CN211654764U - High-power microwave generating device - Google Patents
High-power microwave generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211654764U CN211654764U CN202020168969.0U CN202020168969U CN211654764U CN 211654764 U CN211654764 U CN 211654764U CN 202020168969 U CN202020168969 U CN 202020168969U CN 211654764 U CN211654764 U CN 211654764U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-power microwave generating device, which comprises an integrated controller, a signal source, a primary solid-state amplifier, a power divider, a plurality of same secondary solid-state amplifiers, a plurality of same klystrons, a synthesizer and a pulse compression device; the integrated controller is connected with a signal source, the signal source is connected with a first-stage solid-state amplifier, the first-stage solid-state amplifier is connected with a power divider, the power divider is connected with a plurality of same second-stage solid-state amplifiers, the second-stage solid-state amplifiers are respectively connected with corresponding klystrons, the klystrons are respectively connected with a synthesizer, the synthesizer is connected with a pulse compression device, and the pulse compression device further amplifies the synthesized radio-frequency signal. The utility model has simple implementation, low cost, higher reliability, smaller volume and certain maneuverability; simultaneously, this utility model can also regard as the transmitter of integrated design such as high power radar, jammer and microwave weapon.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high power microwave technical field especially relates to a high power microwave produces device.
Background
The high-power microwave has important application value in the fields of national defense, energy, aerospace, high-energy physics and the like. The application requirement of high-power microwave determines that improving the microwave output capability is an important development direction of high-power microwave systems. Due to the limitations of physical generation mechanisms of high-power microwaves, device process structures and the like, various microwave sources have power limitations. In order to break through the limitation of the output power of a single device, research on a power synthesis technology needs to be carried out. Particularly in the aspect of military application, research of countries such as America and Russia shows that technical fusion among radar, electronic warfare and missile defense is gradually accelerated, and the integrated design of radar and high-power microwave weapons becomes novel electronic system equipment integrating detection, interference and attack. Therefore, the power synthesis technology based on coherent radiation source is rapidly developed under the traction of the application requirements. Meanwhile, in order to meet application requirements, the compactness and lightness of a high-power microwave system are important development points, and are also key points for improving the system mobility and expanding the application range. In the technical scheme of power synthesis in the prior art, for example, a synthesis method adopted in a conventional klystron space power synthesis microwave source in a document utilizes a conventional electromagnetic focusing klystron, needs an additional focusing magnetic field power supply, is relatively complex in system adjustment, needs additional heat dissipation equipment, and causes a large system volume and low efficiency; the voltage of a klystron in the literature exceeds 320kV, the insulation requirement on a pulse modulator is high, the system is large in size and heavy in weight, and the use platform of the klystron is limited; in the literature, an induction superposition type pulse modulator is adopted, then a pulse transformer is driven to boost, a plurality of high-voltage high-power IGBT modules and induction transformers are used, the cost is high, and meanwhile, the external voltage of a high-voltage oil tank is high, the insulation requirement is high, and the size is large. Meanwhile, in the scheme of adopting a pulse compression device to boost the high-power microwave peak power in the prior art, the pulse compression device using a single SLAC energy multiplier is a narrow-band system, so that the whole high-power microwave generating device is also a narrow-band system, and the size of the SLAC energy multiplier is large, so that the size of the high-power microwave generating device is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve among the prior art medium and high power microwave synthesis system bulky, weight is heavy and problem with high costs, provide a high power microwave generation device of compactification, lightness, low cost.
Particularly the utility model provides a high power microwave generating device, which is characterized in that the microwave generating device comprises an integrated controller, a signal source, a first-stage solid-state amplifier, a power divider, a plurality of same second-stage solid-state amplifiers, a plurality of same klystrons, a synthesizer and a pulse compression device;
the integrated controller is connected with the signal source and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an initial radio frequency pulse signal;
the signal source is connected with the primary solid-state amplifier and is used for generating the initial radio frequency pulse signal;
the primary solid-state amplifier is connected with the power divider and is used for primarily amplifying the initial radio-frequency signal to obtain a primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal;
the power divider is respectively connected with each secondary solid-state amplifier and is used for dividing the primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal into a plurality of same distributed radio-frequency pulse signals;
the secondary solid-state amplifiers are respectively connected with corresponding permanent magnet focusing klystrons and are used for amplifying the multi-path distributed radio frequency pulse signals into secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals;
the permanent magnetic focusing klystrons are connected with the synthesizer and are used for amplifying the multi-path secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals into radio frequency pulse signals to be synthesized;
the synthesizer is connected with the pulse compression device and is used for synthesizing a plurality of paths of radio frequency pulse signals to be synthesized to generate synthesized radio frequency signals;
the pulse compression device adopts a plurality of spherical cavity energy multipliers which are connected in series and is used for further amplifying the synthesized radio frequency signal to obtain an output radio frequency pulse signal.
Furthermore, the microwave generating device comprises a pulse modulator, and the pulse modulator is connected with the centralized controller and used for generating high-voltage modulation pulses according to the timing and command signals of the centralized controller to drive the permanent magnet focusing klystron.
Furthermore, the microwave generating device includes a phase-reversal switch, and the phase-reversal switch is respectively connected to the signal source and the centralized controller, and is configured to timely reverse the phase of the initial radio frequency signal sent by the signal source by 180 ° according to the timing and command signal of the centralized controller.
Further, the microwave generating device includes a plurality of phase shifters, the phase shifters are respectively connected to the two-stage solid-state amplifier and the centralized controller, and the phase shifters adjust the phase of the two-stage amplified radio frequency pulse signal according to a command signal of the centralized controller, and report an adjustment result to the centralized controller.
Furthermore, the pulse modulator comprises a plurality of high-voltage pulse transformers, each high-voltage pulse transformer comprises a plurality of primary windings connected in parallel, each primary winding corresponds to one pulse modulation component, and secondary sides of the plurality of high-voltage pulse transformers are sequentially connected in series.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses in the radio frequency output power that a high power microwave generating device that provides can produce the hundred megawatt orders of magnitude, this utility model can also regard as the transmitter of integrated design such as high power radar, jammer and microwave weapon. The utility model discloses an embodiment is simple, and is with low costs, and the reliability is higher, and the volume is less, possesses certain mobility, can be used for vehicle platform.
The utility model discloses compare the electromagnetism focus klystron that uses in the double speed klystron synthetic scheme commonly used among the prior art, the utility model discloses a permanent magnetism focus klystron need not extra magnetic field power to entire system adopts natural cooling, need not extra radiator unit. The electromagnetic focusing klystrons in the prior art need extra magnetic field power supplies, each klystron needs to adjust magnetic field parameters, system adjustment is complex, extra heat dissipation equipment is needed, and the system is large in size and low in efficiency.
The utility model discloses compare the synthetic microwave mode of double speed governor pipe that adopts in prior art, adopt low-power klystron, every klystron output is lower, adopts 4 pipe synthesizations, can also use more klystrons synthesizations to reach hundred MW output. Compared with the prior art, the voltage and the current of the klystron have lower requirements, the system development difficulty is low, the size is small, and the klystron can be used for a vehicle-mounted platform and provides a high-power microwave transmitter for vehicle-mounted high-power radars, jammers, microwave weapons and the like. Under the condition of no pulse compression in the prior art, hundreds of MW magnitude output power is required, each klystron at least reaches 50MW output power, the voltage and current requirements of the klystrons are high, the insulation requirements on a pulse modulator are also relatively improved, the system difficulty is high, the size is large, the maneuverability is low, and an application platform is limited.
The utility model discloses compare in the high power microwave generation device who adopts single pulse compression device among the prior art, adopt a plurality of different operating frequency's pulse compression device to establish ties in proper order, the operating frequency of every pulse compression device of series connection scales up in proper order according to its bandwidth, and every compression device satisfies certain bandwidth requirement, makes whole high power microwave generation device possess certain bandwidth working ability. The single pulse compression device in the prior art is a narrow-band system, resulting in the whole high-power microwave generating device also being a narrow-band system.
The utility model discloses compare SLAC energy multiplier in prior art, adopt spherical chamber energy multiplier as pulse compression device, have small, compact structure's advantage. The prior art SLAC energy multiplier is large in size.
Compared with the induction superposition type pulse modulator in the prior art, the utility model adopts a mode that a plurality of pulse modulation components drive a high-transformation-ratio step-up transformer, and the secondary of the transformer is connected in series for step-up, thereby reducing the voltage of the primary pulse modulation component; each primary pulse modulation component can adopt an industrial low-voltage IGBT, a large number of induction superposition magnetic cores are not needed, and the system cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the external voltage of the high-voltage oil tank is very low, the insulation requirement is low, the development difficulty is reduced, and the requirement on the external environment is also reduced. In the prior art, the induction superposition type pulse modulator adopts a plurality of high-voltage high-power IGBT modules and induction transformers, so that the cost is high; and meanwhile, the external voltage of the high-voltage oil tank is higher, the insulation requirement is high, and the volume is large.
The utility model discloses in the high power microwave generation device that provides compare with the scheme in the "conventional klystron space power synthesis microwave source" of literature, when producing the microwave pulse of the same power, the utility model discloses well microwave generation device's volume has reduced more than 40%, and weight has reduced more than 30%, and the development cost has reduced more than 20%, adaptation vehicle-mounted platform that can be better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high power microwave generating device provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of signal amplification, synthesis and compression of a high power microwave generating device provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse modulator in a high power microwave generating device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of examples with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
As shown in fig. 1, a high power microwave generating apparatus includes a signal source, a phase-reversal switch, a first-stage solid-state amplifier, a power divider, first to fourth second-stage solid-state amplifiers, first to fourth phase shifters, first to fourth adjustable attenuators, first to fourth permanent-magnet focusing klystrons, first to fourth directional couplers, first to fourth circulators, a combiner, a pulse compression device, a pulse modulator, and a centralized controller; the first-fourth-stage solid-state amplifiers, the phase shifter, the adjustable attenuator, the permanent-magnet focusing klystron, the directional coupler and the circulator all adopt the same configuration.
The signal source is connected with the phase reversal switch; the phase reversal switch is connected with the first-stage solid-state amplifier; the first-stage solid-state amplifier is connected with the power divider; the power divider is respectively connected with the first-fourth-stage solid-state amplifiers; the first to fourth two-stage solid-state amplifiers are respectively connected with the first to fourth phase shifters; the first phase shifter, the second phase shifter, the third phase shifter, the fourth phase; the first to fourth adjustable attenuators are respectively connected with the first to fourth permanent magnetic focusing klystrons; the first to fourth permanent magnetic focusing klystrons are respectively connected with the first to fourth directional couplers; the first to fourth directional couplers are connected with the first to fourth circulators, respectively; the first to fourth circulators are respectively connected with the synthesizer; the synthesizer is connected with the pulse compression device; the integrated controller is connected with the signal source and the phase reversing switch, and is respectively connected with the first phase shifter, the second phase shifter, the third phase shifter, the fourth phase shifter and the fourth phase shifter; the pulse modulator is respectively connected with the first to the fourth permanent magnet focusing klystrons.
The signal source generates an initial radio frequency pulse signal meeting the requirements according to the timing and command signals of the integrated controller and sends the initial radio frequency pulse signal to the phase reversal switch. The phase reversal switch reverses the phase of the initial radio frequency pulse signal sent by the signal source by 180 degrees in time according to the timing and command signal of the integrated controller. And the primary solid-state amplifier amplifies the inverted initial radio-frequency pulse signal to generate a primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal and sends the primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal to the power divider. The power divider equally divides the first-stage amplified radio-frequency pulse signal into four paths of same distributed radio-frequency pulse signals, and respectively sends the four paths of same distributed radio-frequency pulse signals to the first-stage solid-state amplifier, the second-stage solid-state amplifier and the fourth-stage solid-state amplifier.
And the secondary solid-state amplifier respectively amplifies the four paths of distributed radio frequency pulse signals again to generate secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals, and respectively transmits the secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals to the corresponding phase shifters. And the phase shifter adjusts the phase of the secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signal according to the instruction signal of the integrated controller and reports the adjustment result to the integrated controller. The adjustable attenuator adjusts the amplitude of the radio frequency signal passing through the phase shifter and sends a signal with a proper size to the permanent magnet focusing klystron. The permanent magnet focusing klystron amplifies the radio frequency signal again to generate a radio frequency pulse signal to be synthesized. The utility model provides a permanent magnetism focus klystron need not extra magnetic field power, compares the electromagnetism focus klystron that adopts among the prior art and need not adjust magnetic field parameter, and system adjustment is comparatively succinct, owing to need not extra magnetic field to entire system adopts natural cooling, need not extra radiator, and the system is small, and efficiency is higher. Simultaneously, adopt 2 electromagnetism focusing klystrons to synthesize and reach hundred MW magnitude of power output among the prior art, the utility model discloses a four low-power klystrons, every klystron output is lower, adopts the multitube synthesis to reach hundred MW output, the system development degree of difficulty is low, and is small, can be used to on-vehicle platform. The directional coupler provides interfaces for monitoring the output power of the permanent magnet focusing klystron and monitoring the reflected power at the tail end, and is used for measuring the output power of each path of permanent magnet focusing klystron and the reflected power at the tail end in real time. The circulator is used for isolating the permanent magnet focusing klystron, the rear end synthesizer and the pulse compression device, and prevents the rear end impedance change from influencing and even damaging the permanent magnet focusing klystron. The synthesizer carries out power synthesis on the radio frequency pulse signals to be synthesized sent by the first to the fourth circulators and outputs synthesized radio frequency pulse signals.
The pulse compression device adopts a plurality of spherical cavity energy multipliers with different working frequencies which are sequentially connected in series, and the working frequency of each spherical cavity energy multiplier connected in series is sequentially increased progressively according to the bandwidth thereof; the pulse compression device performs pulse width compression on the synthesized radio-frequency pulse signal sent by the synthesizer to generate a finally output radio-frequency pulse signal, so that the peak power is improved, and the spherical cavity energy multiplier has the advantages of small volume and compact structure; compare the narrowband system that adopts single pulse compression device among the prior art simultaneously, in the application in the radar field, the requirement that the radar was surveyed can't be satisfied to the narrowband, the utility model discloses well every spherical chamber energy multiplier all satisfies certain bandwidth requirement, and the spherical chamber energy multiplier of a plurality of series connections possesses the working capacity of certain bandwidth, can provide the high power microwave signal that has certain bandwidth for the radar is used.
The pulse modulator generates high-voltage modulation pulses according to timing and command signals of the integrated controller and drives four permanent magnet focusing klystrons; compared with the prior art that an induction superposition type pulse modulator is adopted to drive a pulse transformer to boost, a plurality of high-voltage high-power IGBT modules and induction transformers are adopted, and the cost is high; meanwhile, the external voltage of the high-voltage oil tank is high, the insulation requirement is high, and the volume is large; the utility model discloses a high transformation ratio step up transformer mode of a plurality of pulse modulation subassembly drives, and the secondary series connection of transformer has stepped up simultaneously, has reduced the voltage of elementary pulse modulation subassembly. Each primary pulse modulation component can adopt an industrial low-voltage IGBT, a large number of induction superposition magnetic cores are not needed, and the system cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the external voltage of the high-voltage oil tank is very low, the insulation requirement is low, the development difficulty is reduced, and the requirement on the external environment is also reduced. The centralized controller realizes a centralized control function, monitors the working state of each circuit, samples key parameters and realizes quick protection, and meanwhile, the EPLD or the FPGA is adopted to generate different timing signals and control and adjust the working time sequence of the signal source, the phase reversal switch and the pulse modulator.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal source generates an initial rf pulse signal P1 with mW, which is amplified by a first-stage solid-state amplifier to obtain a first-stage amplified rf pulse signal P2 with tens of mW. The first-stage amplified radio frequency pulse signal P2 is evenly distributed by a power divider to obtain four paths of same mW-stage distributed radio frequency pulse signals P31-P34. The distributed radio frequency pulse signals P31-P34 are respectively amplified by four same secondary solid-state amplifiers to obtain four paths of secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals P41-P44 with hundreds of W to kW orders of magnitude, and the four paths of secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals are used as excitation signals of the permanent magnet focusing klystron; the secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals P41-P44 are amplified by four same permanent magnet focusing klystrons respectively to obtain four paths of radio frequency pulse signals P51-P54 to be synthesized with MW magnitude; after the power synthesis of the radio frequency pulse signal P51-P54 to be synthesized is realized by the synthesizer, a path of synthesized radio frequency pulse signal P6 with dozens of MW magnitude is output; after the synthesized radio frequency pulse signal P6 is subjected to pulse compression by the pulse compression device, the output radio frequency pulse signal P7 with hundred MW magnitude is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the pulse modulator includes M high voltage pulse transformers T1-TM, each including N parallel primary windings, each primary winding corresponding to a pulse modulation component. The secondary sides of the high-voltage pulse transformers T1 to TM are connected in series in sequence, the high-potential end of T1 is used as the high-potential end of the pulse modulator output, and the low-potential end of TM is used as the low-potential end of the pulse modulator output. The pulse modulation component in the pulse modulator generates a high-voltage pulse signal to drive a primary winding of a corresponding high-voltage pulse transformer.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the signal source generates milliwatt radio frequency pulse signals, and the milliwatt radio frequency pulse signals are amplified by the first-stage solid-state amplifier and are evenly distributed to four signal amplification links by the power divider. Each signal amplification link comprises two-stage amplification, the front stage adopts a two-stage solid-state amplifier, the final stage adopts a permanent magnet focusing klystron, and the radio-frequency pulse signals with milliwatt level sent by the power divider are amplified to several megawatt level. The radio frequency pulse signals output by the four paths of amplifying links are subjected to power synthesis through the synthesizer, so that dozens of megawatt radio frequency pulse signals are realized, then the pulse compression is carried out by utilizing the pulse compression device, and finally the high-power microwave power output of hundreds of megawatt is realized.
Although the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the invention should therefore be determined with reference to the claims that follow.
Claims (5)
1. A high-power microwave generating device is characterized by comprising an integrated controller, a signal source, a primary solid-state amplifier, a power divider, a plurality of same secondary solid-state amplifiers, a plurality of same klystrons, a synthesizer and a pulse compression device;
the integrated controller is connected with the signal source and is used for controlling the signal source to generate an initial radio frequency pulse signal;
the signal source is connected with the primary solid-state amplifier and is used for generating the initial radio frequency pulse signal;
the primary solid-state amplifier is connected with the power divider and is used for primarily amplifying the initial radio-frequency signal to obtain a primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal;
the power divider is respectively connected with each secondary solid-state amplifier and is used for dividing the primary amplified radio-frequency pulse signal into a plurality of same distributed radio-frequency pulse signals;
the secondary solid-state amplifiers are respectively connected with corresponding permanent magnet focusing klystrons and are used for amplifying the multi-path distributed radio frequency pulse signals into secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals;
the permanent magnetic focusing klystrons are connected with the synthesizer and are used for amplifying the multi-path secondary amplified radio frequency pulse signals into radio frequency pulse signals to be synthesized;
the synthesizer is connected with the pulse compression device and is used for synthesizing a plurality of paths of radio frequency pulse signals to be synthesized to generate synthesized radio frequency signals;
the pulse compression device adopts a plurality of spherical cavity energy multipliers which are connected in series and is used for further amplifying the synthesized radio frequency signal to obtain an output radio frequency pulse signal.
2. The microwave generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generating apparatus comprises a pulse modulator, and the pulse modulator is connected to the centralized controller, and is configured to generate a high-voltage modulation pulse according to a timing and command signal of the centralized controller, so as to drive the permanent magnet focusing klystron.
3. The microwave generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generating apparatus comprises a phase-flipping switch, and the phase-flipping switch is respectively connected to the signal source and the centralized controller, and is configured to timely flip a phase of the initial rf signal transmitted by the signal source by 180 ° according to a timing and command signal of the centralized controller.
4. The microwave generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generating apparatus includes a plurality of phase shifters, the phase shifters are respectively connected to the two-stage solid-state amplifier and the centralized controller, and the phase shifters adjust a phase of the two-stage amplified rf pulse signal according to a command signal from the centralized controller and report a result of the adjustment to the centralized controller.
5. The microwave generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pulse modulator comprises a plurality of high voltage pulse transformers, each of the high voltage pulse transformers comprises a plurality of parallel primary windings, each of the primary windings corresponds to one pulse modulating component, and secondary windings of the plurality of high voltage pulse transformers are sequentially connected in series.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111192804A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | High-power microwave generation device and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111192804A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | High-power microwave generation device and method |
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