CN211577478U - Elliptical core-collar-type single-polarization-structure optical fiber - Google Patents
Elliptical core-collar-type single-polarization-structure optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN211577478U CN211577478U CN201922151159.4U CN201922151159U CN211577478U CN 211577478 U CN211577478 U CN 211577478U CN 201922151159 U CN201922151159 U CN 201922151159U CN 211577478 U CN211577478 U CN 211577478U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an elliptical core-collar type single polarization structure optical fiber, which is used in the fields of sensing, polarization laser and the like, and the elliptical core-collar type single polarization structure optical fiber provided by the utility model comprises a fiber core, a stress area, a cladding and an external coating, the fiber core is characterized in that the number of the fiber cores is 1, the number of the stress areas is 2, the cross section of the fiber core is elliptical, the fiber core is arranged in the center of the cladding, the central point position of the cross section of the fiber core is superposed with the central point position of the cross section of the optical fiber, the manufacturing method comprises the steps of depositing a boron-doped stress layer, etching, depositing a transition cladding, a fiber core layer, collecting a rod, adjusting the core cladding ratio and the like, the bow-tie type stress element is innovatively applied to the optical fiber, so that the single polarization performance of the optical fiber is greatly improved, meanwhile, independent manufacturing of punching and stress rods is not needed, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the risk of fragmentation of the independent stress element is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the cable preparation, concretely relates to oval core tie type single polarization structure optic fibre.
Background
The common optical fiber is designed in a symmetrical cylindrical structure, but in practical application, the common optical fiber is subjected to mechanical stress to become asymmetrical, and a birefringence phenomenon is generated, so that the polarization state of light is irregularly changed when the light is transmitted in the common optical fiber. The main influencing factors of the change are wavelength, bending degree, temperature and the like. The polarization maintaining fiber can solve the problem of polarization state change, but it cannot eliminate the birefringence phenomenon in the fiber, and instead, through the design of the geometric dimension of the fiber, produces stronger birefringence effect to eliminate the influence of stress on the polarization state of the incident light. Polarization maintaining optical fibers are generally used in applications that are sensitive to the polarization state, such as interferometers, or lasers, or in the connection between the light source and an external modulator, etc.
The single polarization fiber is a special polarization-maintaining fiber, the structure design of which enables the single polarization fiber to be transmitted only in a certain polarization direction, and the mode in the direction orthogonal to the single polarization fiber is cut or leaked, so that the single polarization fiber has the function of a polarizer when in use. Single polarization fibers can be implemented using many different operating principles. Common methods include an elliptical core structure, an elliptical core auxiliary air hole, an elliptical core auxiliary elliptical cladding, stress element polarization (including a photonic crystal cladding structure), and the like, and products including single-polarization optical fibers manufactured by adopting a bow-tie type structure and further manufactured as jumper wires are common, and the purpose is to introduce strong birefringence and cut-off wavelength related to polarization, so that guided waves in only one polarization direction can be conducted, and other polarization optical fibers are used as leakage waveguides.
However, the traditional single polarization fiber needs to independently deposit a stress element and perform a stress element punching process on a preform, so that the risk of independent stress element cracking exists, the process is limited to the current research and development process of only applying a panda type stress element, the bottleneck is that the fiber core of the bow-tie type polarization maintaining fiber manufactured by the traditional method is circular, only the process of directly depositing the stress element and then depositing the fiber core is adopted, the process cannot control the direction of the long axis and the short axis of the elliptical fiber core, and the maximum superposition of the polarization effects of the bow-tie type polarization maintaining fiber and the elliptical core cannot be ensured, so that the polarization effect can be generated only by the stress element. The bow-tie type stress element has been proved to have better stress polarization effect than the panda type, can provide better polarization maintaining effect for polarized light, coincide the slow axis that bow-tie type stress element formed with the slow axis that oval fibre core formed, can exert stress to the fibre core more concentratedly to furthest promotes birefringence.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide an oval core bow tie type single polarization structure optic fibre to be used for fields such as sensing, polarization laser instrument, this optic fibre is bow tie type stress element in the innovation application, when promoting optic fibre single polarization performance by a wide margin, need not to punch and stress rod's independent preparation, simplifies the preparation technology and reduces the cracked risk of independent stress element.
For solving the technical problem, the technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows:
the utility model provides an oval core bow tie type single polarization structure optic fibre, includes fibre core, stress zone, cladding and outside coating, its characterized in that: the fiber core is set to be 1, the stress areas are set to be 2, the cross section of the fiber core is oval, the fiber core is arranged in the center of the cladding, the center point position of the cross section of the fiber core is overlapped with the center point position of the cross section of the optical fiber, the 2 stress areas are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the oval fiber core along the short axis direction to realize the stress area type birefringence phenomenon and are arranged in the cladding, and the outer side of the cladding is provided with an external coating.
Furthermore, the size ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the cross section of the elliptical fiber core is 1: 1-4: 1.
Further, the optical fiber is a single-mode optical conduction mode optical fiber.
Further, the stress area is circular borosilicate glass, the closest distance between the stress area and the fiber core is 5-20 micrometers, the length of the short side of the stress area is 5-10 micrometers, the length of the long side of the stress area is 15-50 micrometers, the distance between the short side and the long side of the stress area is 15-60 micrometers, the doping concentration of boron element in the circular borosilicate glass material is 0.5-2 wt%, and the refractive index difference of the stress area relative to quartz glass is-0.008-0.015.
Further, the external coating comprises an optical fiber inner layer coating and an optical fiber outer layer coating, the optical fiber inner layer coating is low-refractive-index epoxy resin or low-refractive-index acrylic resin or low-refractive-index polysulfone resin, and the optical fiber outer layer coating is high-refractive-index polyurethane resin, high-refractive-index acrylic resin or high-refractive-index polyimide resin.
A method for manufacturing an elliptical core-collar type single-polarization structure optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
depositing a boron-doped stress layer in a quartz tube by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method;
etching the 1/3-1/2 boron-doped region in the boron-doped stress layer by adopting a symmetrical heat source;
depositing a transition cladding;
depositing a fiber core layer;
step five, collecting the rod, and realizing the elliptical shape of the fiber core by adjusting the negative pressure in the tube in the 4-6 times of shrinkage processes before the rod is collected;
step six, sleeving the optical fiber and adjusting the core cladding ratio;
and seventhly, performing working drawing on the optical fiber preform, and finally arranging an external coating on the outer side of the optical fiber preform to manufacture the elliptical core-bow-tie type single polarization structure optical fiber.
Further, when the negative pressure is adjusted in the fifth step, the negative pressure of the first round trip should be 1/5-1/4 of the final negative pressure value, the negative pressure of the second round trip should be 1/3-1/2 of the final negative pressure value, the negative pressure value is set as the final negative pressure value from the third round trip, and the minor axis of the elliptical core should coincide with the connecting line of the centers of the stress elements.
Further, the refractive index of the transition cladding in step three is such that the core numerical aperture is between 0.05 and 0.08.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the negative pressure is such that the size ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the cross section of the elliptical fiber core is 1: 1-4: 1.
Further, the heat source in the second step is an electric heating device.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect can be brought:
the utility model discloses a structure of supplementary bow tie type stress element of oval fibre core realizes high birefringence, and then reach the single polarization performance that the performance is excellent, and simultaneously, adopt the technological method of stress component deposit and the continuous completion of oval fibre core deposit in same process, avoided independent deposit stress component and carried out the process that the stress component punched on the prefabricated stick, both simplified the technology and do benefit to and promote the product yield, it can provide better polarization maintenance effect for polarized light to use the bow tie type stress component, the slow axle that will bow tie type stress component formed coincides with the slow axle that oval fibre core formed, can promote the birefringence to the at utmost.
In the manufacturing process, after the redundant stress element is etched, the short axis direction of the fiber core is coincided with the central connecting line of the stress element through the precise fine adjustment of the negative pressure in the tube, so that the maximum superposition of stress deflection and shape deflection is realized, and the single polarization performance of the optical fiber is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an elliptical core-bow tie type single polarization optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a deposited stress element of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the stress element of the present invention after being partially etched;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a transition cladding deposition structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the fiber core deposition structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an elliptical core structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the oval core and stress element of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a process flow chart of the manufacturing method of the elliptical core-bow tie type single polarization fiber of the present invention;
in the figure, 1: core, 2: stress region, 3: cladding, 4: optical fiber inner coating, 5: optical fiber outer coating, 6: heating source, 7: and (4) transition cladding.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means, creation features, achievement objectives and effects of the present invention, it is easy to understand and understand that the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes the detailed implementation, structure, features and effects of the elliptical core tie-up type single polarization structure optical fiber according to the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the elliptical core-bow-tie type single polarization optical fiber of the present invention is shown in fig. 1;
the embodiment of the utility model provides an oval core bow tie type single polarization optical fiber, including fibre core, stress zone, cladding and outside coating, the fibre core sets up to 1, the stress zone sets up to 2, the fibre core cross section is oval realizes the geometric form birefringence characteristic, the fibre core sets up in the center of cladding, fibre core 1 cross section central point position coincides with fibre cross section central point position, 2 stress zones 2 symmetric distribution realize stress zone type birefringence phenomenon along the both sides of minor axis direction at oval fibre core, and the optical fiber outer coating is arranged in a cladding 3, an outer coating is arranged on the outer side of the cladding 3 and comprises an inner coating 4 and an outer coating 5, the outer coating 5 is low-refractive-index epoxy resin or low-refractive-index acrylic resin or low-refractive-index polysulfone resin, and the optical fiber outer coating is high-refractive-index polyurethane resin, high-refractive-index acrylic resin or high-refractive-index polyimide resin.
In the art, low refractive index is lower than that of the silica cladding (the refractive index of the silica cladding is usually 1.4571), and high refractive index is higher than that of the silica cladding.
The geometric birefringence and stress zone birefringence are superposed, so that the birefringence effect of the polarization maintaining optical fiber is stronger.
The size ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the cross section of the elliptical fiber core is 1: 1-4: 1.
In this embodiment, the optical mode conducted by the optical fiber is a single mode, and the operating wavelength is determined by the material of the optical fiber, the aspect ratio of the cross section of the fiber core, and the refractive index difference of the stress region.
In the embodiment, the stress area is circular borosilicate glass, the closest distance between the stress area and the fiber core is 5-20 micrometers, the length of the short edge of the stress area is 5-10 micrometers, the length of the long edge of the stress area is 15-50 micrometers, the distance between the short edge and the long edge of the stress area is 15-60 micrometers, the doping concentration of boron is 0.5-2 wt%, the refractive index difference of the stress area relative to quartz glass is-0.008-0.015, and the birefringence performance of the optical fiber is determined by the ratio of the length to the length of the fiber core, the size of the stress area, the distance between the stress area and the fiber core and the doping concentration of boron.
Example 1: a method for manufacturing an elliptical core-collar type single-polarization structure optical fiber comprises the following steps:
depositing a boron-doped stress layer in a quartz tube by adopting an improved Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) technology or a Furnace Chemical Vapor Deposition (FCVD) technology, and depositing 3 layers, wherein the flow parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 1100 |
| BCl3 | 30 |
And step two, etching and polishing the stress layer by adopting a flame torch, wherein the quartz tube does not rotate, and the main parameters are as follows:
depositing a transition cladding, reacting silicon tetrachloride and oxygen in the autorotation quartz tube under high-temperature flame to generate silicon oxide, condensing and depositing the silicon oxide on the inner wall of the quartz tube, then vitrifying the silicon oxide into a uniform glass transition cladding under the heating of the flame, wherein the uniform glass transition cladding is used for forming a target numerical aperture with the fiber core and simultaneously preventing the increase of the loss of the fiber core caused by the diffusion of boron elements in the stress layer to the fiber core, and the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 2000 |
| SiCl4 | 1100 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 50 |
| Moving speed of flame lamp (mm/min) | 50 |
| Number of times of reciprocating movement of |
1 |
Step four, depositing a fiber core layer, reacting silicon tetrachloride and germanium tetrachloride with oxygen in a self-rotating quartz tube under high-temperature flame to generate silicon oxide and germanium oxide, condensing and depositing the silicon oxide and the germanium oxide on the inner wall of the quartz tube, and then vitrifying the silicon oxide and the germanium oxide into a uniform glass fiber core under the heating of the flame, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 200 |
| GeCl4 | 500 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 50 |
| Moving speed of flame lamp (mm/min) | 50 |
| Number of times of reciprocating movement of |
5 |
And step five, collecting the rod, and enabling the hollow prefabricated rod to be gradually shrunk into a solid prefabricated rod under high-temperature heating by adjusting the pressure of the inner wall of the quartz tube. The proper negative pressure can control the fiber core finally shrunk to be circular or elliptical. In the scheme, the fiber core is elliptical due to the negative pressure value. The ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the elliptical core is 4:1, and the main parameters are as follows:
step six, sleeving the optical fiber according to the requirement, and adjusting the core (short axis) package ratio to 6: 125;
and seventhly, carrying out drawing on the optical fiber preform, wherein the inner coating is made of acrylic resin with low refractive index, the outer coating is made of acrylic resin with high refractive index, and the elliptical core-collared single-polarization optical fiber is manufactured, wherein the short axis is 6 micrometers, the long axis is 24 micrometers, the diameter of the cladding is 125 micrometers, and the outer diameter of the outer coating is 245 micrometers.
Example 2: a method for manufacturing an elliptical core-collar type single-polarization structure optical fiber comprises the following steps:
depositing a boron-doped stress layer in a quartz tube by adopting a Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) technology or a burnt Chemical Vapor Deposition (FCVD) technology, and depositing 3 layers, wherein the flow parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 1200 |
| BCl3 | 50 |
And step two, etching and polishing the stress layer by adopting a flame torch, wherein the quartz tube does not rotate, and the main parameters are as follows:
| parameter(s) | Numerical value |
| Flame polishing temperature (. degree. C.) | 1800 |
| SF6Flow rate (ml/min) | 200 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 0 |
| Moving speed of flame lamp (mm/min) | 150 |
| Number of times of reciprocating movement of |
3 |
Depositing a transition cladding layer, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 1100 |
Depositing a fiber core layer, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 200 |
| GeCl4 | 500 |
Step five, collecting the rod, wherein the ratio of the short axis to the long axis of the elliptical core is 2:1, and the main parameters are as follows:
| rod shrinkage temperature (. degree. C.) | 2300 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 50 |
| Number of times of lamp- |
3 |
| Pressure in the pipe (torr) | -3 |
| First round trip moving speed (mm/min) of blowtorch | 10 |
| Second round trip movement speed (mm/min) of |
5 |
| Third round trip movement speed (mm/min) of |
2 |
Step six, sleeving the optical fiber according to the requirement, and adjusting the core (short axis) package ratio to 1: 20;
and seventhly, carrying out drawing on the optical fiber preform, wherein the inner coating is low-refractive-index epoxy resin, the outer coating is high-refractive-index polyurethane resin, and the elliptical-core-collared single-polarization optical fiber is prepared, the short axis is 20 micrometers, the long axis is 40 micrometers, the diameter of the cladding is 400 micrometers, and the outer diameter of the outer coating is 550 micrometers, wherein the material of the inner coating is a coating with the refractive index of 1.360-1.380.
Example 3: the method for manufacturing the elliptical core-collar type single polarization optical fiber comprises the following steps
Depositing a boron-doped stress layer in a quartz tube by adopting a Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) technology or a burnt Chemical Vapor Deposition (FCVD) technology, and depositing 4 layers, wherein the flow parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 1000 |
| BCl3 | 40 |
And step two, etching and polishing the stress layer by adopting a flame torch, wherein the quartz tube does not rotate, and the main parameters are as follows:
| parameter(s) | Numerical value |
| Flame polishing temperature (. degree. C.) | 1800 |
| SF6Flow rate (ml/min) | 200 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 0 |
| Moving speed of flame lamp (mm/min) | 150 |
| Number of times of reciprocating movement of |
3 |
Depositing a transition cladding layer, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 1100 |
Depositing a fiber core layer, wherein the main parameters are as follows:
| name of raw material | Flow rate ml/min |
| O2 | 1900～2200 |
| He | 1900～2200 |
| SiCl4 | 200 |
| GeCl4 | 500 |
Step five, collecting the rod, wherein the ratio of the short axis to the long axis of the fiber core is 1:1, and the main parameters are as follows:
| rod shrinkage temperature (. degree. C.) | 2300 |
| Deposition tube self-rotation speed (rpm) | 50 |
| Number of times of lamp- |
5 |
| Pressure in the pipe (torr) | -1 |
| First round trip moving speed (mm/min) of blowtorch | 10 |
| Second round trip movement speed (mm/min) of |
5 |
| Third round trip movement speed (mm/min) of |
2 |
| Fourth round trip movement speed (mm/min) of |
2 |
| Fifth round trip speed (mm/min) of |
2 |
Step six, sleeving the optical fiber according to the requirement, and adjusting the core (short axis) package ratio to 25: 400;
and seventhly, carrying out drawing on the optical fiber preform, wherein an inner coating is low-refractive-index polysulfone resin, an outer coating is high-refractive-index polyimide resin, the elliptical-core-collared single-polarization optical fiber is prepared, the short axis is 25 micrometers, the long axis is 25 micrometers, the diameter of the cladding is 400 micrometers, and the outer diameter of the outer coating is 550 micrometers, wherein the material of the inner coating is a coating with the refractive index of 1.360-1.380.
Fig. 2-7 respectively illustrate structural changes of the stress element and the fiber core in the manufacturing method and process of the elliptical core-collar type single polarization fiber.
The actual measurement extinction ratios of the optical fibers manufactured by the method are as follows:
finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an oval core bow tie type single polarization structure optic fibre, includes fibre core, stress zone, cladding and outside coating, its characterized in that: the number of the fiber cores is 1, the number of the stress areas is 2, the cross section of the fiber core is an ellipse, the fiber core is arranged in the center of the cladding, the central point of the cross section of the fiber core is superposed with the central point of the cross section of the optical fiber, the 2 stress zones are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the elliptical fiber core along the minor axis direction to realize stress zone type birefringence and are arranged in the cladding, an external coating is arranged on the outer side of the cladding, the size ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the cross section of the elliptical fiber core is 1: 1-4: 1, the optical fiber is in a single-mode light conduction mode, the stress area is circular borosilicate glass, the closest distance between the stress area and the fiber core is 5-20 micrometers, stress zone minor face length is 5 ~ 10 microns and the length on long limit is 15 ~ 50 microns, the distance on stress zone minor face and long limit is 15 ~ 60 microns.
2. The elliptical core-collar single polarization structure optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the doping concentration of the boron element in the circular borosilicate glass material is 0.5 wt% -2 wt%, and the refractive index difference of the stress area relative to the quartz glass is-0.008-0.015.
3. The elliptical core-collar single polarization structure optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the external coating comprises an optical fiber inner layer coating and an optical fiber outer layer coating, the optical fiber inner layer coating is low-refractive-index epoxy resin or low-refractive-index acrylic resin or low-refractive-index polysulfone resin, and the optical fiber outer layer coating is high-refractive-index polyurethane resin, high-refractive-index acrylic resin or high-refractive-index polyimide resin.
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| CN110954987A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-03 | 上海传输线研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所） | Elliptical core-bow-tie type single-polarization structure optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN110954987A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-03 | 上海传输线研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所） | Elliptical core-bow-tie type single-polarization structure optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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