CN211505941U - Spherical aberration eliminating continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system based on PDMS substrate - Google Patents
Spherical aberration eliminating continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system based on PDMS substrate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an optical system zooms, concretely relates to miniature liquid core column lens system zooms in succession in aplanatism based on PDMS substrate comprises capillary and the biconvex column lens of burying miniature PDMS substrate. When glycerol aqueous solutions with different concentrations and refractive indexes of 1.3330-1.4730 are injected into the capillary tube, the focal length of the optical system isf8.928 can be realizedmm～2.675mmAnd the diffuse speckle root mean square radius size of the optical system on the focal plane is always less than 5.0 in the whole zooming rangeμm(ii) a When the focal length is 8.928mm～3.118mmIn the interval, the peak-valley wavefront aberration is less than lambda/4, and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit. The utility model has the advantages of small volume and convenient operationConvenient operation, good stability and high imaging quality.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to zoom optical system, concretely relates to spherical aberration elimination zoom liquid core column lens system in succession.
Background
The solid zoom device is gradually difficult to adapt to the requirements of optical devices such as miniaturization, integrated optical communication, optical imaging and Lab-On-a-Chip, and the liquid-filled variable focus lens has the advantages of various adjusting modes, large focal length change and the like, and becomes a research hotspot in recent years. Considering the imaging quality of the lens, besides the zoom range of the lens system, the spherical aberration is an important factor influencing the imaging quality of the liquid zoom lens under the irradiation of monochromatic light. In order to achieve the goal of eliminating spherical aberration, Mishra et al remoulds a quasi-spherical optical interface into an aspheric interface by applying electrostatic force, needs additional electromotive force, and has a complex structure and difficult operation. Fuh et al use two layers of PVC films of different thickness to compensate for spherical aberration, and the method has a wide tuning range but limited spherical aberration correction effect.
PDMS is polydimethylsiloxane (hereinafter abbreviated as polydimethysiloxane) which is a transparent organic polymer material including a host and a hardener, and can be used to manufacture a solid transparent PDMS substrate. In order to provide "lab-on-a-chip" as an optical imaging element, a group of utility model people in 2013 manufactured a variable-focus micro cylindrical lens using PDMS as a substrate, and thus published "a variable-focus cylindrical lens based on a PDMS substrate" (chinese optics, volume 6, phase 3, p368-369, month 3 in 2013). The cylindrical lens mainly comprises a glass capillary tube embedded in a PDMS substrate, and the zooming function is realized by selecting the refractive index of liquid in the capillary tube. When the refractive index of the liquid is 1.4518-1.5502, the focal length of the cylindrical lens can be reduced from 21.369mm to 3.362mm, and the zoom magnification reaches 6.4 times. A light ray trajectory diagram of parallel light after passing through the variable-focus cylindrical lens is observed and shot by a scattered light imaging method, the diagram is consistent with the result of simulation imaging process of ZEMAX optical design software, a focal length formula of the cylindrical lens is deduced by a Gaussian optical successive imaging method, and the calculation result of the focal length is consistent with the experiment and simulation result, so that an important optical imaging element is provided for a laboratory on a chip. However, the cylindrical lens is used for realizing a zooming function, and does not take the aplanatic aberration into the design content, so that the imaging quality of the liquid zoom lens under the irradiation of monochromatic light is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problem, the utility model aims at providing a because PDMS substrate includes capillary and biconvex lens compact structure and fills in the less spherical aberration of disappearing of the liquid refracting index of capillary miniature liquid core column lens system that zooms in succession, this system can reach the continuous smooth change of lens system focus, and has good spherical aberration of disappearing effect in whole zoom scope.
The above object is achieved by:
the utility model relates to a miniature liquid core column lens system of continuous zooming of aplanatic based on PDMS substrate
The cylindrical lens system includes:
A) a micro PDMS substrate;
B) a slit diaphragm adhered to the left side surface of the PDMS substrate;
C) a capillary tube and a biconvex cylinder lens embedded in the PDMS substrate along the right side of the slit diaphragm, and
the rear wall of the capillary tube is closely connected with the front surface of the biconvex cylindrical lens,
and glycerol aqueous solutions with different concentrations are injected into the capillary to form a liquid core.
Further, the continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system is as follows:
the PDMS substrate is a cuboid with the size of 5.0mm multiplied by 2.0 mm;
the width of the slit diaphragm on the left side surface of the PDMS substrate is 0.7 mm;
the outer radius R of the wall of the capillary tube is 1.00mm, the inner radius R is 0.70mm, the height h is 2.0mm, the capillary tube is made of K9 glass, and the distance between the front wall of the capillary tube and the front wall of PDMS is 0.3 mm;
the double convex column lens is made of F2 glass, and the curvature radiuses of the front and back surfaces are R respectivelyProjection 1＝1.40mm，RConvex 2The thickness is 1.1mm, the height h is 2.0mm, the front surface of the biconvex cylindrical lens is closely connected with the rear wall of the capillary, and the distance between the rear surface and the rear wall of the PDMS is 1.6 mm;
the liquid consumption of the glycerol aqueous solution injected into the capillary is 3 mu L.
Further, the continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system is as follows:
when the concentration of the glycerol aqueous solution is 0-1, the corresponding refractive index is 1.3330-1.4730, the focal length f of the lens system can realize continuous and smooth change of 8.928 mm-2.675 mm, and the zoom ratio is more than 3.
Further, the continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system is as follows:
the diffuse speckle root-mean-square radius size on the system focal plane is less than 5 μm in the whole zoom range; when the focal length is in the range of 3.118 mm-8.928 mm, the peak-valley wavefront difference is less than lambda/4, and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit.
(II) the aplanatic zooming capability and quality of the cylindrical lens system of the present invention
The focal length f recursion formula of the lens system can be deduced according to Gaussian optics:
S2＝∞ (1c)
si+1＝s′i-di(i＝2，3，…，7) (1d)
ui+1＝u′i(i＝2，3，…，7)(1f)
u′2＝u2+i2-i′2(1g)
(1 a-1 h) wherein D represents the clear aperture diameter, si、s′iRespectively represent the object-side intercept and the image-side intercept of the ith cylinder, ui、u′iRespectively representing the object space aperture angle and the image space aperture angle i of the ith optical curved surface2、i′2Respectively represent the 2 nd opticalAngle of incidence and angle of refraction of the curved surface.
When glycerol aqueous solution with different concentrations is injected into the capillary to form a liquid core, the refractive index n of the liquid coreLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionConcentration C with Glycerol solutionLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionOne-to-one correspondence, nLiquid for treating urinary tract infection＝g(CLiquid for treating urinary tract infection). The focal lengths f and n of the lens system according to the formulas (1 a-1 h)Liquid for treating urinary tract infection＝n4There is also a one-to-one correspondence between, i.e., focal length f and concentration CLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionIs a complex function. Thus, varying the concentration of the glycerol aqueous solution injected into the capillary tube, a continuous change in focal length of the lens system under aplanatic conditions can be achieved, expressed as the following ability:
(1) the zoom power of the lens system of the present invention
The refractive index of pure water is 1.3330, the refractive index of glycerol is 1.4730, and glycerol and water can be mutually dissolved in any proportion, so that the refractive index of glycerol aqueous solution can be continuously changed between 1.3330-1.4730, and the focal length of the lens system can be continuously and smoothly changed between 8.928 mm-2.675 mm according to the formula (1 a-1 h). Table 1 shows the different liquid core refractive indices n of the lens systemsLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionThe corresponding focal length f, fig. 10 corresponds to table 1, reflecting the zoom capability of the lens system.
TABLE 1 correspondence between focal length of lens system and refractive index of liquid core
(2) The imaging quality analysis of the lens system of the utility model
To illustrate the imaging quality of the lens system, we simulated the lens system with ZEMAX software to obtain the focal plane diffuse spot root mean square Radius (RMS) and peak-valley wavefront aberration value (MWA) corresponding to the lens system at different liquid core refractive indexes and different focal lengths, and calculated the corresponding airy disk radius size by the formula 1.22 λ f/D, as listed in table 2, fig. 11 and fig. 12. Table 2, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12 all show that when n is presentLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionWhen the focal length f of the lens system is continuously changed from 8.928mm to 2.675mm from 1.3330 to 1.4730, the imaging system is positioned on a focal plane in the whole zoom rangeThe diffuse speckle root mean square Radius (RMS) size is always less than 5.0 μm; when the focal length f is in the interval of 3.000 mm-8.928 mm, the diffuse speckle root mean square Radius (RMS) of the imaging system on the focal plane is smaller than the corresponding Airy spot radius; when the focal length f is in the interval of 3.118 mm-8.928 mm, the peak-valley wavefront aberration (MWA) is less than lambda/4, and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit. Table 2 and fig. 11 and fig. 12 show that the aplanatic continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system based on the PDMS substrate of the present invention has an imaging quality close to the diffraction limit in the zooming range larger than 90%.
TABLE 2 RMS and MWA values for the focal length of the lens system over the entire zoom range
Compared with the related documents before, the cylindrical lens system designed by the utility model has the technical characteristics that the cylindrical lens system has the following positive effects:
1. the system is embedded in the PDMS substrate only by a single capillary tube without a biconvex cylindrical lens and a slit diaphragm, and the biconvex cylindrical lens and the slit diaphragm are embedded in the PDMS substrate simultaneously, so that the light-gathering capacity of the cylindrical lens system is enhanced by the biconvex cylindrical lens and the slit diaphragm;
2. using common glycerin solution with high permeability, low liquid refractive index, no toxicity, and increased liquid refractive index n when the concentration of the glycerin solution injected into the liquid core of the cylindrical lens system is increased from 0 to 1Liquid for treating urinary tract infectionFrom 1.3330 to 1.4730, the cylindrical lens system can realize continuous and smooth change of the focal length from 8.928mm to 2.657mm, and the zoom ratio is more than 3;
3. the aplanatism is brought into the design content, the root mean square radius of a diffuse spot of a lens system on a focal plane is always smaller than 5 mu m in the whole liquid zooming range, when the focal length is in the range of 3.118 mm-8.928 mm, the peak-valley wavefront aberration is smaller than lambda/4, the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit, a good zooming function can be achieved, and the aplanatism achieves a good effect;
4. the liquid core liquid consumption of the column lens system is only 3 mu L;
5. the whole size is small, 5.0mm multiplied by 2.0mm, and the integration is convenient to realize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a continuous-zoom micro liquid-core column lens system according to the present invention. The liquid core is formed by a capillary tube and a biconvex cylindrical lens which are embedded in a PDMS substrate, and comprises eight optical curved surfaces, wherein liquid can be injected into the capillary tube to form the liquid core.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first and second refraction principles of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the third refraction principle of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth refraction principle of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a fifth refraction principle diagram of the continuous-zoom micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sixth refraction principle diagram of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the seventh refraction principle of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the eighth refraction principle of the continuous zooming micro liquid-core column lens system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a ray trace of parallel light through a lens system injected with different concentrations of glycerol aqueous solution simulated by ZEMAX optical design software. FIGS. 9(a) to 9(d) are each nLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionThe corresponding focal lengths of the simulated images are respectively 8.928mm, 6.817mm, 4.445mm and 2.675mm when the simulated images are 1.3330, 1.3500, 1.3900 and 1.4730.
FIG. 10 shows the focal length f of a lens system as a function of the refractive index n of an aqueous glycerol solutionLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionThe change curve of (2).
FIG. 11 is a graph of root mean square Radius (RMS) and Airy spot radius of a defocused spot on the focal plane of a lens system as a function of lensThe variation curve of the system focal length f. Wherein, dot line graph
Represents the RMS versus focal length f of the lens system, and the solid line represents the airy disk radius versus focal length f of the lens system.
Fig. 12 is a graph of peak-to-valley wavefront aberration (MWA) with focal length f at the focal plane of the lens system. Wherein, dot line graph
Represents the curve of MWA as a function of focal length, and the lambda/4 value is indicated by the solid line-indicated.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The present invention includes the following embodiments, but obvious modifications to the embodiments and additions and changes to the conventional techniques shall also belong to the scope of the present invention.
Detailed Description
(I) the physical structure and parameters of the lens system of the present invention
As shown in fig. 1, the lens system of the present invention comprises a capillary tube and a biconvex cylindrical lens embedded in a PDMS substrate: the capillary tube wall is made of K9 glass and comprises four cylindrical optical curved surfaces, and liquid can be injected into the middle cylindrical cavity to form a liquid core; the double-convex-column lens is made of F2 glass and comprises two cylindrical optical curved surfaces for weakening the spherical aberration of the lens system; the PDMS substrate is a cuboid substrate and comprises a front plane and a rear plane which play a refraction role; a slit diaphragm with the width of 0.7mm is adhered to the front wall of the PDMS substrate.
The utility model discloses the lens system includes 8 optics curved surfaces altogether, and its parameter is:
the curvature radiuses of the eight optical curved surfaces are R respectively1＝R8＝∞，R2＝-R5＝R＝1.00mm，R3＝-R4＝r＝0.70mm，R6＝RProjection 1＝1.40mm，R7＝RConvex 2＝-1.10mm；
The interval between adjacent optical curved surfaces is d1＝d2＝d4＝0.3mm，d3＝1.4mm，d5＝0，d6＝1.1mm，d7＝1.6mm；
PDMS substrates are placed in air, i.e. n1＝n′81 is ═ 1; the capillary tube and the biconvex cylinder lens are embedded in the PDMS substrate, then n2(n′1)＝n6(n′5)＝n8(n′7)＝nPDMS1.4115; the capillary material is K9 glass, n3(n′2)＝n5(n′4)＝nK91.5168; the refractive index of the liquid core is determined by the concentration of the injected glycerol aqueous solution, n4(n′3)＝nLiquid for treating urinary tract infection(ii) a The convex lens material is F2 glass, n7(n′6)＝nF2＝1.62004；
The PDMS substrate is a cuboid with the size of 5.0mm × 2.0.0 mm × 2.0.0 mm, and the half width of the first, second, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth optical curved surfaces is h11.0mm, and half width of the second and third optical curved surfaces is h20.7 mm. The height h of the capillary tube and the height h of the biconvex column lens are both 2.0mm, the diameter of the clear aperture is determined by the width of the slit diaphragm, and D is 0.7 mm.
(II) the zoom power of the spherical aberration elimination of the lens system of the utility model
The focal length f recursion formula of the lens system can be deduced according to Gaussian optics:
s2＝∞ (1c)
si+1＝s′i-di(i＝2，3，…，7) (1d)
ui+1＝u′i(i＝2，3，…，7) (1f)
u′2＝u2+i2-i′2(1g)
(1 a-1 h) wherein D represents the clear aperture diameter, si、s′iRespectively represent the object-side intercept and the image-side intercept of the ith cylinder, ui、u′iRespectively representing the object space aperture angle and the image space aperture angle i of the ith optical curved surface2、i′2The incident angle and the refraction angle respectively representing the 2 nd optical curved surface can be seen from the formulas (1 a-1 h), and the concentration C of the glycerol solutionLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionRefractive index n with liquid coreLiquid for treating urinary tract infection(nLiquid for treating urinary tract infection＝n4) One-to-one correspondence, nLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionCorresponding to the focal length f of the lens system, CLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionAnd focal length f is a complex function of incident mapping by changing refractive index n of liquid core in capillaryLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionContinuous variation of the focal length of the aspherical aberration of the lens system can be realized.
Fig. 9 is a ray trace of parallel light through a lens system injected with different concentrations of glycerol aqueous solution simulated by ZEMAX optical design software. The refractive index of pure water is 1.3330, the refractive index of analytically pure glycerol is 1.4730, and glycerol and water can be mutually soluble in any proportion, so that n can be realized by changing the concentration of glycerol aqueous solutionLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionA continuous variation from 1.3330 to 1.4730. FIGS. 9(a) to 9(d) are each nLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionThe corresponding focal lengths of the simulated images are respectively 8.928mm, 6.817mm, 4.445mm and 2.675mm when the simulated images are 1.3330, 1.3500, 1.3900 and 1.4730.
FIG. 10 shows the focal length f of a lens system as a function of the refractive index n of an aqueous glycerol solutionLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionThe change curve of (2). When the liquid core of the lens system is injected with liquid with refractive index nLiquid for treating urinary tract infectionFrom 1.3330 to 1.4730, a continuous change in f from 8.928mm to 2.675mm was achieved, achieving a ratio of greater than 3: 1, and the whole focal length change process is smooth. Fig. 9 and 10 visually reflect the zooming capability of the lens system of the present invention.
(III) the imaging quality of the lens system of the utility model
For a zoom lens system irradiated by monochromatic parallel light, spherical aberration is a main factor influencing the imaging quality of the zoom lens system, and the curvature radius, the thickness and the glass material of each optical curved surface of a slit diaphragm, a capillary tube and a biconvex cylindrical lens are reasonably designed, so that the spherical aberration of the lens system in the whole zoom range can be limited. The imaging effect of the lens system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 11 and 12.
FIG. 11 is a plot of root mean square Radius (RMS) and Airy spot radius of a defocused spot at the focal plane of a lens system as a function of focal length f of the lens system. Wherein, dot line graph
Represents the RMS versus focal length f of the lens system, and the solid line represents the airy disk radius versus focal length f of the lens system. The root mean square Radius (RMS) of the diffuse spots on the focal plane of the lens system changes along with the change of the focal length of the system, and the changes are obtained by performing ray tracing simulation one by ZEMAX optical design software, and the radius size of the Airy spots is calculated by a formula 1.22 lambda x f/D. When the root mean square Radius (RMS) of the diffuse spot is smaller than the airy disk radius, it can be considered that the imaging quality is better, approaching the diffraction limit. As can be seen from fig. 11, when the focal length of the lens system is greater than 3mm, the root mean square Radius (RMS) of the diffuse spot of the lens system on the focal plane is smaller than the airy spot radius, and the root mean square Radius (RMS) of the diffuse spot of the lens system on the focal plane is always smaller than 5 μm throughout the entire zoom range.
Fig. 12 is a graph of peak-to-valley wavefront aberration (MWA) with focal length f at the focal plane of the lens system. Wherein, dot line graph
Representing the curve of MWA as a function of focal length f, the lambda/4 value is indicated by the solid line-indicated. The peak-valley wavefront aberration (MWA) of the lens system on the focal plane at different focal lengths is simulated one by ZEMAX optical design software. According to the Rayleigh criterion, when the peak-valley wavefront aberration of the optical system is less than or equal to lambda/4, the imaging quality of the system is not obviously different from that of an ideal system. ByAs can be seen in fig. 12, when the focal length of the lens system is greater than 3.118mm, the peak-to-valley wavefront aberration of the lens system at the focal plane is less than λ/4.
Fig. 11 and 12 intuitively reflect that the lens system maintains high imaging quality in a zoom range larger than 90% and approaches the diffraction limit, whether judged according to the diffuse spot radius size or according to the rayleigh criterion.
The structural form and the use of the above-mentioned aplanatic continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system based on the PDMS substrate all fall into the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. An aplanatic continuous zooming micro liquid core column lens system based on a PDMS substrate comprises:
A) a micro PDMS substrate;
the method is characterized in that:
B) a slit diaphragm adhered to the left side surface of the PDMS substrate;
C) a capillary tube and a biconvex cylinder lens embedded in the PDMS substrate along the right side of the slit diaphragm, and
the rear wall of the capillary tube is in close contact with the front surface of the biconvex cylindrical lens,
and glycerol aqueous solutions with different concentrations are injected into the capillary to form a liquid core.
2. The micro fluidic stem lens system of claim 1, wherein:
the PDMS substrate is a cuboid with the size of 5.0mm×2.0mm×2.0mm；
The width of the slit diaphragm on the left side surface of the PDMS substrate is 0.7mm；
The outer radius of the wall of the capillary tubeRIs 1.00mmInner radius ofrIs 0.70mmHeight ofhIs 2.0mmMade of K9 glass, the distance between the front wall of the capillary and the front wall of PDMS is 0.3mm；
The double convex column lens is made of F2 glass, and the curvature radiuses of the front and back surfaces are respectivelyR Projection 1= 1.40mm，R Convex 2= -1.10mmThickness of 1.1mmHeight ofhIs 2.0mmThe front surface of the biconvex cylindrical lens is closely connected with the back wall of the capillary tube, and the distance between the back surface and the back wall of the PDMS is 1.6mm；
The liquid consumption of the glycerol aqueous solution injected into the capillary is 3μL。
3. The micro liquid core column lens system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: when the concentration of the glycerol aqueous solution is 0-1, the corresponding refractive index is 1.3330-1.4730, and the focal length of the lens systemf8.928 can be realizedmm～2.675mmIs continuously and smoothly changed, and the zoom ratio is more than 3.
4. The micro liquid core column lens system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root mean square radius of the diffuse spot on the focal plane formed by the micro liquid core column lens system is less than 5 in the whole zoom rangeμm(ii) a When the focal length is 3.118mm～8.928mmIn the interval, the peak-valley wavefront difference is less than lambda/4, and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit.
5. The micro liquid core column lens system according to claim 3, wherein the root mean square radius of the diffuse spot on the focal plane formed by the micro liquid core column lens system is less than 5 in the whole zoom rangeμm(ii) a When the focal length is 3.118mm～8.928mmIn the interval, the peak-valley wavefront difference is less than lambda/4, and the imaging quality is close to the diffraction limit.
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