CN211528822U - Optical system and augmented reality device - Google Patents
Optical system and augmented reality device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211528822U CN211528822U CN202020446843.5U CN202020446843U CN211528822U CN 211528822 U CN211528822 U CN 211528822U CN 202020446843 U CN202020446843 U CN 202020446843U CN 211528822 U CN211528822 U CN 211528822U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical system and augmented reality equipment, optical system includes: the image unit, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, the beam splitter, the quarter wave plate and the first polarizer transmit light in the second polarization state and do not transmit light in the first polarization state; the image light emitted by the image unit is converted into light in a second polarization state and transmitted through the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part, the beam splitter, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part, the quarter wave plate and the first polarizer in sequence; the interference light is transmitted to the first polarizer after being converted into the polarization state by the first polarizer, converted into the polarization state by the quarter-wave plate, converted into the polarization state by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element and converted into the light in the first polarization state by the quarter-wave plate in sequence. Therefore, the interference light can be prevented from transmitting to human eyes, and the contrast of the image formed by the optical system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a terminal field especially relates to an optical system and augmented reality equipment.
Background
The optical system is a system formed by combining a plurality of optical elements such as a lens, a reflector, a prism, a diaphragm and the like in a certain order, and is generally used for imaging or optical information processing, for example, the optical system can be used for imaging of Augmented Reality (AR) equipment; the augmented reality equipment is equipment for displaying a virtual image and a real scene in a combined manner, and when ambient light with real world scenery information enters human eyes through one optical path in an optical system, image light with virtual image information enters the human eyes through the other optical path, and information transmitted on the two optical paths is converged at the human eyes, so that the human eyes obtain a mixed image of the real world scenery and the virtual image, and the augmented reality effect is achieved.
In the existing augmented reality equipment, interference light rays of an external environment are easy to enter human eyes, and the contrast of a mixed image entering the human eyes is reduced; the image light is easily transmitted to the external environment, revealing the privacy of the user.
Therefore, an optical system capable of improving image contrast and ensuring user privacy security is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical system and augmented reality equipment is provided for solve the problem that the image contrast is low and user privacy reveals.
In a first aspect, there is provided an optical system comprising: image element, first half anti-partial transmission component, beam splitter, quarter wave plate and first polaroid, wherein:
the image unit, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, the beam splitter, the quarter wave plate and the first polarizer are sequentially arranged along a first light path, and the first polarizer transmits light in a second polarization state;
in the first optical path, image light rays are emitted by the image unit, are partially reflected by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, are reflected by the beam splitter, are partially transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, are transmitted by the quarter wave plate, are converted into light in a second polarization state by the first polarizer and then are transmitted;
the first polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element are sequentially arranged along a second light path, and the first polarizer does not transmit light in a first polarization state;
in the second optical path, the interference light is converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer, the light in the second polarization state is converted into light in a third polarization state in a first rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate, the light in the third polarization state in the first rotation direction is converted into light in the third polarization state in a second rotation direction through the first transflective element, and the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is converted into the light in the first polarization state through the quarter-wave plate and then is transmitted to the first polarizer;
wherein the polarization directions of the first polarization state light and the second polarization state light are orthogonal, and the third polarization state light is synthesized by the first polarization state light and the second polarization state light.
Optionally, the beam splitter, the first half-reflecting and half-transmitting element, the quarter-wave plate, and the first polarizer are sequentially disposed along a third light path;
in the third light path, the ambient light is transmitted by the beam splitter, partially transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, transmitted by the quarter-wave plate, and converted into the light of the second polarization state by the first polarizer and transmitted.
Optionally, the beam splitter is a polarization splitting film;
the polarization light splitting film is used for converting the ambient light into light in the second polarization state and transmitting the light;
the light in the second polarization state is transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part in sequence, is converted into light in a third polarization state in the first rotating direction through the quarter-wave plate, and is converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer and transmitted.
Optionally, the polarization splitting film is configured to convert the image light partially reflected by the first transflective element into light in the first polarization state and reflect the light;
the light in the first polarization state is transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part in sequence, is converted into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate and is transmitted, and the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer and is transmitted.
Optionally, the beam splitter is a second transflective element;
the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element is used for partially transmitting the ambient light.
Optionally, the second transflective element is configured to partially reflect the image light partially reflected by the first transflective element.
Optionally, the optical system further includes: a second polarizer;
the image unit, the second polarizer and the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element are sequentially arranged along a fourth light path, and the second polarizer transmits the light in the first polarization state;
in the fourth optical path, the image light emitted by the image unit is sequentially converted into light in the first polarization state by the second polarizer, and is partially reflected by the first transflective element.
Optionally, the image unit includes a display screen;
the display screen is used for emitting the image light.
Optionally, the image unit further comprises a lens group, the lens group comprising at least one lens;
and the lens group is used for refracting the image light emitted by the display screen.
In a second aspect, an augmented reality device is provided, the augmented reality device comprising a display device and the optical system of any one of the above;
the display device is used for receiving the light rays sent by the optical system and generating a projection image.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by using the polarization principle of light, the semi-reflective and semi-transparent element, the beam splitter, the polarizer and other elements are added in the optical system to perform polarization processing on different light beams, so that, on one hand, the interference light beams can be reflected to the external environment or absorbed, and the transmission of the interference light beams to human eyes is avoided, thereby improving the contrast of the image formed by the optical system; on the other hand, the image light emitted by the image unit can be prevented from being transmitted to the external environment, so that the privacy of the user is ensured to be protected.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are described herein, serve to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute a part of this specification, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are provided for explaining the invention without unduly limiting it. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the following reference numerals are included in figures 1-5:
an image unit-1; a first transflective element-2; a beam splitter-3; a polarization beam splitting film-31; a second semi-reflecting and semi-permeable element-32; a quarter wave plate-4; a first polarizer-5; a second polarizer-6.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, an optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: the image unit 1, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 2, the beam splitter 3, the quarter-wave plate 4 and the first polarizer 5, wherein:
the image unit includes a Display screen for displaying an image (i.e., Emitting image light), the Display screen may be an OLED (organic light-Emitting semiconductor), an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), or the like; preferably, the image unit further comprises a lens group comprising at least one lens; and the lens group is used for refracting the image light emitted by the display screen.
The first transflective element is used for reflecting and transmitting incident light, the inverse transmittance ratio can be set according to requirements, and the surface of the first transflective element can be a plane, a spherical surface, an aspheric surface or a free-form surface; moreover, the first transflective element is a lens structure which is arranged independently, and can also be a film structure which is attached on other base materials.
The beam splitter is an optical element which can divide a beam of light into a plurality of parts, can be a semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element and also can be a polarization beam splitting element, the characteristic of the beam splitter is that the beam of light is divided into two parts according to the inverse transmission ratio of the light, one part of light is transmitted, and the other part of light is reflected; the latter is characterized in that the light can be divided into two linearly polarized lights with orthogonal polarization directions according to the polarization state of the light, one linearly polarized light is transmitted, and the other linearly polarized light is reflected.
The quarter-wave plate is used for converting linearly polarized light into elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light, or converting elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, and the quarter-wave plate can be of a plane or curved surface structure, and can also be of a cylindrical surface, a spherical surface or an aspheric surface structure, wherein the circularly polarized light is the special case of the elliptically polarized light.
The polarizer is also called a polarizer, and is used to control the polarization state of incident light, and can convert light with non-polarization characteristics into light with a specific polarization direction, and the surface of the polarizer can be a plane, a spherical surface, an aspheric surface, a free-form surface, or the like.
Referring to fig. 1, the image unit, the first transflective element, the beam splitter, the quarter-wave plate, and the first polarizer are sequentially disposed along a first optical path, the first polarizer transmits light in a second polarization state, and the first optical path refers to a propagation path through which light emitted from the image unit is transmitted or reflected by the first transflective element, the beam splitter, the quarter-wave plate, and the first polarizer in sequence.
In the first optical path, image light rays are emitted by the image unit, are reflected by the first semi-reflective and semi-transparent element part in sequence, are partially reflected to the beam splitter, are reflected by the beam splitter and are partially transmitted by the first semi-reflective and semi-transparent element; then, the light is transmitted to the polarizer through the quarter-wave plate, converted into the light in the second polarization state by the first polarizer and transmitted to enter human eyes.
The image light comprises light in a first polarization state and light in a second polarization state, and the polarization directions of the light in the first polarization state and the light in the second polarization state are orthogonal. For ease of distinction, light of the first polarization state is labeled "●" and light of the second polarization state is labeled as a left-right arrow in the drawing
Or an up-down arrow.
Referring to fig. 1 as well, the first polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the first transflective element are sequentially disposed along a second optical path, the first polarizer does not transmit light in a first polarization state, and the second optical path is a propagation path through which interfering light is transmitted or reflected sequentially by the first polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the first transflective element.
In the second light path, the interference light is converted into the light of the second polarization state by the first polarizer, and the light of the second polarization state is converted into the light of the third polarization state in the first rotation direction by the quarter-wave plate, which is recorded as
The light with the third polarization state in the first rotation direction is converted into the light with the third polarization state in the second rotation direction by the first transflective element, and is recorded as
And the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is converted into the light in the first polarization state by the quarter-wave plate and then is transmitted to the first polarizer without being transmitted.
It is understood that, for the purpose of non-transmission, one skilled in the art may configure the first polarizer based on the polarizer characteristics actually required and possibly present in the market, for example, the first polarizer may reflect the light in the first polarization state, and the first polarizer may absorb the light in the first polarization state, and other configurations capable of achieving non-transmission are not limited herein.
The disturbing light is light in the real environment except for ambient light, the ambient light is light in the real environment fused with a virtual environment (a simulated virtual scene generated based on an AR or VR technology) corresponding to the image light, in short, the ambient light is light expected to be fused into the virtual environment, and the disturbing light is light not expected to enter the virtual environment; the light of the third polarization state is synthesized by the light of the first polarization state and the light of the second polarization state, one of the first rotation direction and the second rotation direction is left-handed, and the other is right-handed.
The light in the first polarization state is linearly polarized light in a first polarization direction, the light in the second polarization state is linearly polarized light in a second polarization direction, the first polarization direction can be the A direction, and the second polarization direction can be the B direction, and because the light in the first polarization state and the light in the second polarization state can rotate around the light propagation direction on the premise of meeting the mutual orthogonality, the light in the first polarization state can also be linearly polarized light with a certain angle with the A direction, and the light in the second polarization state can also be linearly polarized light with a certain angle with the B direction; the light in the third polarization state is elliptical polarized light or circular polarized light synthesized by the linearly polarized light in the first polarization state and the linearly polarized light in the second polarization state, and due to the difference between the phase differences of the linearly polarized light in the first polarization state and the linearly polarized light in the second polarization state, the synthesized light in the third polarization state can be left-handed elliptical polarized light, right-handed elliptical polarized light, left-handed circular polarized light or right-handed circular polarized light.
Preferably, the central axis of the first polarizer may coincide with the central axis of the first transflective element; the quarter-wave plate may be disposed between the first polarizer and the first transflective element, and may be attached to a side of the first transflective element adjacent to the first polarizer, and a central axis of the quarter-wave plate may coincide with a central axis of the first transflective element.
Referring to fig. 1, the beam splitter, the first semi-reflective and semi-transmissive element, the quarter-wave plate, and the first polarizer are sequentially disposed along a third optical path, where the third optical path is a propagation path through which ambient light is transmitted or reflected by the beam splitter, the first semi-reflective and semi-transmissive element, the quarter-wave plate, and the first polarizer in sequence;
in the third light path, the ambient light is transmitted by the beam splitter, partially transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, transmitted by the quarter-wave plate, and converted into the light of the second polarization state by the first polarizer and transmitted.
The following describes the working principle of an optical system provided in this embodiment in detail:
on one hand, the display screen of the image unit emits image light, and the lens group of the image unit refracts the image light (the image light is transmitted to the first transflective element); the first half-reflecting and half-transmitting element partially transmits the image light (the partial image light propagates to the quarter-wave plate) and reflects the other part (the partial image light propagates to the beam splitter); the beam splitter transmits part of the image light (the image light propagates to the external environment) and reflects the other part (the image light propagates to the first transflective element); the first half-reflecting and half-transmitting element partially transmits the image light (the image light is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and the other part reflects the image light; the quarter-wave plate transmits the image light (the image light propagates to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the image light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the human eye), so that the human eye sees the virtual image displayed by the image unit.
On the other hand, the beam splitter partially transmits ambient light (ambient light propagates to the first transflective element) and partially reflects ambient light (ambient light propagates to the external environment); the first transflective element partially reflects ambient light, partially transmits ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transmits the ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the ambient light into light of a second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to human eyes), so that the human eyes can see real scenery images.
In yet another aspect, the first polarizer transforms the disturbing light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction propagates to the first transflective element), the first transflective element transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction propagates to the quarter-wave plate), and the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction into light of the first polarization state (the light of the first polarization state propagates to the first polarizer) and transmits to the first polarizer. Since the first polarizer does not transmit the light of the first polarization state, the interference light can be prevented from entering human eyes.
Based on the embodiment, when the virtual image and the real scene image both reach the eyes of a person, the user can see the superposed mixed image, so that the effect of augmented reality is achieved; since the disturbing light is reflected or absorbed by the first polarizer and cannot enter human eyes, the contrast of the mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the optical system includes: the device comprises an image unit 1, a first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 2, a polarization beam splitting film 31, a quarter-wave plate 4 and a first polarizer 5; wherein:
in the second optical path, the polarization splitting film is configured to convert the ambient light into light of the second polarization state and transmit the light, so that the light of the second polarization state is transmitted through the first transflective element in sequence, and is converted into light of a third polarization state in the first rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate, and the light of the third polarization state in the first rotation direction is converted into light of the second polarization state through the first polarizer and is transmitted.
In the first optical path, the polarization splitting film is configured to convert the image light reflected by the first transflective element into light in the first polarization state and reflect the light, so that the light in the first polarization state is transmitted through the first transflective element in sequence, converted into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate and transmitted, and converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer and transmitted.
It will be appreciated that the present embodiment further defines the use of a polarizing beam splitting film as the beam splitter with respect to the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1. Therefore, only the polarization splitting film is described here, and the functions of other optical elements are not described again, and similar points can be referred to the related description in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1.
The working principle of an optical system provided by the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 is explained in detail as follows:
on one hand, the display screen of the image unit emits image light, and the lens group of the image unit refracts the image light (the image light is transmitted to the first transflective element); the first transflective element partially transmits the image light (the image light of the part is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate) and reflects the other part (the image light of the part is transmitted to the polarization splitting film); the polarization splitting film converts the image light into light of a first polarization state and reflects the light (the light of the first polarization state is transmitted to the first transflective element), and converts the image light into light of a second polarization state and transmits the light (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the external environment); the first transflective element partially transmits light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and the other part reflects the light; the quarter-wave plate converts the light in the first polarization state into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction (the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is transmitted to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer converts the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction into light in the second polarization state (the light in the second polarization state is transmitted to human eyes), so that the virtual image displayed by the image unit can be seen by the human eyes.
On the other hand, the polarization splitting film transforms the ambient light into light of a second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the first transflective element), the first transflective element partially reflects the light of the second polarization state, the other part transmits the light (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of a third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction is transmitted to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into the light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the human eye), so that the human eye sees a real scene image.
In yet another aspect, the first polarizer transforms the disturbing light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction propagates to the first transflective element), the first transflective element transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction propagates to the quarter-wave plate), and the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction into light of the first polarization state (the light of the first polarization state propagates to the first polarizer) and transmits to the first polarizer. Since the first polarizer does not transmit the light of the first polarization state, the interference light can be prevented from entering human eyes.
Based on the embodiment, when the virtual image and the real scene image both reach the eyes of a person, the user can see the superposed mixed image, so that the effect of augmented reality is achieved; since the disturbing light is reflected or absorbed by the first polarizer and cannot enter human eyes, the contrast of the mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the optical system includes: the image unit 1, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 2, the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 32, the quarter-wave plate 4 and the first polarizer 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the second light path, the second transflective element is used for partially transmitting the ambient light.
In the first light path, the second transflective element is used for partially reflecting the image light partially reflected by the first transflective element.
It will be appreciated that the present embodiment further defines the use of a second transflective element as a beam splitter with respect to the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1. Therefore, only the second transflective element is described here, and the functions of the other optical elements are not repeated, and similar parts can be referred to the related description in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1.
The following is a detailed description of the working principle of an optical system provided in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3:
on one hand, the display screen of the image unit emits image light, and the lens group of the image unit refracts the image light (the image light is transmitted to the first transflective element); the first transflective element partially transmits the image light (the partial image light propagates to the quarter-wave plate) and partially reflects the image light (the partial image light propagates to the second transflective element); the second transflective element partially transmits image light (image light propagates to the external environment) and partially reflects the image light (image light propagates to the first transflective element); the first half-reflecting and half-transmitting element partially transmits the image light (the image light is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and the other part reflects the image light; the quarter-wave plate transmits the image light (the image light propagates to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the image light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the human eye), so that the human eye sees the virtual image displayed by the image unit.
On the other hand, the second transflective element partially transmits ambient light (ambient light propagates to the first transflective element), and partially reflects ambient light (ambient light propagates to the external environment); the first transflective element partially reflects ambient light, partially transmits ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transmits the ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the ambient light into light of a second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to human eyes), so that the human eyes can see real scenery images.
In yet another aspect, the first polarizer transforms the disturbing light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction propagates to the first transflective element), the first transflective element transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction propagates to the quarter-wave plate), and the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction into light of the first polarization state (the light of the first polarization state propagates to the first polarizer) and then transmits to the first polarizer. Since the first polarizer does not transmit the light of the first polarization state, the interference light can be prevented from entering human eyes.
Based on the embodiment, when the virtual image and the real scene image both reach the eyes of a person, the user can see the superposed mixed image, so that the effect of augmented reality is achieved; since the disturbing light is reflected or absorbed by the first polarizer and cannot enter human eyes, the contrast of the mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the optical system includes: the image unit comprises an image unit 1, a first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 2, a second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 32, a quarter-wave plate 4, a first polarizer 5 and a second polarizer 6;
the image unit, the second polarizer and the first transflective element are sequentially arranged along a fourth light path, the second polarizer transmits the light in the first polarization state, and the fourth light path is a propagation path of image light which is transmitted or reflected by the image unit, the second polarizer and the first transflective element in sequence;
in the fourth light path, the image light emitted by the image unit is converted into light in the first polarization state by the second polarizer and is partially reflected by the first transflective element.
The second polarizer may be attached to the image unit or may be fixed to the image unit by a mechanical member, and a central axis of the second polarizer may coincide with a central axis of the image unit; the central axis of the second polarizer may form a first preset angle with the central axis of the first transflective element, and preferably, the first preset angle may be 45 °; the central axis of the second polarizer may form a second preset angle with the central axis of the beam splitter, and preferably, the second preset angle may be 90 °.
It is understood that the present embodiment further introduces a second polarizer with respect to the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1. Therefore, only the function of the second polarizer will be briefly described here, and the functions of other optical elements will not be repeated, and similar parts can be referred to the related description in the corresponding embodiment of fig. 1.
The working principle of an optical system provided by the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4 is described in detail as follows:
on one hand, the display screen of the image unit emits image light, and the lens group of the image unit refracts the image light (the image light is transmitted to the second polarizer); the second polaroid converts the image light into light in a first polarization state; the first transflective element partially transmits light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and the other part reflects the light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the second transflective element); the second transflective element reflects part of the light with the first polarization state (the light with the first polarization state propagates to the first transflective element), and transmits the other part (the light with the first polarization state propagates to the external environment); the first transflective element partially transmits light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and reflects the other part; the quarter-wave plate converts the light in the first polarization state into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction (the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is transmitted to the second polarizer); the second polarizer converts the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction into light in the second polarization state (the light in the second polarization state is transmitted to the human eye), so that the human eye sees the virtual image displayed by the image unit.
On the other hand, the second transflective element partially transmits ambient light (ambient light propagates to the first transflective element), and partially reflects ambient light (ambient light propagates to the external environment); the first transflective element partially reflects ambient light, partially transmits ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transmits the ambient light (the ambient light propagates to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the ambient light into light of a second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to human eyes), so that the human eyes can see real scenery images.
In yet another aspect, the first polarizer transforms the disturbing light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction propagates to the first transflective element), the first transflective element transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction propagates to the quarter-wave plate), and the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction into light of the first polarization state (the light of the first polarization state propagates to the first polarizer) and then transmits to the first polarizer. Since the first polarizer does not transmit the light of the first polarization state, the interference light can be prevented from entering human eyes.
Based on the embodiment, when the virtual image and the real scene image both reach the eyes of a person, the user can see the superposed mixed image, so that the effect of augmented reality is achieved; since the disturbing light is reflected or absorbed by the first polarizer and cannot enter human eyes, the contrast of the mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system according to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the optical system includes: the image unit 1, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element 2, the polarization beam splitting film 31, the quarter-wave plate 4, the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6, and the working principle of the optical system is as follows:
on one hand, the display screen of the image unit emits image light, and the lens group of the image unit refracts the image light (the image light is transmitted to the second polarizer); the second polaroid converts the image light into light in a first polarization state; the first transflective element partially transmits light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and partially reflects the light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the polarization splitting film); because the polarization beam splitting film reflects the light in the first polarization state and transmits the light in the second polarization state, and the incident light of the polarization beam splitting film only has the light in the first polarization state, the polarization beam splitting film only reflects the light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the first transflective element), and does not transmit any light, so the image light cannot be emitted into the external environment; the first transflective element partially transmits light in the first polarization state (the light in the first polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), and reflects the other part; the quarter-wave plate transforms the first linearly polarized light into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction (the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is transmitted to the first polarizer); the first polarizer converts the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction into light in the second polarization state (the light in the second polarization state is transmitted to human eyes), so that the human eyes can see the virtual image displayed by the image unit.
On the other hand, the polarization splitting film transforms the ambient light into light of a second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the first transflective element), the first transflective element partially reflects the light of the second polarization state, the other part transmits the light (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of a third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction is transmitted to the first polarizer), and the first polarizer transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into the light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state is transmitted to the human eye), so that the human eye sees a real scene image.
In yet another aspect, the first polarizer transforms the disturbing light into light of the second polarization state (the light of the second polarization state propagates to the quarter-wave plate), the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the second polarization state into light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction propagates to the first transflective element), the first transflective element transforms the light of the third polarization state of the first rotation direction into light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction (the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction propagates to the quarter-wave plate), and the quarter-wave plate transforms the light of the third polarization state of the second rotation direction into light of the first polarization state (the light of the first polarization state propagates to the first polarizer) and then transmits to the first polarizer. Since the first polarizer does not transmit the light of the first polarization state, the interference light can be prevented from entering human eyes.
Based on the embodiment, when the virtual image and the real scene image both reach the eyes of a person, the user can see the superposed mixed image, so that the effect of augmented reality is achieved; because the interference light is reflected or absorbed by the first polarizer and cannot enter human eyes, the contrast of a mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved; since the polarization splitting film does not transmit the image light to the external environment, the privacy of the user can be ensured.
An embodiment of the utility model also provides an augmented reality equipment, augmented reality equipment includes display device and any one of the above-mentioned embodiment optical system, display device is used for receiving light that optical system sent generates the projection image. The optical system utilizes the polarization principle of light, and realizes the polarization principle by adding a polarizer, a polarization beam splitting film, a wave plate and the like in the optical system; when the virtual image and the real scenery image reach the eyes, the user can see the superposed mixed image, thereby achieving the effect of augmented reality; since the disturbing light is not transmitted by the polarizer and does not enter the human eye, the contrast of the mixed image formed by the optical system can be improved.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or the portions contributing to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a plurality of instructions for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical system, comprising: image element, first half anti-partial transmission component, beam splitter, quarter wave plate and first polaroid, wherein:
the image unit, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, the beam splitter, the quarter wave plate and the first polarizer are sequentially arranged along a first light path, and the first polarizer transmits light in a second polarization state;
in the first optical path, image light rays are emitted by the image unit, are partially reflected by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, are reflected by the beam splitter, are partially transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, are transmitted by the quarter wave plate, are converted into light in a second polarization state by the first polarizer and then are transmitted;
the first polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element are sequentially arranged along a second light path, and the first polarizer does not transmit light in a first polarization state;
in the second optical path, the interference light is converted into light in a second polarization state through the first polarizer, the light in the second polarization state is converted into light in a third polarization state in a first rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate, the light in the third polarization state in the first rotation direction is converted into light in the third polarization state in a second rotation direction through the first transflective element, and the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is converted into light in the first polarization state through the quarter-wave plate and then is transmitted to the first polarizer;
wherein the polarization directions of the first polarization state light and the second polarization state light are orthogonal, and the third polarization state light is synthesized by the first polarization state light and the second polarization state light.
2. The optical system according to claim 1,
the beam splitter, the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, the quarter wave plate and the first polarizer are sequentially arranged along a third light path;
in the third light path, the ambient light is transmitted by the beam splitter, partially transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element, transmitted by the quarter-wave plate, and converted into the light of the second polarization state by the first polarizer and transmitted.
3. The optical system of claim 2, wherein the beam splitter is a polarizing beam splitting film;
the polarization light splitting film is used for converting the ambient light into light in the second polarization state and transmitting the light;
the light in the second polarization state is transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part in sequence, is converted into light in a third polarization state in the first rotating direction through the quarter-wave plate, and is converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer and transmitted.
4. The optical system according to claim 3,
the polarization light splitting film is used for converting the image light rays reflected by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part into light in the first polarization state and reflecting the light;
the light in the first polarization state is transmitted by the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element part in sequence, is converted into light in a third polarization state in the second rotation direction through the quarter-wave plate and is transmitted, and the light in the third polarization state in the second rotation direction is converted into light in the second polarization state through the first polarizer and is transmitted.
5. The optical system of claim 2, wherein the beam splitter is a second transflective element;
the second semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element is used for partially transmitting the ambient light.
6. The optical system according to claim 5,
the second transflective element is used for partially reflecting the image light partially reflected by the first transflective element.
7. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the optical system further comprises: a second polarizer;
the image unit, the second polarizer and the first semi-reflecting and semi-transmitting element are sequentially arranged along a fourth light path, and the second polarizer transmits the light in the first polarization state;
in the fourth optical path, the image light emitted by the image unit is converted into light in the first polarization state through the second polarizer in turn, and is partially reflected by the first transflective element.
8. The optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the image unit comprises a display screen;
the display screen is used for emitting the image light.
9. The optical system of claim 8, wherein the image unit further comprises a lens group comprising at least one lens;
and the lens group is used for refracting the image light emitted by the display screen.
10. An augmented reality device, comprising: a display device and an optical system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;
the display device is used for receiving the light rays sent by the optical system and generating a projection image.
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| CN111308716A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 优奈柯恩(北京)科技有限公司 | Optical system and augmented reality device |
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