CN211503991U - Hall type position sensor - Google Patents
Hall type position sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN211503991U CN211503991U CN202020498374.1U CN202020498374U CN211503991U CN 211503991 U CN211503991 U CN 211503991U CN 202020498374 U CN202020498374 U CN 202020498374U CN 211503991 U CN211503991 U CN 211503991U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hall formula position sensor, including PCB board and signal magnet steel, PCB board and signal magnet steel axial are arranged and have the clearance between, be fixed with two hall chips that are 90 degrees electric angle distributions on the PCB board, the signal magnet steel comprises the fan-shaped magnetic domain of even number, two hall chip detection signal magnet steel's magnetic field change is inequality. The utility model has the advantages of control accuracy is high, can eliminate the error of introducing in the signal sampling process to the cost of manufacture is low.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hall formula position sensor field.
Background
The traditional Hall type encoder is composed of a double-track magnetic ring and a Hall chip signal detection device, wherein an inner ring track of the magnetic ring is magnetized according to the number of corresponding motor pole pairs, a rotor magnetic pole signal of a motor is generated by detecting a magnetic field through the Hall chip, a magnetic ring of an outer ring track is magnetized according to the number of the multiple-increased magnetic pole pairs, and a subdivided rotor magnetic pole position signal of the motor is generated by detecting the magnetic field through the Hall chip, so that the effect of the traditional photoelectric encoder is realized; or the signal magnetic steel is composed of a signal magnetic steel and two switch-type Hall elements, the magnetic poles on the signal magnetic steel are 1 pair of poles or a plurality of pairs of poles, and the two Hall elements are distributed in a 90-degree electrical angle in space. The positive and negative rotation directions of the motor and the number of rotating turns of the motor are judged through the counting and logic processes of the Hall waveforms in the rotating process, so that the judgment of the position and the rotation of the rotor is realized.
As shown in fig. 7, the magnetic poles on the signal magnetic steel are N, S poles distributed uniformly in space, and the hall chips 1 and 2 are distributed in 90 electrical angle. When the sensor is used, the magnetic steel and the PCBA are arranged as shown in figure 1, when the magnetic steel rotates, the magnetic field also rotates along with the magnetic steel, and the Hall chip is switched on or switched off along with the alternating change of the magnetic field, so that a position signal of the motor is generated.
With the continuous development of electric, intelligent and control technologies, the requirement on the control precision is higher and higher, so that higher requirements are put forward on the sensor. How to eliminate the error introduced in the signal sampling process and how to achieve the requirement with the lowest cost is a new challenge currently facing.
There are two problems with conventional hall sensor solutions:
(1) the number of calculation turns can only be calculated indirectly by calculating pulses, and cannot be directly counted;
(2) because of the interference signal during the signal transmission, the ECU may have a multi-count or under-count condition during the signal counting process, in which case, if there is no calibration signal for one turn, the position signal will have accumulated error.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that realize a hall formula position sensor structure that the error is little, the precision is high.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: the utility model provides a hall formula position sensor, includes PCB board and signal magnet steel, PCB board and signal magnet steel axial are arranged and have the clearance between, be fixed with two hall chips that are 90 degrees electrical angle distributions on the PCB board, the signal magnet steel comprises fan-shaped magnetic domain of even number, and two hall chip detects the magnetic field change of signal magnet steel and is inequality.
The two Hall chips adopt different magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chips, one of the Hall chips is a low magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chip, and the other Hall chip is a high magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chip.
The magnetic flux density conduction thresholds of the two Hall chips are the same, one Hall chip is fixed on the front side of the PCB, and the other Hall chip is fixed on the back side of the PCB.
In the magnetic regions of the signal magnetic steel, the magnetism of only one magnetic region is stronger or weaker than that of other magnetic regions, and the magnetism of other magnetic regions is the same.
All the magnetic regions of the signal magnetic steel have the same magnetism, one magnetic region protrudes towards the PCB, and the gap between the magnetic region and the PCB is smaller than the gaps between the other magnetic regions and the PCB.
The utility model has the advantages of control accuracy is high, can eliminate the error of introducing in the signal sampling process to the cost of manufacture is low.
Drawings
The following brief descriptions of the contents expressed by each figure and the marks in the figures in the specification of the present invention are as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Hall position sensor according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a Hall position sensor according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Hall position sensor according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of signal magnetic steel in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of signal magnetic steel in embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of a Hall position sensor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art Hall position sensor;
the labels in the above figures are: 1. a Hall chip; 2. a PCB board; 3. signal magnetic steel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings is provided to explain the embodiments of the present invention in further detail, such as the shapes and structures of the components, the mutual positions and connection relationships among the components, the functions and working principles of the components, the manufacturing process, and the operation and use method, etc., so as to help those skilled in the art to understand the concept and technical solutions of the present invention more completely, accurately and deeply.
The Hall position sensor comprises a PCB, two Hall chips 1 and signal magnetic steel 3, and related peripheral circuits, wherein the magnetic circuit of the signal magnetic steel 3 is an axial magnetic circuit, the magnetic poles are multiples of 2, such as multiples of 2 including 4 poles, 6 poles, 8 poles, 10 poles and the like, and are alternately arranged by N, S poles, the signal magnetic steel 3 is uniformly distributed, the non-uniform distribution of a magnetic field is realized by the design of different magnetic materials or the structural design of the magnetic steel through the same magnetic steel, the two Hall chips 1 realize that one Hall chip 1 detects the change of an intensified magnetic field to generate a circle number signal by selecting different flux density conduction threshold Hall chips 1 or selecting different space distributions (the positive and negative arrangement of the PCB) of the same conduction threshold Hall chips 1, and the other Hall chip 1 detects the change of the magnetic field of the whole signal magnetic steel 3 to generate an.
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, two hall chips 1 are fixed on the same side of a PCB 2, the two hall chips 1 are spatially distributed at 90 degrees in electrical angle, one of the hall chips 1 is a low magnetic density conduction threshold hall chip 1, the other hall chip 1 is a high magnetic density conduction threshold hall chip, a signal magnetic steel 3 is composed of two magnetic materials, one magnetic material is strong in magnetism, one magnetic material is weak in magnetism, only one magnetic material is strong in magnetism, and the other magnetic poles are composed of the other magnetic material.
In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, two hall chips 1 are fixed on the same side of a PCB 2, the two hall chips 1 are spatially distributed at 90 degrees, one of the hall chips 1 is a hall chip 1 with a low magnetic flux density conduction threshold, the other hall chip 1 with a high magnetic flux density conduction threshold, and a signal magnetic steel 3 is made of a magnetic material, wherein one magnetic pole protrudes out of a plane for a certain distance, and the other magnetic poles are on the same plane.
In embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the low magnetic density conduction threshold hall chip 1 mechanism outputs a pulse waveform corresponding to the magnetic pole pair number every rotation, and the high magnetic density conduction threshold hall chip 1 mechanism outputs a pulse waveform every rotation.
The Hall position sensor can detect the speed, and the speed is directly detected by detecting the pulse waveform quantity of the Hall chip 1 with the low magnetic density conduction threshold.
The Hall position sensor can detect an absolute position, and the number of turns and the angle of rotation of the mechanism are judged by detecting the pulse waveform of the Hall chip 1 with the high magnetic density conduction threshold and the pulse waveform of the Hall chip 1 with the low magnetic density conduction threshold and the logical relation of the two waveforms in space.
The Hall position sensor can judge the positive and negative rotation, and the positive and negative rotation of the mechanism is judged through the logic relation of the waveforms output by the two Hall chips 1.
The Hall position sensor has a zero calibration function, and reduces the accumulated error of pulse counting by calibrating the zero through the pulse waveform of the Hall chip 1 with the high magnetic flux density conduction threshold.
The working principle of the Hall position sensor is as follows: in the aspect of magnetic field design, through the design of different air gaps or magnetic field strengths, the magnetic field strengths are non-uniformly distributed on the same working plane and can be strengthened in a certain area of the circumference; in the aspect of signal induction design, two switch type Hall sensors with different on and off thresholds are adopted as induction components, two Hall chips 1 are distributed in a 90-degree electrical angle mode in spatial distribution, the Hall chip 1 with the high switch threshold is conducted once when the signal magnetic steel 3 rotates for one circle, and a pulse is generated and used as a circle number signal of the sensor; the Hall chip 1 with the low switching threshold value generates pulses corresponding to the number of poles of the signal magnetic steel 3 when the signal magnetic steel 3 rotates for one circle, and the design scheme can reduce accumulated errors by counting the number of turns of one Hall chip 1 and checking zero once per turn; the rotating angle of the motor in one circle is detected through the other Hall chip 1, so that the accurate speed and position measurement of the motor is realized; the judgment of the positive and negative rotation of the motor is realized through the signal combination logic sequence generated by the two Hall chips 1.
The present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and various insubstantial improvements can be made without modification to the method and technical solution of the present invention, or the present invention can be directly applied to other occasions without modification, all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a hall formula position sensor, includes PCB board and signal magnet steel, PCB board and signal magnet steel axial arrangement have the clearance between and, be fixed with two hall chips that are 90 degrees electrical angle distributions on the PCB board, the signal magnet steel comprises fan-shaped magnetic domain of even number, its characterized in that: the magnetic field changes of the two Hall chip detection signal magnetic steels are different.
2. The hall position sensor of claim 1 wherein: the two Hall chips adopt different magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chips, one of the Hall chips is a low magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chip, and the other Hall chip is a high magnetic density conduction threshold Hall chip.
3. The hall position sensor of claim 1 wherein: the magnetic flux density conduction thresholds of the two Hall chips are the same, one Hall chip is fixed on the front side of the PCB, and the other Hall chip is fixed on the back side of the PCB.
4. Hall position sensor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the magnetic regions of the signal magnetic steel, the magnetism of only one magnetic region is stronger or weaker than that of other magnetic regions, and the magnetism of other magnetic regions is the same.
5. Hall position sensor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: all the magnetic regions of the signal magnetic steel have the same magnetism, one magnetic region protrudes towards the PCB, and the gap between the magnetic region and the PCB is smaller than the gaps between the other magnetic regions and the PCB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020498374.1U CN211503991U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Hall type position sensor |
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| CN202020498374.1U CN211503991U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Hall type position sensor |
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| CN211503991U true CN211503991U (en) | 2020-09-15 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113572312A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-29 | 上海大学 | Linear Hall angle and displacement integrated detection device and method based on homopolar permanent magnet birotor |
| CN113607194A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-05 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Magnetic encoder |
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2020
- 2020-04-07 CN CN202020498374.1U patent/CN211503991U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113572312A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-29 | 上海大学 | Linear Hall angle and displacement integrated detection device and method based on homopolar permanent magnet birotor |
| CN113607194A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-05 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Magnetic encoder |
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