CN211602754U - Ankle biomechanics loading device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a biomechanical loading device for an ankle, which comprises a foot plate, a vertical axis support, a horizontal axis support, a bottom support bracket, a bottom connector, a top connector and a vertical axis sliding rod; the vertical axis bracket and the horizontal axis bracket are fixedly connected ; The front and rear ends of the foot plate are movably connected with the end of the vertical axis support, moving along the horizontal axis and rotating around the vertical axis; the two ends of the horizontal axis support are movably connected with the bottom bracket, swinging along the vertical axis; the bottom bracket is connected with the bottom The head is movably connected and rotates around the horizontal axis, and the base connector rotates around the vertical axis; the top connector moves up and down along the vertical axis slide bar to fix the foot specimen and adjust the vertical pressure. The utility model simulates six states of plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, varus, valgus, internal rotation and external rotation of the ankle joint through the adjustment of the three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom of the foot plate, so that the simulated result is closer to the movement of the ankle. real physical condition.

Description

An ankle biomechanical loading device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical experimental devices, in particular to a biomechanical loading device for ankles.

Background technique

The ankle joint is an important weight-bearing joint in the human body. With the increase of social participation in sports, the injury mechanism and treatment options of various ankle joints and their surrounding stable structures, including ankle fractures, are still controversial. Biomechanical experiments are a reliable means to explore various ankle injury mechanisms and compare different surgical methods at this stage. The ankle joint has a high degree of matching, and the movement direction and stress load change are complex. During the normal activities of the ankle joint, there are postures such as plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, internal and external rotation, pronation and supination, which are more common in various postures. Compound states, each specific posture bears a different amount of stress. Most of the existing mechanical loading devices can only achieve axial stress loading. Therefore, the previous biomechanical experiments cannot accurately simulate the pathophysiological state of the ankle joint; therefore, the reliability of the results is not high. Some studies have misled the diagnosis and treatment of ankle injuries, resulting in misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, and excessive treatment.

In view of the above situation, there is an urgent need for a reliable foot-ankle loading device to realize different postures of the ankle during exercise. More realistically simulate the pathophysiological process of the ankle joint; better study the mechanism of ankle joint injury and choose better surgical treatment methods.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomechanical loading device for the ankle, which can effectively simulate the stress condition of the ankle joint in the real movement process.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a biomechanical loading device for the ankle, which includes a foot plate, a vertical axis support, a horizontal axis support, a bottom support support, a bottom connecting head, a top connecting head and a vertical axis sliding rod; The horizontal axis bracket is fixedly connected; the front and rear ends of the foot plate are movably connected with the end of the vertical axis bracket, move along the horizontal axis direction and rotate around the vertical axis; the two ends of the horizontal axis bracket are movably connected with the bottom bracket bracket, swinging along the vertical axis direction; The support bracket is movably connected with the bottom connector, rotates around the horizontal axis, and the bottom connector rotates around the vertical axis; the top connector moves up and down along the vertical axis slide bar to fix the foot specimen and adjust the vertical pressure.

Further, the end of the vertical axis support is provided with a transverse collet, one end of the transverse collet is movably connected with the end of the longitudinal axis support, and the other end is fixedly clamped at different positions of the foot plate.

Further, the transverse collet is provided with several screw holes, and the cooperation of the screw holes and the screws enables the transverse collet to fix and clamp the foot plate.

Further, the end of the vertical axis bracket is provided with a number of longitudinal axis rotation scale holes, the longitudinal axis rotation scale holes are arranged to form a number of arcs, and the connector of the foot plate is inserted into the longitudinal axis rotation scale hole to adjust the vertical axis of the foot plate. The angle of rotation of the shaft.

Further, the vertical axis bracket and the horizontal axis bracket intersect vertically, and the intersecting parts are fixedly connected by metal screws.

Further, the foot plate is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed foot fixing holes, and the cooperation of the foot fixing holes and the screws enables the foot specimen to be fixed on the foot plate.

Further, the two ends of the horizontal axis bracket are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed longitudinal moving scale holes in arc shape, corresponding to the longitudinal moving scale holes on the bottom bracket bracket, so as to adjust the rotation angle of the foot plate around the horizontal axis.

Further, both the bottom connector and the top connector are conical surfaces, and the bottom connector is provided with a longitudinal groove.

Further, it also includes a bottom bracket connector, the upper part of the bottom bracket connector is fixedly connected with the bottom bracket bracket, and the lower part is movably connected in the longitudinal groove to swing back and forth.

Further, it also includes a base, and the bottom connector and the vertical shaft sliding rod are fixed on the base.

Compared with the prior art, the ankle biomechanical loading device provided by the utility model can more effectively simulate the stress condition of the ankle joint in the real movement process. The sole of the ankle specimen is fixedly connected to the foot plate, and the foot plate is movably connected to the vertical axis bracket. Through the adjustment of the longitudinal axis bracket, the foot plate moves along the horizontal axis and rotates around the vertical axis to realize the adjustment of the two degrees of freedom of the foot plate. Simulates the inversion and valgus of the ankle. The horizontal axis bracket swings on the bottom bracket, and the bottom bracket rotates around the horizontal axis on the bottom connector, so that the foot plate can realize the degree of freedom adjustment of the horizontal axis rotation, which can simulate the plantar flexion and dorsi extension of the ankle. The bottom connector rotates around the vertical axis, so that the foot plate can realize the adjustment of the degree of freedom of the vertical axis rotation, which can simulate the external rotation and internal rotation of the ankle. The top connector is connected to the upper part of the foot specimen, and the top connector moves and adjusts the position on the vertical axis slide bar to realize the biomechanical loading of the ankle of the foot specimen, simulating the stress condition of the ankle during exercise. The utility model can perform three-dimensional and six-degree-of-freedom mechanical action on the foot specimen, so as to realize the compound posture of the ankle. The utility model can simulate various stress conditions of the ankle, so that the result of detection and observation is closer to the real physiological condition of the ankle during exercise.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the ankle biomechanical loading device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the ankle biomechanical loading device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the vertical axis support and the foot plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a top view of the vertical axis support and the horizontal axis support in the embodiment of the present utility model;

5 is a side view of the bottom bracket bracket and the horizontal axis bracket in the embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is the side view of the vertical axis support in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the top view of the bottom connector in the embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a bottom view of the bottom bracket bracket in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

An embodiment of the present utility model provides a biomechanical loading device for the ankle, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprising a foot plate 1, a vertical axis support 2, a horizontal axis support 3, a bottom bracket support 4, a bottom connector 5, and a top connector 6 and the vertical axis slide bar 7; the vertical axis bracket 2 is fixedly connected with the horizontal axis bracket 3; the front and rear ends of the foot plate 1 are movably connected with the end 21 of the vertical axis bracket, move along the horizontal axis direction and rotate around the vertical axis; the horizontal axis bracket 3 Both ends are movably connected with the bottom bracket 4, swinging along the longitudinal axis; the bottom bracket 4 is movably connected with the bottom connector 5, rotating around the horizontal axis, the bottom connector 5 is rotated around the vertical axis; the top connector 6 is along the vertical axis The sliding bar 7 moves up and down to fix the foot specimen and adjust the vertical pressure.

By adopting the above structure, the sole of the foot specimen is fixedly connected with the foot plate 1, and the foot plate 1 is movably connected with the vertical axis bracket 2, and the foot plate 1 is moved along the horizontal axis and rotated around the vertical axis through the adjustment of the vertical axis bracket 2 to realize the foot plate. 1 The adjustment of two degrees of freedom can simulate the state of ankle varus and valgus. The horizontal axis bracket 3 swings on the bottom bracket 4, and the bottom bracket 4 rotates around the horizontal axis on the bottom connector 5, so that the foot plate 1 can realize the adjustment of the degree of freedom of rotation around the horizontal axis, which can simulate the plantar flexion and dorsi extension of the ankle. status. The bottom connector 5 rotates around the vertical axis, so that the foot plate 1 can realize the adjustment of the degree of freedom of the vertical axis rotation, which can simulate the external rotation and internal rotation of the ankle. The top connector 6 is connected with the upper part of the foot specimen, and the top connector 6 moves and adjusts the position on the vertical axis slide bar 7 to realize the biomechanical loading of the ankle of the foot specimen, simulating the stress of the ankle in the movement condition. situation. In this way, three-dimensional and six-degree-of-freedom mechanical effects can be performed on the foot specimen, and the compound posture of the ankle can be realized, so that the detection and observation results are closer to the real physiological condition of the ankle during exercise.

In this embodiment, the foot plate 1 , the vertical axis bracket 2 , the horizontal axis bracket 3 , the bottom bracket bracket 4 , the bottom connector 5 , the top connector 6 and the vertical axis slide bar 7 are all made of high-strength steel to ensure sufficient Stiffness, minimize the deformation of the device during use, reduce stress loss, and improve test accuracy and reliability of results.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the end 21 of the vertical axis support is provided with a transverse collet 22 , one end of the transverse collet 22 is movably connected with the end 21 of the longitudinal axis support, and the other end is fixedly clamped on the foot plate 1 . The transverse collet 22 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 221 , and the cooperation of the screw holes 221 and the screws enables the transverse collet 22 to fix and clamp the foot plate 1 . The transverse chucks 22 are clamped at different positions of the foot plate 1, so that the foot plate 1 is displaced in the transverse axis. As shown in FIG. 2 , the end 21 of the vertical axis bracket is provided with a number of longitudinal axis rotation scale holes 211, which are arranged to form a number of circular arcs. The connector 11 of the foot plate 1 is inserted into the vertical axis rotation scale hole 211 to adjust the rotation angle of the foot plate 1 around the vertical axis. This simulates the inversion and valgus state of the ankle.

In this embodiment, the vertical axis bracket 2 and the horizontal axis bracket 3 intersect perpendicularly, and the connecting parts are fixed with metal screws to form a stable and firm support for the foot plate 1 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the foot plate 1 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed foot fixing holes 12 . In this embodiment, there are fifteen rows of the foot fixing holes 12 , five in each row. The calcaneus, the first and fifth metatarsal heads of the foot specimen can be fixed according to the need by using screws to fix the foot specimen on the foot plate 1 . By not fixing the screws in the foot fixing holes 1 at different positions, it can be adapted to foot specimens of different sizes, and can also prevent the displacement and slippage of the foot specimens during use, thereby improving the safety of the experiment.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, a plurality of evenly distributed longitudinal movement scale holes 31 are provided at both ends of the horizontal axis bracket 3, and the longitudinal movement scale holes 31 are formed in an arc shape, corresponding to the longitudinal movement scale holes 41 of the bottom bracket bracket. The plug-in is inserted into the longitudinal movement scale hole 31 of the horizontal axis bracket 3 and the longitudinal movement scale hole 41 of the bottom bracket bracket, and the rotation angle of the horizontal axis bracket 3 can be fixed, thereby adjusting the rotation angle of the foot plate 1 around the horizontal axis, simulating the rotation of the ankle. Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 , the bottom connector 5 and the top connector 6 are both conical surfaces, and the bottom connector 5 is provided with a longitudinal groove 51 . As shown in Figures 1 and 8, it also includes a bottom bracket connector 9, the upper part of the bottom bracket connector 9 is fixedly connected with the bottom bracket bracket 4, and the lower part is movably connected to the insertion hole 52 in the longitudinal groove 51, in the groove 51 Swing back and forth, so that the foot plate 1 can rotate around the horizontal axis, simulating the plantar flexion and dorsi extension of the ankle.

As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment further includes a base 8 on which the bottom connecting head 5 and the vertical shaft sliding rod 7 are fixed, so that the bottom connecting head 5 and the top connecting head 6 cooperate more stably. The top connector 6 moves down along the vertical axis sliding rod 7, which can increase the force of the foot specimen.

The use method of this utility model:

1. First, cut off the fresh frozen corpse specimen from 15cm below the knee joint; remove the surface skin, subcutaneous and other soft tissues above the level of the ankle joint of the specimen, and retain the complete ligament tissue of the ankle joint and foot; make an ankle fracture model by osteotomy before use The method of reduction and internal fixation was used to fix the specimen model; the tibia and fibula bone ends were embedded and fixed with dental powder, and the top interface was connected and fixed for use.

2. Fix the specimen on the foot plate 1, and the upper end is connected and fixed with the top connector 6; periodically adjust the degree of freedom of the foot plate 1 to achieve a specific posture in the normal gait cycle of the ankle joint of the specimen, and adjust the top connector 6 to slide on the vertical axis. The position of the rod 7 is adjusted to adjust the stress on the ankle joint in a specific posture.

In this way, biomechanical cyclic loading of a specific period and frequency can be performed on the specimen, and a biomechanical test can be performed on the strength of fracture internal fixation. The same principle can simulate the injury mechanism and surgical detection of other foot and ankle injuries. The utility model obtains reliable data through the exploration of the pathophysiological mechanism of the injury of the foot and ankle and the mechanical test of the operation method, and provides a high-quality reference basis for the selection of the treatment of the injury of the foot and ankle.

The embodiment of the utility model is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and is based on the simulation of the normal biomechanical mechanism of the ankle joint, so that the posture of the ankle joint in different phases of the gait cycle and the special posture of the ankle joint in sports can be realized. This embodiment can realize the mechanical test of the ankle joint in different phases of the synchrony, more truly reflect the pathogenesis of ankle joint injury, and more objectively and accurately compare the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment methods.

The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The changes or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An ankle biomechanical loading device is characterized in that: comprising a foot plate, a vertical axis support, a horizontal axis support, a bottom support support, a bottom connector, a top connector and a vertical axis slide bar; The horizontal axis bracket is fixedly connected; the front and rear ends of the foot plate are movably connected with the ends of the vertical axis bracket, move along the horizontal axis direction and rotate around the vertical axis; the two ends of the horizontal axis bracket are connected to the bottom bracket bracket Actively connected, swinging along the direction of the longitudinal axis; the bottom bracket is movably connected with the bottom connector, and rotates around the horizontal axis, and the bottom connector rotates around the vertical axis; the top connector slides along the vertical axis Move up and down to fix the foot specimen and adjust the vertical pressure. 2 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the end of the longitudinal axis support is provided with a transverse chuck, and one end of the transverse chuck is movably connected with the end of the longitudinal axis support, 2 . The other end is fixedly clamped at different positions of the foot plate. 3 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 2 , wherein the lateral collet is provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the cooperation of the screw holes and the screws enables the lateral collet to fix and clamp the device. 4 . Describe the foot plate. 4 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the end of the longitudinal axis support is provided with a plurality of longitudinal axis rotation scale holes, and the longitudinal axis rotation scale holes are arranged to form a plurality of arcs. 5 . The connecting head of the foot plate is inserted into the rotation scale hole of the longitudinal axis to adjust the rotation angle of the foot plate around the longitudinal axis. 5 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the vertical axis bracket and the transverse axis bracket intersect vertically, and the intersecting parts are fixedly connected by metal screws. 6 . 6 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the foot plate is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed foot fixing holes, and the cooperation of the foot fixing holes and the screws can fix the foot specimen. 7 . on the foot plate. 7 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the two ends of the horizontal axis bracket are provided with a plurality of evenly distributed arc-shaped longitudinal moving scale holes, which are connected with the bottom bracket bracket. 8 . The longitudinal movement of the scale hole corresponds to adjust the rotation angle of the foot plate around the horizontal axis. 8 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , further comprising a base, and the bottom connector and the vertical axis slide bar are fixed on the base. 9 . 9 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom connector and the top connector are both conical surfaces, and the bottom connector is provided with a longitudinal recess. 10 . groove. 10 . The ankle biomechanical loading device according to claim 9 , further comprising a bottom bracket connector, the upper part of the bottom bracket connector is fixedly connected to the bottom bracket bracket, and the lower part is movably connected to the longitudinal direction. 11 . In the groove, swing back and forth.

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