CN211577019U - High-energy sparse CT detector and CT detection system - Google Patents
High-energy sparse CT detector and CT detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a CT detector and CT detecting system that high energy is sparse belongs to CT detection technical field, has solved among the prior art CT detecting device with high costs, is unfavorable for the popularization and application of equipment, and imaging accuracy scheduling problem can not be guaranteed to reduce cost. The utility model discloses a CT detector, including high-energy detector and low-energy detector, the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector adopt back-to-back arrangement, and a low-energy detector is arranged above each high-energy detector; the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are both provided with a plurality of rows, the row number of the low-energy detector is larger than that of the high-energy detector, and at least part of the high-energy detectors are distributed in a concentrated mode. The utility model discloses CT detector part high energy detector is concentrated and is arranged, and imaging precision is higher when reduce cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the CT detects, in particular to CT detector and CT detecting system that high energy is sparse.
Background
Among X-ray-based explosive inspection technologies, X-ray computed tomography imaging (CT) technology has been highly regarded in the field of security inspection because of its own unique advantages. An eds (application detection system) type Security inspection device uniquely authenticated by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is a CT device, and the position of the X-ray CT technology in the Security inspection field can be seen.
The X-ray CT security inspection technology is used for reconstructing CT data to obtain a tomographic image of a scanned object, and analyzing characteristic data in the tomographic image to realize identification of dangerous goods in the scanned object. In order to improve the accuracy of CT identification, a dual-energy CT imaging mode is usually adopted, and the dual-energy imaging implementation mode can be in multiple modes such as rapid switching of high energy and low energy of a radiation source, dual-source imaging, a dual-layer detector and the like, wherein the dual-layer detector mode is most commonly applied to security inspection, and is mainly divided into two modes of back-to-back and horse-riding according to the arrangement mode of high energy and low energy.
The two modes require one low-energy detector pixel to correspond to one high-energy detector pixel, so that the cost is high, and the popularization and the application of the equipment are not facilitated. This is reducing the purpose of detector cost, the utility model designs a CT detection device and have device's CT system.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above analysis, the utility model aims at providing a CT detector and CT detecting system that high energy is sparse for solve CT detecting device with high costs, be unfavorable for the popularization and application of equipment, imaging accuracy scheduling problem can not be guaranteed to reduce cost.
The purpose of the utility model is mainly realized through the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the utility model provides a high-energy sparse CT detector, which is characterized by comprising a high-energy detector and a low-energy detector,
the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are both provided with a plurality of rows, the row number of the low-energy detector is larger than that of the high-energy detector, and at least part of the high-energy detectors are distributed in a concentrated mode.
In one possible design, multiple high-energy detector rows distributed in a concentrated manner are arranged in the middle of the multiple low-energy detector rows.
In one possible design, a few high-energy detectors are placed on either side of a plurality of rows of low-energy detectors. The few low energy detectors are exemplarily 2-6 rows.
In one possible design, multiple rows of high-energy detectors, distributed in a concentrated manner, are arranged on one side of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors.
In one possible design, a few high-energy detectors are placed on the other side of the rows of low-energy detectors. The few low energy detectors are exemplarily 2-6 rows.
Furthermore, 24 rows of low-energy detectors are arranged, and the row spacing is 6 mm; the device is provided with 12 rows of high-energy detectors which are all arranged in a concentrated mode and arranged in the middle of the low-energy detectors at the row interval of 6 mm.
Further, 16 rows of low-energy detectors are arranged, and the center distance between two adjacent rows of low-energy detectors is 6 mm; the high-energy detector is provided with 10 rows, 8 rows are arranged in a concentrated mode and are arranged in the middle of the low-energy detector, the other two rows of high-energy detectors are arranged on two sides of the detector, and the center distance between the two rows of high-energy detectors and the nearest high-energy detector is 24 mm.
Further, the high-energy detector comprises a scintillator and a diode; the low energy detector includes a scintillator and a diode.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a CT detection system, which comprises a CT detection device, a conveyor belt, a data processing computer, a conveyor belt motor, a slip ring motor and a motion control computer;
the CT detection device comprises a ray source, a rotating disk and a CT detector.
Furthermore, the ray source and the CT detector are arranged on the rotating disk, the CT detector is connected with the data processing computer, and the conveyer belt motor and the slip ring motor are both connected with the motion control computer;
the motion control computer controls the conveyor belt motor to drive the conveyor belt to move at a constant speed, and the motion control computer controls the slip ring motor to rotate at a constant speed.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can realize one of following technological effect at least:
1) the number of rows of low-energy detectors is larger than that of rows of high-energy detectors, and at least part of high-energy detectors are distributed in a concentrated mode. Firstly, the number of rows of the high-energy detectors is reduced, so that the equipment cost can be obviously reduced. Secondly the utility model discloses well high energy detector is concentrated and is arranged the precision that can guarantee dual-energy formation of image under reduce cost's the condition. Particularly under the condition of low-pitch scanning, part of high-energy detectors are arranged in a concentrated mode, and the row spacing is small, so that the reconstruction accuracy is high, and the windmill artifact is small. The utility model discloses partial high energy detector is concentrated and is arranged and can be guaranteed its imaging definition when low pitch.
2) The utility model discloses the part outside the high energy detector concentrates the distribution can also disperse and set up a small amount of high energy detectors to when improving the pitch, although required projection data increases at the ascending scope of row's side, but a very big part back projection is concentrated the data contribution that distributes the part by the high energy detector, has sufficient data range in order to guarantee row's side simultaneously, and the detector in the outside adopts great row's interval, also can guarantee to a certain extent like this and rebuild the precision. Compared with the uniform and sparse arrangement of the high-energy detectors, the arrangement can better give consideration to the imaging quality under low pitch and high pitch. But also reduces the cost of the detector.
3) And a copper sheet is arranged between the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector and is used for filtering rays after passing through the low-energy detector. The thickness of the copper sheet is 0.3-1mm, and the reason for setting the thickness is to be capable of distinguishing high-energy and low-energy signals as much as possible, but not to be too low.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures.
Fig. 1 shows a CT detection apparatus 1;
fig. 2 shows a CT detection device 2;
fig. 3 shows a CT detection device 3;
fig. 4 shows a CT detection device 4;
fig. 5 is a CT detection system.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of high and low energy projection values and compensation of the high energy projection values;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of high and low energy projection difference and curve fitting;
FIG. 8 is an image quality chart of example 1;
FIG. 9 is an image quality chart of comparative example 1;
FIG. 10 is an image quality chart of example 2;
fig. 11 is an image quality chart of comparative example 2.
Reference numerals:
1-a low energy detector; 2-a PCB board; 3-copper sheet; 4-a high-energy detector; 10-a radiation source; 20-rotating the disc; 30-a CT detector; 40-detected object; 50-a conveyor belt; 60-conveyor belt motor; 70-a motion control computer; 80-slip ring motor; 90-data processing computer.
Detailed Description
A high-energy sparse CT detector and CT detection system are further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are only for comparison and explanation purposes, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
In dual energy CT imaging, the dual energy projection data used for detection identification is much less required in engineering than the projection data used for display, so the following strategy can be used to reduce the cost of the detector: data for one energy is relatively complete and data for a second energy is relatively little.
A CT detector comprises a high-energy detector and a low-energy detector, wherein the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are arranged back to back, and a low-energy detector is arranged above each high-energy detector; the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are both provided with a plurality of rows, the row number of the low-energy detector is larger than that of the high-energy detector, and at least part of the high-energy detectors are distributed in a concentrated manner.
In the existing dual-energy CT security inspection technology, one low-energy detector pixel is required to correspond to one high-energy detector pixel, so that the cost is high, and the popularization and the application of equipment are not facilitated. In dual-energy CT security inspection applications, the amount of projection data required for identification is less than the amount of projection data required for display. Based on this, the utility model discloses the mode of arranging to high energy detector, low energy detector has optimized, and partial high energy detector concentrates and places the detection precision that can guarantee the formation of image of dual energy, can guarantee the image quality of CT formation of image again, reduces the cost of detector simultaneously.
Preferably, the multiple rows of high-energy detectors distributed in a concentrated manner are arranged in the middle of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors, and the rest few high-energy detectors are arranged on two sides of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors. The multiple rows of high-energy detectors distributed in a concentrated manner can also be arranged on one side of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors, and the rest few high-energy detectors are arranged on the other side of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors.
Fig. 1-4 illustrate various embodiments of the present invention, in which the direction from left to right is the row direction. 1 is a low-energy detector, 2 is a PCB, 3 is a copper sheet, and 4 is a high-energy detector; in fig. 1, the high-energy detectors are all arranged in a centralized manner and are located in the middle of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors, and the high-energy detectors are not arranged on both sides of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors. In fig. 2, the high-energy detectors are all arranged in a concentrated manner and are located at one side of the multiple rows of low-energy detectors, and the high-energy detectors are not arranged at the rest positions. In fig. 3, besides the multiple rows of high-energy detectors arranged in a concentrated manner at the middle position, there are also few rows of high-energy detectors at the two side positions. In fig. 4, in addition to the multiple rows of high energy detectors arranged in a concentrated manner at one side, there are also a few rows of high energy detectors at other positions.
When the high-energy detectors are all arranged in a centralized mode, the dual-energy data reconstruction fault is used for identification, and the relatively complete data reconstruction fault is used for display.
When the high-energy detectors are distributed in a centralized mode, curve fitting is conducted on the parts, which are not distributed in the centralized mode, of the high-energy detectors according to the difference value of high-energy and low-energy projection values, high-energy data of the parts, which do not have the high-energy detectors, are obtained according to the fitted curves, dual-energy projection decomposition is conducted, dual-energy image reconstruction is conducted by means of the data subjected to projection decomposition, and density and atomic number information of the object are obtained.
And a copper sheet is arranged between the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector and is used for filtering rays after passing through the low-energy detector. Preferably, the thickness of the copper sheet is between 0.3 and 1mm, which is set to be as thin as possible to distinguish between high and low energy signals, but not so low.
The high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are both provided with scintillators and diodes;
in order to further save cost, all the low-energy detectors of the CT detector can be arranged in a clearance mode, one low-energy detector is arranged above each high-energy detector, and at least part of the high-energy detectors are distributed in a concentrated mode.
A CT detection system, as shown in FIG. 5, includes a CT detection device, a conveyor belt 50, a data processing computer 90, a conveyor belt motor 60, a slip ring motor 80, and a motion control computer 70. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the CT detection device comprises a ray source 10, a rotating disk 20 and a CT detector 30;
the radiation source 10 and the CT detector 30 are disposed on the rotating disk 20, the CT detector 30 is connected to the data processing computer 90, and the conveyor belt motor 60 and the slip ring motor 80 are both connected to the motion control computer 70.
A CT detection method comprising the steps of:
the motion control computer 70 controls the conveyor belt motor 60 to drive the conveyor belt to move at a constant speed, and the motion control computer 70 controls the slip ring motor 80 to rotate at a constant speed;
the detected object 40 is placed on the conveyor belt 50, the conveyor belt 50 drives the detected object 40 to enter the detection channel, and the rotating disc 20 rotates around the conveyor belt at a constant speed;
the radiation source 10 emits radiation, the CT detector 30 receives radiation photon signals from the CT radiation source 10, and the data processing computer 90 acquires and stores CT projection data and processes all data.
When the high-energy detectors are all arranged in a centralized mode, the dual-energy data reconstruction fault is used for identification, and the relatively complete data reconstruction fault is used for display.
When the high-energy detectors are partially and intensively arranged, high-low energy difference values are calculated for positions with high energy and low energy in the parts without concentrated distribution of the high-energy detectors, then B-spline curve fitting or polynomial curve fitting is carried out on the high-low energy difference values, and the difference values between the high energy and the low energy of the positions with low energy and no high energy are estimated according to the fitted curves.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the high energy detector is not concentrated on the distributed portion, the low energy detector has 7 rows of high energy, the high energy detector has 4 rows of high energy, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7 are low energy projection values, and H1, H3, H5, H7 are high energy projection values. D1, D3, D5 and D7 are differences of high and low energy projection values.
D1＝L1-H1；
D3＝L3-H3；
D5＝L5-H5；
D7＝L7-H7；
Curve fitting (which may be B-spline curve fitting or polynomial curve fitting) is performed according to D1, D3, D5 and D7, and D2, D4 and D6 can be obtained according to the fitted curve, as shown in fig. 7.
Obtaining high-energy projection values H2, H4 and H6 according to D2, D4 and D6, as shown in FIG. 6
H2＝L2-D2；
H4＝L4-D4；
H6＝L6-D6；
After high and low energy projection data are obtained, projection decomposition is carried out according to the following formula
Solving for Ac、ApAccording to the principle of CT reconstruction, a is calculated by using a filtered back projection image reconstruction algorithmc、apTherefore, the equivalent atomic number and electron density information of the material can be calculated, so that the detection and identification of the material can be completed. a ispDenotes the photoelectric effect coefficient, acIs the Compton scattering effect coefficient, Ac、ApIs ac、apThe line of (2) integrates the projected values.
The specific principle is as follows:
in the radiation energy range below 200keV, the interaction of the radiation with matter is dominated by compton scattering and the photoelectric effect. The linear attenuation coefficient of a substance is modeled as follows
μ(E)＝acfKN(E)+apfp(E) (1)
Wherein f isp(E)、fKN(E) Is a decomposition coefficient that is energy-dependent only and material-independent. And is provided with
α＝E/510.975KeV，apDenotes the photoelectric effect coefficient, acIs the Compton scattering effect coefficient, ap、 acIs a physical quantity which is independent of energy and only related to material, and has
l1、l2Is two constants, rho is the density of the material, Z is the atomic number, and A is the atomic weight; the model represents the radiation energy within a certain rangeThe attenuation of a substance can be composed of both photoelectric effect and compton scattering. This model is generally a basis effect model.
Also corresponding to the ground effect model is a physical model of the attenuation coefficient of a substance-the ground material model. The model formula is as follows:
μ(E)＝b1μ1(E)+b2μ2(E) (5)
μ1(E)、μ2(E) respectively the linear attenuation coefficients of the two base materials. b1、b2For a certain fixed substance, b for corresponding decomposition coefficients of the two base materials1、b2Are two constants. Equation (5) shows that the linear attenuation coefficient of any one substance can be formed by linearly overlapping the linear attenuation coefficients of two base materials. The two physical models of the base effect and the base material are unified, and the base material model can be deduced from the base effect model.
Recording the attenuation coefficient decomposition model according to the two attenuation coefficient decomposition models
Ac＝∫acdl,Ap＝∫apdl；B1＝∫b1dl,B2＝∫b2dl (6)
According to the BEER law under the condition of wide-spectrum rays, the method comprises
SL(E)、SH(E)，PL、PHRespectively, a high-low energy system energy spectrum and a high-low energy projection. The kernel of the dual-energy CT preprocessing reconstruction algorithm based on projection decomposition is the solution of equation set (7) or equation set (8), namely, the solution A is solved according to equation (7) and equation (8)c、Ap、B1、B2This process is a projection decomposition process.
Due to Ac、Ap、B1、B2Is ac、ap、b1、b2The line integral projection value of (A) is solvedc、Ap、B1、B2Then, according to the principle of CT reconstruction, by using a filtered back projection image reconstruction algorithm, a can be calculatedc、ap、b1、b2Therefore, the equivalent atomic number and electron density information of the material can be calculated, so that the detection and identification of the material can be completed. The calculation formula is as follows:
ρe＝K2ac(10)
K1、K2is two constants, n is 3-4.
ρe＝b1ρe1+b2ρe2(12)
Z in the formulae (11) and (12)1、Z2The atomic numbers of the two base materials are respectively; rhoe1、ρe2The electron densities of the two base materials are respectively.
Example 1
A CT detector is provided with 24 rows of low-energy detectors, and the row spacing is 6 mm; the device is provided with 12 rows of high-energy detectors which are all arranged in a concentrated mode and arranged in the middle of the low-energy detectors at the row interval of 6 mm.
Comparative example 1
A CT detector is provided with 24 rows of low-energy detectors, and the row spacing is 6 mm; the detector is provided with 12 rows of high-energy detectors which are all uniformly and sparsely arranged, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 12mm, namely every two rows of low-energy detectors, and the high-energy detectors are arranged on the low-energy detectors of the adjacent rows.
Under the low pitch condition, the pitch is set to 0.5, the Clock model simulates, the simulation result is shown in figures 8-9, and the reconstruction result of the scheme of the utility model is obviously superior to that of the comparative example under the low pitch condition. The scheme windmill artifact that high energy detector evenly sparsely set up in the comparative example is serious, and the utility model discloses the windmill artifact is very weak. The utility model discloses the scheme that part high energy detector concentrates the distribution is compared in the even scheme image quality of sparsely arranging of high energy detector obviously more excellent.
Example 2
A CT detector is provided with 16 rows of low-energy detectors, and the center distance between two adjacent rows of low-energy detectors is 6 mm; the device is provided with 10 rows of high-energy detectors, wherein 8 rows of high-energy detectors are arranged in a concentrated manner and are arranged in the middle of the low-energy detector, the other two rows of high-energy detectors are arranged on two sides of the detector, and the center distance between the high-energy detectors which are most adjacent to the high-energy detectors is 24 mm.
Comparative example 2
A CT detector is provided with 16 rows of low-energy detectors, and the center distance between the two rows of low-energy detectors is 6 mm; the detector is provided with 8 rows of high-energy detectors which are all uniformly and sparsely arranged, the center distance between the two rows of high-energy detectors is 12mm, namely every other row of low-energy detectors, and the high-energy detectors are arranged on the low-energy detectors of the adjacent rows.
Under the low pitch condition, the pitch is set to be 0.5, the Clock model is simulated, the simulation result is shown in figures 10-11, and the reconstruction result of the scheme of the utility model is obviously superior to that of the comparative example under the low pitch condition. The scheme windmill artifact that high energy detector evenly sparsely set up in the comparative example is serious, and the utility model discloses the windmill artifact is very weak. The utility model discloses the scheme that part high energy detector concentrates the distribution is compared in the even scheme image quality of sparsely arranging of high energy detector obviously more excellent.
Example 3
A CT detector is provided with 16 rows of low-energy detectors, and the center distance between the two rows of low-energy detectors is 6 mm; the high-energy detectors are arranged in 8 rows, are arranged in a concentrated mode and are arranged at one side of the low-energy detectors.
Example 4
A CT detector is provided with 16 rows of low-energy detectors, and the center distance between the two rows of low-energy detectors is 6 mm; the device is provided with 10 rows of high-energy detectors, wherein 8 rows of high-energy detectors are arranged in a concentrated mode and are arranged at one side of a low-energy detector, the other two rows of high-energy detectors are arranged at the other side of the detector, and the center distance between the two rows of high-energy detectors and the nearest high-energy detector is 24 mm.
A projection data that is used for surveying the dual energy projection data of discernment compares with the projection data that is used for showing, and on the engineering, the actual demand will be a lot of less, the utility model discloses the row number that reduces the high energy detector is at least partial high energy detector simultaneously and is concentrated and arrange, both the cost is reduced can guarantee the imaging precision again, satisfies the detection demand.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-energy sparse CT detector is characterized by comprising a high-energy detector and a low-energy detector, wherein the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector are respectively provided with a plurality of rows, the row number of the low-energy detector is greater than that of the high-energy detector, and at least part of the high-energy detector is distributed in a concentrated mode.
2. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 1, wherein the plurality of high-energy detectors in the concentrated distribution are disposed at a position intermediate the plurality of low-energy detectors.
3. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 2, wherein a few high-energy detectors are disposed on both sides of the plurality of rows of low-energy detectors.
4. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 1, wherein the plurality of rows of high-energy detectors distributed in a concentrated manner are disposed on one side of the plurality of rows of low-energy detectors.
5. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 4, wherein a few high-energy detectors are disposed on the other side of the plurality of rows of low-energy detectors.
6. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 2, wherein the low-energy detectors are arranged in 24 rows with a row spacing of 6 mm; the device is provided with 12 rows of high-energy detectors which are all arranged in a concentrated mode and arranged in the middle of the low-energy detectors at the row interval of 6 mm.
7. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 3, wherein the low-energy detectors are arranged in 16 rows, and the centers of two adjacent rows of the low-energy detectors are 6mm apart; the high-energy detector is provided with 10 rows, 8 rows are arranged in a concentrated mode and are arranged in the middle of the low-energy detector, the other two rows of high-energy detectors are arranged on two sides of the detector, and the center distance between the two rows of high-energy detectors and the nearest high-energy detector is 24 mm.
8. The high-energy sparse CT detector of claim 1, wherein the high-energy detector comprises a scintillator and a diode; the low energy detector includes a scintillator and a diode.
9. A CT detection system is characterized by comprising a CT detection device, a conveyor belt, a data processing computer, a conveyor belt motor, a slip ring motor and a motion control computer;
the CT detection apparatus comprises a radiation source, a rotating disk and a CT detector according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. The CT detection system of claim 9, wherein the radiation source and the CT detector are disposed on a rotating disk, the CT detector is connected to a data processing computer, and the conveyor belt motor and the slip ring motor are both connected to a motion control computer;
the motion control computer controls the conveyor belt motor to drive the conveyor belt to move at a constant speed, and the motion control computer controls the slip ring motor to rotate at a constant speed.
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| CN112748133B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-06-16 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | High-energy sparse CT detector, CT detection system and detection method |
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