CN211728543U - Vibration-assisted deflection turning device based on thin-walled beam cylindrical flexible hinge - Google Patents
Vibration-assisted deflection turning device based on thin-walled beam cylindrical flexible hinge Download PDFInfo
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- CN211728543U CN211728543U CN201922000728.5U CN201922000728U CN211728543U CN 211728543 U CN211728543 U CN 211728543U CN 201922000728 U CN201922000728 U CN 201922000728U CN 211728543 U CN211728543 U CN 211728543U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a super precision cutting and difficult processing material complicated optical parts processing technology field, concretely relates to parallelly connected drive vibration auxiliary yaw turning device based on flexible gyration hinge of thin wall roof beam tube-shape. The device comprises main components such as a single-point diamond cutter, an integrated flexible device platform, a height fine adjustment platform, a piezoelectric stack driver, a capacitive displacement sensor and the like. The utility model discloses inherit the theory that elliptical vibration cutting uses the flexible mechanism design to install the core, solved that elliptical vibration cutting process has the produced cutting of vibration feed vestige between adjacent orbit to remain the problem that can't eliminate, kept the frictional resistance that vibration cutting technology reduced the smear metal, improve the machinability of difficult processing material, reduce cutting force and cutting heat, alleviate the advantage of diamond tool wearing and tearing, and the kinematic coupling and the power coupling condition of original parallelly connected drive vibration cutting device ubiquitous have been improved by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultraprecise cutting and difficult-to-machine material complex optical part machining, in particular to a parallel driving vibration auxiliary deflection turning device based on a thin-wall beam cylindrical flexible rotary hinge.
Background
Brittle materials such as optical crystals and ferritic materials such as super hard steels are widely used in precision part machining and mold manufacturing, and at present, these brittle and hard materials are mainly machined by using diamond cutters, but due to the brittle and hard characteristics of these materials, severe cutter wear and deterioration of the quality of the machined surface are often caused during the cutting process.
In the 20 th century, the japanese scholar shankulan was the first to propose a vibration cutting theory by adding a small amplitude of high-frequency vibration to a conventional cutting tool, which performs high-speed reciprocating vibration in the direction of cutting speed, and in each vibration cycle, the tool is involved in cutting only a part of the time, namely, one-dimensional vibration cutting.
In 1994, the society of japan ancient houses university, english-two (Shamoto) and sen side jun (Moriwaki) proposed elliptical vibration cutting based on one-dimensional vibration cutting, in which a tool makes elliptical motion in an orthogonal plane perpendicular to a machined surface. In an ellipse period, the cutter only takes part in cutting in a part of time, and the other part of time is separated from the chips, in the separation process, the direction of the friction force between the chips and the front cutter face is reversed due to the reverse cutting speed, so that the friction resistance of the chips is greatly reduced, the machinability of the difficult-to-machine materials is improved, and meanwhile, the cutting force and the cutting heat can be reduced to a greater extent in the cutting process, the abrasion of the diamond cutter is reduced, the surface machining quality is greatly improved, and the like.
Elliptical vibration cutting has been developed on the premise that due to its intermittent cutting and frictional force reversal characteristics, elliptical vibration cutting is considered to be one of the most potential ways to efficiently machine difficult-to-machine materials. However, due to the fact that cutting residues generated by vibration feed marks between adjacent tracks exist in the elliptical track cannot be eliminated, and the motion coupling and force coupling between motion shafts become bottlenecks which limit further development of the elliptical track, the cutting residues and the coupling phenomena can only be reduced as much as possible by using a traditional parameter optimization method, and the problem cannot be really solved.
The vibration-assisted deflection cutting machining is developed on the basis of elliptical vibration-assisted cutting, inherits the concept that elliptical vibration cutting is designed by a flexible mechanism as a core of the device, namely, uses a device for realizing motion, force or energy transmission and conversion by means of deformation of a flexible unit processed in an integrated mode. Compared with the traditional rigid mechanism, the flexible mechanism has the advantages of high precision, high reliability, no clearance, no friction, no abrasion, no lubrication, no assembly and the like.
The invention selects a new vibration cutting mode, so that the tool path of vibration cutting is not limited to a straight reciprocating or elliptical path any more, and meanwhile, the device performs some targeted structure optimization on the basis, aiming at solving the problems existing in the elliptical vibration cutting and further improving the processing efficiency and quality.
Compared with the similar devices which select deflection and the like as cutting tracks of the cutter, the invention selects the thin-wall beam cylindrical rotary hinge with stable rotary axis as the main component for realizing the cutter to rotate around the center of the circular arc of the cutter point (namely the cutter location point); and a decoupling structure which is formed by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges and aims at the parallel driving device is provided, so that the common motion coupling and force coupling conditions of the original parallel driving vibration cutting device are greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a parallel driving vibration auxiliary deflection turning device based on a thin-wall beam cylindrical flexible rotary hinge, which enables the tool track of vibration cutting not to be limited to a straight reciprocating or elliptical track any more, thereby solving the problem that the cutting residue generated by vibration feed marks between adjacent tracks existing in the elliptical track of the elliptical vibration cutting cannot be eliminated.
In the vibration-assisted deflection cutting process, a cutter deflects left and right at a certain speed around the arc center (namely a cutter point) of a cutter point, a workpiece rotates at a high speed around a main shaft, a cutting track of the cutter generates continuous overlapped Z-shaped cutting traces on the surface of the workpiece, and meanwhile, the position of a contact point of the cutter and the workpiece on the cutter generates continuous periodic change along with the deflection action of the cutter.
The device also designs a decoupling structure which is formed by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges and aims at the parallel driving device, so that the motion coupling and force coupling conditions of the original parallel driving vibration cutting device are greatly improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
(1) the device of the invention is integrally assembled as shown in figure 1, a single-point diamond cutter 2 is arranged on an integrated flexible device platform 3 by a cutter mounting screw 1; the two piezoelectric stack drivers 8 are respectively arranged on the integrated flexible device platform 3 through piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening mechanisms consisting of piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 and piezoelectric driver pre-tightening screws 7; two capacitive displacement sensor mounting clips 9 pass through the capacitive displacement sensor mounting clip insertion holes 307 to mount clip mounting screws (upper) 10 (2) and mounting clip mounting screws (lower) 12 (2) on the integrated flexible device platform 3; the two capacitive displacement measurement baffles 14 are arranged on the integrated flexible device platform 3 by baffle mounting screws 15 on the left side and the right side; the two capacitive displacement sensors 11 are respectively arranged on the two capacitive displacement sensor mounting clamps 9 through capacitive displacement sensor fastening screws 13; the integrated flexible device platform 3 is arranged on a wedge block 401 of the height micro-adjusting platform 4 by four flexible device platform mounting screws 5 penetrating through flexible device platform mounting screw holes 308; the wedge 401 is linked with the fine adjustment base 503 through two trapezoidal slide rails 405, and the height adjustment of the height fine adjustment platform 4 is realized by the height fine adjustment screw 403.
(2) The flexible device platform structure and the components are shown in figures 2 and 3, an integrated flexible device platform 3 is composed of two groups of straight-plate parallel flexible hinges 306 which are symmetrically distributed, a left piezoelectric stack driver 8 and a right piezoelectric stack driver 8 which are connected in parallel, piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanisms which are composed of the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 composed of the straight-plate flexible hinges and the piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws 7 on the corresponding sides are designed to be symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side, the two piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 realize the pre-tightening of the two piezoelectric stack drivers 8 under the action of the left piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws 7 and the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 taking the straight-plate pre-tightening flexible hinges as a prototype have the effects of stably fixing the piezoelectric stack drivers and uniformly applying force; the thin-wall beam cylinder flexible rotary hinge is composed of two groups of torsional thin-wall beams 304 and three layers of cylinders 301, 302 and 303, and can realize the relative rotary action among the three layers of cylinders by the torsional deformation of the thin-wall beams; the symmetrically distributed parallel driving part and the rotating part are connected by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges 305 respectively consisting of two straight-plate flexible hinges so as to realize the decoupling of the two symmetrical driving mechanisms.
(3) The flexible device platform structure is shown in figure 3, the thin-wall beam cylindrical rotary hinge mechanism has a stable rotary axis, and based on the characteristic, the accurate axis positioning of the deflection motion of the single-point diamond tool 2 around the arc center (namely a tool bit point) of a tool tip can be realized; the left piezoelectric stack driver 8 completes pre-tightening through a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanism consisting of a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinge 6 and a corresponding side piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screw 7, converts a received signal into a driving force, pushes the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 and the cylindrical rotary hinge middle layer 302 through the X-shaped flexible hinge 305, and enables the torsional thin-walled beam (upper side) 304 to be twisted and deformed, so that the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 and the cylindrical rotary hinge middle layer 302 do clockwise rotary motion around the axis of the cylinder; the right piezoelectric stack driver 8 completes pre-tightening through a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanism consisting of a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinge 6 and a piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screw 7 on the corresponding side, converts a received signal into a driving force, pushes the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 through the X-shaped flexible hinge 305, enables the torsional thin-walled beam (lower side) 304 to be distorted and deformed, and further enables the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the cylinder, so that when the driving forces on the two ends are symmetrically changed, the effective movement of the single-point diamond cutter 2 swinging left and right around the cutter point can be realized.
The driving signals of the two piezoelectric stack drivers can be respectively expressed as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,V 1andV 2are respectively a driving signalX 1(t) AndX 2(t) The amplitude of (d);tis a variable of the time that it is,φ 1andφ 2are respectively a driving signalX 1(t) AndX 2(t) The initial phase of (a);frespectively the frequency of the drive signal.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the flexible hinge platform is provided with three layers of thin-wall beam cylindrical flexible rotary hinges, the thin-wall beam cylindrical rotary hinge mechanism has a stable rotary axis, and accurate axis positioning of the single-point diamond tool 2 around the deflection motion of the arc center (namely the tool bit point) of the tool tip can be realized based on the characteristic.
(2) The device is provided with a piezoelectric actuator pre-tightening mechanism, the two piezoelectric actuator pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 realize pre-tightening of the two piezoelectric stack actuators 8 under the action of the pre-tightening screws 7 of the left and right piezoelectric stack actuators, and the piezoelectric actuator pre-tightening flexible hinge 6 taking the straight plate type flexible hinge as a prototype has the effects of stably fixing the piezoelectric stack actuators and uniformly stressing the piezoelectric stack actuators.
(3) The symmetrically distributed parallel driving part and the rotating part are connected by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges 305 respectively consisting of two straight-plate flexible hinges so as to realize the decoupling of the two symmetrical driving mechanisms.
(4) According to the invention, the thin-wall beam cylinder flexible rotary hinge enables the single-point diamond tool 2 to finish the reciprocating deflection of the tool tip around the center of the arc of the tool tip (tool position point) in the cutting process, so that the arc of the tool edge actually participating in cutting of the single-point diamond tool 2 is changed along with the deflection of the single-point diamond tool 2 in the cutting process, the contact area of the workpiece to be machined and the single-point diamond tool 2 is not fixed in a certain specific area any more, the cutting force and the wear of the tool are homogenized, and the purpose of prolonging the service life of the tool is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a rear axle side view of an integrally assembled parallel drive vibration assisted yaw turning apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of an assembled integral flexible hinge portion of a parallel driven vibration assisted yaw turning apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a front axial view of an integrated flexible hinge part of a parallel driving vibration assisted yaw turning device;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the wedge height micro-adjustment platform.
Description of reference numerals:
1-tool mounting screws; 2-single point diamond tool; 3-an integral flexible device platform; 301-cylindrical swing hinge top layer; 302-cylindrical swing hinge middle layer; 303-cylindrical swing hinge bottom layer; 304-twisted thin wall beams; 305-X type hinges; 306-bar type flexible hinges; 307-capacitive displacement sensor mounting clip insertion holes; 308-mounting screw holes on the platform of the flexible device; 4-height fine adjustment platform; 401-wedge block; 402-fine tuning of the platform base; 403-height fine adjustment screws; 404 height fine-tuning screw holes; 405-trapezoidal sliding rails; 5-mounting screws on the flexible device platform; 6-pre-tightening the flexible hinge by the piezoelectric actuator; 7-pre-tightening the screw by the piezoelectric actuator; 8-a piezo stack driver; 9-capacitive displacement sensor mounting clips; 10-mounting clip mounting screws (on); 11-capacitive displacement sensors; 12-mounting clip mounting screw (down); 13-capacitive displacement sensor fastening screws; 14-capacitive displacement measuring baffles; 15-baffle mounting screw.
Detailed Description
The device of the invention is integrally assembled as shown in figure 1, a single-point diamond cutter 2 is arranged on an integrated flexible device platform 3 by a cutter mounting screw 1; the two piezoelectric stack drivers 8 are respectively arranged on the integrated flexible device platform 3 through piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening mechanisms consisting of piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 and piezoelectric driver pre-tightening screws 7; two capacitive displacement sensor mounting clips 9 pass through the capacitive displacement sensor mounting clip insertion holes 307 to mount clip mounting screws (upper) 10 (2) and mounting clip mounting screws (lower) 12 (2) on the integrated flexible device platform 3; the two capacitive displacement measurement baffles 14 are arranged on the integrated flexible device platform 3 by baffle mounting screws 15 on the left side and the right side; the two capacitive displacement sensors 11 are respectively arranged on the two capacitive displacement sensor mounting clamps 9 through capacitive displacement sensor fastening screws 13; the integrated flexible device platform 3 is arranged on a wedge block 401 of the height micro-adjusting platform 4 by four flexible device platform mounting screws 5 penetrating through flexible device platform mounting screw holes 308; the wedge 401 is linked with the fine adjustment base 503 through two trapezoidal slide rails 405, and the height adjustment of the height fine adjustment platform 4 is realized by the height fine adjustment screw 403.
The flexible device platform structure and the components are shown in figures 2 and 3, an integrated flexible device platform 3 is composed of two groups of straight-plate parallel flexible hinges 306 which are symmetrically distributed, a left piezoelectric stack driver 8 and a right piezoelectric stack driver 8 which are connected in parallel, piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanisms which are composed of the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 composed of the straight-plate flexible hinges and the piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws 7 on the corresponding sides are designed to be symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side, the two piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 realize the pre-tightening of the two piezoelectric stack drivers 8 under the action of the left piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws 7 and the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges 6 taking the straight-plate pre-tightening flexible hinges as a prototype have the effects of stably fixing the piezoelectric stack drivers and uniformly applying force; the thin-wall beam cylinder flexible rotary hinge is composed of two groups of torsional thin-wall beams 304 and three layers of cylinders 301, 302 and 303, and can realize the relative rotary action among the three layers of cylinders by the torsional deformation of the thin-wall beams; the symmetrically distributed parallel driving part and the rotating part are connected by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges 305 respectively consisting of two straight-plate flexible hinges so as to realize the decoupling of the two symmetrical driving mechanisms.
The flexible device platform structure is shown in figure 3, the thin-wall beam cylindrical rotary hinge mechanism has a stable rotary axis, and accurate axis positioning of the deflection motion of the single-point diamond tool 2 around the center of a tool tip arc (namely a tool bit point) can be realized on the basis of the characteristic; the left piezoelectric stack driver 8 completes pre-tightening through a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanism consisting of a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinge 6 and a corresponding side piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screw 7, converts a received signal into a driving force, pushes the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 and the cylindrical rotary hinge middle layer 302 through the X-shaped flexible hinge 305, and enables the torsional thin-walled beam (upper side) 304 to be twisted and deformed, so that the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 and the cylindrical rotary hinge middle layer 302 do clockwise rotary motion around the axis of the cylinder; the right piezoelectric stack driver 8 completes pre-tightening through a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanism consisting of a piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinge 6 and a piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screw 7 on the corresponding side, converts a received signal into a driving force, pushes the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 through the X-shaped flexible hinge 305, enables the torsional thin-walled beam (lower side) 304 to be distorted and deformed, and further enables the cylindrical rotary hinge top layer 301 to rotate anticlockwise around the axis of the cylinder, so that when the driving forces on the two ends are symmetrically changed, the effective movement of the single-point diamond cutter 2 swinging left and right around the cutter point can be realized.
The working principle of the device according to the invention in practical production is briefly described with reference to fig. 1-4:
(1) mounting the assembled flexible device platform on a workbench of a numerical control lathe; a workpiece is clamped on a main shaft of a machine tool, the transient angle of the main shaft is collected through a rotary grating, and the circular feeding motion of the workpiece is realized through the rotation of the main shaft.
(2) The device is arranged on a guide rail of a numerical control lathe, control signals are respectively applied to a left piezoelectric stacking driver 8 and a right piezoelectric stacking driver 8, and the piezoelectric stacking drivers 8 linearly move along the Y axis of the lathe under the action of straight plate type flexible hinges 306 symmetrically distributed on two sides by adjusting parameters (amplitude, frequency and phase angle) of the applied signals, so that the thin-wall beam cylindrical flexible rotary hinges are driven to complete bidirectional rotation, the diamond tool 2 generates an ideal deflection motion track around the arc center (tool location point) of a tool tip, and a main cutting motion of deflection cutting is generated.
(3) The capacitive displacement sensor 11 is used for detecting the micro displacement of the capacitive displacement measurement baffle 14 output by the piezoelectric stack driver 8, and the actual output displacement is corrected through a high-performance controller fed back.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a supplementary beat turning device of vibration based on flexible hinge of thin wall roof beam tube-shape which characterized in that: the device comprises a single-point diamond cutter (2), an integrated flexible device platform (3), a height micro-adjusting platform (4), a piezoelectric stack driver (8) and a capacitance displacement sensor (11); the device also comprises a cutter mounting screw (1), a flexible device platform mounting screw (5), a capacitive displacement sensor mounting clamp (9), mounting clamp mounting screws (10, 12), a capacitive displacement sensor fastening screw (13), a capacitive displacement measurement baffle (14) and a baffle mounting screw (15); the device comprises a cutter mounting screw (1), a flexible device platform mounting screw (5), two groups of capacitive displacement sensors (11), two groups of mounting screws (13) and two groups of capacitive displacement measurement baffles (14), wherein the cutter mounting screw (1) is used for mounting a single-point diamond cutter (2) on an integrated flexible device platform (3), the flexible device platform mounting screw (5) is used for mounting the integrated flexible device platform (3) on the top surface of a wedge block (401) of a height micro-adjusting platform (4), the two groups of capacitive displacement sensors are mounted on capacitive displacement sensor mounting clamps (9) which are mounted on two sides of the integrated flexible device platform (3) through mounting clamp mounting screws (10 and 12), and the two groups of capacitive displacement measurement baffles (14) are respectively mounted on the integrated flexible device platform (3) through baffle; the integrated flexible device platform (3) is composed of two groups of straight plate type parallel flexible hinges (306) which are symmetrically distributed, a left piezoelectric stack driver and a right piezoelectric stack driver (8) which form a parallel driving part, piezoelectric driver pre-tightening mechanisms composed of the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges (6) and piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws (7) are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side, the two piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges (6) realize pre-tightening of the two piezoelectric stack drivers (8) under the action of the left piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws (7) and the right piezoelectric stack driver pre-tightening screws (7), and the piezoelectric driver pre-tightening flexible hinges (6) taking the straight plate type pre-tightening flexible hinges as prototypes have the effects of enabling the piezoelectric stack.
2. The vibration-assisted deflection turning device based on the thin-walled beam cylindrical flexible hinge is characterized in that: the rotating part of the flexible device platform is composed of a thin-wall beam cylinder flexible rotating hinge, the thin-wall beam cylinder flexible rotating hinge is composed of two groups of torsional thin-wall beams (304) and three layers of cylinders (301, 302 and 303), and the relative rotating action among the three layers of cylinders can be realized by the torsional deformation of the thin-wall beams; the symmetrically distributed parallel driving part and the rotating part are connected by two groups of X-shaped flexible hinges (305) respectively consisting of two straight-plate flexible hinges so as to realize the decoupling of two symmetrical driving mechanisms.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115042010A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-13 | 长春工业大学 | Four-piezoelectric-driven quasi-intermittent vibration auxiliary deflection turning device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115042010A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-13 | 长春工业大学 | Four-piezoelectric-driven quasi-intermittent vibration auxiliary deflection turning device |
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