CN211737043U - Comprehensive tunnel construction trolley - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel comprehensive construction trolley, which comprises a plurality of stepping rock drills arranged on a trolley main body and provided with a drill clamping and withdrawing device which can withdraw a drill when a drilling machine clamps a drill; preferably, the bogie is provided with an arch mounting device, and the stepping rock drill is arranged through a universal arm; the trolley main body is of a multilayer movable structure formed by a bottom layer trolley, a middle layer trolley and a top layer trolley, and the arch frame trolley is transferred and installed on the arch frame trolley through two arch frame lifting devices and a plurality of arch frame bearing trolleys arranged on the lifting beam. The utility model has the advantages that the trolley has comprehensive operation capability, the drill bit can be conveniently withdrawn when the drill is stuck, the construction mode can be switched, the switching is convenient, and the structure is stable; the construction method is particularly suitable for solving the problems of slow construction progress, low efficiency and long-term loss of stubborn diseases in the construction method of the micro-step and full-section sleeving construction in the puzzling industry for many years, and has the advantages of high construction efficiency, fast progress and low cost.

Description

Comprehensive tunnel construction trolley

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technique, especially a tunnel composite construction platform truck.

Background

The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley has more than two functions and can realize at least two operations in multiple operations such as tunneling, arch center installation, secondary lining laying and the like. In tunneling operations, including drilling blast holes and blasting operations, the blast holes are usually drilled by using a rock drill. In order to improve the tunneling efficiency, the applicant has successively applied stepping rock drills, and then the stepping rock drills are applied to a tunnel construction trolley to form a multi-head tunneling drill trolley, wherein the stepping rock drills are formed by arranging manual shoulder-carried type pneumatic rock drills on guide rails. The pneumatic drilling machine comprises a drilling machine bearing sliding table and a pneumatic leg bearing sliding table, wherein the drilling machine bearing sliding table can move on a guide rail; the other end of the air leg bearing sliding table is connected to the air leg bearing sliding table, a locking device is arranged between each of the two sliding tables and the guide rail, and when the drilling machine bearing sliding table is locked, the air leg bearing sliding table correspondingly moves forwards or backwards along the drilling direction along with the retraction or extension of the air leg; when the air leg bearing sliding table is locked, the drilling machine and the drilling machine bearing sliding table correspondingly drill and retreat along with the extension or retraction of the air leg; thus, the stepping rock drilling is formed, and the automation can be realized through a simple industrial control technology. Compared with large-scale special large-scale rock drilling equipment, the drilling machine has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, low maintenance and use cost, and is particularly suitable for tunnel construction of domestic construction teams. However, in the actual construction process, the drill bit is inevitably stuck due to factors such as the change of the geological structure of the tunnel, and although the air leg is matched with the tunnel to have the function of withdrawing the drill bit, the air leg is limited by the structure and the function of the air leg due to the large drill sticking force, so that the drill bit cannot be withdrawn smoothly. In addition, the existing tunnel excavation modes mainly comprise full-face excavation, two-step excavation, three-step excavation and the like, although the trolley adaptive to excavation mode conversion is available at present, the comprehensive operation capacity of the existing trolley is limited, and no arch installing facility is arranged on the tunnel excavation trolley, so that the existing trolley needs to be withdrawn after tunnel excavation and is continuously operated by a special arch installing trolley, the construction efficiency is low, the quantity of trolleys is large, the construction step distance is long, and the potential safety hazard of untimely arch installation exists. For this reason, continued improvements are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a to current drill jumbo when the card appears boring at the drill bit, be difficult to withdraw from, influence the not enough of efficiency of construction then, provide a tunnel comprehensive construction jumbo, set up the card through the rock drill to the jumbo on and bore back the drill rig, ensure at the platform truck tunnelling in-process, when leading to the drill bit card to hinder or block to die because of country rock nature change or other factors, can be convenient withdraw from the drill bit to ensure to tunnel smoothly, corresponding improvement efficiency of construction. The multifunctional trolley has a multi-layer movable structure, an arch mounting device is arranged on the trolley, so that the construction mode can be changed, and the multifunctional trolley has the functions of tunneling and arch mounting.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley comprises a plurality of stepping rock drills arranged on a trolley main body; and the stepping rock drill is provided with a drill clamping and withdrawing device which is used for withdrawing the drill when the drill is clamped by the drilling machine.

Adopt aforementioned technical scheme the utility model discloses, be equipped with the sticking that is used for withdrawing from the drill bit when rig sticking is bored through the step-by-step rock drill that constitutes the multi-head tunnelling platform truck and move back the drilling equipment to at the platform truck tunnelling in-process, lead to the drill bit card to hinder or the card when dying because of country rock nature change or other factors, can be convenient withdraw from the drill bit, thereby ensure to tunnel smoothly, corresponding improvement efficiency of construction.

Preferably, the stepping rock drill comprises a rock drilling host, a guide rail and a drilling machine bearing sliding table, and a first locking device is arranged between the drilling machine bearing sliding table and the guide rail; the drill withdrawing device comprises a locking sliding block and a drill withdrawing oil cylinder, the drill withdrawing oil cylinder is connected between the drill bearing sliding table and the locking sliding block, and the locking sliding block is only longitudinally movably arranged on the drill bearing sliding table; the first locking device is arranged between the locking slide block and the guide rail. The drill withdrawing device is arranged between the drill bearing platform and the guide rail, the first locking device of the drill bearing sliding table is arranged between the sliding block and the guide rail, the sliding block can be movably arranged relative to the drill bearing guide rail, and when the sliding block and the guide rail are locked through the first locking device, the drill bearing sliding table can longitudinally move under the action of the driving mechanism, so that the drill bearing sliding table is withdrawn when the drill is required to be withdrawn after the drill is stuck, and the purpose of withdrawing the drill is achieved. And the locking and unlocking of the first locking device and the alternative actions of extension and retraction of the driving mechanism can be realized according to the drill clamping condition, and the drill withdrawal process with the set distance or length is completed. Wherein, the drill withdrawal oil cylinder can also be replaced by a screw nut pair driving structure or a crank slide block driving structure and the like. The automatic drill bit withdrawing device is simple in structure, strong in drill withdrawing capability and reliable in function, and can conveniently realize automatic control, for example, after the drill bit is determined to be stuck or stuck in a manual observation or torque detection mode, the drill withdrawing action of the drill bit is implemented through wire control, remote control or remote control.

Preferably, the front end of the guide rail is provided with a front end support sleeve for supporting the drill rod, the middle section of the guide rail is provided with an intermediate support sleeve, and the intermediate support sleeve is arranged on the jacking device; and the lower part of the front end of the guide rail is provided with a guide rail fixing device for supporting the guide rail through a rock body. The drill rod utilizing the slender members has the characteristic of certain deflection, and is jacked upwards in the middle of the drill rod to form an arch shape, so that when peripheral holes are drilled, the drill bit forms a certain back-bending radian to drill into a rock body, the serious over-excavation caused by a linear drilling mode is avoided, the over-excavation amount is effectively reduced, and the tunneling efficiency is improved. Usually, after the drill bit drills to a certain depth, such as 1-2 meters, the jacking state is released, and a drill hole forming a certain radian forms a guide hole for the drill bit to drill forwards, so that the same drilling mode as the drilling mode for reducing overbreak measures in the manual drilling process is formed. Wherein, jacking system adopts cylinder, pneumatic cylinder etc. as the power supply to reduce occupation space, convenient overall arrangement. Of course, other driving structures for linear movement, such as a screw-nut pair driving structure, a rack-and-pinion driving structure or a crank block driving structure, can be adopted under the condition of space allowance; meanwhile, the support for the overhanging part of the guide rail is formed by the guide rail fixing device arranged below the front end of the guide rail through the fixing device at the front end, so that the support strength and rigidity of the guide rail are improved, and the drilling speed and the construction efficiency are further improved. Wherein, the guide rail fixing device utilizes the member that can insert the rock mass to provide the support, can set up different structures according to the characteristic of tunnel rock mass. For soft rock, the front end of the guide rail can be provided with a drill steel with a conical tip at the front end, and the drill steel keeps the firmness of inserting into the rock through a jacking spring; a drilling machine can also be fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide rail, and after the drill rod is drilled into the guide rail, the drill rod is utilized to form the supporting member. And under the condition of having the guide rail fixing device, the effect of middle jacking system will be more obvious, and the two form the synergism of adjusting the drilling rod amount of deflection.

Preferably, the jacking device comprises a jacking base and a lifting block, the jacking base is arranged on the guide rail and is fixedly connected with a jacking cylinder, the far end of a piston rod of the jacking cylinder is connected with a push block, and the front end of the push block is provided with a pushing inclined plane; the lifting block can only be vertically matched in the jacking cylinder in a lifting way, the jacking cylinder is fixed on the jacking base, the lower end of the lifting block is provided with a roller, and the roller is in rolling connection with the jacking inclined plane; the middle support sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block; the guide rail fixing device comprises a positioning seat fixed below the front end of the drill arm, a positioning rock drill is hung on the positioning seat in a sliding mode, the front end of the positioning rock drill is used for arranging a drill rod, and a pushing cylinder or an oil cylinder is arranged at the rear end of the positioning rock drill. The jacking cylinder is arranged in a layout longitudinally parallel to the drill rod by the jacking device through the jacking inclined plane, so that the length space is fully utilized, the occupation of the space in the height direction is reduced, and the layout rationality is improved; the guide rail fixing device is provided with a small-sized pneumatic rock drill for positioning through a positioning seat arranged below the front end of the drill boom, so that before drilling of the host machine, the positioning rock drill is used for drilling holes for drilling positioning holes, after the drill bit drills into a set length, the drill bit embedded into a rock body is used for providing support and fixation for enhancing stability for the far end of the guide rail, and the purpose of positioning the guide rail is achieved. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and reliable positioning, and is suitable for tunnel construction of various geologies. The feeding of the positioning rock drill is pushed by a pushing cylinder or an oil cylinder, and through proper air pressure control, smooth drilling can be realized, the drill bit can be prevented from being withdrawn after being embedded, and the front end of the guide rail is reliably positioned during initial rock drilling.

Preferably, the trolley main body is further provided with an arch mounting device; the trolley main body comprises a bottom trolley and an upper trolley arranged on the bottom trolley; the upper layer trolley consists of a top layer trolley; or the upper layer trolley is formed by combining the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley; the top layer trolley can move longitudinally relative to the adjacent lower layer trolley; the arch installing device comprises an arch hoisting device, a first arch lifting device and a second arch lifting device; the arch frame hoisting device is arranged at the tail end of the trolley main body, and the second arch frame hoisting device is arranged on the top trolley; in the structure that the upper layer trolley consists of the top layer trolley, the first arch frame lifting device is arranged on the bottom layer trolley; in the structure formed by combining the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley, the first arch frame lifting device is arranged on the middle layer trolley; and the lifting beams of the two lifting devices are respectively movably provided with a plurality of arch bearing trolleys for bearing arches. The bogie body is also provided with an arch mounting device so that the bogie can form a bogie having both a tunneling function and an arch mounting function, and the arch can be mounted while tunneling after or during tunneling. When the upper layer trolley is composed of a top layer trolley, the trolley is integrally of an upper-layer structure and a lower-layer structure, the bottom layer is provided with a travelling channel, the upper layer is of a telescopic structure capable of moving relative to the bottom layer, when the upper layer extends out, a three-step construction trolley can be formed, and after the upper layer retracts, a two-step construction trolley can be formed; obviously, the method is more suitable for conversion between two-step and three-step construction; when the upper layer trolley is formed by combining the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley, when the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley are all retracted, a full-section construction trolley is formed, and when the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley are all extended, micro-step construction is formed, so that the construction method is suitable for a micro-step and full-section casing construction mode. The arch center hoisting device is arranged at the tail part of the trolley, which faces the tunnel portal, so that the arch center is conveniently hoisted to the arch center bearing trolley of the trolley; because the trolley is provided with the plurality of bearing trolleys, the arch centering can be pushed to the corresponding mounting position through the movable trolley after being hoisted on the corresponding trolley one by one, and then the arch centering is lifted to the proper position through the arch centering lifting device and then is mounted and fixed on the wall of the tunnel. During the construction of two steps, three steps or micro steps, the arch center can be integrally hung on the trolley of the first lifting device, and after the redundant sections at the lower part are disassembled, the arch top part at the upper part is transferred to the trolley of the second lifting device; or, wholly hang on first lifting device's dolly, then, second lifting device lifts from first lifting device's dolly on bearing the bow member to second lifting device's dolly, after tearing off unnecessary segmental part of lower part, lifts the installation through second lifting device to behind the construction of below tunnel face below bench, through simple lifting device such as hoist engine, fall down through the mode of transferring and carry out convenient installation from this platform truck. Compared with the prior art, the complex conveying mechanism of the arch on the trolley has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high arch hoisting and mounting efficiency and contribution to reducing the tunnel construction cost. The first arch frame lifting device adopts a vertical lifting structure; the second arch frame lifting device is of a parallelogram frame type lifting structure. The vertical lifting structure occupies small space and has compact structure, and is favorable for being arranged at two sides of the platform; products with the screw nut lifting device on the market can be purchased, do not need to be manufactured by oneself, save the processing cost, shorten the manufacturing period, and can also be lifted by a lifting oil cylinder; the parallelogram frame type lifting structure comprises two connecting rods with equal length which are arranged in parallel, one end of each connecting rod is hinged on the top layer trolley, the other end of each connecting rod is hinged on the lifting beam, a lifting oil cylinder is connected on any one or two connecting rods, the lifting oil cylinders drive the connecting rods to swing to realize the lifting of the lifting beam, the lifting beam forms the change of the longitudinal position along with the change of the hinge point position of the far end of the connecting rods in the lifting process, and the arch centering can move longitudinally along the tunnel by means of the change of the longitudinal position. And after the lifting beam falls, the occupied space is small, and the lifting beam is favorably arranged in the middle of the platform so as to form a compact and coordinated layout with the first arch frame lifting device of the vertical lifting structure. In addition, the stepping rock drill can be arranged on each layer of trolley, and can also be arranged on one layer or any two layers of three layers.

Preferably, a portal frame is movably arranged at the rear end of the top layer trolley, and a portal frame driving oil cylinder for moving the portal frame is arranged between the portal frame and the top layer trolley; and the stepping rock drill arranged on the top layer trolley is arranged through the portal frame. No matter two-layer structure platform truck changes three steps at two steps, or three-layer structure platform truck changes the three-step construction behind the little step at full section, the construction space that corresponds three steps is narrow and small relatively, step-by-step rock drill receives the limiting of platform truck structure and can only arrange upper mounting plate and both sides at the top layer platform truck, hole drilling all around of face is made things convenient for to this kind of overall arrangement, and when needing to bore the face and draw the heart hole, the rig must hang out the longer distance in platform truck front, in order to conveniently carry out the adjustment of drilling angle and position. When the arch is installed on the top layer trolley, the front end of the top layer trolley needs to be closer to the tunnel face so that the installed arch can be closer to the tunnel face, the length of a non-supporting section which cannot be supported by a working face is reduced, and construction safety is ensured; the rock drill is arranged through the portal frame, the portal frame moves to the front when drilling, and the portal frame returns to the rear when being installed, so that the whole rock drill or most of the rock drill is hidden under the top-layer trolley, and the aim of approaching the tunnel face as far as possible is fulfilled.

In addition, the top layer trolley is supported on a top layer carrier roller through a top layer I-shaped rail, a first hydraulic support leg is arranged at the front end of the top layer I-shaped rail, the top layer carrier roller is arranged on a lower layer trolley which is close to the top layer carrier roller, a first rail clamping wheel is further arranged on the lower layer trolley which is close to the top layer carrier roller, and the first rail clamping wheel rolls and presses on a lower wing plate of the top layer I-shaped rail; and a top layer driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the top layer trolley to move is also arranged between the top layer trolley and the adjacent lower layer trolley. The rolling moving pair structure is formed by the carrier roller, so that the hydraulic cylinder is conveniently utilized to push the corresponding layer of the trolley to move, the structure can be effectively simplified, the gravity center is reduced, and the stability is improved. In a structure formed by combining the top layer trolley and the middle layer trolley, a middle layer track for moving and guiding the middle layer trolley is arranged on the bottom layer trolley, a second hydraulic support leg is arranged at the front end of the middle layer track, the middle layer track comprises a middle I-shaped rail body, the middle I-shaped rail body is supported on a middle layer carrier roller, the middle layer carrier roller is arranged on the bottom layer trolley, a second rail clamping wheel is further arranged on the bottom layer trolley, and the second rail clamping wheel is pressed on a lower wing plate of the middle I-shaped rail body of the middle layer track in a rolling mode; a track driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the middle layer track to move is also arranged between the bottom layer trolley and the middle layer carrier roller; the middle layer trolley can move on the middle layer track. The structure can be effectively simplified, the center of gravity can be reduced, and the stability can be improved.

Preferably, the stepping rock drill is arranged on the trolley main body through a universal arm; the universal arm comprises a large arm, a front support is arranged at the front end of the large arm and is hinged to the front end of the large arm, and a hydraulic support rod is further arranged between the free end of the front support and the large arm; the front support is rotatably provided with a guide rail sliding frame through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder is connected between the guide rail sliding frame and the front support; a guide rail support is rotatably arranged on the guide rail sliding frame through a second pivot parallel to the bearing surface of the front support, and a turnover driving device for driving the guide rail support to turn over is arranged between the guide rail support and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder; the stepping rock drill is arranged on the guide rail support; the guide rail sliding frame is in a long strip shape, and at least two guide rail supports are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame; the turnover driving oil cylinders on the guide rail supports synchronously stretch out and draw back; the guide rail support is a sliding table structure, the stepping rock drill is movably arranged on the guide rail support, a mobile driving oil cylinder is arranged between the guide rail support and the stepping rock drill, and the mobile driving oil cylinder is used for driving the stepping rock drill to move on the guide rail support. The universal arm is a mechanical arm, has multiple degrees of freedom, and is widely applied to various large and small devices, such as an arm serving as a robot in industrial production automation equipment, or a cement paste spray anchor of large construction equipment, and a mechanical arm serving as a construction unit in large tunnel construction equipment; the step-by-step rock drill is a mechanical rock drilling equipment for replacing manual rock drilling in tunnel construction, and is formed by arranging a manual shouldering type pneumatic rock drill on a guide rail. The stepping type propelling automatic rock drilling can be realized through a simple industrial control technology. Compared with large-scale special large-scale rock drilling equipment, the construction cost is low, the maintenance cost and the use cost are low, and the method is particularly suitable for tunnel construction of domestic construction teams. The two are combined, the stepping rock drill can be hidden in the inner space of the trolley by utilizing the telescopic arm structure of the universal arm, rock drilling and hole drilling are realized after the stepping rock drill is stretched out, and the automatic feeding drilling machine mode is realized by utilizing the stepping rock drill. The trolley function is obviously added, and effective guarantee is provided for the mechanized construction of the tunnel. The universal arm is provided with a mounting seat capable of rotating in two stages on the front support, a bearing surface of the front support forms a UV plane relative to a coordinate system UVW, the guide rail sliding frame can rotate around a W shaft in the bearing surface, and the stepping rock drill arranged on the guide rail support can realize the adjustment of the drilling direction; the guide rail sliding frame is in a long strip shape, a stepping rock drill is convenient to arrange, so that the longitudinal direction of a guide rail of the rock drill is consistent with the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame, the axis of a second pivot is arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the axis of the second pivot is parallel to the V shaft, and the rock drill can longitudinally rotate along with the second pivot so as to meet the requirement of adjusting the drilling position of peripheral holes on the tunnel face. And the rock drill can move longitudinally relative to the whole guide rail support, the telescopic length of the large arm can be compensated, and the requirements of drill pulling position adjustment and guide rail movement adjustment in the process of fixing the front end of the guide rail are met more conveniently. The front support rotates around the U shaft in a VW plane of the UVW relative coordinate system, and fine adjustment of the angle of the drilling machine is achieved. The front support is hinged to the front end of the large arm, and the angle of the front support is adjusted through the hydraulic support rod, so that the front support can rotate around the U shaft in a VW plane of the UVW relative coordinate system, and the fine adjustment of the angle of the drilling machine is realized. And the scheme replaces the traditional hydraulic motor by the structure combining the driving oil cylinder and the pivot, so that the hydraulic motor has the advantages of simple structure, less occupied space, light weight, reliable function and wide application range. The front support hinge shaft, the first pivot and the second pivot form a UVW relative coordinate system relative to the large arm.

Further preferably, the turnover driving device comprises a turnover driving oil cylinder, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the turnover driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged on the guide rail sliding frame and the guide rail support. The turnover driving is realized through a simple and mature telescopic power element, so that the structure is simplified, and the failure occurrence rate is reduced.

Still further preferably, the large arm is of a two-stage telescopic structure; the large arm is hinged on the large arm hinge seat, and the large arm hinge seat is hinged on the rear support; a cross universal joint structure is formed between the large arm and the rear support through a horizontal joint shaft and a vertical joint shaft on the large arm hinge seat; the pitching angle of the large arm is adjusted by a pitching adjusting oil cylinder arranged on the large arm hinge seat; the horizontal rotation angle of the large arm is adjusted by a horizontal adjusting oil cylinder arranged on the rear support; the rear support is fixed on the framework of the trolley at the corresponding layer and can also be formed by the framework of the trolley at the corresponding layer; when the universal arm is arranged on the platform of the corresponding trolley, the rear support is fixed on the framework of the platform part of the corresponding trolley. In an absolute coordinate system XYZ, the hinge axis of the big arm and the big arm hinge seat is parallel to an X axis, and the hinge axis of the big arm and the rear support is parallel to a Z axis and extends and retracts along a Y axis direction. The large arm is ensured to have a plurality of degrees of freedom so as to meet the requirements of hiding the drilling machine, adjusting the drilling position and the like.

The utility model has the advantages that when the drill hole of the trolley during tunneling is stuck, the trolley can conveniently withdraw from the drill bit, and further has the function of construction mode conversion, and the step structure is stable and firm after the conversion is convenient and the conversion process and the state conversion are carried out; the construction method is particularly suitable for solving the problems of slow construction progress, low efficiency, long-term loss and the like which puzzle the industry for many years, and is a micro-step and full-section sleeving construction method which is high in construction efficiency, fast in progress and low in cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses in embodiment 1 including the structure of universal arm and step-by-step rock drill shaft mapping, wherein, the platform truck is in full section construction status.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the middle step rock drill of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a jacking device for a stepping rock drill according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structure schematic axonometric view of the guide rail fixing device for the middle rock drill of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the guide rail fixing device for a middle rock drill of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the guide rail structure for the stepping rock drill of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 6 according to the present invention.

Figure 8 is a top view of the present invention as shown in figure 7 wherein the elongated locking mechanism is in a locked position.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a middle gas circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a structure of a trolley (without a rock drill and a universal arm) in embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the trolley is in an expanded state of micro-step construction.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a second lifting device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the middle layer guide rail of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the middle gimbal according to the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the universal arm according to the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the middle universal arm of the present invention, wherein the guide rail support is in a turning state with a set angle.

Fig. 16 is a schematic perspective view of another perspective of the gimbal according to the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the combined state of the middle universal arm and the stepping rock drill of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a structure of a double-deck jumbo (not including a rock drill and a universal arm) according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein the jumbo is in a two-step construction state.

Fig. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a double-deck jumbo (without a rock drill and a universal arm) according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein the jumbo is in an expanded state of three-step construction.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a tunnel integrated construction trolley comprises a plurality of stepping rock drills 400 provided on a trolley body; the stepping rock drill 400 is provided with a drill clamping and withdrawing device which is used for withdrawing the drill when the drill is clamped.

Referring to fig. 2, the stepping rock drill 400 comprises a rock drilling host 1, a guide rail 2, a drill bearing sliding table 3, an air leg 14 and an air leg bearing sliding table 18, wherein a first locking device is arranged between the drill bearing sliding table 3 and the guide rail 2; the drill bearing sliding table 3 is also provided with a drill withdrawing device; the drill withdrawal device comprises a locking sliding block 5 and a driving oil cylinder 6, wherein the driving oil cylinder 6 is connected between the drill bearing sliding table 3 and the locking sliding block 5, and the locking sliding block 5 is only longitudinally movably arranged on the drill bearing sliding table 3; the first locking device is arranged between the locking slide block 5 and the guide rail 2; the air leg 14 is connected between the drill rig bearing sliding table 3 and the air leg bearing sliding table 18; a second locking device is arranged between the air leg bearing sliding table 18 and the guide rail 2.

The driving oil cylinder 6 is connected to the drill bearing sliding table 3 through a cylinder body, and the locking sliding block 5 is fixedly connected with the far end of a piston rod of the oil cylinder; taking the drilling direction of the rock drill as the front, wherein the locking slide block 5 is positioned in front of the oil cylinder, and when the piston rod of the oil cylinder is in a retraction state, the locking slide block 5 is locked with the guide rail through the first locking device, and the piston rod extends out to implement bit withdrawal; by utilizing the characteristic that the extending thrust of the piston rod of the oil cylinder is larger than the retracting thrust, the drill withdrawal thrust can be increased under the condition that the cylinder diameter of the oil cylinder is the same, or the diameter of the oil cylinder can be reduced under the condition that the drill withdrawal thrust is the same. Two opposite guide grooves are formed in the drill bearing sliding table 3 through bumps, the locking sliding block 5 is located between the two guide grooves, and guide portions in sliding fit with the guide grooves are formed in two sides of the locking sliding block 5. The first locking device comprises a first locking cylinder 4 and a plurality of locking holes which are longitudinally distributed on the guide rail 2; a lock pin which is integrally formed or fixedly connected with a piston rod of the first locking cylinder 4 is matched with the locking hole to form a bolt type locking structure; and a long hole for the lock pin to move horizontally along the guide groove is formed on the drill bearing sliding table 3. The second locking means is also formed by a plurality of locking holes distributed longitudinally on the guide rail 2 and a second locking spigot on the piston rod of a second locking cylinder 19.

The front end of the guide rail 2 is provided with a front end supporting sleeve 7 for supporting a drill rod, the middle section of the guide rail 2 is provided with an intermediate supporting sleeve 8, and the intermediate supporting sleeve 8 is arranged on the jacking device. Referring to fig. 3, the jacking device comprises a jacking base and a lifting block 11, the jacking base 39 is adjustably arranged on the guide rail 2 and fixedly connected with a jacking cylinder 9, the distal end of a piston rod of the jacking cylinder 9 is connected with a push block 10, and the front end of the push block 10 is provided with a jacking inclined plane; the lifting block 11 can only be vertically matched in the jacking cylinder 12 in a lifting way, the jacking cylinder 12 is fixed on the jacking base, the lower end of the lifting block 11 is provided with a roller 13, and the roller 13 is in rolling connection with the jacking inclined plane; the middle supporting sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block 11.

The lower part of the front end of the guide rail 2 is provided with a guide rail fixing device 40 for supporting the guide rail 2 through a rock body. The front end fixing device forms a support for the overhanging part of the guide rail 2, and the support strength and rigidity of the guide rail are improved. Wherein the rail fixing device 40 provides support using a member insertable into the rock mass, and different structures can be provided according to the characteristics of the tunnel rock mass. For soft rock, the front end of the guide rail can be provided with a drill steel with a conical tip at the front end, and the drill steel keeps the firmness of inserting into the rock through a jacking spring; a drilling machine or a small rock drill can also be fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide rail, and after the drill rod is drilled into the guide rail, the drill rod is utilized to form the supporting member.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the scheme that the guide rail fixing device 40 is formed by a small-sized rock drill, the guide rail fixing device comprises a positioning seat 41 fixed below the front end of a drill arm, a positioning rock drill 42 is slidably hung on the positioning seat 41, the front end of the positioning rock drill 42 is used for arranging a drill rod 47, and the rear end of the positioning rock drill 42 is provided with a pushing cylinder or oil cylinder 43; the tip 46 is fixedly connected to the front end of the positioning seat 41.

Wherein, a drill rod guide seat 48 is arranged in front of the positioning rock drill 42, a drill rod guide hole is arranged on the drill rod guide seat 48, and the drill rod guide seat 48 is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 41. The positioning seat 41 is tubular; a cross beam 49 is matched in the positioning seat 41 in a sliding way, and a lug seat 49a is arranged on the cross beam 49; a strip-shaped avoiding groove is formed in the lower side of the pipe wall of the positioning seat 41; the lifting lug seat 49a penetrates through the strip-shaped avoidance groove to be hinged with a lifting lug on the positioning rock drill 42; two supporting seats 44 are fixedly connected in the positioning seat 41, and the two supporting seats 44 are sleeved on the cross beam 49 in a sliding fit manner.

The pushing cylinder or oil cylinder 43 is fixedly arranged in a protection tube 45, and the protection tube 45 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the lower end of the positioning seat 41. A jacking cylinder or oil cylinder 43 is hinged with the rear end of the positioning rock drill 42. When the piston rod of the air cylinder or the oil cylinder retracts, the pneumatic rock drill is pulled to retract, and then the drill rod is withdrawn from the positioning hole, so that the position of the drill boom can be changed conveniently. Wherein, a guide sleeve 48a is arranged in the drill rod guide seat 48, and the guide hole is arranged in the guide sleeve 48 a. So that the guide sleeve 48a can be replaced independently after being worn, and the use cost is reduced.

Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the guide rail 2 is formed into a variable length structure by a base section 21 and an extension section 22; an extension positioning structure and an extension locking mechanism are arranged between the basic section 21 and the extension section 22; the foundation section 21 and the extension section 22 are connected through an inclined joint surface; the bonding surface is gradually inclined outwards from top to bottom on the base section 21; the extension positioning structure is used for preventing the base section 21 and the extension section 22 from being staggered left and right and up and down. The guide rail 2 comprises a guide rail main body and a track, wherein the track is made of a circular tube, and the guide rail main body is made of a square tube or a rectangular tube; the lengthening positioning structure comprises a positioning column 24 matched with a circular tube inner hole of the track, one part of the positioning column 24 is inserted into the circular tube track tube hole of the basic section 21, and the other part of the positioning column is inserted into the circular tube track tube hole of the lengthening section 22. The square pipe or the rectangular pipe can be a rolled or drawn section bar, and can also be formed by bending a steel plate and then welding; the guide rail main body is formed by combining two square tube welding machines in the height direction; the upper ends of two sides of the square steel pipe above are respectively welded with a round pipe, the round pipes form the track, two sides of the lower end of the square steel pipe below are respectively welded with a round pipe, a square pipe or a tube, flat steel or angle iron, and the round pipe, the square pipe or the tube, the flat steel or the angle iron below are used for installing and fixing the guide rail.

The guide rail main body is provided with two parallel rails; and the positioning columns 24 are arranged in the pipe holes of the joint parts of the two circular pipe tracks of the basic section 21 and the extension section 22. The base section 21 and the extension section 22 are connected through two connecting plates 25, the joint surfaces of the two connecting plates 25 form the joint surfaces of the base section 21 and the extension section 22, and the two connecting plates 25 are respectively welded and fixed on the guide rail main bodies of the base section 21 and the extension section 22. The connecting plate 25 is welded on the lower square tube, the end part of the upper square tube is welded with an end plate, and the end plate is welded with a positioning tube; the positioning pipes on the two end plates are inserted with a third positioning column 23, and the three positioning columns are distributed on three corners of the isosceles triangle. Wherein, the lengthening locking mechanism is an eccentric locking structure. The lengthening locking mechanism comprises a hook 26 and a ring buckle 27, and the hook 26 is fixedly arranged on the base section 21; the ring buckle 27 is hinged to the handle 28, and the handle 28 is hinged to the extension section 22. The ring buckle 27 is movably arranged on a ring buckle seat 29, the ring buckle seat 29 is hinged on the handle 28, and a loading spring 30 is arranged between the ring buckle seat 29 and the ring buckle 27. Wherein, one end of the ring buckle 27 is welded with a connecting rod 27a, and the free end of the connecting rod 27a is welded with a guide block 27 b; one end of the ring buckle seat 29 is provided with a rod-shaped structure, the ring buckle seat 29 is hinged with the handle 28 through one end of the rod-shaped structure, the other end of the ring buckle seat 29 is in a frame-shaped structure, the connecting rod 27a extends into the frame from one end of the frame-shaped structure, the frame walls on two sides of the frame-shaped structure are provided with sliding grooves 29a, and the guide blocks 27b are in sliding fit in the sliding grooves 29 a; the loading spring 30 abuts against the guide block 27b at one end and against the inner wall of one end of the frame-shaped structure at the other end. The hinged seat of the handle 28 is formed by two independent lugs 28a, and the connecting shaft is formed by two half shafts 8 b; in the locked state, the connection line between the hinge center of the buckle seat 29 and the handle 28 and the hinge center of the handle 28 and the connecting section 22 is coincident with the axis of the connecting rod 27 a. The hook 26 can also be arranged on the extension section 22, and the handle 28 is hinged on the base section 21.

Referring to fig. 9, when the air leg 14 pushes the rock drilling host 1 to drill, the air inlet and outlet pipelines of the air leg 14 are respectively composed of an air inlet pipeline 15 and an air outlet pipeline 34, and the air inlet pipeline 15 is provided with an electric switch valve 16 and an electric flow regulating valve 17 which are arranged in parallel. The rock drilling host 1 is connected with a drilling air supply pipe 32 and a slag blowing air supply pipe 33 through a rear cover of a drilling machine, and the drilling air supply pipe 32 and the slag blowing air supply pipe 33 are connected with the air supply main pipeline through electric control valves; the air inlet pipeline 15 and the exhaust pipeline 34 are connected to the electromagnetic directional valve 35, the air inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 35 is connected with the air supply main pipe, and the air outlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 35 is communicated with the atmospheric environment. The electric switch valve 16 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 15, the electric flow regulating valve 17 is connected to the air inlet bypass, the bypass is connected in parallel with the air inlet pipeline 15, and the pipe diameter of the bypass is smaller than that of the air inlet pipeline 15. The electric switch valve 16 is of a normally closed structure; the electromagnetic directional valve 35 is a three-position five-way valve with a middle sealing structure; the electric control valves for controlling the drilling gas supply pipe 32 and the slag blowing gas supply pipe 33 are composed of a first electromagnetic valve 36 and a second electromagnetic valve 37, and both the first electromagnetic valve 36 and the second electromagnetic valve 37 are switch valves; an oil pot 38 is also arranged on the main gas supply pipeline; the bore hole air supply pipe 32 has a larger pipe diameter than the slag blowing air supply pipe 33.

Referring to fig. 10, the dolly main body includes a lower layer dolly 200 and an upper layer dolly provided on the lower layer dolly 200; the upper layer trolley is formed by combining a top layer trolley 210 and a middle layer trolley 220; the top layer trolley 210 can move longitudinally relative to the next lower layer trolley; also comprises an arch frame hoisting device 230 arranged at the tail end of the trolley; a first arch frame lifting device 240 is arranged on the middle layer trolley 220; a second arch frame lifting device 250 is arranged on the top layer trolley 210; and the lifting beams of the two lifting devices are both movably provided with a plurality of arch bearing trolleys 260 for bearing arches; step-by-step rock drills are arranged on the bottom layer trolley 200, the middle layer trolley 220 and the top layer trolley 210 through universal arms 300; a running space of the slag removing vehicle is arranged below the bottom layer trolley 200. The rear end of the top-layer trolley 210 is movably provided with a portal frame 270, and a portal frame driving oil cylinder for moving the portal frame 270 is arranged between the portal frame 270 and the top-layer trolley 210; the stepping rock drill 400 provided on the top-level trolley 210 is provided through the gantry 270; the first arch frame lifting device 240 is of a vertical lifting structure and is composed of four first lifting oil cylinders which are vertically arranged and installed at four corners of the middle layer trolley 220, every two first lifting oil cylinders form a group and synchronously lift the same first lifting beam 241, and arch frames are lifted through two arch frame bearing trolleys 260 on the two first lifting beams 241; the second arch lifting device 250 is in a parallelogram frame type lifting structure. In fig. 10, the gantry 270 is shown moving with the top-level trolley 210 at the front extreme position, the trolley is in a rock drilling state, the top-level trolley 210 is still at the position shown in the figure when the arch is installed, and the gantry 270 is retracted to the position shown in fig. 18 and located at the rear extreme position.

Referring to fig. 11, the parallelogram frame type lifting structure includes two parallel connecting rods 251 with equal length, one end of each connecting rod is hinged to the top-level trolley 210, the other end of each connecting rod 251 is hinged to the second lifting beam 252, the two connecting rods 251 are respectively connected with a second lifting cylinder 253, the second lifting cylinders 253 are hinged to the top-level trolley 210 through middle cylinders, the tail ends of the piston rods of the second lifting cylinders 253 are hinged to the connecting rods 251, and the two second lifting cylinders 253 synchronously extend and retract to drive the connecting rods 251 to swing, so that the lifting of the second lifting beams 252 is realized; the second lifting beam 252, the connecting rod 251 and the second lifting cylinder 253 are arranged in the same vertical plane. Each second lifting beam 252 and the corresponding connecting rod 251 and second lifting oil cylinder 253 form a group; the two groups of second lifting beams 252 are arranged in parallel, and all the second lifting cylinders 253 in the two groups are synchronously stretched; the arches are lifted by two arch trolleys 260 on two second lifting beams 211. The top layer trolley 210 is supported on a top layer carrier roller 212 through a top layer I-shaped rail 211, a first hydraulic supporting leg 214 is arranged at the front end of the top layer I-shaped rail 211, the top layer carrier roller 212 is arranged on an adjacent lower layer trolley, a first rail clamping wheel 213 is further arranged on the adjacent lower layer trolley, and the first rail clamping wheel 213 is pressed on a lower wing plate of the top layer I-shaped rail 211 in a rolling mode; a top layer driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the top layer trolley 210 to move is further arranged between the top layer trolley 210 and the adjacent lower layer trolley, the adjacent lower layer trolley is a middle layer trolley 220, and the top point of the top layer carrier roller 212 is only 5-20 mm higher than the platform of the top layer trolley 210. The bottom layer trolley 200 is provided with two parallel middle layer rails 221 for movably guiding the middle layer trolley 220, the front end of each middle layer rail 221 is provided with a second hydraulic support leg 225, each middle layer rail 221 comprises a middle I-shaped rail body, the middle I-shaped rail body is supported on a middle layer carrier roller 222, the middle layer carrier roller 222 is arranged on the bottom layer trolley 200, the bottom layer trolley 200 is further provided with a second rail clamping wheel 223, and the second rail clamping wheel 223 is pressed on a lower wing plate of the middle I-shaped rail body of the middle layer rail 221 in a rolling mode; a track driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the middle layer track 221 to move is further arranged between the bottom layer trolley 200 and the middle layer carrier roller 222; the middle deck carriage 220 is movable on a middle deck rail 221.

Referring to fig. 12, the front ends of the two middle layer rails 221 are fixedly connected together by a middle cross beam 224, and a second hydraulic leg 225 is arranged on the middle cross beam 224; a movable moving leg support 226 is arranged between the two middle layer tracks 221, a movable hydraulic leg 227 is arranged on the moving leg support 226, a suspension box is fixedly connected to a cylinder body of the movable hydraulic leg 227, a suspension wheel 228 is arranged on the suspension box, the moving leg support 226 is suspended on a lower wing plate of the middle I-shaped rail body through the suspension wheel 228, and an auxiliary roller 229 is further arranged on the suspension box, so that after the middle layer track 221 extends out for a set length, a middle auxiliary support is formed through the movable hydraulic leg 227 and supported by the auxiliary roller 229, so that the middle layer track 221 can continue to extend forwards, and the telescopic length of the middle layer track 221 is increased.

Referring to fig. 13, 14, 15 and 16, the universal arm 300 includes a big arm 100, a front support 110 is disposed at the front end of the big arm 100, an upper end surface of the front support 110 forms a front support bearing surface, a guide rail sliding frame 120 is rotatably disposed on the front support 110 through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder 121 is connected between the guide rail sliding frame 120 and the front support 110; the guide rail sliding frame 120 is rotatably provided with a guide rail support 130 through a second pivot parallel to the bearing surface of the front support, and a turning driving device for driving the guide rail support 130 to turn is arranged between the guide rail support 130 and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder 121. Referring to fig. 5, the guide rail support 130 is of a sliding table structure, and a moving driving cylinder 142 is provided on the guide rail support 130; the movement driving cylinder 142 is used to drive the third member provided through the rail housing 130; the bearing member 130 and the third member are connected in a rolling frictional connection relationship to reduce frictional resistance to sliding movement of the third member on the bearing member 130; the turnover driving device comprises a turnover driving oil cylinder 141, and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the turnover driving oil cylinder 141 are respectively hinged on the guide rail sliding frame 120 and the guide rail support 130. The guide rail sliding frame 120 is in a long strip shape, and at least two guide rail supports 130 are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame 120; the turnover driving cylinders 141 on the plurality of guide rail supports 130 are synchronously extended and contracted. The front support 110 is hinged to the front end of the large arm 100, and a hydraulic support rod 111 is further arranged between the free end of the front support 110 and the large arm 100. The large arm 100 is of a two-stage telescopic structure, the large arm 100 is hinged on a large arm hinge seat 101, and the large arm hinge seat 101 is hinged on a rear support 102; a cross universal joint structure is formed between the large arm 100 and the rear support 102 through a horizontal joint shaft and a vertical joint shaft on the large arm hinge seat 101; the pitch angle of the big arm 100 is adjusted by a pitch adjusting oil cylinder 103 arranged on a big arm hinge seat 101; the horizontal rotation angle of the large arm 100 is adjusted by a horizontal adjustment cylinder 104 mounted on the rear support 102. Wherein, the rear support 102 is fixed on the framework of the trolley at the corresponding layer, or can be formed by the framework of the trolley at the corresponding layer; when the gimbal arm is disposed on the platform of the corresponding trolley, the rear support 102 is fixed to the frame of the platform portion of the corresponding trolley.

In this embodiment, the boom 100 includes a base boom 100a, the base boom 100a is a rectangular tube structure, a first-stage telescopic boom 100b is installed in the base boom 100a, the first-stage telescopic boom 100b is driven by a first-stage telescopic cylinder 100c to move in a telescopic manner, and two ends of the first-stage telescopic cylinder 100c are respectively hinged to the base boom 100a and the first-stage telescopic boom 100 b; the first-stage telescopic boom 100b is also in a rectangular pipe structure, a second-stage telescopic boom 100d is arranged in the first-stage telescopic boom 100b, the free end of the second-stage telescopic boom 100d is connected with the front support 110, the second-stage telescopic boom 100d is driven by a second-stage telescopic oil cylinder 100e to telescopically move, two ends of the second-stage telescopic oil cylinder 100e are respectively hinged to the second-stage telescopic boom 100d and the first-stage telescopic boom 100b, a hinge support lug 100f hinged to the second-stage telescopic oil cylinder 100e is arranged on the first-stage telescopic boom 100b, and the hinge support lug 100f is positioned on the side wall of the first-stage telescopic; the side wall of the base arm 100a is provided with a strip-shaped waist groove, and the strip-shaped waist groove is used for avoiding the hinge lug 100f in the movement process of the first-stage telescopic arm 100 b. The X axis, the Z axis and the Y axis in a basic coordinate system XYZ are respectively and correspondingly formed by the hinge axis of the large arm 100 and the large arm hinge seat 101, the hinge axis of the large arm hinge seat 101 and the rear support 102 and the telescopic axis of the large arm 100; the hinge axis, the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis of the front support 110 and the large arm 100 respectively form a U-axis, a W-axis and a V-axis in a relative coordinate system UVW, and the moving direction of the third member coincides with the V-axis.

Referring to fig. 17 in combination with fig. 13 to 16, the stepping rock drill 400 is mounted on the guide rail support 130 of the universal arm 300, and the guide rail support 130 is of a sliding table structure; the step rock drill 400 is longitudinally movably arranged on said guide rail mount 130, and a drill movement driving cylinder 142 is arranged between the guide rail mount 130 and said step rock drill 400.

The X axis, the Z axis and the Y axis in a basic coordinate system XYZ are respectively and correspondingly formed by the hinge axis of the large arm 100 and the large arm hinge seat 101, the hinge axis of the large arm hinge seat 101 and the rear support 102 and the telescopic axis of the large arm 100; the front support 110 and the hinge axis, the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis of the boom 100 respectively form a U-axis, a W-axis and a V-axis in a relative coordinate system UVW, and the overall moving direction of the stepping rock drill 400 coincides with the V-axis.

In this embodiment, when the guide rail support 130 does not adopt a sliding table structure, the stepping rock drill 400 is fixedly connected to the guide rail support 130. The stepping rock drill 400 of this solution cannot move integrally on the rail mount 130, and is firmly connected and rigid. The method is suitable for tunnel tunneling rock drills without longitudinal position adjustment.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic directional valve 35 may also adopt a two-position five-way valve instead of a three-position five-way valve. Furthermore, the electric on-off valve 16 and the electric flow rate control valve 17 may be connected in parallel to the exhaust line 34 of the gas leg 14.

In this embodiment, the front support sleeve 7 and the middle support sleeve 8 both comprise a bushing and a bushing seat, the bushing can freely rotate relative to the bushing seat, and the bushing seat of the front support sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with the front end of the guide rail 2 through a front support; the bushing seat of the middle support sleeve 8 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting block 11.

The arch hoisting device 230 in this embodiment is the same as the arch hoisting mechanism announced by No. 5/8 in 2018 and the announcement No. CN 108005687A.

Embodiment 2, referring to fig. 18 and 19, a comprehensive tunnel construction trolley comprises a bottom trolley 200 and a top trolley 210 arranged on the bottom trolley 200; the top layer trolley 210 is able to move longitudinally relative to the bottom layer trolley 200; also comprises an arch frame hoisting device 230 arranged at the tail end of the trolley; a first arch frame lifting device 240 is arranged on the bottom layer trolley 200; a second arch frame lifting device 250 is arranged on the top layer trolley 210; and the lifting beams of the two lifting devices are both movably provided with a plurality of arch bearing trolleys 260 for bearing arches; step rock drills 400 are arranged on the bottom layer trolley 200 and the top layer trolley 210 through universal arms 300; a running space of the slag removing vehicle is arranged below the bottom layer trolley 200. The rear end of the top-layer trolley 210 is movably provided with a portal frame 270, and a portal frame driving oil cylinder for moving the portal frame 270 is arranged between the portal frame 270 and the top-layer trolley 210; the step rock drill 400 provided on the top-level trolley 210 is provided through the gantry 270.

In fig. 19, the gantry 270 is shown moving with the top-level trolley 210 at the front extreme position, the trolley is in a rock drilling state, the top-level trolley 210 is still at the position shown in the figure when the arch is installed, and the gantry 270 is retracted to the position shown in fig. 18 and located at the rear extreme position.

The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.

A tunnel construction method in which construction is performed using the bogie of embodiment 1 or 2; when the trolley of the embodiment 1 is adopted, the construction method is used for executing the construction of sleeving and beating the micro steps and the full section; when the trolley of the embodiment 2 is adopted, the construction method is used for executing the two-step or three-step construction method. Wherein, the method comprises the steps of drilling a rock and a hole by a stepping rock drill; in the structure in which the arch installing apparatus is composed of the arch hoisting apparatus 230, the first arch hoisting apparatus 240 and the second arch hoisting apparatus 250, the arch is hoisted by the arch hoisting apparatus provided toward the rear of the trolley body of the opening, the arch is transported on the trolley by the arch carrying trolley, and the arch is lifted by the hoisting apparatus to install the arch.

When the arch center in the three-step construction state is installed, the universal arm on the top-layer trolley 210 and the stepping rock drilling machine are combined and retracted to the rear limit position towards the direction of the hole through the portal frame.

The basic principles and the main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley comprises a plurality of stepping rock drills arranged on a trolley main body; the stepping rock drill is characterized in that a drill clamping and withdrawing device which can withdraw the drill bit when the drill is clamped is arranged on the stepping rock drill; the stepping rock drill comprises a rock drilling host (1), a guide rail (2) and a drilling machine bearing sliding table (3), wherein a first locking device is arranged between the drilling machine bearing sliding table (3) and the guide rail (2); the drill withdrawing device comprises a locking sliding block (5) and a drill withdrawing oil cylinder (6), the drill withdrawing oil cylinder (6) is connected between the drill bearing sliding table (3) and the locking sliding block (5), and the locking sliding block (5) is only longitudinally movably arranged on the drill bearing sliding table (3); the first locking device is arranged between the locking slide block (5) and the guide rail (2).

2. The tunnel comprehensive construction trolley according to claim 1, wherein a front end support sleeve (7) for supporting a drill rod is arranged at the front end of the guide rail (2), an intermediate support sleeve (8) is arranged at the middle section of the guide rail (2), and the intermediate support sleeve (8) is arranged on the jacking device; and the lower part of the front end of the guide rail (2) is provided with a guide rail fixing device (40) for supporting the guide rail (2) through a rock body.

3. The tunnel comprehensive construction trolley according to claim 2, wherein the jacking device comprises a jacking base and a lifting block (11), the jacking base is arranged on the guide rail (2) and is fixedly connected with a jacking cylinder (9), the far end of a piston rod of the jacking cylinder (9) is connected with a push block (10), and the front end of the push block (10) is provided with a jacking inclined surface; the lifting block (11) can only be vertically matched in the jacking cylinder (12) in a lifting way, the jacking cylinder (12) is fixed on the jacking base, the lower end of the lifting block (11) is provided with a roller (13), and the roller (13) is in rolling connection with the jacking inclined plane; the middle supporting sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block (11); the guide rail fixing device (40) comprises a positioning seat (41) fixed below the front end of the drill arm, a positioning rock drill (42) is slidably hung on the positioning seat (41), the front end of the positioning rock drill (42) is used for arranging a drill rod (47), and a pushing cylinder or oil cylinder (43) is arranged at the rear end of the positioning rock drill (42).

4. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an arch mounting device is further provided on the trolley main body; the trolley main body comprises a bottom trolley (200) and an upper trolley arranged on the bottom trolley (200); the upper layer trolley is composed of a top layer trolley (210); or the upper layer trolley is formed by combining the top layer trolley (210) and the middle layer trolley (220); the top layer trolley (210) can move longitudinally relative to the adjacent lower layer trolley; the arch installing device comprises an arch hoisting device (230), a first arch lifting device (240) and a second arch lifting device (250); the arch hoisting device (230) is arranged at the tail end of the trolley main body, and the second arch hoisting device (250) is arranged on the top-layer trolley (210); in the structure that the upper layer trolley is composed of a top layer trolley (210), a first arch frame lifting device (240) is arranged on a bottom layer trolley (200); in the structure formed by combining the top layer trolley (210) and the middle layer trolley (220), the first arch frame lifting device (240) is arranged on the middle layer trolley (220); and a plurality of arch frame bearing trolleys (260) for bearing arch frames are movably arranged on the lifting cross beams of the two lifting devices.

5. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 4, wherein a portal frame (270) is movably arranged at the rear end of the top trolley (210), and a portal frame driving oil cylinder for moving the portal frame (270) is arranged between the portal frame (270) and the top trolley (210); the stepping rock drill (400) arranged on the top layer trolley (210) is arranged through the portal frame (270).

6. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stepping rock drill is arranged on the trolley body through a universal arm (300); the universal arm (300) comprises a large arm (100), a front support (110) is arranged at the front end of the large arm (100), the front support (110) is hinged to the front end of the large arm (100), and a hydraulic support rod (111) is arranged between the free end of the front support (110) and the large arm (100); the front support (110) is rotatably provided with a guide rail sliding frame (120) through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder (121) is connected between the guide rail sliding frame (120) and the front support (110); a guide rail support (130) is rotatably arranged on the guide rail sliding frame (120) through a second pivot parallel to the bearing surface of the front support, and a turnover driving device for driving the guide rail support (130) to turn over is arranged between the guide rail support (130) and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder (121); the stepping rock drill is arranged on the guide rail support (130); the guide rail sliding frame (120) is in a long strip shape, and at least two guide rail supports (130) are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame (120); the turnover driving oil cylinders (141) on the guide rail supports (130) are synchronously stretched; guide rail support (130) are the slip table structure, step-by-step rock drill passes through guide rail (2) and movably establishes on guide rail support (130) to at guide rail support (130) with be equipped with between step-by-step rock drill (400) and remove drive hydro-cylinder (142), remove drive hydro-cylinder (142) and be used for the drive step-by-step rock drill (400) are in move on guide rail support (130).

7. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 6, wherein the overturning driving device comprises an overturning driving cylinder (141), and a cylinder body and a piston rod of the overturning driving cylinder (141) are respectively hinged on the guide rail sliding frame (120) and the guide rail support (130).

8. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 6, wherein the boom (100) has a two-stage telescopic structure; the large arm (100) is hinged to a large arm hinge seat (101), and the large arm hinge seat (101) is hinged to a rear support (102); a cross universal joint structure is formed between the large arm (100) and the rear support (102) through a horizontal joint shaft and a vertical joint shaft on the large arm hinge seat (101); wherein the pitch angle of the big arm (100) is adjusted by a pitch adjusting oil cylinder (103) arranged on a big arm hinging seat (101); the horizontal rotation angle of the large arm (100) is adjusted by a horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (104) arranged on a rear support (102); the rear support (102) is fixed on the framework of the trolley on the corresponding layer or is formed by the framework of the trolley on the corresponding layer.

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