CN211700548U - Frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load - Google Patents
Frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load Download PDFInfo
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- CN211700548U CN211700548U CN202020685405.4U CN202020685405U CN211700548U CN 211700548 U CN211700548 U CN 211700548U CN 202020685405 U CN202020685405 U CN 202020685405U CN 211700548 U CN211700548 U CN 211700548U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a frequency conversion self-adaptation distributed antenna load, distributed antenna load constitute by N high frequency route and N low frequency route are parallelly connected, N high frequency route interval sets up between N low frequency route, the high frequency route is organized RC series circuit by M and is established ties and constitute, RC series circuit comprises a low inductance high voltage resistance and a high-voltage pulse electric capacity, the low frequency route is established ties by M low inductance high voltage resistance and is constituteed. The antenna load provided by the utility model is a frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load suitable for the construction of an electromagnetic pulse bounded wave simulator, and the antenna load and an antenna system matched with the antenna load can obtain a pulse electric field meeting the requirements in a working space only by 1% -5% of energy storage in a traditional mode on the premise of not influencing the waveform basically; the system cost is greatly reduced, and the problem of operation safety is also greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electromagnetic pulse is bounded ripples radiation antenna technique specifically is a frequency conversion self-adaptation distributed antenna load.
Background
The bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator is a device for carrying out electromagnetic pulse radiation effect experiments, and can undertake the tasks of effect experiments, protection performance detection and evaluation at equipment level and system level. At present, various bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulators are built abroad, and can simulate high-altitude nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulses, ground nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulses, thunder electromagnetic pulses and the like, and have high performance indexes and large construction scale. The domestic simulation equipment mainly simulates high-altitude nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulses, the radiation field environment index is equivalent to the international level, but the quantity and scale of simulators have great difference with foreign countries, and meanwhile, a small ground nuclear explosion low-frequency strong electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system is also established, so that the effect and protection experiment of small and medium-sized tested pieces can be met.
The existing bounded wave simulator antenna is of a parallel line structure, the antenna load is in a centralized or distributed mode, the resistance is fixed, when the height of the antenna is higher, the field intensity in the parallel line is kept unchanged, the energy storage of a pulse capacitor bank needs to be high, the pulse source manufacturing cost is directly high, meanwhile, the high energy also has potential safety hazards, in order to solve the problem, a novel antenna load with variable resistance is urgently needed to be developed to reduce the requirement on the energy storage of the pulse source, and therefore the problem is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the research of the background technology, the utility model aims to provide a frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load, which uses the antenna load and an antenna system matched with the antenna load to obtain a pulse electric field meeting the requirements in a working space by only needing 1 to 5 percent of energy storage in a traditional mode on the premise of basically not influencing the waveform in the construction of a bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator; because the energy storage is greatly reduced, the system cost is also greatly reduced, and the problem of operation safety is also greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load comprises a bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator, wherein the bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator comprises a pulse source and an antenna system, the antenna system is arranged on the right side of the pulse source, the antenna system comprises an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate and a distributed antenna load, the lower polar plate is horizontally arranged, the upper polar plate is arranged above the lower polar plate through an antenna support, and the distributed antenna load is arranged between the right end of the upper polar plate and the right end of the lower polar plate; the distributed antenna load is formed by connecting N high-frequency paths and N low-frequency paths in parallel, the N high-frequency paths are arranged among the N low-frequency paths at intervals, the high-frequency paths are formed by connecting M groups of RC series circuits in series, each RC series circuit is formed by connecting a low-inductance high-voltage resistor and a high-voltage pulse capacitor, and the low-frequency paths are formed by connecting M low-inductance high-voltage resistors in series; the upper polar plate is composed of 2N metal wires connected in parallel, the left ends of the 2N metal wires connected in parallel are connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse source, the right ends of the metal wires connected in parallel are respectively and correspondingly connected with the left end of the distributed antenna load, the right ends of the distributed antenna load are respectively connected with the right end of the lower polar plate, and the left end of the lower polar plate is connected with the zero potential end of the pulse source.
The whole structure of the antenna system consists of a front cone section, a parallel section and a load section, wherein the front cone section is positioned on the left side of the parallel section and is adjacent to the pulse source, the load section is positioned on the right side of the parallel section, the left section of the upper polar plate and the left section of the lower polar plate form the front cone section, the right section of the upper polar plate and the middle section of the lower polar plate form the parallel section, and the distributed antenna load and the right section of the lower polar plate form the load section; in the parallel section, 2N metal wires of the upper polar plate are arranged in parallel in a plane at intervals and are parallel to the lower polar plate, and the space between the parallel sections of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate is the experimental space of the electromagnetic pulse simulator; in the front conical section, 2N metal wires of the upper polar plate form a downward inclined conical inclined plane at the left end of the parallel section; in the load section, N high-frequency paths and N low-frequency paths of the distributed antenna load are arranged in parallel at intervals, a downward inclined plane is formed at the right end of the parallel section, and the right end of the inclined plane is intersected with the right end of the lower polar plate.
2N metal wires of the upper polar plate are arranged at equal intervals in parallel sections of the antenna system; and the N high-frequency paths and the N low-frequency paths of the distributed antenna load are also arranged at equal intervals.
The lower polar plate of the antenna is a metal net or a plurality of metal wires.
The pulse source is a pulse power source based on a Marx principle.
The principle of the utility model is as follows: the frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load is composed of a series of high-frequency low-inductance capacitors and low-inductance resistors, and switching of the circuit load is realized by frequency crossing; under high frequency, the self-adaptive load presents low impedance, and can prevent the front-edge high-frequency component from reflecting back to the experimental working space, thereby not causing distortion to the electric field waveform of the experimental working space; at low frequencies, the frequency-varying adaptive load presents a high impedance, and the antenna can be considered as an electrically small device with respect to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating at that time, and the pulse width is determined by the equivalent impedance of the frequency-varying adaptive load, independently of the antenna impedance.
The utility model has the advantages that: the antenna load provided by the utility model is a frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load suitable for the construction of an electromagnetic pulse bounded wave simulator, and the antenna load and an antenna system matched with the antenna load can obtain a pulse electric field meeting the requirements in a working space only by 1% -5% of energy storage in a traditional mode on the premise of not influencing the waveform basically; because the energy storage is greatly reduced, the system cost is greatly reduced, and the problem of operation safety is also greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of electric field waveforms of a working space obtained under a frequency-varying adaptive load in an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front edge curve diagram of the electric field waveform of the working space in the embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the change of the impedance of the frequency-varying adaptive load with time in the embodiment.
In the figure, 1, a pulse source, 2, an antenna system, 201, a front cone segment, 202, a parallel segment, 203, a load segment, 3, an upper polar plate, 4, a lower polar plate, 5, a distributed antenna load, 501, a high-frequency path, 502, a low-frequency path, 6, an RC series circuit, 601, a low-inductance high-voltage resistor, 602, a high-voltage pulse capacitor, 7 and a metal wire.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load includes a bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator, where the bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator includes a pulse source 1 and an antenna system 2, the antenna system 2 is disposed on the right side of the pulse source 1, the antenna system 2 includes an upper plate 3, a lower plate 4, and a distributed antenna load 5, where the lower plate 4 is disposed horizontally, the upper plate 3 is disposed above the lower plate 4 through an antenna bracket, and the distributed antenna load 5 is disposed between the right end of the upper plate 3 and the right end of the lower plate 4; the distributed antenna load 5 is formed by connecting N high-frequency paths 501 and N low-frequency paths 502 in parallel, the N high-frequency paths 501 are arranged among the N low-frequency paths 502 at intervals, the high-frequency paths 501 are formed by connecting M groups of RC series circuits 6 in series, each RC series circuit 6 is formed by connecting a low-inductance high-voltage resistor 601 and a high-voltage pulse capacitor 602, and each low-frequency path 502 is formed by connecting M low-inductance high-voltage resistors in series; the upper polar plate 3 is composed of 2N parallel metal wires 7, the left ends of the 2N parallel metal wires 7 are connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse source 1, the right ends of the 2N parallel metal wires 7 are correspondingly connected with the left end of the distributed antenna load 5, the right ends of the distributed antenna load 5 are connected with the right end of the lower polar plate 4, and the left end of the lower polar plate 4 is connected with the zero potential end of the pulse source 1.
The whole structure of the antenna system 2 is composed of a front cone section 201, a parallel section 202 and a load section 203, the front cone section 201 is positioned on the left side of the parallel section 202 and is adjacent to the pulse source 1, the load section 203 is positioned on the right side of the parallel section 202, wherein the left section of the upper polar plate 3 and the left section of the lower polar plate 4 form the front cone section 201, the right section of the upper polar plate 3 and the middle section of the lower polar plate 4 form the parallel section 202, and the distributed antenna load 5 and the right section of the lower polar plate 4 form the load section 203; in the parallel section 202, 2N metal wires 7 of the upper polar plate 3 are arranged in parallel in a plane at intervals and are parallel to the lower polar plate 4, and the space between the parallel section 202 of the upper polar plate 3 and the lower polar plate 4 is an experimental space of the electromagnetic pulse simulator; in the front conical section 201, 2N metal wires 7 of the upper polar plate 3 form a downward inclined conical inclined plane at the left end of the parallel section 202; in the load section 203, N high-frequency paths 501 and N low-frequency paths 502 of the distributed antenna load 5 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and form a downward inclined plane at the right end of the parallel section 202, and the right end of the inclined plane is intersected with the right end of the lower polar plate 4.
The antenna lower polar plate 4 is a metal net or a plurality of metal wires.
The pulse source is a pulse power source based on a Marx principle.
Example 1
Now according to the utility model provides a technical scheme establishes the electromagnetic pulse bounded wave simulator, and its pulse field parameter of simulator of design is: 70kV/m, pulse width of 1ms, pulse leading edge less than 100ns, Marx form adopted by its pulse source, parameters are: the output direct current high voltage is 800kV, and the built-up capacitance is 100 nF.
The antenna system consists of a front cone section, a parallel section and a frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load section, wherein the length of the front cone section is 30m, the length of the parallel section is 15m, the width of the parallel section is 15m, the height of the parallel section is 10m, the length of the frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load section is about 15m, the total length of the antenna is 60m, the width of the antenna is 15m, and the aspect ratio of the antenna to the height of the antenna is 1.5: 1, the antenna impedance is about 150 Ω; the antenna system is erected outdoors, the antenna support adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic winding pipe, the cross beam adopts a metal truss structure, the upper polar plate of the antenna adopts metal wires, and the distance between the metal wires is not more than 10 cm; the frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load section consists of metal wire series-parallel capacitance resistors, and 16 branches are connected in parallel; each section of the lower polar plate of the antenna adopts a stainless steel net, and the size of the grid is about 1cm multiplied by 1 cm. Fixed on the cement ground.
In this embodiment, the high-frequency path is composed of a 150 Ω low-inductance high-voltage resistor and a 10nF high-voltage pulse capacitor, and is designed to be 8-path parallel connection, each path is composed of 8 groups of single RC series circuits connected in series, each single RC series circuit is composed of a 150 Ω metal film resistor and a 10nF high-voltage pulse capacitor connected in series, the withstand voltage of each single resistor and capacitor is greater than 100kV, and the inductance of each high-frequency path loop is about 500 nF; the low-frequency path is composed of 15k omega low-inductance high-voltage resistors and is designed to be 8 paths of parallel connection, 8 15k omega metal film resistors are connected in series in each path, the withstand voltage of a single resistor is larger than 100kV, and the loop inductance is about 500 nF.
According to the estimation formula of the capacitor discharge pulse width:
tw＝0.69RC (1)
wherein R is the antenna impedance, and C is the Marx generator series capacitance.
As can be seen from equation (1), in the case of an antenna load being a normal load with a resistance of 150 Ω, the series capacitance of the Marx generator must reach 9.7 μ F to obtain a pulse width of 1ms, and therefore, the energy storage of the pulse source is 3.1 MJ:
W＝U2C/2＝3.1MJ (2)
after the frequency-varying adaptive load is adopted, the load resistance value is still 150 ohms under the high frequency condition, 15k omega (theoretical value) under the low frequency condition, and the pulse width is mainly determined by the low frequency impedance. To obtain a pulse width of 1ms, the series capacitance of the Marx generator must reach 0.097 muF, and at this time, the energy storage of the pulse source is about 31kJ, which is 1% of the energy storage in the conventional manner, so that a pulse electric field with a pulse width of 1ms can be obtained in the working space.
Example 1 a bounded wave simulator was built to produce a workspace electric field waveform as shown in figure 3 and a workspace electric field waveform leading edge as shown in figure 4, with an effective simulated waveform having a pulse width of about 1ms and a leading edge of less than 100 ns.
The impedance of the frequency-dependent adaptive load in example 1 as a function of time is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the leading-edge-pulse-phase frequency-varying adaptive load presents a low impedance, and the trailing-edge-pulse-phase frequency-varying adaptive load presents a high impedance.
The frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load in embodiment 1 is suitable for generating a pulsed electric field waveform with a steep pulse front, a large pulse width and a difference of more than 3 orders of magnitude between the two.
To sum up, the utility model provides a frequency conversion self-adaptation distributed antenna load, rather than the pulse source of complex only need 1% ~ 5% of traditional mode energy storage, just can obtain the pulsed electric field that satisfies the requirement at the workspace.
The part of the utility model not detailed is prior art.
Claims (5)
1. A frequency-varying self-adaptive distributed antenna load comprises a bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator, wherein the bounded wave electromagnetic pulse simulator comprises a pulse source (1) and an antenna system (2), the antenna system (2) is arranged on the right side of the pulse source (1), the antenna system (2) comprises an upper polar plate (3), a lower polar plate (4) and a distributed antenna load (5), the lower polar plate (4) is horizontally arranged, the upper polar plate (3) is arranged above the lower polar plate (4) through an antenna support, and the distributed antenna load (5) is arranged between the right end of the upper polar plate (3) and the right end of the lower polar plate (4); the method is characterized in that: the distributed antenna load (5) is formed by connecting N high-frequency paths (501) and N low-frequency paths (502) in parallel, the N high-frequency paths (501) are arranged between the N low-frequency paths (502) at intervals, the high-frequency paths (501) are formed by connecting M groups of RC series circuits (6) in series, each RC series circuit (6) is formed by connecting one low-inductance high-voltage resistor (601) and one high-voltage pulse capacitor (602), and the low-frequency paths (502) are formed by connecting M low-inductance high-voltage resistors in series; the upper polar plate (3) is composed of 2N parallel metal wires (7), the left ends of the 2N parallel metal wires (7) are connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse source (1), the right ends of the 2N parallel metal wires (7) are correspondingly connected with the left end of the distributed antenna load (5), the right ends of the distributed antenna load (5) are connected with the right end of the lower polar plate (4), and the left end of the lower polar plate (4) is connected with the zero potential end of the pulse source (1).
2. A frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna system (2) is integrally composed of a front conical section (201), a parallel section (202) and a load section (203), wherein the front conical section (201) is located on the left side of the parallel section (202) and is adjacent to the pulse source (1), the load section (203) is located on the right side of the parallel section (202), the left section of the upper polar plate (3) and the left section of the lower polar plate (4) form the front conical section (201), the right section of the upper polar plate (3) and the middle section of the lower polar plate (4) form the parallel section (202), and the distributed antenna load (5) and the right section of the lower polar plate (4) form the load section (203); in the parallel section (202), 2N metal wires (7) of the upper polar plate (3) are arranged in parallel in a plane at intervals and are parallel to the lower polar plate (4), and the space between the parallel section (202) of the upper polar plate (3) and the lower polar plate (4) is an experimental space of the electromagnetic pulse simulator; in the front conical section (201), 2N metal wires (7) of the upper polar plate (3) form a downward inclined conical inclined plane at the left end of the parallel section (202); in the load section (203), N high-frequency paths (501) and N low-frequency paths (502) of the distributed antenna load (5) are arranged in parallel at intervals and form a downward inclined plane at the right end of the parallel section (202), and the right end of the inclined plane is intersected with the right end of the lower polar plate (4).
3. A frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load as claimed in claim 2, wherein: 2N metal wires (7) of the upper polar plate (3) are arranged at equal intervals in a parallel section (202) of the antenna system (2); n high-frequency paths (501) and N low-frequency paths (502) of the distributed antenna load (5) are also arranged at equal intervals.
4. A frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna lower polar plate (4) is a metal net or a plurality of metal wires.
5. A frequency-varying adaptive distributed antenna load as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pulse source is a pulse power source based on a Marx principle.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112557785A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Bounded wave simulator |
| CN114034952A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 西南科技大学 | Strong electromagnetic pulse simulator with conveniently switched waveforms and configuration method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-04-29 CN CN202020685405.4U patent/CN211700548U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112557785A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Bounded wave simulator |
| CN114034952A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 西南科技大学 | Strong electromagnetic pulse simulator with conveniently switched waveforms and configuration method thereof |
| CN114034952B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-09-22 | 西南科技大学 | Strong electromagnetic pulse simulator with waveform convenient to switch and configuration method thereof |
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