CN211623913U

CN211623913U - Separation nut

Info

Publication number: CN211623913U
Application number: CN201922086327.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王泽林; 常耀予; 杜伟军; 周泽军
Original assignee: Shenzhen Zero One Space Electronics Co ltd; Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Zero One Space Technology Research Institute Co Ltd; Chongqing Zero One Space Technology Group Co Ltd; Xian Zero One Space Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Zero One Space Electronics Co ltd; Chongqing One Space Aerospace Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Zero One Space Technology Research Institute Co Ltd; Chongqing Zero One Space Technology Group Co Ltd; Xian Zero One Space Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-28

Abstract

The application discloses a breakaway nut. Comprises a base and a shell fixedly connected with the base; the base is provided with a through hole capable of accommodating a screw to penetrate through, and a first inclined platform is arranged on the edge of the through hole in a surrounding mode; the bottom of the shell is provided with a first air inlet channel which is vertically arranged; a hollow cavity is formed between the base and the shell; the separating nut is automatically reset and can be repeatedly used through the matching of the trapezoidal groove and the trapezoidal boss and the matching of the second inclined plane platform and the first inclined plane platform; the impact response of the separation nut is reduced by sleeving the spring on the first air inlet channel; the air cavity and the conical plug are arranged in the shell to form a movable cavity, and high-pressure air enters the movable cavity to push the air cavity to move downwards, push the conical plug to move upwards and push the melon flap threads to expand outwards in the radial direction, so that the screw is released, and the unlocking time of the separation nut is shortened; therefore, the method and the device can reduce the impact response, can be repeatedly used, have no pollution, shorten the unlocking time and have good synchronism.

Description

Separation nut

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of breakaway nuts, and more particularly to a breakaway nut.

Background

After the spacecraft such as the satellite, the spacecraft and the like are launched into space by the carrier rocket, the satellite and the rocket are required to be separated. In addition, the launch vehicle also requires multiple interstage separations from launch to entry trajectory, such as interstage separations, booster separations, fairing separations, and the like. Therefore, the separation device plays an important role in the aerospace field, the separation devices which are commonly used comprise an explosive bolt, an explosive nut, a satellite separation ring and the like, and the separation devices are almost unlocked by explosive of initiating explosive devices.

At present, two more types of separation nuts are explosive separation nuts and memory alloy separation nuts. The main principle of the explosion separation nut is that high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of initiating explosive devices is utilized to push away an internal mechanism, so that the purpose of unlocking threads is achieved, and the separation nut has the advantages of short unlocking time, good synchronism and the like, but has the defects of large impact, non-reusability and environmental pollution; the main principle of the memory alloy separation nut is that the memory alloy can stretch under the condition of temperature change, so that the locking mechanism is driven to unlock. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved split nut arrangement.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art, it is desirable to provide a separation nut that has a small impact response, is reusable, is pollution-free, has a short unlocking time, is synchronized well, has a simple structure, and is easy to implement, as compared to the prior art.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a breakaway nut comprising: the base and the shell fixedly connected with the base; the base is provided with a through hole capable of accommodating a screw to penetrate through, and a first inclined platform is arranged on the edge of the through hole in a surrounding mode; the bottom of the shell is provided with a first air inlet channel which is vertically arranged; a hollow cavity is formed between the base and the shell;

a spring, an air cavity, a conical plug and a melon petal thread are sequentially arranged in the hollow cavity from bottom to top; the spring is sleeved on the first air inlet channel; the air cavity can slide up and down in the hollow cavity; the bottom of the air cavity is provided with a second air inlet channel which is vertically arranged, and the second air inlet channel is arranged in the first air inlet channel and can slide up and down; a hoop is annularly arranged at one end of the air cavity, which is far away from the second air inlet channel, and a trapezoidal boss is arranged on the side wall of the hoop; the conical plug is arranged in the air cavity, a movable cavity is formed between the conical plug and the air cavity, and the conical plug can slide up and down; the at least two melon lamella threads are vertically arranged at the top of the conical plug and can be expanded outwards along the radial direction; the outer wall of the melon lamella thread is provided with a trapezoidal groove which can be matched with the trapezoidal boss; a second inclined plane platform which can be matched with the first inclined plane platform for use is arranged at the free end of the melon-petal thread; form between the melon lamella thread and hold the installation cavity of screw, just the installation cavity with the through-hole intercommunication.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, a sealing ring is installed between the inner wall of the first air inlet channel and the outer wall of the second air inlet channel.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, a sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the air cavity and the outer wall of the conical plug.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the base is detachably connected with the shell.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the clamp is detachably connected with one end, away from the second air inlet channel, of the air cavity.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, a limiting block is further arranged between one end, far away from the second air inlet channel, of the air cavity and the clamp.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the inclined plane angle of the first inclined plane platform is larger than the angle of the friction angle.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the inclined plane angle of the second inclined plane platform is larger than the angle of the friction angle.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the base is further provided with at least two symmetrically arranged external butt joint holes.

To sum up, the beneficial effect of this application:

according to the melon lamella nut separating device, the trapezoid boss is arranged on the inner side of the hoop, the trapezoid groove is arranged on the outer side of the melon lamella screw thread, the trapezoid groove and the trapezoid boss are matched for use, the first inclined plane platform is arranged on the base, the second inclined plane platform is arranged at the free end of the melon lamella screw thread, and the second inclined plane platform is matched with the first inclined plane platform for use, so that the separating nut has an automatic resetting function and can be repeatedly used; the spring is sleeved on the first air inlet channel, so that the air cavity is restored to the initial state under the action of the elastic force of the spring, and the impact response of the separation nut is reduced; furthermore, the air cavity and the conical plug are arranged in the shell and form a movable cavity, high-pressure air enters the shell and pushes the air cavity to move downwards and the conical plug to move upwards so as to push the melon-petal thread to expand outwards in the radial direction, so that the screw is released, and the unlocking time of the separation nut is shortened; furthermore, a sealing ring 10 is arranged between the inner wall of the first air inlet channel 3 and the outer wall of the second air inlet channel 8, so that a movable cavity formed by the air cavity 5 and the conical plug 6 is always in a sealed state when the air cavity 5 slides up and down; by arranging the sealing ring 10 between the inner wall of the air cavity 5 and the outer wall of the conical plug 6, a movable cavity formed by the air cavity 5 and the conical plug 6 is always in a sealed state when the conical plug 6 slides up and down; the position of the hoop 9 is further limited by arranging a limiting block 16 between one end of the air cavity 5 far away from the second air inlet channel 8 and the hoop 9, and the unstable situation of the hoop 9 is avoided. Therefore, the method and the device can reduce impact response, can be repeatedly used, are free of pollution, shorten unlocking time and have good synchronism.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a separation nut.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a base; 2. a housing; 3. a first air intake passage; 4. a spring; 5. an air cavity; 6. a conical plug; 7. melon petal and spiral teeth; 8. a second intake passage; 9. clamping a hoop; 10. a seal ring; 11. an external docking aperture; 12. a trapezoidal boss; 13. a trapezoidal groove; 14. a first bevel stage; 15. a second bevel stage; 16. and a limiting block.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Example one

Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a separation nut provided in the present application, including: the device comprises a base 1 and a shell 2 fixedly connected with the base 1; the base 1 is provided with a through hole capable of accommodating a screw to penetrate through, and the edge of the through hole is annularly provided with a first inclined platform 14; the bottom of the shell 2 is provided with a first air inlet channel 3 which is vertically arranged; a hollow cavity is formed between the base 1 and the shell 2;

a spring 4, an air cavity 5, a conical plug 6 and a melon-petal thread 7 are sequentially arranged in the hollow cavity from bottom to top; the spring 4 is sleeved on the first air inlet channel 3; the air cavity 5 can slide up and down in the hollow cavity; the bottom of the air cavity 5 is provided with a second air inlet channel 8 which is vertically arranged, and the second air inlet channel 8 is arranged in the first air inlet channel 3 and can slide up and down; a hoop 9 is annularly arranged at one end of the air cavity 5, which is far away from the second air inlet channel 8, and a trapezoidal boss 12 is arranged on the side wall of the hoop 9; the conical plug 6 is arranged in the air cavity 5, a movable cavity is formed between the conical plug 6 and the air cavity 5, and the conical plug 6 can slide up and down; at least two melon lamella threads 7 are vertically arranged at the top of the conical plug 6, and the melon lamella threads 7 can be expanded outwards along the radial direction; the outer wall of the melon lamella thread 7 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 13 which can be matched with the trapezoidal boss 12 for use; a second inclined plane platform 15 which can be matched with the first inclined plane platform 14 for use is arranged at the free end of the melon-petal thread 7; form between melon lamella thread 7 and hold the installation cavity of screw, just the installation cavity with the through-hole intercommunication.

In the present embodiment, the base 1 and the housing 2 form the base body of the split nut; the first air inlet channel 3 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the shell 2 and is a high-pressure gas improving channel; the first inclined plane platform 14 is annularly arranged at the edge of the through hole, so that the melon segment screw teeth 7 can conveniently slide outwards along the radial direction when unlocked, and the inclined plane angle of the first inclined plane platform 14 is larger than the angle of the friction angle; the spring 4 is sleeved on the first air inlet channel 3 and used for ensuring that the air cavity 5 can be restored to an initial state by the elastic force of the spring 4 after high-pressure air in the movable cavity is released; the air cavity 5 is arranged in the hollow cavity, can move up and down and forms a movable cavity with the conical plug 7; the second air inlet channel 8 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the air cavity 5, is arranged in the first air inlet channel 3 and can slide up and down, so that high-pressure air can be introduced into the movable cavity through the second air inlet channel 8; the hoop 9 is arranged at one end, far away from the second air inlet channel 8, of the air cavity 5, maintains the melon-petal thread 7 in an effective thread state when the separation nut is in a locked state, and releases the melon-petal thread 7 when the separation nut is in an unlocked state, so that a fastening screw is released; the trapezoidal boss 12 is arranged on the side wall of the hoop 9 and is used in cooperation with the trapezoidal groove 13, so that the separation nut has an automatic resetting function; the conical plug 6 is arranged in the air cavity 5, a movable cavity is formed between the conical plug 6 and the air cavity 5, the conical plug 6 can slide up and down, when high-pressure air is filled into the movable cavity, the air cavity 5 and the conical plug 6 slide relatively, the air cavity 5 pulls the hoop 9 downwards to release the melon flap threads 7, and when the conical plug 6 slides upwards, the conical plug drives the melon flap threads 7 to move and push the melon flap threads 7 away in the radial direction; the number of the melon-petal threads 7 is at least two, the melon-petal threads 7 are vertically arranged at the top of the conical plug 6 and can be expanded outwards along the radial direction and used for maintaining a threaded state to fasten screws, and a mounting cavity formed by the melon-petal threads 7 is used for accommodating the screws; the trapezoidal groove 13 is formed in the outer wall of the melon petal thread 7 and is used in cooperation with the trapezoidal boss 12, and the separating nut has an automatic resetting function; second inclined plane platform 15 sets up the free end at melon lamella thread 7 for use with first inclined plane platform 14 cooperation, slide along radial outside when being convenient for melon lamella thread 7 unblock, the inclined plane angle of this second inclined plane platform 15 is greater than the angle of friction angle.

In any preferred embodiment, a sealing ring 10 is installed between the inner wall of the first air inlet channel 3 and the outer wall of the second air inlet channel 8.

In this embodiment, the sealing ring 10 is disposed between the inner wall of the first air inlet channel 3 and the outer wall of the second air inlet channel 8, and is used to ensure that a movable cavity formed by the air cavity 5 and the conical plug 6 is always in a sealed state when the air cavity 5 slides up and down; here, the material of the seal ring 10 is, for example, NBR nitrile rubber or SIL silicone rubber.

In any preferred embodiment, a sealing ring 10 is mounted between the inner wall of the air chamber 5 and the outer wall of the conical plug 6.

In this embodiment, the sealing ring 10 is disposed between the inner wall of the air cavity 5 and the outer wall of the conical plug 6, and is used to ensure that a movable cavity formed by the air cavity 5 and the conical plug 6 is always in a sealed state when the conical plug 6 slides up and down; here, the material of the seal ring 10 is, for example, NBR nitrile rubber or SIL silicone rubber.

In any preferred embodiment, the base 1 is removably connected to the housing 2.

In the present embodiment, the base 1 and the housing 2 are connected, without being limited herein, optionally, by bolts, specifically: the housing 2 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts.

In any preferred embodiment, the clamp 9 is detachably connected to the end of the air chamber 5 remote from the second air inlet channel 8.

In this embodiment, the connection manner of the clamp 9 and the end of the air cavity 5 away from the second air inlet channel 8 is not limited herein, and optionally, the connection manner is a bolt connection manner: a clamp 9 is fixed at one end of the air cavity 5 far away from the second air inlet channel 8 through a bolt.

In any preferred embodiment, a limit block 16 is further arranged between one end of the air cavity 5 far away from the second air inlet channel 8 and the clamp 9.

In this embodiment, the limiting block 16 is disposed between one end of the air chamber 5 far away from the second air inlet channel 8 and the clamp 9, and is used for further limiting the position of the clamp 9, so as to avoid an unstable situation of the clamp 9.

In any preferred embodiment, the base 1 is further provided with at least two symmetrically arranged external docking holes 11.

In this embodiment, the external butt-joint holes 11, at least two of which are symmetrically arranged on the base 1, facilitate the installation of the split nut device on other equipment through bolts.

The specific working process is as follows:

high-pressure gas enters a movable cavity formed by an air cavity 5 and a conical plug 6 through a first air inlet channel 3 arranged on a shell 2, then the high-pressure gas pushes the air cavity 5 to slide downwards, the conical plug 6 is pushed to move upwards, and the air cavity 5 can drive a hoop 9 connected with the air cavity 5 to move downwards, when a trapezoidal boss 12 of the hoop 9 moves into a trapezoidal groove 13 of a melon flap thread 7, the conical plug 6 pushes the melon flap thread 7 upwards to expand outwards along the radial direction, and a second inclined platform 15 expands outwards along the angle of a first inclined platform 14, so that the melon flap thread 7 is opened, and a screw arranged in an installation cavity formed by the melon flap thread 7 is released; after the separation nut is unlocked, high-pressure gas in the movable cavity is released, and the air cavity 5 is pushed upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring 4 until the separation nut is locked; after the high-pressure gas is released, the conical plug 6 slides downwards to an initial state, meanwhile, the melon-petal thread 7 is driven to move downwards, the second inclined-plane platform 15 moves inwards along the radial direction of the angle of the first inclined-plane platform 14, and the conical plug returns to the initial state; and the trapezoidal boss 12 of the hoop 9 and the trapezoidal groove 13 on the outer side of the melon lamella thread 7 can be separated to restore to the initial state, so that the function of automatic reset is realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A breakaway nut, comprising: the device comprises a base (1) and a shell (2) fixedly connected with the base (1); the base (1) is provided with a through hole capable of accommodating a screw to penetrate through, and a first inclined platform (14) is arranged on the edge of the through hole in a surrounding mode; the bottom of the shell (2) is provided with a first air inlet channel (3) which is vertically arranged; a hollow cavity is formed between the base (1) and the shell (2);

a spring (4), an air cavity (5), a conical plug (6) and a melon petal thread (7) are sequentially arranged in the hollow cavity from bottom to top; the spring (4) is sleeved on the first air inlet channel (3); the air cavity (5) can slide up and down in the hollow cavity; the bottom of the air cavity (5) is provided with a second air inlet channel (8) which is vertically arranged, and the second air inlet channel (8) is arranged in the first air inlet channel (3) and can slide up and down; a hoop (9) is annularly arranged at one end, far away from the second air inlet channel (8), of the air cavity (5), and a trapezoidal boss (12) is arranged on the side wall of the hoop (9); the conical plug (6) is arranged in the air cavity (5), a movable cavity is formed between the conical plug (6) and the air cavity (5), and the conical plug (6) can slide up and down; at least two melon lamella threads (7) are vertically arranged at the top of the conical plug (6), and the melon lamella threads (7) can be expanded outwards along the radial direction; the outer wall of the melon flap thread (7) is provided with a trapezoidal groove (13) which can be matched with the trapezoidal boss (12) for use; the free end of the melon flap thread (7) is provided with a second inclined plane platform (15) which can be matched with the first inclined plane platform (14) for use; form between melon lamella thread (7) and can hold the installation cavity of screw, just the installation cavity with the through-hole intercommunication.

2. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a sealing ring (10) is mounted between the inner wall of the first inlet channel (3) and the outer wall of the second inlet channel (8).

3. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a sealing ring (10) is mounted between the inner wall of the air chamber (5) and the outer wall of the conical plug (6).

4. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said base (1) is removably connected to said housing (2).

5. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the collar (9) is detachably connected to the end of the air chamber (5) remote from the second air inlet channel (8).

6. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that a stop (16) is provided between the end of the air chamber (5) remote from the second air inlet channel (8) and the collar (9).

7. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the first ramp (14) has a ramp angle which is greater than the angle of the friction angle.

8. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the second ramp (15) has a ramp angle greater than the angle of the friction angle.

9. A split nut as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said base (1) is further provided with at least two symmetrically arranged external abutment holes (11).