaping destressing: transferring the rolled ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a second heating furnace, shaping the plate through a shaping roller in the furnace, and heating to 920 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen; and keeping the temperature for 200 s;
5) transferring: the method comprises the steps of utilizing an edge roller track to quickly transfer red hot plates to a position to be punched of a punching device, namely changing lower roller conveying into edge roller conveying, and reducing the initial speed of the edge roller track to 0.5m/s from uniform speed in the transfer process to 0 m/s.
6) Stamping and zone quenching: upon completion of positioning of the austenitized sheet in the hot stamping device, the edge roll rails are removed (i.e., the set of edge roll rails are moved away from each other) by the hydraulic cylinders at a removal speed of 0.2 m/s; the closing and the separation of an upper male die and a lower female die in the stamping device are realized. Pressing the upper male die downwards, and closing the die to perform hot stamping operation; the cooling rate of the upper male die and the lower male die is adjusted through the cooling water channels while the pressure of the male die is kept, so that the cooling rate of the ultrahigh-strength steel within 10mm of the edge width is 15 ℃/s, the cooling rate of the central area is 40 ℃/s, the zone quenching is realized, and the strength gradient of the same plate is obtained.
7) After the stamping and the zone quenching are finished, the hydraulic cylinder/the pneumatic cylinder controls the group of edge roller tracks to mutually approach, and the ultrahigh-strength steel plates are continuously conveyed for stacking treatment.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for controlling the shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) blanking: selecting a 27MnCrB5 ultrahigh-strength steel plate with the thickness of 3mm, and blanking the plate by 1200mm multiplied by 700 mm;
2) preheating: transferring the punched ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a first heating furnace, preheating to 740 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and preserving heat for 180 s;
3) and (3) variable thickness on-line rolling: moving the ultrahigh-strength steel plate out of the first heating furnace through a conveying roller, and carrying out on-line rolling to reduce the width of the central area of the plate to 1.5mm within 100 mm;
4) austenitizing and synchronous shaping destressing: transferring the rolled ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a second heating furnace, shaping the plate through a shaping roller in the furnace, and heating to 930 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen; and preserving the heat for 330 s;
5) transferring: the method comprises the steps of utilizing an edge roller track to quickly transfer red hot plates to a position to be punched of a punching device, namely changing lower roller conveying into edge roller conveying, and reducing the initial speed of the edge roller track to 0.5m/s from uniform speed in the transfer process to 0 m/s.
6) Stamping and zone quenching: upon completion of positioning of the austenitized sheet in the hot stamping apparatus, the edge roll rails are removed (i.e., the set of edge roll rails are moved away from each other) by the hydraulic cylinders at a removal speed of 0.4 m/s; the closing and the separation of an upper male die and a lower female die in the stamping device are realized. Pressing the upper male die downwards, and closing the die to perform hot stamping operation; the cooling rate of the upper male die and the lower male die is adjusted through the cooling water channels while the pressure of the male die is kept, so that the cooling rate of the ultrahigh-strength steel within 200mm of the central area is 50 ℃/s, the cooling rate of the edge is 15 ℃/s, the zone quenching is realized, and the strength gradient of the same plate is obtained.
7) After the stamping and the zone quenching are finished, the hydraulic cylinder/the pneumatic cylinder controls the group of edge roller tracks to mutually approach, and the ultrahigh-strength steel plates are continuously conveyed for stacking treatment.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for controlling the shape gradient of ultrahigh-strength steel, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) blanking: selecting a 37MnB4 ultrahigh-strength steel plate with the thickness of 1.5mm, and blanking the steel plate with the thickness of 1400mm multiplied by 500 mm;
2) preheating: transferring the punched ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a first heating furnace, preheating to 760 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and preserving heat for 90 s;
3) and (3) variable thickness on-line rolling: moving the ultrahigh-strength steel plate out of the first heating furnace through the conveying roller, and carrying out on-line rolling to thin the plate to 1mm within 20mm of the width of the edge;
4) austenitizing and synchronous shaping destressing: transferring the rolled ultrahigh-strength steel plate to a second heating furnace, shaping the plate through a shaping roller in the furnace, and heating to 940 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen; and preserving heat for 165 s;
5) transferring: the method comprises the steps of utilizing an edge roller track to quickly transfer red hot plates to a position to be punched of a punching device, namely changing lower roller conveying into edge roller conveying, and reducing the initial speed of the edge roller track to 0.5m/s from uniform speed in the transfer process to 0 m/s.
6) Stamping and zone quenching: upon completion of positioning of the austenitized sheet in the hot stamping device, the edge roll rails were removed (i.e., the set of edge roll rails were moved away from each other) by the pneumatic cylinders at a removal speed of 0.5 m/s; the closing and the separation of an upper male die and a lower female die in the stamping device are realized. Pressing the upper male die downwards, and closing the die to perform hot stamping operation; the cooling rate of the upper male die and the lower male die is adjusted through the cooling water channels while the pressure of the male die is kept, so that the cooling rate of the ultrahigh-strength steel within 20mm from the width of the edge part is 60 ℃/s, the cooling rate of the edge is 20 ℃/s, the zone quenching is realized, and the strength gradient of the same plate is obtained.
7) After the stamping and the zone quenching are finished, the hydraulic cylinder/the pneumatic cylinder controls the group of edge roller tracks to mutually approach, and the ultrahigh-strength steel plates are continuously conveyed for stacking treatment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The shape gradient control device for the ultrahigh-strength steel comprises a conveying frame, wherein conveying rollers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveying frame, and is characterized in that a first heating furnace, a rolling device and a second heating furnace are sequentially arranged on the conveying frame from an input end to an output end;
the output end of the conveying frame is connected with the stamping device through the edge roller track;
the stamping device comprises an upper male die and a lower female die which are matched, a telescopic device is arranged on the side surface opposite to the lower female die, and the output end of the telescopic device is connected with the edge roller track;
and a plurality of cooling water channels are uniformly distributed in the upper male die and the lower female die, each cooling water channel is independently controlled, and each cooling water channel is monitored by a thermocouple.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of shaping rollers are provided in said second heating furnace.
3. A shape gradient control device for ultra-high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein connecting plates are respectively installed on the side surfaces of the lower concave die which are arranged opposite to each other, and telescopic devices are arranged on the connecting plates.
4. A shape gradient control device of ultra-high strength steel according to claim 3, wherein the telescopic device comprises an L-shaped bracket fixedly connected with the connecting plate, and a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder is connected to the L-shaped bracket.
5. A shape gradient control device of ultra-high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the output end of the conveying frame is connected with the input end of the edge roller track through a group of guide plates.
6. The apparatus for controlling shape gradient of ultra-high strength steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side roller rail is a side U-shape, and a conveying roller is laid on an inner bottom surface of the side U-shape side roller rail.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a positioning pin is provided on the top surface of the lower cavity die, and the positioning pin is used for limiting the ultra-high strength steel plate to be stamped.
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