CN211466475U - Threshing knife - Google Patents
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- CN211466475U CN211466475U CN201922290001.5U CN201922290001U CN211466475U CN 211466475 U CN211466475 U CN 211466475U CN 201922290001 U CN201922290001 U CN 201922290001U CN 211466475 U CN211466475 U CN 211466475U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a threshing cutter belongs to cutter technical field. The threshing cutter comprises a cutter body of the threshing cutter, two side faces and the top face of the middle upper portion of the cutter body are threshing working faces, four-pyramid-shaped working teeth are arranged on the threshing working faces, and the four-pyramid-shaped working teeth are distributed in an array mode. The threshing cutter of the utility model can set the shape structure parameters of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth according to the requirements of the tobacco threshing process, so that the working teeth on the threshing working surface reach better protruding height and proper sharp degree, and the tobacco tar can be effectively prevented from covering; the array parameter configuration of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth is reasonably utilized, and the threshing sheet type structure can be effectively optimized; the threshing cutter body has enough strength and toughness, and the quadrangular pyramid working teeth on the working surface have very high hardness, are not easy to wear and can keep the stability of the leaf tearing performance for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a threshing device for tobacco leaf processing belongs to cutter technical field, specifically discloses a threshing cutter.
Background
In threshing and redrying production in the tobacco industry, a threshing machine is adopted to tear and separate tobacco sheets and tobacco stems (leaf veins) in tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are dragged and torn in the process of passing through movable cutter teeth on a threshing roller of a high-speed rotating component in the threshing machine, movable cutter teeth on a fixed cutter row of a fixed component and a frame rail, so that the separation of the tobacco leaves and the tobacco stems is realized. The movable cutter teeth on the threshing roller and the fixed cutter teeth on the fixed cutter row are collectively called as threshing cutters, the threshing cutters are the primary components for performing the leaf tearing work, and two side faces and the top face of each threshing cutter are threshing working faces.
The working surface of the traditional threshing cutter is made by adopting a process of overlaying hard alloy particles, the threshing process is mainly completed by means of the effective dragging and tearing actions of the hard alloy particles distributed at multiple points on the threshing working surface on tobacco leaves, and the protrusion height and the sharpness of the hard alloy particles on the threshing working surface are key factors for determining the working effect of the threshing cutter. Although the hard alloy particles are not easy to wear, the hard alloy particles belong to brittle materials, the height of the protrusions on the base material is generally not higher than 1.5mm, in the threshing process, the working surface of the threshing knife bears the reaction force of tobacco leaves, the hard alloy particles can be broken or fall off, the height of the protrusions of the hard alloy particles is reduced, the quantity of the hard alloy particles is reduced, and the leaf tearing effect is attenuated. In addition, the adhesion and the covering of tobacco tar to the working surface during the threshing process can further cause the leaf tearing effect of the hard alloy particles to be weakened or even fail.
According to the new requirements of the tobacco shred and cigarette making process on the structure of the threshing and redrying leaf blade: the optimal range of the size of the tobacco flakes is 10-35 mm. When the size of the leaf is less than 10mm, the filling capacity of the tobacco shreds is sharply reduced; when the leaf size is more than 35mm, the filling capacity of the tobacco shreds is not obviously increased, and the efficiency of a cigarette making machine and the quality of cigarettes are influenced. But the actual situation is: the proportion of oversized leaves larger than 50mm multiplied by 50mm in the threshed leaves of the threshing and redrying production line is generally higher, and the requirement of the shredding and cigarette making process on further improving the proportion of medium-sized tobacco sheets is difficult to achieve.
The threshing roller and the frame fence are important components for controlling the structure of the torn leaves and the leaves, according to the conventional view point, the rotation speed of the threshing roller and the size of the frame fence are main factors influencing the structure of the leaves, and a plurality of technicians engaged in threshing and redrying also conduct a great deal of research and experiments to improve the problems and reduce the scale, but the effect is very little. The reason is as follows: 1. the rotating speed of the threshing roller is increased, so that the large slice rate can be reduced, and the crushing can be increased; 2. reducing the size of the rail also reduces the sheet yield and also increases scrap. For more than ten years, how to achieve the aim of 'reducing the size and keeping the middle energizer' is always a major technical subject which troubles the cigarette and threshing and redrying industry and needs to be solved urgently.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To solve the technical problems of the prior art, which are generally existed in the threshing machine, the applicant of the present invention proposes the following solutions:
to the technical problem that current threshing knife exists in the application, the utility model discloses an applicant discovers through many years' observation and verification that the retention of the protruding height of carbide granule on the threshing knife working face and cutting edge sharpness is unsatisfactory, is the important reason that leads to threshing machine to tear the leaf efficiency generally on the low side. The utility model provides a threshing knife and a manufacturing method thereof, namely the threshing knife which is manufactured by adopting high-chromium alloy steel as a base material and an integrated processing and forming process. The working surface of the leaf beating knife is integrally formed, the four-pyramid-shaped working teeth are distributed in an array mode, the protruding height and the sharp degree are controllable, and tobacco tar coverage can be effectively avoided. The threshing cutter body has enough strength and toughness, and the quadrangular pyramid working teeth on the working surface have very high hardness, are not easy to wear and can keep the stability of the leaf tearing performance for a long time.
Regarding how to improve the leaf tearing efficiency and how to reduce the proportion of the ultra-large blades, the conventional idea of solving the problems is generally to focus on the performance improvement space brought by improving the rotating speed of a beating roller or adjusting the size and the style of a frame rail, but few people pay attention to the essential mechanism of the leaf tearing process and improving a primary component, namely a leaf beating knife, for executing the leaf tearing work. Threshing knife when solving traditional threshing knife and tearing leaf effect low, the essential principle of leaf process is torn in rational application, moving the in-process that the sword drove the tobacco leaf and pass through stationary knife and fence at a high speed, utilize four pyramid shape work teeth when with tobacco leaf contact and relative motion, stab and cut the breach effect that many breachs that the tobacco leaf produced, follow-up pull and tear the in-process, the breach on the tobacco leaf further expands, and then promote the tobacco leaf and tear along main leaf vein cleavage, realize the petiole separation, tear along side leaf vein cleavage, realize the splitting of super large blade. The corresponding relation and the rule of the gap size and the leaf structure formed on the tobacco leaves by the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth can be summarized through process tests, so that the reasonable configuration range of the shape structure and the array parameters of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth is determined, the size control of the tobacco leaf tearing process is realized, and the threshing sheet type structure is optimally adjusted.
The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem and the technical scheme who adopts does:
the utility model provides a threshing cutter, includes threshing cutter's cutter body, and the both sides face of upper portion is the side working face of threshing for the side in the cutter body, is provided with four pyramid work teeth I on the working face of threshing for the side, and four pyramid work teeth I distributes according to the array, and the top surface of cutter body is the top surface working face of threshing for the top surface, is provided with four pyramid work teeth II on the working face of threshing for the top surface, and four pyramid work teeth II distributes according to the array.
The center axis of the cutter body of the threshing cutter is provided with a pin shaft hole and a safety pin hole of the threshing cutter, the distance between the circle center of the pin shaft hole and the bottom of the cutter body is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body, the safety pin hole is positioned right above the pin shaft hole, and the distance between the circle center of the safety pin hole and the circle center of the pin shaft hole is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body.
The length of the threshing working surface on the side surface of the threshing cutter is 1/2-3/5 of the total length of the cutter body of the threshing cutter.
The included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth I on the threshing working surface of the side surface of the threshing cutter ranges from 25 to 35 degrees, the root parts of the working teeth and the forming line segments at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom ranges from 2.5 to 5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working face is longitudinal in array, the range of the distance is 4-30 mm, the thickness direction of the side threshing working face is transverse in array, and the range of the distance is 4-5.5 mm.
The included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth II on the threshing working surface of the top surface of the threshing cutter ranges from 35 to 40 degrees, the root parts of the working teeth and the forming line segments at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line of the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom ranges from 2.5 to 4 mm; the width direction of the top surface threshing working face is longitudinal in array, the range of the distance is 4-15 mm, the thickness direction of the top surface threshing working face is transverse in array, and the range of the distance is 4-5.5 mm.
The four-pyramid working tooth I on the threshing working surface of the side surface of the threshing cutter and the four-pyramid working tooth II on the threshing working surface of the top surface are integrally formed with the cutter body.
The blade body of the threshing cutter is made of high-chromium alloy steel materials.
The manufacturing method of the threshing knife comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting a high-chromium alloy steel plate with the thickness larger than the preset forming thickness of the leaf beating knife;
(2) lofting and blanking according to the plane outline of a preset leaf beating knife, prefabricating a pin shaft hole and a bottom hole of a safety pin hole on a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate, wherein the diameter of the bottom hole is required to be smaller than the final forming diameter of the corresponding pin shaft hole and the corresponding safety pin hole, and arranging the plane outlines of a plurality of leaf beating knives on one high-chromium alloy steel blank plate;
(3) carrying out heat treatment of quenching and high-temperature tempering on the prefabricated high-chromium alloy steel blank plate to reach a preset hardness value;
(4) carrying out plane grinding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the high-chromium alloy steel blank plate after heat treatment to enable the upper surface and the lower surface to reach a preset thickness size;
(5) on a numerical control spark wire cutting machine, positioning and fixing a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate by taking a ground plane, a prefabricated pin shaft hole and a safety pin hole as processing references; according to the linear track of the plane outline of the threshing cutter, carrying out linear cutting forming on the pin shaft hole, the safety pin hole and the plane outline of the cutter body; orthogonal wire cut electrical discharge machining is respectively carried out on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face according to the profile linear tracks of the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in the thickness direction, and the wire cut electrical discharge machining forming of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth distributed on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in an array mode is completed;
(6) and nitriding the formed workpiece to form a nitrided wear-resistant layer on the surface of the threshing cutter, thus obtaining the threshing cutter.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model discloses an integrated into one piece takes shape on the threshing cutter working face, is array distribution's four pyramid shape working teeth, compares with the carbide particulate matter that adopts build-up welding technology to make on the threshing cutter working face in the past, has the advantage that can not drop, is difficult for breaking, and the working tooth can reach better protruding height and suitable sharp degree, can effectively avoid the cover of tobacco tar, improves the threshing performance of threshing cutter working face comprehensively;
(2) the threshing cutter of the utility model has enough strength and toughness and very high surface hardness after reasonable heat treatment and surface strengthening, the quadrangular pyramid shaped working teeth integrally formed on the working surface are not easy to wear, the proper sharpness can be kept for a long time, and the stability of the leaf tearing performance is ensured;
(3) the utility model reasonably utilizes the essence principle of the leaf tearing process, and punctures and lacerates the notch effect formed by the tobacco leaves when the movable cutter drives the tobacco leaves to pass through the fixed cutter and the frame fence at high speed by utilizing the contact and relative motion of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth with the tobacco leaves, thereby promoting the tobacco leaves to more effectively realize the separation of leaf stalks and the splitting of ultra-large leaves in the subsequent dragging and tearing processes; the corresponding relation and the rule of the gap size and the leaf structure formed on the tobacco leaves by the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth can be summarized through process tests, so that the reasonable configuration range of the shape structure and the array parameters of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth is determined, the size control of the tobacco leaf tearing process is realized, and the threshing sheet type structure is optimally adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a threshing knife;
FIG. 2 is a front plan view of the threshing blade;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the profile of the side working surface of the threshing cutter;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the profile of the top working surface of the threshing knife;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a threshing knife structure (the working tooth arrays of the side working faces are arranged at large intervals);
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a threshing knife configuration (with the working teeth of the side working face arranged at a medium pitch);
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a threshing knife (the working teeth array of the side working surface is arranged with a small pitch);
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a threshing knife (the pitch of the working tooth array of the side working surface is 10 mm);
in the figure: 1-cutter body, 2-side threshing working surface, 3-top threshing working surface, 4-pin shaft hole, 5-safety pin hole, 6-quadrangular pyramid working tooth I, 7-quadrangular pyramid working tooth II, 8-threshing cutter plane profile, 9-side working surface overlooking profile and 10-top working surface side overlooking profile.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-8, a threshing cutter, including threshing cutter's cutter body 1, the both sides face of upper portion is side threshing work face 2 in the cutter body 1, is provided with four pyramid working teeth I6 on the side threshing work face 2, and four pyramid working teeth I6 distribute according to the array, and the top surface of cutter body 1 is top threshing work face 3, is provided with four pyramid working teeth II7 on the top threshing work face 3, and four pyramid working teeth II7 distribute according to the array.
The center axis of the cutter body 1 of the threshing cutter is provided with a pin shaft hole 4 and a safety pin hole 5 of the threshing cutter, the distance between the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 and the bottom of the cutter body 1 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1, the safety pin hole 5 is positioned right above the pin shaft hole 4, and the distance between the circle center of the safety pin hole 5 and the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1.
The length of the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing cutter is 1/2-3/5 of the total length of the cutter body 1 of the threshing cutter.
The included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth I6 on the threshing working surface of the side surface of the threshing cutter ranges from 25 to 35 degrees, the root parts of the working teeth and the forming line segments at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom ranges from 2.5 to 5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working face 2 is longitudinal in array, the range of the distance is 4-30 mm, the thickness direction of the side threshing working face 2 is transverse in array, and the range of the distance is 4-5.5 mm.
The included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth II7 on the threshing working surface of the top surface of the threshing cutter ranges from 35 to 40 degrees, the root parts of the working teeth and the forming line segments at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line of the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom ranges from 2.5 to 4 mm; the width direction of the top surface threshing working face 3 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the range of the distance is 4-15 mm, the thickness direction of the top surface threshing working face 3 is the transverse direction of the array, and the range of the distance is 4-5.5 mm.
The four-pyramid working teeth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 of the threshing knife and the four-pyramid working teeth II7 on the threshing working surface 3 of the top surface are integrally formed with the knife body.
The threshing cutter body 1 is made of high-chromium alloy steel materials.
The manufacturing method of the threshing knife comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting a high-chromium alloy steel plate with the thickness larger than the preset forming thickness of the leaf beating knife;
(2) lofting and blanking according to the plane outline of a preset leaf beating knife, prefabricating a pin shaft hole and a bottom hole of a safety pin hole on a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate, wherein the diameter of the bottom hole is required to be smaller than the final forming diameter of the corresponding pin shaft hole and the corresponding safety pin hole, and arranging the plane outlines of a plurality of leaf beating knives on one high-chromium alloy steel blank plate;
(3) carrying out heat treatment of quenching and high-temperature tempering on the prefabricated high-chromium alloy steel blank plate to reach a preset hardness value;
(4) carrying out plane grinding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the high-chromium alloy steel blank plate after heat treatment to enable the upper surface and the lower surface to reach a preset thickness size;
(5) on a numerical control spark wire cutting machine, positioning and fixing a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate by taking a ground plane, a prefabricated pin shaft hole and a safety pin hole as processing references; according to the linear track of the plane outline of the threshing cutter, carrying out linear cutting forming on the pin shaft hole, the safety pin hole and the plane outline of the cutter body; orthogonal wire cut electrical discharge machining is respectively carried out on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face according to the profile linear tracks of the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in the thickness direction, and the wire cut electrical discharge machining forming of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth distributed on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in an array mode is completed;
(6) and nitriding the formed workpiece to form a nitrided wear-resistant layer on the surface of the threshing cutter, thus obtaining the threshing cutter.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1-4, a threshing cutter, including the cutter body 1 of threshing cutter, the both sides face of upper portion is side threshing work face 2 in the cutter body 1, is provided with four pyramid working teeth I6 on the side threshing work face 2, and four pyramid working teeth I6 distribute according to the array, and the top surface of cutter body 1 is top threshing work face 3, is provided with four pyramid working teeth II7 on the top threshing work face 3, and four pyramid working teeth II7 distribute according to the array.
The center axis of the cutter body 1 of the threshing cutter is provided with a pin shaft hole 4 and a safety pin hole 5 of the threshing cutter, the distance between the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 and the bottom of the cutter body 1 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1, the safety pin hole 5 is positioned right above the pin shaft hole 4, and the distance between the circle center of the safety pin hole 5 and the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1.
The length of the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 1/2-3/5 of the total length of the threshing knife body 1 (the total length of the conventional threshing knife body is 177.8 mm).
Preferably, the included angle of the forming line segment of the opposite inclined plane of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 30 degrees, the root part of the working tooth and the forming line segment at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in circular angle transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom is 3.5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working surface 2 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 21mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the side threshing working surface 2 is preferably 7.0mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 5 mm.
Preferably, the included angle of the relative inclined plane forming line segment of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth II7 on the threshing working surface 3 of the top surface of the threshing knife is 40 degrees, the forming line segments of the root part and the bottom part of the working tooth are in circular arc transition, the forming line of the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom part is 3 mm. The width direction of the top surface threshing working surface 3 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 15mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the top surface threshing working surface 3 is preferably 7.0mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 5 mm.
The four-pyramid working teeth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 of the threshing knife and the four-pyramid working teeth II7 on the threshing working surface 3 of the top surface are integrally formed with the knife body.
Preferably, the threshing cutter body 1 is made of a high-chromium alloy steel material 4Cr13MoV through machining.
The manufacturing method of the threshing knife comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting a 4Cr13MoV alloy steel plate with the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) lofting and blanking according to the plane outline of a preset leaf beating knife, prefabricating pin shaft holes and bottom holes of safety pin holes on a 4Cr13MoV alloy steel blank plate, wherein the diameter of each bottom hole is required to be smaller than the final forming diameter of the corresponding pin shaft hole and the corresponding safety pin hole, and the plane outlines of 5 leaf beating knives can be distributed on a 4Cr13MoV alloy steel blank plate with the length multiplied by width dimension of 200mm multiplied by 300 mm;
(3) carrying out heat treatment of quenching and high-temperature tempering on the prefabricated 4Cr13MoV alloy steel blank plate, wherein the quenching temperature is as follows: keeping the temperature at 1050 ℃ for 2-3 hours; tempering for the first time: the temperature is 580 ℃; tempering for the second time: the temperature is 550 ℃; tempering for the third time: the temperature was 550 ℃. Hardness after heat treatment: HRC 40-45;
(4) carrying out plane grinding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat-treated 4Cr13MoV alloy steel blank plate to enable the upper surface and the lower surface to reach the preset thickness dimension of 7.0 mm;
(5) on a numerical control spark wire cutting machine, positioning and fixing a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate by taking a ground plane, a prefabricated pin shaft hole and a safety pin hole as processing references; according to the linear track of the plane outline of the threshing cutter, carrying out linear cutting forming on the pin shaft hole, the safety pin hole and the plane outline of the cutter body; orthogonal wire cut electrical discharge machining is respectively carried out on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face according to the profile linear tracks of the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in the thickness direction, and the wire cut electrical discharge machining forming of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth distributed on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in an array mode is completed;
(6) and nitriding the formed workpiece to form a nitrided wear-resistant layer with the thickness of 0.20mm and the hardness of HV 1200-1350 on the surface of the threshing cutter, so that the threshing cutter is manufactured.
The vertical working tooth array parameters of the threshing working surface on the side surface of the threshing knife in the embodiment 2 are recommended to be used for the first-stage threshing process configuration and the second-stage threshing process configuration.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 5, the threshing knife of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the threshing knife of embodiment 2, and the differences are:
preferably, the included angle of the forming line segment of the opposite inclined plane of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 30 degrees, the root part of the working tooth and the forming line segment at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in circular angle transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom is 3.5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working surface 2 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 27mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the side threshing working surface 2 is preferably 7.0mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 5 mm.
The material and the processing and forming process of the threshing knife are the same as those of the embodiment 2.
The vertical working tooth array of the threshing working surface on the side surface of the threshing knife in the embodiment 3 adopts a large spacing parameter, and is suitable for the process configuration of the first-stage threshing requiring a large blade with a high proportion.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 6, the threshing knife of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the threshing knife of embodiment 2, and the differences are:
preferably, the included angle of the forming line segment of the opposite inclined plane of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 30 degrees, the root part of the working tooth and the forming line segment at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in circular angle transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom is 3.5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working surface 2 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 17mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the side threshing working surface 2 is preferably 7.0mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 5 mm.
The material and the processing and forming process of the threshing knife are the same as those of the embodiment 2.
The vertical working tooth array of the threshing working surface on the side surface of the threshing cutter in the embodiment 4 is configured at medium intervals, is suitable for the process configuration of second-stage threshing and third-stage threshing, and can also be used for the process configuration of first-stage threshing requiring a lower large-piece proportion.
And (3) knotting: the vertical array of the working teeth of the side threshing working surface adopts the process configuration with smaller distance, and the corresponding threshing tobacco leaf blade type structure can contain medium and small blades with higher proportion.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 7, the threshing knife of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the threshing knife of embodiment 2, and the differences are:
preferably, the included angle of the forming line segment of the opposite inclined plane of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 30 degrees, the root part of the working tooth and the forming line segment at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in circular angle transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom is 3.5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working surface 2 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 7mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the preferable side threshing working surface 2 is 7.0mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 5 mm.
The material and the processing and forming process of the threshing knife are the same as those of the embodiment 2.
The vertical working tooth array of the threshing working surface on the side surface of the threshing knife in the embodiment 5 adopts small-distance configuration, and is suitable for process configuration that the final-stage threshing emphasizes on stalk cleaning.
The center axis of the cutter body 1 of the threshing cutter is provided with a pin shaft hole 4 and a safety pin hole 5 of the threshing cutter, the distance between the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 and the bottom of the cutter body 1 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1, the safety pin hole 5 is positioned right above the pin shaft hole 4, and the distance between the circle center of the safety pin hole 5 and the circle center of the pin shaft hole 4 is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body 1.
The length of the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 1/2-3/5 of the total length of the threshing knife body 1 (the total length of the conventional threshing knife body is 177.8 mm).
Preferably, the included angle of the forming line segment of the opposite inclined plane of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 on the side surface of the threshing knife is 40 degrees, the root part of the working tooth and the forming line segment at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in circular angle transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom is 3.0 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working surface 2 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 10mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the side threshing working surface 2 is 6.3mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 4.3 mm.
Preferably, the included angle of the relative inclined plane forming line segment of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth II7 on the threshing working surface 3 of the top surface of the threshing knife is 40 degrees, the forming line segments of the root part and the bottom part of the working tooth are in circular arc transition, the forming line of the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom part is 3 mm. The width direction of the top surface threshing working surface 3 is the longitudinal direction of the array, the distance is 10mm, in the embodiment, the thickness of the top surface threshing working surface 3 is 6.3mm, the thickness direction is the transverse direction of the array, and the distance is 4.3 mm.
The four-pyramid working teeth I6 on the threshing working surface 2 of the threshing knife and the four-pyramid working teeth II7 on the threshing working surface 3 of the top surface are integrally formed with the knife body.
Preferably, the body 1 of the threshing cutter is made of a high-chromium alloy steel material 4Cr13 through machining.
The manufacturing method of the threshing knife comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting a 4Cr13 alloy steel plate with the thickness of 8 mm;
(2) lofting and blanking according to the plane outline of a preset leaf beating knife, prefabricating pin shaft holes and bottom holes of safety pin holes on a 4Cr13 alloy steel blank plate, wherein the diameter of each bottom hole is smaller than the final forming diameter of the corresponding pin shaft hole and the corresponding safety pin hole, and the plane outlines of 5 leaf beating knives are distributed on a 4Cr13 alloy steel blank plate with the length multiplied by the width of 200mm multiplied by 300 mm;
(3) carrying out heat treatment of quenching and high-temperature tempering on the prefabricated 4Cr13 alloy steel blank plate, wherein the quenching temperature is as follows: keeping the temperature for 2 hours at 1030 ℃; tempering for the first time: the temperature is 580 ℃; tempering for the second time: the temperature is 550 ℃; tempering for the third time: the temperature was 550 ℃. Hardness after heat treatment: HRC 40-45;
(4) carrying out plane grinding on the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat-treated 4Cr13 alloy steel blank plate to enable the upper surface and the lower surface to reach the preset thickness size of 6.3 mm;
(5) on a numerical control spark wire cutting machine, positioning and fixing a high-chromium alloy steel blank plate by taking a ground plane, a prefabricated pin shaft hole and a safety pin hole as processing references; according to the linear track of the plane outline of the threshing cutter, carrying out linear cutting forming on the pin shaft hole, the safety pin hole and the plane outline of the cutter body; orthogonal wire cut electrical discharge machining is respectively carried out on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face according to the profile linear tracks of the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in the thickness direction, and the wire cut electrical discharge machining forming of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth distributed on the side threshing working face and the top threshing working face in an array mode is completed;
(6) and nitriding the formed workpiece to form a nitrided wear-resistant layer with the thickness of 0.20mm and the hardness of HV 1200-1350 on the surface of the threshing cutter, so as to manufacture the threshing cutter.
For the verification of the wear resistance of the threshing working face of the threshing knife, the utility model discloses the applicant has changed and installed 10 threshing knives with the same specification as embodiment 6 on the first-level threshing machine of 12 ton threshing wire under the support and the cooperation of Yunnan province tobacco leaf company. Through continuous production operation observation for 8 weeks, the change of the sharpness of the top end of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working tooth is not found.
The threshing knife of the utility model can set the shape structure parameters of the rectangular pyramid according to the requirements of the threshing process, so that the working teeth on the threshing working surface reach better protruding height and proper sharp degree, and the tobacco tar can be effectively prevented from being covered; the threshing cutter body has enough strength and toughness, the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth on the working surface have high hardness and are not easy to wear, the proper sharpness can be kept for a long time, and the stability of the leaf tearing performance is ensured; the utility model reasonably utilizes the essential principle of the leaf tearing process, and when the moving knife drives the tobacco leaves to pass through the fixed knife and the frame fence at high speed, the rectangular pyramid working teeth puncture and scratch the notch effect formed by the tobacco leaves when contacting and moving relative to the tobacco leaves, so as to promote the tobacco leaves to more effectively realize the separation of leaf stalks and the splitting of ultra-large leaves in the subsequent dragging and tearing processes; the corresponding relation and the rule of the gap size and the leaf structure formed on the tobacco leaves by the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth can be summarized through process tests, so that the reasonable configuration range of the shape structure and the array parameters of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth is determined, the size control of the tobacco leaf tearing process is realized, and the threshing sheet type structure is optimally adjusted. Provides an effective solution for realizing the process target of 'reducing the size and keeping the middle school' in the threshing and redrying industry.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A threshing knife is characterized in that: the tobacco leaf cutting machine comprises a cutter body (1) of a leaf cutting cutter, wherein two side faces of the middle upper portion of the cutter body (1) are side face leaf cutting working faces (2), four-pyramid-shaped working teeth I (6) are arranged on the side face leaf cutting working faces (2), the four-pyramid-shaped working teeth I (6) are distributed according to an array, the top face of the cutter body (1) is a top face leaf cutting working face (3), four-pyramid-shaped working teeth II (7) are arranged on the top face leaf cutting working face (3), and the four-pyramid-shaped working teeth II (7) are distributed according to the array.
2. The threshing knife of claim 1, wherein: a pin shaft hole (4) and a safety pin hole (5) of the leaf-beating cutter are formed in the axis of the cutter body (1), the distance between the circle center of the pin shaft hole (4) and the bottom of the cutter body (1) is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body (1), the safety pin hole (5) is located right above the pin shaft hole (4), and the distance between the circle center of the safety pin hole (5) and the circle center of the pin shaft hole (4) is 1/2 of the width dimension of the cutter body (1).
3. The threshing knife of claim 1, wherein: the length of the side threshing working surface (2) is 1/2-3/5 of the total length of the threshing knife body (1).
4. The threshing knife of claim 1, wherein: the included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth I (6) on the side threshing working surface (2) ranges from 25 to 35 degrees, the root parts of the working teeth and the forming line segments at the bottom are in circular arc transition, the forming line at the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom ranges from 2.5 to 5 mm; the height direction of the side threshing working face (2) is longitudinal in array, the distance range is 4-30 mm, the thickness direction of the side threshing working face (2) is transverse in array, and the distance range is 4-5.5 mm.
5. The threshing knife of claim 1, wherein: the included angle of the forming line segments of the opposite inclined planes of the quadrangular pyramid-shaped working teeth II (7) on the top surface threshing working surface (3) ranges from 35 to 40 degrees, the forming line segments of the root parts and the bottom parts of the working teeth are in circular arc transition, the forming line of the cone top is in fillet transition, and the height from the cone top to the bottom part ranges from 2.5 to 4 mm; the width direction of the top surface threshing working face (3) is longitudinal in array, the range of the distance is 4-15 mm, the thickness direction of the top surface threshing working face (3) is transverse in array, and the range of the distance is 4-5.5 mm.
6. The threshing knife of claim 1, wherein: the quadrangular pyramid working teeth I (6) on the side threshing working surface (2) and the quadrangular pyramid working teeth II (7) on the top threshing working surface (3) are integrally formed with the cutter body.
7. The threshing knife according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the blade body (1) of the threshing cutter is made of high-chromium alloy steel materials.
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| CN111002351A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-14 | 昆明胤泰逻辑科技有限公司 | Threshing knife and manufacturing method thereof |
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