CN211574169U - Multi-gear transmission with oil way structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-gear transmission with an oil circuit structure, which comprises a shell, an input shaft, an output shaft, a central shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a first intermediate shaft gear set, a second intermediate shaft gear set, a gear pair unit and an oil circuit structure; the oil path structure comprises a shell oil path, an input shaft oil path, an output shaft oil path, a central shaft oil path, a first clutch oil path, a second clutch oil path and a third clutch oil path, wherein a first branch of the shell oil path is communicated with the input shaft oil path; a second branch of the shell oil way is communicated with the central shaft oil way; a third branch of the shell oil way is communicated with the output shaft oil way; all be full of hydraulic oil in this oil circuit structure, consequently only need adjust a small amount of hydraulic oil after, can break the oil pressure balance of second clutch piston intracavity, drive first clutch, second clutch and third clutch and carry out the separation and reunion operation in turn, reach the effect that zero hour waits to switch the separation and reunion.

Description

Multi-gear transmission with oil way structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a derailleur field especially relates to multi-gear derailleur with oil circuit structure.

Background

The transmission is a set of transmission devices for coordinating the rotational speed of the engine and/or the motor with the actual running speed of the wheels for optimum performance of the engine and/or the motor. The transmission can produce different transmission ratios between the engine and/or the electric machine and the wheels during driving of the vehicle. However, in the conventional eight-gear automobile, the eight-gear transmission needs to be engaged by eight sets of gear pairs, so as to achieve the eight-gear shift. The size of the existing transmission is large, the power transmission path of the existing eight-gear transmission is not unique, the gear shifting mechanism is mostly a synchronizer or a shifting fork structure, and when the gear shifting is carried out, the time gap of the gear shifting is long.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, a multi-gear transmission with an oil path structure is needed to be provided, and the problem that the switching time gap is long when gears of an existing transmission are changed is solved.

In order to achieve the above object, the inventor provides a multi-speed transmission with an oil path structure, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft, a gear pair unit, a first intermediate shaft gear set, a second intermediate shaft gear set, a central shaft and an oil path structure;

the input shaft is provided with a first input gear, the output shaft is provided with a first output gear, the central shaft is provided with a first central gear and a second central gear, the driving part of the gear pair unit is arranged on the input shaft and/or the central shaft, and the gear pair unit is positioned between the first input gear and the first central gear;

the linkage part of the gear pair unit is arranged on a main shaft of a first intermediate shaft gear set, the first intermediate shaft gear set is used for being meshed with a first input gear, a driving part of the gear pair unit and a first central gear respectively to form gear pair transmission, and the second intermediate shaft gear set is used for being meshed with a second central gear and a first output gear respectively to form gear pair transmission;

the gear pair unit is used for transmitting the power of the input shaft to the first intermediate shaft gear set and/or transmitting the power on the first intermediate shaft gear set to the central shaft;

a first clutch is arranged on an input shaft between the first input gear and the gear pair unit, a first clutch end of the first clutch is arranged on the first input gear, and a second clutch end of the first clutch is arranged on the gear pair unit;

a second clutch is arranged on a central shaft between the gear pair unit and the first central gear, a first clutch end of the second clutch is arranged on the gear pair unit, and a second clutch end of the second clutch is arranged on the first central gear;

a third clutch is arranged on the output shaft between the second central gear and the first output gear, a first clutch end of the third clutch is arranged on the second central gear, and a second clutch end of the third clutch is arranged on the first output gear;

the rotating speed of the input shaft is greater than, equal to or less than that of the output shaft;

the oil path structure comprises a shell oil path, an input shaft oil path, an output shaft oil path, a central shaft oil path, a first clutch oil path, a second clutch oil path and a third clutch oil path, wherein the shell oil path is arranged in the shell, the input shaft oil path is arranged in the input shaft, and a first branch of the shell oil path is communicated with the input shaft oil path; the central shaft oil way is arranged in the central shaft, and a second branch of the shell oil way is communicated with the central shaft oil way; the output shaft oil path is arranged in the output shaft, and a third branch of the shell oil path is communicated with the output shaft oil path; the first clutch oil path is arranged in the first clutch, and the input shaft oil path is communicated with the first clutch oil path; the second clutch oil path is arranged in the second clutch, and the central shaft oil path is communicated with the second clutch oil path; the third clutch oil path is arranged in the third clutch, and the output shaft oil path is communicated with the third clutch oil path.

Furthermore, the housing oil path comprises a first double-hole conveying oil path, a second double-hole conveying oil path and a third double-hole conveying oil path, an oil inlet of the first double-hole conveying oil path, an oil inlet of the second double-hole conveying oil path and an oil inlet of the third double-hole conveying oil path are arranged on the outer side surface of the housing, an oil outlet of the first double-hole conveying oil path is arranged on the inner surface of the shaft hole of the input shaft, an oil outlet of the second double-hole conveying oil path is arranged on the inner surface of the shaft hole of the central shaft, and an oil outlet of the third double-hole conveying oil path is arranged on the inner surface of the shaft hole.

Further, the first clutch oil path comprises a first oil guide passage and a second oil guide passage;

the first oil guide channel is arranged between one side of the piston inner cavity of the clutch and the inner side surface of the inner hole of the clutch, and the second oil guide channel is arranged between the other side of the piston inner cavity of the clutch and the inner side surface of the inner hole of the clutch;

the second clutch oil path and the third clutch oil path are structurally identical to the first clutch oil path.

Further, the first clutch includes a first clutch piece, a second clutch piece, and a piston unit;

the piston unit comprises a double-end piston body and a cavity, the cross section of the double-end piston body is I-shaped, one end of the double-end piston body is arranged in the cavity, the other end of the double-end piston body is positioned outside the cavity, the oil outlet of the first oil guide channel is arranged on one side of the cavity, and the oil outlet of the second oil guide channel is arranged on the other side of the cavity;

the first clutch block comprises a first friction plate group, the second clutch block comprises a second friction plate group, the first friction plate group is positioned on one side of the other end of the double-end piston body, the second friction plate group is positioned on the other side of the other end of the double-end piston body, the first clutch block and the second clutch block are arranged on a gear pair, and the double-end piston body is used for driving one group of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to be combined and the other group of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to be separated;

the second clutch and the third clutch are arranged in the same structure as the first clutch.

Furthermore, the input shaft oil path comprises a first conveying oil path and a second conveying oil path, an oil inlet of the first conveying oil path is communicated with one oil path of the first double-hole conveying oil path, an oil outlet of the first conveying oil path is communicated with the first oil guide path, an oil inlet of the second conveying oil path is communicated with the other oil path of the first double-hole oil path, and an oil outlet of the second conveying oil path is communicated with the second oil guide path.

Furthermore, the center shaft oil path comprises a third conveying oil path and a fourth conveying oil path, an oil inlet of the third conveying oil path is communicated with one oil path of the second double-hole oil path, an oil outlet of the third conveying oil path is communicated with one oil guide path of the second clutch oil path, an oil inlet of the fourth conveying oil path is communicated with the other oil path of the second double-hole oil path, and an oil outlet of the fourth conveying oil path is communicated with the other oil guide path of the second clutch oil path.

Furthermore, the output shaft oil path comprises a fifth delivery oil path and a sixth delivery oil path, an oil inlet of the fifth delivery oil path is communicated with an oil path of the third double-hole oil path, an oil outlet of the fifth delivery oil path is communicated with an oil guide path of the third clutch oil path, an oil inlet of the sixth delivery oil path is communicated with another oil path of the third double-hole oil path, and an oil outlet of the sixth delivery oil path is communicated with another oil guide path of the third clutch oil path.

Further, a first sealing ring is arranged on the input shaft on two sides of each oil inlet of the input shaft oil path, a first sealing ring is arranged on the input shaft on two sides of each oil inlet of the central shaft oil path, and a third sealing ring is arranged on the input shaft on two sides of each oil inlet of the output shaft oil path.

Further, the gear transmission device further comprises a common gear, the input shaft is provided with a first input gear, the output shaft is provided with a first output gear, and the common gear is arranged on the input shaft and/or the output shaft between the first input gear and the first output gear.

Further, the intermediate shaft is provided with a second input gear, an input output gear and a second output gear; the first input gear and the second input gear are meshed with each other, the first output gear and the second output gear are meshed with each other, and the common gear and the input and output gears are meshed with each other;

the first and second clutches are disposed between the first input gear and the common gear, and the second and second clutches are disposed between the common gear and the first output gear.

Different from the prior art, the power transmission path of the technical scheme is as follows: the gear shifting device comprises an input shaft, a first intermediate shaft gear set, a central shaft, a second intermediate shaft gear set and an output shaft, namely power is input through the input shaft and is finally output through the output shaft, and the purpose of gear shifting is achieved through gear pairs and clutches on the shafts. The first clutch conveys hydraulic oil through the shell oil path, the input shaft oil path and the first clutch oil path, so that the first clutch performs clutch operation; in a similar way, the second clutch conveys hydraulic oil through the shell oil path, the central shaft oil path and the second clutch oil path of the oil path structure, so that the clutch operation is performed. The third clutch conveys hydraulic oil through a shell oil path, an output shaft oil path and a third clutch oil path of the oil path structure, so that clutch operation is performed. The oil circuit structure is filled with hydraulic oil, so that the oil pressure balance in the piston cavity of the second clutch can be broken only by adjusting a small amount of hydraulic oil, the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are driven to perform clutch operation, and the effect of waiting for clutch switching at zero time is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a multi-speed transmission having an oil circuit configuration according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-speed transmission having an oil circuit configuration according to an exemplary embodiment;

fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a multiple speed transmission having an oil circuit configuration according to an exemplary embodiment.

Description of reference numerals:

10. an input shaft; 11 a first input gear; 12. an input shaft oil path; 121. a first delivery oil path; 122. A second delivery oil path;

20. an output shaft; 21. a first output gear; 22. an output shaft oil path; 221. A fifth delivery oil path; 222. a sixth oil delivery passage;

30. a gear sub unit; 301. a common gear; 302. an input output gear;

40. a first countershaft gear set; 41. a transmission intermediate shaft; 42. a second input gear; 43. A central input gear;

50. a second countershaft gear set; 51. an output intermediate shaft; 52. a central output gear; 53. A second output gear;

60. a central shaft; 61. a first sun gear; 62. a second sun gear; 63. a central shaft oil path; 631. A third oil delivery path; 632. a fourth delivery oil path;

70. a first clutch; 71. a first clutch oil path; 712. a first oil guide passage; 713. A second oil guide passage; 72. a first clutch block; 73. a second clutch block; 74. a piston unit; 741. A double-ended piston body; 742 the cavity; 75. a first friction plate set; 76. a second friction plate set;

80. a second clutch; 81. a second clutch oil path;

90. a third clutch; 91. a third clutch oil path;

100. a housing; 101. a housing oil passage; 1011. a first double-hole oil delivery path; 1012. A second double-hole oil delivery path; 1013. a third double-hole oil delivery path;

01. a first seal ring; 02. a second seal ring; 03. and a third seal ring.

Detailed Description

To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a multi-speed transmission with an oil path structure, which includes a housing 100, an input shaft 10, an output shaft 20, a gear pair unit 30, a first intermediate shaft gear set 40, a second intermediate shaft gear set 50, a central shaft 60 and an oil path structure.

The first input gear 11 is mounted on the input shaft, the first output gear 21 is mounted on the output shaft, and the first sun gear 61 and the second sun gear 62 are mounted on the central shaft. The gear pair unit comprises a driving part and a linkage part, the driving part is arranged on the input shaft and/or the central shaft, and the linkage part is arranged on the main shaft of the first central shaft gear set, so that the driving part and the linkage part form a gear pair to transmit power. The central axis of the input shaft, the central axis of the output shaft and the central axis of the central shaft are collinear, the central axis of the main shaft of the first intermediate shaft gear set is parallel to the central axis of the input shaft, and the central axis of the main shaft of the second intermediate shaft gear set is parallel to the central axis of the output shaft in the same way, so that the length size of the transmission is reduced compared with the existing transmission in structural arrangement, the area of the cross section is not increased, the overall size of the transmission is reduced, the space for installing the transmission is saved, and the production cost of the transmission is reduced.

A first clutch 70 is provided on the input shaft between the first input gear and the gear sub unit for clutching the first input gear and the gear sub unit. A second clutch 80 is provided on the central axis between the gear sub unit and the first sun gear, and is used for clutching the gear sub unit and the first sun gear. A third clutch 90 is arranged on the output shaft between the second sun gear and the first output gear, and is used for performing clutch operation on the second sun gear and the first output gear. Meanwhile, no matter the first clutch, the second clutch and the third clutch are in any closed state, the transmission only has one gear output, so that the only path of power transmission is realized.

In the present embodiment, the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch may be any clutch structure such as a friction clutch, a torque converter (fluid coupling), a pneumatic clutch, a dog clutch, a synchronizer, or an electromagnetic clutch. Each clutch has two clutch ends, for example, the first clutch is operated to open or close the first input gear through the first clutch end, and the first clutch is operated to open or close the common gear 301 through the second clutch end, so as to realize the clutch operation of the two gear pairs.

In this embodiment, the first clutch includes a first clutch piece 72, a second clutch piece 73 and a piston unit 74, the piston unit includes a double-headed piston body 741 and a cavity 742, the cross section of the double-headed piston body is i-shaped, and the double-headed piston body is formed by combining three ring bodies, so that the double-headed piston body is installed in the cavity, and the double-headed piston body is controlled to move in the cavity by inputting hydraulic oil, thereby achieving a clutch operation in which one end of the clutch is in a closed state and the other end of the clutch is in a disengaged state.

In the present embodiment, the first friction plate set 75 and the second friction plate set 76 are arranged in the same structure, and the components thereof may be a friction plate and a steel plate or a friction plate and a friction plate, and the friction plate and the steel plate are taken as an example in the present embodiment for illustration. Installing a friction plate on the clutch block, and installing a steel sheet on the outer side surface of the cavity; on the contrary, the friction plate can be arranged on the outer side surface of the cavity, the steel sheet is arranged on the clutch block, and then the mutual contact friction effect between the friction plate and the steel sheet is formed, so that the gear connected to the other end of the clutch block is subjected to clutch operation.

The oil path structure in this embodiment includes a housing oil path 101, an input shaft oil path 12, an output shaft oil path 22, a center shaft oil path 63, a first clutch oil path 71, a second clutch oil path 81, and a third clutch oil path 91, where the housing oil path is disposed in the housing, the input shaft oil path is disposed in the input shaft, and a first branch of the housing oil path is communicated with the input shaft oil path; the central shaft oil way is arranged in the central shaft, and a second branch of the shell oil way is communicated with the central shaft oil way; the output shaft oil circuit is arranged in the output shaft, and a third branch of the shell oil circuit is communicated with the output shaft oil circuit. The first clutch oil path is arranged in the first clutch, and the input shaft oil path is communicated with the first clutch oil path; the second clutch oil path is arranged in the second clutch, and the central shaft oil path is communicated with the second clutch oil path; the third clutch oil path is arranged in the third clutch, and the output shaft oil path is communicated with the third clutch oil path.

The housing oil paths include a first double-hole delivery oil path 1011, a second double-hole delivery oil path 1012, and a third double-hole delivery oil path 1013, the first clutch oil path includes a first oil guide channel 712 and a second oil guide channel 713, the input shaft oil path includes a first delivery oil path 121 and a second delivery oil path 122, the center shaft oil path includes a third delivery oil path 631 and a fourth delivery oil path 632, and the output shaft oil path includes a fifth delivery oil path 221 and a sixth delivery oil path 222. Specifically, hydraulic oil is injected into one side of the cavity through the first oil guide passage, and meanwhile hydraulic oil is also injected into the other side of the cavity through the second oil guide passage, so that the pressures of the two ends of the double-end piston body in the cavity are the same, the double-end piston body is kept balanced in the cavity, and an initial preparation state is achieved.

The oil inlet of the first oil conveying path is communicated with one oil duct of the first double-hole oil conveying path, the oil outlet of the first oil conveying path is communicated with the first oil guide duct, the oil inlet of the second oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil duct of the first double-hole oil conveying path, and the oil outlet of the second oil conveying path is communicated with the second oil guide duct. The oil inlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with one oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with one oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path, the oil inlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path. The oil inlet of the fifth oil conveying path is communicated with one oil duct of the third double-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the fifth oil conveying path is communicated with one oil guide duct of the third clutch oil path, the oil inlet of the sixth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil duct of the third double-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the sixth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil guide duct of the third clutch oil path.

In this embodiment, only one clutch is arranged on the input shaft, so that only two oil passages are needed to convey hydraulic oil respectively. When the first clutch is subjected to clutch operation, hydraulic oil is input into the cavity of the first clutch through the shell oil path, the input shaft oil path and the first clutch oil path, and then the hydraulic oil is conveyed.

Specifically, two oil passages are formed among the shell, the input shaft and the first clutch. The first double-hole oil conveying path of the shell oil path is provided with two oil paths, hydraulic oil is conveyed to the input shaft through the first double-hole oil conveying path, the input shaft oil path is conveyed through the first oil conveying path and the second oil conveying path respectively and is in conduction connection with the two oil paths of the first double-hole oil conveying path respectively, the first clutch oil path is in conduction connection with the first oil conveying path through the first oil guide path, the second oil guide path is in conduction connection with the second oil conveying path and conveys the hydraulic oil to the two sides of the cavity respectively, and the purpose of conveying the hydraulic oil from the shell to the first clutch and the purpose of conveying the hydraulic oil into the second clutch are achieved. In a similar way, the oil path arrangement principle of the hydraulic oil transmission of the second clutch on the central shaft is the same, namely the hydraulic oil is transmitted to the cavity of the second clutch through the second double-hole transmission oil path of the shell oil path, the central shaft oil path and the second clutch oil path. The oil circuit that the hydraulic oil of the third clutch on the output shaft carried sets up the principle the same, carries oil circuit, output shaft oil circuit and third clutch oil circuit through the third diplopore of casing oil circuit promptly, carries hydraulic oil to the cavity of third clutch in.

Two annular oil inlet grooves are formed in the connecting position of a first double-hole conveying oil way of a shell oil way and an input shaft oil way, two sides of each oil inlet groove are sealed through a first sealing ring 01, namely the sealing rings are located between the shell and the input shaft, and each first double-hole conveying oil way is in conducting connection with one oil inlet groove. And the input shaft is connected with the inner hole of the first clutch in an interference fit manner, and meanwhile, an annular oil outlet groove is adopted, so that the oil path of the input shaft is respectively communicated with the first oil guide channel and the second oil guide channel, and then hydraulic oil is respectively conveyed to two sides of the cavity, and the purpose of controlling the double-head piston body to move in the cavity through the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil is achieved. The second sealing ring 02 is arranged at the joint of the second double-hole oil conveying way and the central shaft oil way, and the third sealing ring 03 is arranged at the joint of the third double-hole oil conveying way and the output shaft oil way. The arrangement structure of the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring is the same as that of the first sealing ring.

In this embodiment, the first clutch block is connected to the input gear of the input shaft, and the second clutch block is connected to the common gear, so that the first clutch can perform mutually exclusive clutch control on the first gear pair of the input shaft and the second gear pair of the common gear. In this embodiment, for example, the first oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear after oil enters, and the second oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first input gear after oil enters.

And hydraulic oil pumps can be used for conveying the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to different pipelines in the oil circuit in the transmission. For example, when the first gear pair needs to be in the engaged state, the hydraulic oil is conveyed through the other oil passage of the first dual-orifice conveying oil passage, the second conveying oil passage of the input shaft oil passage and the second oil guide passage, so that the double-headed piston body of the first and second clutches moves towards the first gear pair. The first friction plate group is pushed by the double-end piston body to perform combined friction, and power is transmitted to the first input gear from the input shaft through the first clutch block, so that the first gear pair is in a combined state, namely the first input gear is meshed with the second input gear, and the power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft from the input shaft. And at the moment, the first double clutch and the second gear pair are in an off state.

Similarly, when the second gear pair is in a closed state, the hydraulic oil is conveyed through the routes of one oil duct of the first double-hole conveying oil path, the first conveying oil path of the input shaft oil path and the first oil guide path, so that the double-head piston body of the first clutch and the double-head piston body of the second clutch move towards the second gear pair. The second friction plate group is pushed by the double-end piston body to perform combined friction, and power is transmitted to the common gear from the input shaft through the second clutch block, so that the second gear pair is in a combined state, namely the common gear is meshed with the input and output gears, and the power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft from the input shaft. At this time, the first and second clutches and the first gear pair are in a disengaged state.

Similarly, the second clutch is used in the same manner as the first clutch. The second clutch conveys the hydraulic oil to the second clutch through the second double-hole conveying oil path, the output shaft oil path and the second oil guide path, namely, the two oil paths of the second double-hole conveying oil path, the third conveying oil path and the fourth conveying oil path of the output shaft oil path and the two oil paths of the second oil guide path are respectively connected and communicated, so that two mutually independent oil conveying paths are formed, and the purpose of mutually exclusive clutch control of the second gear pair and the third gear pair is achieved.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the oil inlet of the first oil delivery path is communicated with one oil passage of the first dual-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the first oil delivery path is communicated with the first oil guide passage, the oil inlet of the second oil delivery path is communicated with the other oil passage of the first dual-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the second oil delivery path is communicated with the second oil guide passage. Similarly, the oil inlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with one oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with the first oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path, the oil inlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the second oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path. Therefore, each clutch is provided with two oil conveying pipelines which are independent of each other and used for conveying hydraulic oil.

All adopt in the oil circuit structure of transmission in this embodiment to be full of hydraulic oil state work, consequently only need toward the cavity after hydraulic oil of reinjection into again, can make the oil pressure in the cavity unbalance, and then drive the double-end piston body and remove in the cavity to drive friction through the double-end piston body and combine first or second friction piece group, reach the effect of separation and reunion. The preparation time for driving the double-head piston body to move is zero, the effect of waiting for clutch switching when the time is zero is achieved, and the waiting time of the clutch structure during clutch switching is shortened.

The first countershaft gear set in this embodiment includes a drive countershaft 41, a second input gear 42 and a central input gear 43, and the gear pair unit includes a common gear 301 and an input output gear 302, the input output gear being mounted on the drive countershaft, the second input gear and the central input gear being sequentially disposed on the drive countershaft, the second input gear being disposed in meshing engagement with the first input gear, and the central input gear being disposed in meshing engagement with the first central gear. The common gear is arranged on the input shaft and/or the central shaft, the common gear is positioned between the first input gear and the first central gear, the input output gear is positioned between the second input gear and the central input gear, and the input output gear is meshed with the common gear.

Specifically, the first transmission path is: the first input gear is operated in an on state through the first clutch, and the common gear is operated in an off state, so that the power of the input shaft is transmitted into the transmission intermediate shaft through the gear pair of the first input gear and the second input gear. In this embodiment, for example, the first oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear after oil enters, and the second oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first input gear after oil enters. Meanwhile, the common gear is operated in an on state through the second clutch, and the first sun gear is operated in an off state, so that the power on the transmission intermediate shaft is transmitted to the central shaft through the gear pair of the common gear and the input and output gear. In this embodiment, for example, after the oil is fed, one oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first sun gear, and then the other oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear after the oil is fed.

The second transmission path is as follows: the first input gear is operated in an on state through the first clutch, and the common gear is operated in an off state, so that the power of the input shaft is transmitted into the transmission intermediate shaft through the gear pair of the first input gear and the second input gear. In this embodiment, for example, the first oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear after oil enters, and the second oil guiding passage pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first input gear after oil enters. Meanwhile, the second clutch is used for carrying out off-state operation on the common gear and carrying out on-state operation on the first sun gear, so that the power on the transmission intermediate shaft is transmitted to the central shaft through the central input gear and the gear pair of the first sun gear. In this embodiment, for example, after the oil is fed, one oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear, and then the other oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first sun gear after the oil is fed.

The third transmission path is: the first input gear is operated in an off state and the common gear is operated in an on state by the first clutch, so that the power of the input shaft is transmitted to the transmission intermediate shaft via the gear pair of the common gear and the input/output gear. In this embodiment, for example, the first oil guide channel pushes the double-end piston body to move toward the first input gear after oil enters, and the second oil guide channel pushes the double-end piston body to move toward the common gear after oil enters. Meanwhile, the second clutch is used for carrying out on-state operation on the common gear, and the first sun gear is used for carrying out off-state operation, so that the power on the transmission intermediate shaft is directly transmitted to the central shaft through the common gear. In this embodiment, for example, after the oil is fed, one oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the first sun gear, and then the other oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-headed piston body to move toward the common gear after the oil is fed.

The fourth transmission path is: the first input gear is operated to be in a disengaged state and the common gear is operated to be in an engaged state by the first clutch, while the first sun gear is operated to be in an engaged state by the second clutch and the common gear is operated to be in an disengaged state, thereby allowing the power of the input shaft to be directly transmitted to the center shaft. In this embodiment, for example, the first oil guide channel pushes the double-end piston body to move toward the first input gear after oil enters, and the second oil guide channel pushes the double-end piston body to move toward the common gear after oil enters. One oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-end piston body to move towards the direction of the common gear after oil is fed, and the other oil guide passage of the second clutch pushes the double-end piston body to move towards the direction of the first central gear after oil is fed. That is, power is transmitted to the transmission intermediate shaft through the gear pair of the common gear and the input/output gear, and then transmitted to the central shaft through the gear pair of the central input gear and the first central gear.

Because the input and output gears are meshed with the common gear to form a gear pair, the second input gear is meshed with the first input gear to form a gear pair, the central input gear is meshed with the first central gear to form a gear pair, and the gear ratios of the three sets of gear pairs are different. Therefore, when power is transmitted to the central shaft, the rotating speeds of the central shaft are four, and the purpose of changing the rotating speeds of the three groups of gear pairs is achieved.

And hydraulic oil pumps can be used for conveying the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to different pipelines in the oil circuit in the transmission. For example, when the first gear pair needs to be in the engaged state, the hydraulic oil is conveyed through the other oil passage of the first dual-orifice conveying oil passage, the second conveying oil passage of the input shaft oil passage and the second oil guide passage, so that the double-headed piston body of the first and second clutches moves towards the first gear pair. The first friction plate group is pushed by the double-end piston body to perform combined friction, and power is transmitted to the first input gear from the input shaft through the first clutch block, so that the first gear pair is in a combined state, namely the first input gear is meshed with the second input gear, and the power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft from the input shaft. And at the moment, the first double clutch and the second gear pair are in an off state.

Similarly, when the second gear pair is in a closed state, the hydraulic oil is conveyed through the routes of one oil duct of the first double-hole conveying oil path, the first conveying oil path of the input shaft oil path and the first oil guide path, so that the double-head piston body of the first clutch moves towards the second gear pair. The second friction plate group is pushed by the double-end piston body to perform combined friction, and power is transmitted to the common gear from the input shaft through the second clutch block, so that the second gear pair is in a combined state, namely the common gear is meshed with the input and output gears, and the power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft from the input shaft. At this time, the first clutch and the first gear pair are in a disengaged state.

Similarly, the second clutch and the third clutch are used in the same way as the first clutch and the second clutch.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the oil inlet of the first oil delivery path is communicated with one oil passage of the first dual-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the first oil delivery path is communicated with the first oil guide passage, the oil inlet of the second oil delivery path is communicated with the other oil passage of the first dual-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the second oil delivery path is communicated with the second oil guide passage. Similarly, the oil inlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with one oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, the oil outlet of the third oil conveying path is communicated with the first oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path, the oil inlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the other oil duct of the second double-hole oil path, and the oil outlet of the fourth oil conveying path is communicated with the second oil guide duct of the second clutch oil path. Therefore, each clutch is provided with two oil conveying pipelines which are independent of each other and used for conveying hydraulic oil.

In the embodiment, power on the central shaft is output through the second intermediate shaft gear set and the output shaft, or the output shaft is directly output, so that gear switching is realized. The second intermediate shaft gear set comprises an output intermediate shaft 51, a central output gear 52 and a second output gear 53, the central output gear and the second output gear are sequentially arranged on the output intermediate shaft, the central output gear is meshed with the second central gear, and the second output gear is meshed with the first output gear. A gear pair with a second central gear and a central output gear, and a gear pair with a second output gear and a first output gear. Thus, in conjunction with the second sun gear on the central shaft, there are two paths for power transmission between the second countershaft gearset and the output shaft.

Specifically, because the second sun gear is always in meshed transmission with the central output gear, the output intermediate shaft of the third clutch can be driven to rotate no matter the output intermediate shaft is in any state. The first transmission path is therefore: the second central gear is operated in an on state through the third clutch, and when the first output gear is operated in an off state, the power on the central shaft is directly transmitted to the output shaft. The second transmission path is as follows: when the third clutch is used for operating the second sun gear in an off state and the first output gear is used for operating the first output gear in an on state, the power on the second intermediate shaft gear set is transmitted to the output shaft through the gear pair of the second output gear and the first output gear. And because the gear ratio of the second sun gear to the sun output gear is different from the gear ratio of the second output gear to the first output gear, the output shaft has two rotation speeds for switching. The oil inlet modes of the two oil guide passages of the third clutch refer to the oil inlet modes of the oil guide passages of the first clutch and the second clutch.

Through the above, it can be known that five or six gear pairs can be arranged in the whole transmission, the gear ratios of any two gear pairs of the five or six gear pairs are not equal, and the gear ratios in the embodiment are the gear ratios of the driving gear and the driven gear, so that the output shaft has eight rotational transformations by combining the four rotational speed switching of the middle input shaft, the first intermediate shaft gear set and the central shaft, the purpose that the rotational speed of the input shaft is not equal to the rotational speed of the output shaft is achieved, and the whole transmission achieves the effect of switching eight gears.

In the above embodiments, the number of the transmission intermediate shaft and the output intermediate shaft may be plural, such as two, three, or four. The plurality of transmission intermediate shafts and the plurality of output intermediate shafts can be respectively arranged around the input shaft and the output shaft, for example, the two transmission intermediate shafts can be respectively arranged at the upper position and the lower position of the input shaft, the two output intermediate shafts can be respectively arranged at the upper position and the lower position of the output shaft, and the plurality of transmission intermediate shafts or the plurality of output intermediate shafts have the same structure, for example, the same gear is arranged. Therefore, the loads of the input shaft and the output shaft can be distributed through the plurality of transmission intermediate shafts and the output intermediate shafts, and the bending strength of the input shaft, the transmission intermediate shafts, the output intermediate shafts and the output shaft is enhanced, so that the bearing capacity of the input shaft and the output shaft is improved, and the purpose of high load is achieved.

The embodiment further includes a housing 100, and the housing hermetically accommodates the input shaft, the output shaft, the central shaft, the first intermediate shaft gear set, the second intermediate shaft gear set, and the gear pair on the input shaft, the output shaft, and the central shaft. Prevent external dust, steam and the like from entering the shell, and prolong the service life of the transmission.

It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, the changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein, or the equivalent structure or equivalent process changes made by the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly apply the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multi-gear derailleur with oil circuit structure which characterized in that: the gear pair unit comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, a gear pair unit, a first intermediate shaft gear set, a second intermediate shaft gear set, a central shaft and an oil path structure;

the input shaft is provided with a first input gear, the output shaft is provided with a first output gear, the central shaft is provided with a first central gear and a second central gear, the driving part of the gear pair unit is arranged on the input shaft and/or the central shaft, and the gear pair unit is positioned between the first input gear and the first central gear;

the linkage part of the gear pair unit is arranged on a main shaft of a first intermediate shaft gear set, the first intermediate shaft gear set is used for being meshed with a first input gear, a driving part of the gear pair unit and a first central gear respectively to form gear pair transmission, and the second intermediate shaft gear set is used for being meshed with a second central gear and a first output gear respectively to form gear pair transmission;

the gear pair unit is used for transmitting the power of the input shaft to the first intermediate shaft gear set and/or transmitting the power on the first intermediate shaft gear set to the central shaft;

a first clutch is arranged on an input shaft between the first input gear and the gear pair unit, a first clutch end of the first clutch is arranged on the first input gear, and a second clutch end of the first clutch is arranged on the gear pair unit;

a second clutch is arranged on a central shaft between the gear pair unit and the first central gear, a first clutch end of the second clutch is arranged on the gear pair unit, and a second clutch end of the second clutch is arranged on the first central gear;

a third clutch is arranged on the output shaft between the second central gear and the first output gear, a first clutch end of the third clutch is arranged on the second central gear, and a second clutch end of the third clutch is arranged on the first output gear;

the rotating speed of the input shaft is greater than, equal to or less than that of the output shaft;

the oil path structure comprises a shell oil path, an input shaft oil path, an output shaft oil path, a central shaft oil path, a first clutch oil path, a second clutch oil path and a third clutch oil path, wherein the shell oil path is arranged in the shell, the input shaft oil path is arranged in the input shaft, and a first branch of the shell oil path is communicated with the input shaft oil path; the central shaft oil way is arranged in the central shaft, and a second branch of the shell oil way is communicated with the central shaft oil way; the output shaft oil path is arranged in the output shaft, and a third branch of the shell oil path is communicated with the output shaft oil path; the first clutch oil path is arranged in the first clutch, and the input shaft oil path is communicated with the first clutch oil path; the second clutch oil path is arranged in the second clutch, and the central shaft oil path is communicated with the second clutch oil path; the third clutch oil path is arranged in the third clutch, and the output shaft oil path is communicated with the third clutch oil path.

2. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil way of the shell comprises a first double-hole conveying oil way, a second double-hole conveying oil way and a third double-hole conveying oil way, wherein an oil inlet of the first double-hole conveying oil way, an oil inlet of the second double-hole conveying oil way and an oil inlet of the third double-hole conveying oil way are arranged on the outer side surface of the shell, an oil outlet of the first double-hole conveying oil way is arranged on the inner surface of a shaft hole of the input shaft, an oil outlet of the second double-hole conveying oil way is arranged on the inner surface of the shaft hole of the central shaft, and an oil outlet of the third double-hole conveying oil way is arranged on the inner.

3. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first clutch oil path comprises a first oil guide passage and a second oil guide passage;

the first oil guide channel is arranged between one side of the piston inner cavity of the clutch and the inner side surface of the inner hole of the clutch, and the second oil guide channel is arranged between the other side of the piston inner cavity of the clutch and the inner side surface of the inner hole of the clutch;

the second clutch oil path and the third clutch oil path are structurally identical to the first clutch oil path.

4. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first clutch comprises a first clutch block, a second clutch block and a piston unit;

the piston unit comprises a double-end piston body and a cavity, the cross section of the double-end piston body is I-shaped, one end of the double-end piston body is arranged in the cavity, the other end of the double-end piston body is positioned outside the cavity, the oil outlet of the first oil guide channel is arranged on one side of the cavity, and the oil outlet of the second oil guide channel is arranged on the other side of the cavity;

the first clutch block comprises a first friction plate group, the second clutch block comprises a second friction plate group, the first friction plate group is positioned on one side of the other end of the double-end piston body, the second friction plate group is positioned on the other side of the other end of the double-end piston body, the first clutch block and the second clutch block are arranged on a gear pair, and the double-end piston body is used for driving one group of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to be combined and the other group of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to be separated;

the second clutch and the third clutch are arranged in the same structure as the first clutch.

5. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the input shaft oil path comprises a first conveying oil path and a second conveying oil path, an oil inlet of the first conveying oil path is communicated with one oil path of the first double-hole conveying oil path, an oil outlet of the first conveying oil path is communicated with the first oil guide path, an oil inlet of the second conveying oil path is communicated with the other oil path of the first double-hole oil path, and an oil outlet of the second conveying oil path is communicated with the second oil guide path.

6. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the central shaft oil way comprises a third conveying oil way and a fourth conveying oil way, an oil inlet of the third conveying oil way is communicated with one oil way of the second double-hole oil way, an oil outlet of the third conveying oil way is communicated with one oil guide way of the second clutch oil way, an oil inlet of the fourth conveying oil way is communicated with the other oil way of the second double-hole oil way, and an oil outlet of the fourth conveying oil way is communicated with the other oil guide way of the second clutch oil way.

7. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the output shaft oil way comprises a fifth conveying oil way and a sixth conveying oil way, an oil inlet of the fifth conveying oil way is communicated with one oil way of the third double-hole oil way, an oil outlet of the fifth conveying oil way is communicated with one oil guide way of the third clutch oil way, an oil inlet of the sixth conveying oil way is communicated with the other oil way of the third double-hole oil way, and an oil outlet of the sixth conveying oil way is communicated with the other oil guide way of the third clutch oil way.

8. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first sealing rings are arranged on the input shafts on the two sides of each oil inlet of the input shaft oil circuit, the first sealing rings are arranged on the input shafts on the two sides of each oil inlet of the central shaft oil circuit, and the third sealing rings are arranged on the input shafts on the two sides of each oil inlet of the output shaft oil circuit.

9. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear transmission mechanism further comprises a common gear, the input shaft is provided with a first input gear, the output shaft is provided with a first output gear, and the common gear is arranged on the input shaft and/or the output shaft between the first input gear and the first output gear.

10. The multi-speed transmission having an oil path structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: the intermediate shaft is provided with a second input gear, an input output gear and a second output gear; the first input gear and the second input gear are meshed with each other, the first output gear and the second output gear are meshed with each other, and the common gear and the input and output gears are meshed with each other;

the first and second clutches are disposed between the first input gear and the common gear, and the second and second clutches are disposed between the common gear and the first output gear.

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