CN211731018U

CN211731018U - Locking mechanism and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN211731018U
Application number: CN202020084915.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李鸿键; 李彦良; 代康伟; 周健; 盛军
Original assignee: Beijing Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Electric Vehicle Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-15
Filing date: 2020-01-15
Publication date: 2020-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-15

Abstract

The utility model provides a locking mechanism and electric automobile relates to mechanical structure technical field, and locking mechanism includes: the lock comprises a lock seat, a locking component and a limiting component; the lock seat is provided with a locking part mounting hole penetrating through a first side end face and a second side end face of the lock seat; a first groove with a downward opening is formed in the first end face of the lock base and communicated with the locking component mounting hole; the upper end surface of the lock base self-locking base is provided with a limiting part mounting hole for accommodating a limiting part, and the limiting part mounting hole is communicated with the locking part mounting hole; the top surface of the locking component is provided with an unlocking groove and a locking groove which are matched with the limiting component; when the locking device is in a locking state, the to-be-locked piece is clamped between the locking component and the bottom of the first groove, and the limiting component is abutted against the locking groove; when the unlocking state, wait that the locking piece separates with the lock seat, spacing part and unblock recess butt. The utility model discloses the waste of resource has been avoided.

Description

Locking mechanism and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical structure technique and specifically relates to a locking mechanism and electric automobile are related to.

Background

If one of the two fixedly connected components fails or cannot be used normally, the two fixedly connected components need to be replaced at the same time, which causes resource waste and time waste. And among the prior art electric automobile's power battery and automobile body generally be fixed connection, when power battery's electric quantity exhausts, need charge immediately, just can guarantee electric automobile's normal driving, though at present each constantly perfect the facility of charging for it is more convenient to charge, nevertheless, under the situation that user's time is urgent, a large amount of time can be wasted in charging, nevertheless adopt the mode of changing the battery can save user's time, consequently, how quick replacement battery becomes the present problem of treating urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a locking mechanism assembly and electric automobile to change two fixed connection's part simultaneously among the solution prior art, this problem that just causes wasting of resources and time waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a locking mechanism, include: the lock comprises a lock seat, a locking component and a limiting component;

the lock seat is provided with a locking part mounting hole;

a first groove with a downward opening is formed in the first end face of the lock base and communicated with the locking part mounting hole;

the lock seat is provided with a limiting part mounting hole for accommodating the limiting part from the upper end surface of the lock seat, and the limiting part mounting hole is communicated with the locking part mounting hole;

and a limiting groove matched with the limiting component is formed in the top surface of the locking component.

Optionally, the locking member includes: the locking bolt is arranged on the connecting rod shaft;

wherein, a second groove is arranged on the second end surface of the lock seat;

when the locking bolt penetrates through the locking part mounting hole, the connecting rod shaft is located in the second groove.

Optionally, the locking mechanism further includes: a secondary locking member;

when the locking component is in a locking state, the secondary locking piece is abutted against the locking component so as to prevent the locking component from moving relative to the lock seat.

Optionally, at least one of the lock holders is provided with a secondary locking piece mounting through hole for accommodating the secondary locking piece from the top end of the lock holder.

Optionally, the secondary lock includes: the locking block, the second spring and the second plug are arranged on the base;

the locking block, the second spring and the second plug are all positioned in the secondary locking piece mounting through hole;

the locking block and the second plug are respectively arranged at two ends of the second spring and are connected with the second spring;

when the locking part locks the piece to be locked, the locking block is abutted to the locking part.

Optionally, an oil storage tank is arranged on the top surface of the locking bolt.

Optionally, the limiting component includes: the steel ball, the first spring and the first plug are arranged on the first end cap;

the steel ball, the first spring and the first plug are all positioned in the limiting part mounting hole;

the first plug and the steel ball are respectively arranged at two ends of the first spring and are connected with the first spring;

the steel ball is abutted to the limiting groove.

Optionally, the locking mechanism further includes: a rubber block; the rubber block is fixed to the bottom of the first groove, and the bottom of the first groove is the end, away from the opening of the first groove 3012, of the rubber block.

Optionally, a first positioning hole penetrating through the first end face and the second end face is formed in the lock base, a second positioning hole is formed in the fixing piece at a position corresponding to the first positioning hole, and the positioning pin sequentially penetrates through the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole and is welded to the fixing piece.

Optionally, a second bolt mounting hole penetrating through the first end face and the second end face of the lock base is formed in the lock base, and the lock base is connected with the fixing piece through a second bolt penetrating through the second bolt mounting hole.

Optionally, the surface of the lock seat and/or the locking component has a rust-proof treatment layer.

Optionally, the locking mechanism further includes: a detection device comprising a magnetic block;

the magnetic block is embedded on the locking component and/or a secondary locking piece of the locking mechanism.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides an electric automobile, which comprises an automobile body, a power battery box and the locking mechanism; the power battery box is detachably connected with the vehicle body through the locking mechanism.

The above technical scheme of the utility model following beneficial effect has at least:

the locking mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model is characterized in that the locking part mounting hole is communicated with the first groove, and when in use, a to-be-fixed part is inserted into the first groove from the first end surface; the locking part is arranged in the locking part mounting hole in a penetrating mode, the locking part of the to-be-fixed part is clamped between the first groove and the locking part, the to-be-fixed part is locked on the lock seat, and therefore the to-be-fixed part is detachably connected with the locking mechanism.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first exploded schematic view of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a second exploded view of the locking mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a locking bolt in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a first schematic view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;

fig. 5 is a second schematic view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention in a locked state;

fig. 6 is a first schematic view of the locking mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention in an unlocked state;

fig. 7 is a second schematic view of the locking mechanism in the unlocked state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

301-lock seat, 3011-locking part mounting hole, 3012-first groove, 3013-first bolt mounting hole, 3014-second groove, 3015 a-limiting part mounting hole, 3015 b-secondary locking part mounting through hole, 3016-second bolt mounting hole, 3017-first positioning hole, 3019-second bolt, 302-locking part, 3021-locking bolt, 3022-connecting rod shaft, 3023-unlocking groove, 3024-locking groove, 3025-oil storage tank, 304-rubber block, 3051-steel ball, 3052-first spring, 3053-first plug, 3054-locking block, 3055-second spring, 3056-second plug, 306-first bolt.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model discloses when a certain part breaks down to among the prior art, need change two fixed connection's part simultaneously, cause the extravagant problem of wasting of resources and time, provide a locking mechanism, realized the connection of dismantling of two parts, avoided the waste of resource and time.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which are schematic diagrams illustrating an explosion of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes: a lock seat 301, a locking component 302 and a limiting component;

the lock base 301 is provided with a locking part mounting hole 3011; in the embodiment of the present invention, the locking member mounting hole 3011 is used to accommodate the locking member 302.

A first groove 3012 with a downward opening is formed in a first end face of the lock base 301, and the first groove 3012 is communicated with the locking component mounting hole 3011; in the embodiment of the present invention, the first groove 3012 is used to accommodate a locking portion of a member to be fixed;

the lock base 301 is provided with a limiting part mounting hole 3015a for accommodating the limiting part from the upper end face of the lock base 301, and the limiting part mounting hole 3015a is communicated with the locking part mounting hole 3011;

a limiting groove matched with the limiting part is formed in the top surface of the locking part 302, and preferably, the limiting groove comprises an unlocking groove 3023 and a locking groove 3024;

in a locking state, a to-be-locked piece is clamped between the locking component 302 and the bottom of the first groove 3012, and the limiting component is abutted against the locking groove 3024; when the lock is unlocked, the to-be-locked member is separated from the lock base 301, and the limiting member abuts against the unlocking groove 3023. The bottom of the first groove 3012 is an end far away from the opening of the first groove 3012.

In the locking mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention, the locking component mounting hole 3011 is communicated with the first groove 3012, and when in use, the to-be-fixed component is inserted into the first groove 3012 from the first end surface; the locking part 302 penetrates through the locking part mounting hole 3011, the locking part of the to-be-fixed part is clamped between the first groove 3012 and the locking part 302, the to-be-fixed part is locked on the lock seat 301, and therefore the to-be-fixed part and the locking mechanism can be detachably connected.

It should be noted that the locking portion is in a shape matching with the first groove 3012, that is, the diameter of the locking portion is adapted to the radian of the bottom of the first groove 3012, so that the locking portion can be inserted into the first groove 3012 conveniently. In addition, the locking portion may have other shapes, such as a hexahedral shape, as long as the first groove 3012 and the locking portion can be fitted.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the locking member 302 includes: a lock bolt 3021 and a link shaft 3022 provided on a side wall of the lock bolt 3021;

a second groove 3014 is formed on the second end face of the lock base 301;

when the locking bolt 3021 is inserted into the locking component mounting hole 3011, the link shaft 3022 is located in the second recess 3014.

Preferably, the locking member mounting hole 3011 penetrates through the first side end face and the second side end face of the lock base 301 opposite to each other. Specifically, in the use process, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the two opposite end surfaces of the lock bolt 3021 are flush with the first end surface and the second end surface, respectively, the lock member 302 is in the locked state; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the lock bolt 3021 protrudes from the second side end surface, the lock member 302 is in an unlocked state.

It should be noted that the second recess 3014 is preferably an arc-shaped groove adapted to the link shaft 3022, and the length of the second recess 3014 is required to meet the requirement that the link shaft 3022 fits the top of the second recess 3014 when the locking bolt 3021 is in the locked state.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rod shaft 3022 may be used to realize pushing the locking bolt 3021, so that the locking bolt 3021 moves along the axis of the locking component mounting hole 3011 to realize locking or unlocking of the to-be-fixed component; the link shaft 3022 may also be used to connect with other pushing devices, or the link shafts 3022 of multiple locking mechanisms may be connected with the pushing devices at the same time, and one or more locking bolts 3021 may be pushed by the pushing devices to move, so as to achieve linked unlocking or locking.

Further, in order to realize secondary locking and avoid automatic unlocking of the locking mechanism assembly in the using process, as shown in fig. 2, the locking mechanism further includes: a secondary locking member;

when the lock member 302 is in the locked state, the secondary lock member abuts against the lock member 302 to prevent the lock member 302 from moving relative to the lock holder 301.

Optionally, at least one of the lock holders 301 has a secondary lock member mounting through hole 3015b formed from the top end of the lock holder 301 for accommodating the secondary lock member.

Specifically, the length of the secondary locking member mounting through hole 3015b is smaller than the distance between the top of the locking member mounting hole 3011 and the top of the lock holder 301.

More specifically, when the lock plug 3021 is in the locked state, the secondary lock abuts against a side end surface of the lock plug 3021, where the side end surface is an end surface of the lock plug 3021 close to the second side end surface of the lock holder 301.

Specifically, the secondary locking member includes: a locking block 3054, a second spring 3055 and a second plug 3056;

the locking block 3054, the second spring 3055 and the second plug 3056 are all located in the secondary locking member installation through hole 3015 b; the locking block 3054 and the second plug 3056 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second spring 3055 and connected with the second spring 3055;

when the lock bolt 3021 is in a locked state, the lock block 3054 abuts against a side end surface of the lock bolt 3021, where the side end surface is an end surface of the lock bolt 3021 close to a second side end surface of the lock holder 301.

In this embodiment, the second plug 3056 is a conical structure, a tip end surface of the second plug 3056 is inserted into the second spring 3055, so that the second plug 3056 is connected with the second spring 3055, when the to-be-fixed member is unlocked, the second plug 3056 needs to be manually pulled out, the second spring 3055 is formed in a free state, so that the locking block 3054 does not limit the locking bolt 3021 any more, and then the connecting member is pulled to unlock the locking bolts 3021. The second plug 3056 is configured to plug the second spring 3055 on the upper end surface of the lock holder 301, so that the second spring 3055 is prevented from being ejected when the locking block 3054 is in a locked state by the second spring 3055. Therefore, the diameter of the larger end surface of the second plug 3056 is larger than the inner diameter of the secondary lock mounting through hole 3015 b.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, an oil reservoir 3025 is formed on an upper end surface of the lock bolt 3021. The problem that the assembly difficulty of the locking bolt 3021 and the lock base 301 is increased due to friction when the locking bolt is connected or separated is solved, and the service life of the locking mechanism assembly is prolonged.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the limiting member includes: a steel ball 3051, a first spring 3052 and a first plug 3053; the steel ball 3051, the first spring 3052 and the first plug 3053 are all located in the limiting component mounting hole 3015 a;

the first plug 3053 and the steel ball 3051 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first spring 3052 and connected with the first spring 3052;

the steel ball 3051 is abutted with the limiting groove; specifically, the limiting groove comprises an unlocking groove 3023 and a locking groove 3024, and when the locking bolt 3021 is in an unlocking state, the steel ball 3051 abuts against the unlocking groove 3023; when the locking bolt 3021 is in a locked state, the steel ball 3051 abuts against the locking groove 3024. Thereby realizing the limit of the locking state and the unlocking state of the lock bolt 3021.

In this embodiment, the first plug 3053 is a conical structure, a tip end surface of the first plug 3053 is inserted into the first spring 3052, so that the first plug 3053 is connected to the first spring 3052, specifically, after the steel ball 3051, the first spring 3052 and the first plug 3053 are placed in the limiting component mounting hole 3015a, the first plug 3053 is used for blocking the first spring 3052 on an upper end surface of the lock holder 301, and the first spring 3052 is prevented from being popped up when the steel ball 3051 is in a limiting state. Therefore, the diameter of the larger end surface of the first plug 3053 is larger than the inner diameter of the stopper mounting hole 3015 a.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a through inciting somebody to action the limiting part restriction is in unblock recess 3023 has realized spacing to the locking bolt 3021 that is in the unblock state, avoids locking bolt 3021 certainly drop in the locking part mounting hole 3011, through with the limiting part restriction is in locking recess 3024 has realized spacing to the locking bolt 3021 that is in the locking state, avoids in the use, locking bolt 3021 automatic unblock leads to treating the fixed not firm problem of mounting.

Further, the locking mechanism further includes: a rubber block 304; wherein, the rubber block 304 is fixed at the bottom of the first groove 3012.

A first bolt mounting hole 3013 is formed in the upper end surface of the lock base 301 at a position corresponding to the first groove 3012;

the rubber block 304 is provided with a groove matched with the first bolt 306, and the rubber block 304 is fixed at the bottom of the first groove 3012 by the first bolt 306 passing through the first bolt mounting hole 3013 to be matched with the groove.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the rubber block 304 is disposed in the bottom of the first groove 3012, so that the rubber block 304 plays a role of buffering, thereby reducing the friction between the lock seat 301 and the locking part, and prolonging the life of the locking mechanism assembly.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a groove may be further formed at a position corresponding to the first groove 3012 on the top of the lock holder 301, and the first bolt mounting hole 3013 is disposed in the groove. So that the first bolt 306 does not protrude from the top surface of the lock housing 301.

Further, in order to improve power battery's change efficiency, realize treating the quick location and the change of mounting, the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, locking mechanism still includes: a detection device comprising a magnetic block;

the magnetic block is embedded in the locking component 302 and/or the secondary locking piece of the locking mechanism.

Specifically, the magnetic block is embedded in the lock bolt 3021 of the lock component 302, and/or embedded in the lock block 3054 of the secondary lock member; the magnetic block is embedded on the locking part of the piece to be fixed, and the installation state is determined by monitoring the magnetic field change of the position of the magnetic block; wherein the installation state includes: after the fastener is in place, the locking member 302 is in place and the secondary lock has been released. Specifically, the magnetic field change can be detected in real time by an externally arranged sensor, wherein the externally arranged sensor is preferably arranged at a position corresponding to the magnetic block when the locking mechanism is in a locking state.

Specifically, when the locking mechanism is in a locked state and the sensor detects a change in the magnetic field, the sensor outputs a detection electrical signal. Wherein the detection electrical signal is an electrical signal that characterizes the in-position/out-of-lock.

Specifically, the sensor may be disposed on the fixing member, the vehicle body, or other positions corresponding to the magnetic blocks, as long as the sensor can detect the change of the magnetic field when the to-be-fixed member is in place, the locking member 302 is locked, or the secondary locking member is locked. Preferably, the sensor may be connected to an external controller via a wire harness, wherein the external controller may be a vehicle control unit of an electric vehicle or a controller on a station side for replacing a component to be fixed, such as a power battery.

It should be noted that the principle of the in-place sensor is as follows: when a magnetic object approaches the in-place sensor, a Hall element on a switch detection surface of the in-place sensor generates a Hall effect to change the state of an internal circuit of the switch, so that the on-off of the switch is controlled by the magnetic object; preferably, the current effective action distance is 5 mm.

Optionally, the magnetic block is embedded in at least one locking portion of the to-be-fixed member, where the locking portion is a component for locking the to-be-fixed member on the lock base 301.

The magnetic block is embedded in at least one locking bolt 3021 of the locking component 302, wherein the locking bolt 3021 is used for clamping the locking part of the to-be-fixed member in the lock holder 301. Alternatively, the magnetic block is embedded in the link shaft 3022 of at least one of the locking members 302.

The magnetic block is embedded in a locking block 3054 of the secondary locking piece, wherein the locking block 3054 abuts against the locking part 302 when the locking mechanism is in a locking state.

It needs to emphasize, in order to improve the accuracy that detects, improve and trade electric efficiency, the embodiment of the utility model provides a preferred both inlay the magnetic path on locking bolt 3021, again inlay the magnetic path in the locking portion to and, inlay the scheme of magnetic path on the locking block of secondary locking piece, wherein, in order to avoid the mutual interference of detection, it has the magnetic path to inlay do not set up the magnetic path in the locking portion of locking bolt 3021 locking, with inlay the magnetic path locking portion complex do not set up the magnetic path in locking bolt 3021, and, be provided with the locking bolt of the lock seat of secondary locking piece with do not set up the magnetic path in the locking portion of lock seat locking.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a second bolt mounting hole 3016 penetrating through a front end surface and a rear end surface of the lock base 301 is arranged on the lock base 301, and the lock base 301 is connected to a fixing member by a second bolt 3019 penetrating through the second bolt mounting hole 3016;

the rear end face is an end face of the lock base 301 close to the fixing piece, and the front end face is an end face opposite to the rear end face.

Of course, the lock base 301 and the fixing member may be formed as an integral structure, so as to reduce the assembling process and improve the assembling efficiency.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a first positioning hole 3017 penetrating through the front end surface and the rear end surface is arranged on the lock base 301, a second positioning hole is arranged at a position on the fixing member corresponding to the first positioning hole 3017, and the positioning pin 3018 sequentially penetrates through the first positioning hole 3017 and the second positioning hole. Further, after the positioning pin 3018 passes through the first positioning hole 3017 and the second positioning hole, it is welded to the lock base 301 and the fixing element, respectively, so as to achieve positioning.

In addition, in order to avoid the possibility of corrosion of the locking mechanism assembly during long-term use, in the embodiment of the present invention, an anti-rust treatment layer is disposed on the surface of the lock base 301 and/or the locking member 302.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric automobile is still provided, including automobile body and power battery box, still include as above locking mechanism, power battery box passes through locking mechanism can dismantle with the automobile body and be connected.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism, comprising: the lock comprises a lock seat (301), a locking component (302) and a limiting component;

wherein, a locking part mounting hole (3011) is arranged on the lock seat (301);

a first groove (3012) with a downward opening is formed in the first end face of the lock seat (301), and the first groove (3012) is communicated with the locking component mounting hole (3011);

the lock base (301) is provided with a limiting part mounting hole (3015a) for accommodating the limiting part from the upper end face of the lock base (301), and the limiting part mounting hole (3015a) is communicated with the locking part mounting hole (3011);

and the top surface of the locking component (302) is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting component.

2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking member (302) comprises: a locking bolt (3021) and a connecting rod shaft (3022) arranged on the side wall of the locking bolt (3021);

wherein, a second groove (3014) is arranged on the second end surface of the lock seat (301);

when the locking bolt (3021) is arranged in the locking component mounting hole (3011) in a penetrating mode, the connecting rod shaft (3022) is located in the second groove (3014).

3. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising: a secondary locking member;

when the locking member (302) is in a locked state, the secondary locking piece is abutted against the locking member (302) to prevent the locking member (302) from moving relative to the lock holder (301).

4. The lock mechanism of claim 3, wherein a secondary lock member mounting through hole (3015b) for receiving the secondary lock member is formed in at least one of the lock holders (301) from a top end of the lock holder (301).

5. The latch mechanism of claim 4, wherein the secondary latch member comprises: the locking device comprises a locking block (3054), a second spring (3055) and a second plug (3056);

the locking block (3054), the second spring (3055) and the second plug (3056) are all located in the secondary locking piece mounting through hole (3015 b);

the locking block (3054) and the second plug (3056) are respectively arranged at two ends of the second spring (3055) and are connected with the second spring (3055);

when the locking member (302) locks the to-be-locked member, the locking block (3054) abuts against the locking member (302).

6. The lock-out mechanism of claim 2, wherein the lock-out bolt (3021) has an oil reservoir (3025) on a top surface thereof.

7. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the limiting member comprises: the device comprises a steel ball (3051), a first spring (3052) and a first plug (3053);

the steel ball (3051), the first spring (3052) and the first plug (3053) are all located in the limiting part mounting hole (3015 a);

the first plug (3053) and the steel ball (3051) are respectively arranged at two ends of the first spring (3052) and are connected with the first spring (3052); the steel ball (3051) is abutted with the limiting groove.

8. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising: a rubber block (304); the rubber block (304) is fixed to the bottom of the first groove (3012), and the bottom of the first groove (3012) is the end, away from the opening of the first groove (3012), of the rubber block.

9. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the lock holder (301) is provided with a first positioning hole (3017) penetrating through the first end face and the second end face, a second positioning hole is formed in a position, corresponding to the first positioning hole (3017), of the fixing member, and positioning pins are sequentially inserted into the first positioning hole (3017) and the second positioning hole and welded to the fixing member.

10. The locking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lock base (301) is provided with a second bolt mounting hole (3016) penetrating through the first end face and the second end face of the lock base (301), and the lock base (301) is connected to the fixing member by a second bolt (3019) penetrating through the second bolt mounting hole (3016).

11. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the lock holder (301) and/or the locking member (302) has a rust-proof treatment.

12. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising: a detection device comprising a magnetic block;

the magnetic block is embedded on the locking component (302) and/or a secondary locking piece of the locking mechanism.

13. An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a power battery box, and the like, further comprising the lock mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 12; the power battery box is detachably connected with the vehicle body through the locking mechanism.