CN211602162U - Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device - Google Patents
Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211602162U CN211602162U CN201922400635.1U CN201922400635U CN211602162U CN 211602162 U CN211602162 U CN 211602162U CN 201922400635 U CN201922400635 U CN 201922400635U CN 211602162 U CN211602162 U CN 211602162U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device adopts manual operation when solving current illuminometer and measuring sky background illuminance for operator heavy work to and the unable problem that acquires spectral irradiance. The device comprises a shading component, a leveling platform, a cosine converter, a detector and a spectrometer; a circular opening is formed in the center of the top of the cosine converter, and two light outlets are formed in the side of the cosine converter; the top of the cosine converter is provided with a transparent protective cover; the cosine converter is used for converting the light incident through the opening into diffuse reflection light with consistent emergent directions; a light splitting element is arranged in the cosine converter, and two paths of light split by the light splitting element are respectively emitted to the detector and the spectrometer; the shading assembly comprises a light blocking ring bracket and a light blocking ring arranged on the light blocking ring bracket; the light blocking ring bracket is positioned on one side of the leveling platform, the light blocking ring is a circular arc-shaped strip, and the width of the strip is greater than the diameter of the opening; the light barrier ring may be located directly above the opening.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optical radiometry technical field relates to a solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device.
Background
Radiometric calibration is a precondition for acquiring quantitative data of remote sensing information, and the radiometric calibration is to determine the radiometric correspondence of each pixel of the calibrated device through a uniform, stable and known target light source of radiance. The radiance of an observed target is determined by the target reflectivity and the solar illumination, and in orbit calibration, large-area uniform substances, such as deserts and large-area water areas, are usually selected as calibration targets, the reflectivity of the calibration targets is basically uniform and stable, the change is mainly the solar illumination, for the morning and evening time, the solar illumination changes greatly and the change range is also very large, so the solar and sky background radiance is a key link in the calibration targets.
At present, most illuminometers in the market measure the total solar irradiance, when the sky background illumination needs to be measured, the illumination is usually shielded by a handheld light barrier, and the operation mode makes the work of an operator heavy; in addition, the existing illuminometers cannot obtain spectral irradiance, and the requirement of solar radiation precision is difficult to meet.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
When measuring sky background illuminance in order to solve current illuminometer, adopt manual operation for operator heavy work to and the technical problem that can't acquire spectral irradiance, the utility model provides a solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme is:
a device for measuring total solar irradiance and sky scattered irradiance is characterized in that: the device comprises a shading component, a leveling platform, a cosine converter arranged on the leveling platform, a micro-light detector and a spectrometer; a circular opening is formed in the center of the top of the cosine converter, and two light outlets are formed in the side of the cosine converter; the top of the cosine converter is provided with a transparent protective cover which is used for ensuring uniform light transmission in all directions and protecting the opening from being polluted; the cosine converter is used for converting the light incident through the opening into diffuse reflection light with consistent emergent directions; a light splitting element is arranged in the cosine converter and is used for splitting the diffuse reflection light into two paths which are respectively emitted to a micro light detector and a spectrometer from two light outlets; the shading assembly comprises a light blocking ring bracket and a light blocking ring arranged on the light blocking ring bracket; the light blocking ring bracket is positioned on one side of the leveling platform, the light blocking ring is a circular arc-shaped strip, and the width of the strip is greater than the diameter of the opening; the light blocking ring can be positioned right above the opening, so that single target light cannot directly irradiate into the cosine converter.
Furthermore, the light barrier ring bracket comprises a light barrier ring base, a light barrier ring upright rod, a light barrier ring long supporting rod and 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods; the light barrier ring vertical rod is arranged on the light barrier ring base, and a first through hole is formed in the upper part of the light barrier ring vertical rod; the light blocking ring long supporting rod penetrates through the second through hole, and second through holes are formed in the two ends of the light blocking ring long supporting rod in the radial direction; and 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods respectively penetrate through the second through holes at the two ends of the light barrier ring long supporting rod and then are connected with the two ends of the light barrier ring.
Furthermore, a first threaded hole which is communicated with the first through hole is formed in the upper part of the light blocking ring vertical rod; the light blocking ring long supporting rod is in clearance fit with the first through hole, and the light blocking ring long supporting rod is fixed in the first through hole through the light blocking ring locking bolt penetrating through the first threaded hole.
Furthermore, the shading assembly also comprises a power unit, and the output of the power unit is connected with the light blocking ring long supporting rod and is used for driving the light blocking ring long supporting rod to rotate in the first through hole;
furthermore, a second threaded hole communicated with the second through hole is formed in the light blocking ring long supporting rod;
the light barrier ring adjusting rod is in clearance fit with the second through hole, and the light barrier ring adjusting rod is fixed in the second through hole through the light barrier ring locking bolt penetrating through the second threaded hole.
Further, the cosine converter is an integrating sphere;
the central axis of the opening passes through the center of the integrating sphere.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a shell with an opening at one end, wherein the opening of the shell is arranged on the leveling platform, and the cosine converter, the micro-light detector and the spectrometer are positioned in the shell.
Furthermore, the leveling platform comprises a base plate, a compass arranged on the base plate, a leveling knob and a level meter;
the opening surface of the cosine converter is leveled with the ground by adjusting the leveling knob.
Furthermore, a parasitic light diaphragm is arranged in the integrating sphere and close to the light outlet; ensure that light cannot directly irradiate the light outlet from the opening.
The integrating sphere diameter is greater than 3 times the opening diameter;
the light blocking ring is a semicircular ring or a strip of 1/4 circular rings, and the diameter of the light blocking ring is more than 10 times of the diameter of the opening.
Further, the spectrometer is a fiber optic spectrometer; the micro light detector is a CCD detector or a COMS detector.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model is provided with the low-light detector and the spectrometer, which can simultaneously measure the total solar irradiance and the spectral irradiance; meanwhile, the shading assembly is assembled, and the light blocking ring is adjusted to be positioned right above the opening, so that the measurement of sky scattered irradiance is realized; the light barrier is arranged on the light barrier support, the mode that the handheld light barrier shields light is omitted, and the structure is simple, convenient to adjust and convenient to detach.
2. The long strut of the light-blocking ring of the utility model is in clearance fit with the first through hole, thus realizing the rotation of the light-blocking ring relative to the light-blocking ring bracket; the light blocking ring adjusting rod is in clearance fit with the second through hole, so that the distance between the light blocking ring and the light blocking ring support can be adjusted, and the application range is wider; meanwhile, the adjustment mode is simple and convenient, and can be realized only by adjusting the light blocking ring locking bolt.
3. The utility model discloses be equipped with the casing among the measuring device, guarantee the leakproofness, improve and measure the accuracy.
4. The utility model discloses measuring device's shading subassembly and measurement main part mutual independence can select according to the actual measurement needs.
5. The utility model discloses measuring device measuring range is wide, can realize the measurement of all-weather irradiance. Compare traditional irradiance measuring device, under the low light level condition, because the beam split reason, each wave band illuminance is difficult to reach the response lower limit of equipment, so traditional equipment can not work before sunrise, after sunset, nevertheless the utility model discloses measuring device's shimmer detector part still can continue to test the total mark irradiance under the low light level condition. Meanwhile, under the condition of high illumination, the glimmer detector part and the spectrometer part can realize the function of mutual calibration.
6. The utility model discloses be close to light outlet department in the integrating sphere and set up the veiling glare diaphragm, guarantee that light can not directly shine the light outlet from the opening.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the device for measuring solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance with the housing removed;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device of the present invention without a shading component (the housing is made transparent);
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shading assembly in the solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring apparatus of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the drawings are explained as follows:
1-a shading component, 2-a leveling platform, 3-a cosine converter, 31-an opening, 4-a low-light detector, 5-a spectrometer, 6-a transparent protective cover, 7-a shell, 8-a light barrier ring bracket, 9-a light barrier ring base, 10-a light barrier ring upright rod, 11-a light barrier ring long supporting rod, 12-a light barrier ring adjusting rod, 13-a light barrier ring locking bolt, 14-a light barrier ring, 15-a base plate, 16-a compass, 17-a leveling knob and 18-a level meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a device for measuring total solar irradiance and sky scattered irradiance includes a shading assembly 1, a leveling platform 2, a cosine converter 3 disposed on the leveling platform 2, a micro-light detector 4, and a spectrometer 5; a circular opening 31 is formed in the center of the top of the cosine converter 3, and two light outlets are formed in the side of the cosine converter 3; the top of the cosine converter 3 is provided with a transparent protective cover 6, and the transparent protective cover 6 is used for ensuring uniform light transmission in all directions and protecting the opening 31 from being polluted; a light splitting element is arranged in the cosine converter 3, and after entering the integrating sphere, solar radiation light incident through the opening 31 is converted into diffuse reflection light with consistent emergent directions after being subjected to uniform treatment of multiple reflections on the inner wall of the integrating sphere; the diffuse reflection light is divided into two paths by the light splitting element, and the two paths of light respectively emit uniform light from the two light outlets to the micro light detector 4 and the spectrometer 5; the solar total irradiance and the spectral irradiance can be tested simultaneously, and the CCD camera and the spectrometer 5 can be calibrated mutually according to the spectral response curve of the CCD camera under the condition of high illumination.
The shading assembly 1 comprises a light blocking ring support 8 and a light blocking ring 14 arranged on the light blocking ring support 8, wherein the light blocking ring 14 can move relative to the light blocking ring support 8; the light blocking ring bracket 8 is positioned at one side of the leveling platform 2, the light blocking ring 14 is a circular arc-shaped strip, and the width of the strip is slightly larger than the diameter of the opening 31; the light barrier ring bracket 8 comprises a light barrier ring base 9, a light barrier ring upright rod 10, a light barrier ring long strut 11 and 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods 12; the light barrier ring vertical rod 10 is arranged on the light barrier ring base 9, and a first through hole is formed in the upper portion of the light barrier ring vertical rod 10; the light blocking ring long supporting rod 11 is arranged in the first through hole in a penetrating mode, and second through holes are formed in the two ends of the light blocking ring long supporting rod along the radial direction; the 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods 12 are respectively connected with two ends of the light barrier ring 14 after passing through the second through holes at two ends of the light barrier ring long supporting rod 11; a first threaded hole communicated with the first through hole is formed in the upper portion of the light barrier ring vertical rod 10, the light barrier ring long supporting rod 11 is in clearance fit with the first through hole, the light barrier ring long supporting rod 11 is fixed in the first through hole through a light barrier ring locking bolt 13 penetrating through the first threaded hole, and a second threaded hole communicated with the second through hole is formed in the light barrier ring long supporting rod 11; the light barrier ring adjusting rod 12 is in clearance fit with the second through hole, the light barrier ring adjusting rod 12 is fixed in the second through hole through the light barrier ring locking bolt 13 penetrating through the second threaded hole, the number of the first threaded holes is 2, and one of the first threaded holes is located on the upper end face of the light barrier ring vertical rod 10; the second threaded hole is located on the end face of the light blocking ring long strut 11.
The shading assembly 1 can achieve measurement of sky scattered irradiance by shading sunlight that shines directly into the integrating sphere opening 31 (entrance). By adjusting the rotation of the light-blocking ring long support rod 11 in the first through hole and the movement of the light-blocking ring adjusting rod 12 and the second through hole, the light-blocking ring can realize two-dimensional adjustment of pitching and forward and backward translation, and when the light-blocking measurement is realized, the plane inclination angle and the translation amount of the light-blocking ring are determined according to local GPS information (longitude and latitude and date); or, a power unit is arranged in the shading assembly 1, and the power unit drives the light blocking ring long support rod 11 to rotate in the first through hole according to the calculated movement amount so as to adjust the position of the shading ring.
When measuring the illumination of the sky background radiation, the light-blocking ring 14 is located right above the opening 31 for blocking single targets such as the sun and the moon, and ensuring that the single target light cannot directly irradiate into the cosine converter. The measuring device is mainly used in the field of quantitative radiometric calibration, can measure solar total irradiance and sky background irradiance, has the functions of wavelength separation, and obtains spectral irradiance through the spectrometer 5 while obtaining integral radiance.
The measuring device further comprises a shell 7 with an opening at one end, the opening of the shell 7 is installed on the leveling platform 2, and the cosine converter 3, the micro-light detector 4 and the spectrometer 5 are located in the shell 7. The cosine converter 3 is optimized to be an integrating sphere with the inner surface coated with diffuse reflection material, the diameter of the integrating sphere is optimized to be 3 times larger than that of the opening 31, and the opening surface and the ground are horizontal, and the central axis of the opening 31 penetrates through the center of the integrating sphere. A veiling glare diaphragm is arranged in the integrating sphere and close to the light outlet; ensuring that light cannot directly irradiate the light outlet from the opening 31; the integrating sphere diameter is greater than 3 times the diameter of the opening 31; the light barrier ring 14 is a semicircular ring or a strip of 1/4 circular rings, and the diameter of the light barrier ring 14 is 10 times larger than the diameter of the opening 31. The larger the diameter of the shielding ring is, the smaller the influence of sunlight on the sky background radiation measurement result is.
The leveling platform 2 comprises a base plate 15, a compass 16 arranged on the base plate 15, a leveling knob 17 and a level meter 18; the base plate 15 is arranged in an open and flat outdoor zone, the periphery is ensured to be free of shielding, the opening surface of the cosine converter 3 is ensured to be horizontal to the ground through the adjustment of the leveling knob 17, and the distance between the two end parts of the light blocking ring 14 is larger than the width of the base plate.
The spectrometer 5 is a fiber optic spectrometer; the micro-light detector 4 is a CCD detector or a COMS detector; the shape of the protective ball cover is optimized to be hemispherical, the material is optimized to be glass or other uniform transparent materials, and the center of the protective ball cover is optimized to be coincident with the center of the inlet of the cosine converter.
The measuring device of the utility model can simultaneously obtain the solar integral irradiance and the spectral irradiance; the shading component 1 and the measuring main body are mutually independent, and the shading component 1 can be conveniently assembled and disassembled according to actual measurement requirements; the illumination measurement range is wide, and all-weather irradiance measurement can be realized. Compared with the traditional spectral irradiance measuring device, under the condition of low illumination, due to light splitting, the illumination of each wave band is difficult to reach the response lower limit of the device, so that the traditional device cannot work before sunrise and after sunrise. But the dim detector portion of the dim detector 4 module of the device can still continue to test the integrated irradiance under low light conditions. Meanwhile, under the condition of high illumination, the glimmer detector part and the spectrometer 5 part can realize the function of mutual calibration.
The utility model discloses measuring device carries out the course of operation:
1) the irradiance measuring device is arranged in an open and flat outdoor zone, so that the periphery is ensured to be free of shielding;
2) adjusting the measuring device to ensure that the opening surface of the cosine converter is horizontal to the ground;
3) the shading ring is lifted and can be manually adjusted, so that the circular inlet of the cosine transformer is completely shielded by the shadow of the shading ring, and the total irradiance and the spectral irradiance of sky scattering can be measured at the moment. The shading ring is also additionally provided with a rotating mechanism driven by a stepping motor, an encoder and the like, and the automatic shading function can be realized according to the local longitude and latitude, the altitude and the current position of the shading ring (feedback of the stepping motor);
4) after the shading ring falls down, the total solar irradiance and the spectral irradiance can be measured.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a shading component (1), a leveling platform (2), a cosine converter (3) arranged on the leveling platform (2), a dim light detector (4) and a spectrometer (5);
a circular opening (31) is formed in the center of the top of the cosine converter (3), and two light outlets are formed in the side of the cosine converter (3);
the top of the cosine converter (3) is provided with a transparent protective cover (6), and the transparent protective cover (6) is used for ensuring uniform light transmission in all directions and protecting the opening (31) from being polluted;
the cosine converter (3) is used for converting the light incident through the opening (31) into diffuse reflection light with consistent emergent directions;
a light splitting element is arranged in the cosine converter (3), and is used for splitting the diffuse reflection light into two paths which are respectively emitted to the micro-light detector (4) and the spectrometer (5) from the two light outlets;
the shading assembly (1) comprises a light blocking ring support (8) and a light blocking ring (14) arranged on the light blocking ring support (8);
the light blocking ring support (8) is positioned on one side of the leveling platform (2), the light blocking ring (14) is a circular arc-shaped strip, and the width of the strip is larger than the diameter of the opening (31); the light barrier ring (14) can be positioned right above the opening (31) to ensure that a single target ray cannot directly irradiate into the cosine converter.
2. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the light barrier ring bracket (8) comprises a light barrier ring base (9), a light barrier ring upright rod (10), a light barrier ring long support rod (11) and 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods (12);
the light barrier ring vertical rod (10) is arranged on the light barrier ring base (9), and a first through hole is formed in the upper part of the light barrier ring vertical rod (10);
the light blocking ring long supporting rod (11) penetrates through the first through hole, and second through holes are formed in two ends of the light blocking ring long supporting rod (11) along the radial direction;
the 2 light barrier ring adjusting rods (12) are respectively connected with the two ends of the light barrier ring (14) after passing through the second through holes at the two ends of the light barrier ring long supporting rod (11).
3. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 2, wherein: a first threaded hole communicated with the first through hole is formed in the upper part of the light blocking ring vertical rod (10);
the light barrier ring long supporting rod (11) is in clearance fit with the first through hole, and the light barrier ring long supporting rod (11) is fixed in the first through hole through the light barrier ring locking bolt penetrating through the first threaded hole.
4. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 2, wherein: the shading assembly (1) further comprises a power unit, wherein the output of the power unit is connected with the light blocking ring long supporting rod (11) and used for driving the light blocking ring long supporting rod (11) to rotate in the first through hole.
5. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 3 or 4, wherein: a second threaded hole communicated with the second through hole is formed in the light blocking ring long supporting rod (11);
the light barrier ring adjusting rod (12) is in clearance fit with the second through hole, and the light barrier ring adjusting rod (12) is fixed in the second through hole through the light barrier ring locking bolt (13) penetrating through the second threaded hole.
6. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 5, wherein: the cosine converter (3) is an integrating sphere;
the central axis of the opening (31) passes through the sphere center of the integrating sphere.
7. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 6, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a shell (7) with an opening at one end, wherein the opening of the shell (7) is formed in the leveling platform (2), and the cosine converter (3), the micro-light detector (4) and the spectrometer (5) are located in the shell (7).
8. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 7, wherein: the leveling platform (2) comprises a base plate (15), a compass (16) arranged on the base plate (15), a leveling knob (17) and a level meter (18);
the opening surface of the cosine converter (3) is leveled with the ground by adjusting the leveling knob (17).
9. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 6, wherein: a parasitic light diaphragm is arranged in the integrating sphere and close to the light outlet;
the integrating sphere diameter is greater than 3 times the diameter of the opening (31);
the light blocking ring (14) is a semicircular ring or a strip of 1/4 circular rings, and the diameter of the light blocking ring (14) is more than 10 times of that of the opening (31).
10. The solar total irradiance and sky diffuse irradiance measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the spectrometer (5) is a fiber spectrometer;
the micro light detector (4) is a CCD detector or a COMS detector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922400635.1U CN211602162U (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922400635.1U CN211602162U (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device |
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| CN211602162U true CN211602162U (en) | 2020-09-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111024227A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device |
| CN112834028A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-25 | 安徽中科谱锐达光电有限公司 | Multi-angle broadband surface reflectivity measuring device and method |
| CN112985599A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | System for realizing solar and sky radiation integrated observation and self-calibration method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-27 CN CN201922400635.1U patent/CN211602162U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111024227A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Solar total irradiance and sky scattered irradiance measuring device |
| CN112834028A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-25 | 安徽中科谱锐达光电有限公司 | Multi-angle broadband surface reflectivity measuring device and method |
| CN112985599A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | System for realizing solar and sky radiation integrated observation and self-calibration method |
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