CN211452379U - Protection device of sensor - Google Patents
Protection device of sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN211452379U CN211452379U CN201922067567.1U CN201922067567U CN211452379U CN 211452379 U CN211452379 U CN 211452379U CN 201922067567 U CN201922067567 U CN 201922067567U CN 211452379 U CN211452379 U CN 211452379U
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 6
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a protection device of a sensor, which comprises a sheath, wherein the sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of soft sheaths and hard sheaths in sequence; the sensor is a fiber grating sensor. The utility model discloses a protection device equipment is convenient, and the transportation and the installation of being convenient for, when certain section sensor breaks down, convenient to detach and change sensor are adapted to large-scale production and application. In addition, the protection device of the application not only can be used for point type track occupation inspection, but also can be used for continuous type track occupation inspection. When the device is used for continuous track occupation inspection, train length measurement, speed measurement, train integrity inspection and the like can be synchronously realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the track traffic, concretely relates to protection device of sensor.
Background
In order to avoid that the change of external conditions damages the sensor or influences the sensing performance of the sensor, it is necessary to arrange a protection device of the sensor outside the sensor, and the design of the protection device of the fiber grating sensor needs to consider the problems of keeping the integrity of the steel rail, 15-year service life, feasibility of engineering implementation, convenience in maintenance, convenience in transportation and the like, but the technical problems are difficult to solve by the conventional protection device of the fiber grating sensor.
Therefore, it is desirable to develop a sensor protection device that can solve the above technical problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a protection device of a sensor, which comprises a sheath, wherein the sheath is formed by connecting a plurality of soft sheaths and hard sheaths in sequence; the sensor is a fiber grating sensor.
Furthermore, the fiber grating sensor is recorded on the optical fiber; the optical fiber is disposed within the jacket.
Further, the optical fiber on which the fiber bragg grating sensor is recorded is placed in the hard sheath; the optical fiber without the optical fiber grating sensor is arranged in the soft sheath.
Furthermore, the hard sheath is made of a rigid material; the rigid material may be selected from metals or metal alloys, such as metal alloys; the material of the soft sheath can be selected from metal.
Further, the sheath is fixed on the steel rail.
Further, the sheath is fixed by a fixture.
Further, the clamp is a rigid clamp; the fixture is fixed on the steel rail; both ends of the sheath pass through the clip.
Furthermore, the number of the optical fibers in the sheath is m, and the m optical fibers form an optical cable;
the optical cable comprises m x n fiber grating sensors; both m and n are integers more than 0;
the distances between adjacent fiber bragg grating sensors are the same;
the fiber grating sensors are distributed from near to far in space.
Furthermore, m groups of fiber grating sensors can be recorded on the optical cable, each group of sensors comprises n fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the fiber grating sensors in each group are distributed in the same optical fiber, the fiber grating sensors in each group are in series connection, and the working wavelengths of the fiber grating sensors in each group are different.
Furthermore, n groups of fiber grating sensors can be burned on the optical cable, each group of sensors comprises m fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the fiber grating sensors in each group are distributed in different optical fibers, and the working wavelengths of the fiber grating sensors in each group are the same.
Advantageous effects
The utility model provides a protection device of sensor, protection device includes the sheath, the sheath is connected gradually by the soft sheath of a plurality of and stereoplasm sheath and is constituteed. The utility model discloses a protection device equipment is convenient, and the transportation and the installation of being convenient for, when certain section sensor breaks down, convenient to detach and change sensor are adapted to large-scale production and application.
In addition, the protection device of the application not only can be used for point type track occupation inspection, but also can be used for continuous type track occupation inspection. When the device is used for continuous track occupation inspection, train length measurement, speed measurement, train integrity inspection and the like can be synchronously realized.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor protection device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sensor when installed;
FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of an optical cable when sensors are arranged in the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a detailed composition diagram of the fiber optic cable with the sensors arranged in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram of an optical cable when sensors are arranged in the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a detailed composition diagram of the fiber optic cable with the sensors arranged in the second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the hard sheath on the rail when the length of the hard sheath is equal to the empty length of one sleeper;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the rigid sheath mounted to the rail when the length of the sheath is equal to the length of the two sleepers;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixture;
FIG. 10 is a strain diagram of a sensor located under a wheel as the wheel occupies the track;
FIG. 11 is a strain diagram of adjacent sensors as a wheel occupies the track;
wherein, 1-soft sheath, 2-hard sheath, 3-fiber grating, 4-fiber, 5-fixture, 6-sleeper, 7-sheath.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a protection device for a sensor, which includes a sheath, as shown in fig. 1, the sheath is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of soft sheaths 1 and hard sheaths 2. The utility model discloses do not do the restriction to the quantity of soft sheath, stereoplasm sheath, the quantity that can satisfy the demand can be selected according to the use needs to the technical staff in the field.
The utility model discloses a soft sheath can realize the adjustment of sensor mounted position, avoid rail connection fishplate, disconnected fine restoration and sensor change and adapt to the length variation that rail expend with heat and contract with cold and lead to, the storage transportation of being convenient for simultaneously.
The protector for the sensor may be mounted on the outside or inside of the rail, preferably on the inside of the rail.
The sensor is a fiber grating sensor;
the fiber grating sensor is recorded on the optical fiber 4; the optical fiber 4 is placed inside the sheath;
the optical fiber on which the optical fiber grating sensor is recorded is placed in the hard sheath; the optical fiber without the optical fiber grating sensor is placed in the soft sheath;
the structure schematic diagram of the sensor during installation is shown in fig. 2, and the fiber bragg grating is subjected to sensitization and anti-interference packaging, and the fiber bragg grating 3 is packaged into a fiber bragg grating sensor according to a circular tube shape.
In order to more effectively transmit the deformation of the steel rail to the sensor, the packaged fiber grating sensor is packaged in the hard sheath 2 again, and the adopted measures need to ensure the stable connection between the hard sheath and the sensor.
The number of the optical fibers in the sheath is m, and the m optical fibers form an optical cable; the optical cable comprises m X n fiber grating sensors (FBG sensors), m, n being the same or different and being independently selected from integers greater than 0; the sensors are distributed from near to far in space, the distances between adjacent sensors are the same, and the sensors are uniformly distributed, so that long-distance measurement of a large number of fiber grating sensors cascaded in one optical cable is realized.
The sensor arrangement has the following two ways:
the first embodiment: the optical cable can be used for recording m groups of fiber grating sensors, each group of sensors comprises n fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the FBG sensors in each group are distributed in the same optical fiber, the FBG sensors in each group are in series connection, and the working wavelengths of the FBG sensors in each group are different; as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the 1 st group of FBG sensors includes FBGs1-1、FBG1-2……FBG1-n Group 2 FBG sensors including FBG2-1、FBG2-2……FBG2-nBy analogy, the m-th group of FBG sensors comprises FBGsm-1、FBGm-2……FBGm-n(ii) a The FBG sensors in the 1 st group have different working wavelengths, and the wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the 1 st group are respectively lambda1、λ2……λn(ii) a The FBG sensors in the group 2 have different working wavelengths, and the wavelength of each FBG sensor in the group 2 is lambda1、λ2……λn(ii) a By analogy, the working wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the mth group are different, and the wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the mth group are respectively lambda1、λ2……λn(ii) a The working wavelength of each FBG sensor in each optical fiber is different, and the working wavelength of each FBG sensor in each optical fiber is lambda1、λ2……λn。
Second embodiment: n groups of fiber grating sensors can be recorded on the optical cable, each group of sensors comprises m fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the FBG sensors in each group are distributed in different optical fibers, and the working wavelength of each FBG sensor in each group is the same. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the 1 st group of FBG sensors includes FBGs1-1、FBG2-1……FBGm-1 Group 2 FBG sensors including FBG1-2、FBG2-2……FBGm-2By analogy, the nth group of FBG sensors comprises FBGs1-n、FBG2-n……FBGm-n(ii) a The working wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the 1 st group are the same, and the wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the 1 st group are lambda1(ii) a The working wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the group 2 are the same, and the wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the group 2 are lambda2(ii) a By analogy, the working wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the nth group are the same, and the wavelengths of the FBG sensors in the nth group are lambdan. The working wavelength of each FBG sensor in each optical fiber is different, and the working wavelength of each FBG sensor in each optical fiber is lambda1、λ2……λn。
The hard sheath is made of a rigid material, and the rigid material can be selected from metal or metal alloy, such as metal alloy; the material of the soft sheath can be selected from metal.
For example, the soft sheath can be a metal bellows or a metal wire mesh flexible pipe.
For example, the hard sheath and the soft sheath are both armored sheaths, for example, both metal sheaths are used.
The sheath is fixed on the steel rail; the hard sheath and the clamp can be fixed by welding, screwing or clamping. For example, the sheath may be secured by a clip.
The clip is preferably a rigid clip. The fixture is used for fixing the sheath and plays a role in stress conduction. The fixture 5 is fixed on the steel rail; two ends of the sheath penetrate through the fixture 5, so that the sheath is fixed on the steel rail;
the fixture is arranged at a position as close to the sleeper as possible.
The length of the hard sheath can be adjusted according to the use requirement.
The lengths of all the hard sheaths are the same and are the lengths of the space of one sleeper. As shown in fig. 7, two clamps are arranged on two sides of each sleeper, the clamps are close to the connection position of the hard sheath and the soft sheath, the length of the fiber bragg grating sensor is the empty length of one sleeper, and the fiber bragg grating is located in the middle of the sleeper.
② the length of each hard sheath 2 is the same, and is the empty length of two sleepers. As shown in fig. 8, at this time, the fixture 5 is close to the joint between the hard sheath and the soft sheath, the length of the fiber bragg grating sensor is the length of the space between the two sleepers, and the fiber bragg grating is located above the sleepers.
As shown in fig. 9, the fixture 5 is made of rigid material, and one end of the fixture is arranged at the upper position of the rail web of the rail head close to the inner side of the rail; the other end of the fixture is arranged at the lower part of the rail web outside the steel rail, and the shape of the fixture is matched with the shape of the steel rail; the fixture is provided with a clamping hole, and the sheath penetrates through the clamping hole; the clamping hole is arranged at the upper part of the rail web close to the rail head; the bottom of the fixture is fixed on the lower edge of the steel rail, the top of the fixture is used for fastening and tensioning the fiber grating sensor, and the fixture is used for fixing the sheath on the upper portion of the rail web close to the rail head so as to achieve the maximum stress conduction and protect the fiber grating sensor. The jacket 7 passes through the top of the fixture 5. The mounting position of the sensor is positioned on the upper part of the rail web and the lower part of the rail head, the stress is conducted to the sensor at the position with the maximum strain change, and meanwhile, the rail head also has a protection effect on the sensor. The utility model discloses a fixture integrated into one piece, and simple to operate.
The existing sensor fixing mode is that a hole is arranged on a rail web to install a sensor, the structure of a steel rail is easy to damage, the measuring result cannot reflect the state of a track faithfully, and in addition, the change of the track structure can also cause influence on the safety of railway operation. Use the fixture of this application to install the sensor on the rail, need not to imbed the rail the inside, mode such as welding or paste, need not more make a hole on the rail, do not damage the rail. Use the utility model discloses a fixture can improve above-mentioned technical defect.
When wheels are pressed into a sensitive area of the sensor, the fixture extrudes the hard sheath inwards due to the deformation of the steel rail, so that the sensor generates axial deformation. The rationale analysis for stress conduction is as follows:
when the wheel set occupies the track, as shown in fig. 10, the fixture 5 of the sensor located at the lower part of the wheel slightly tilts along with the deformation of the steel rail, two points at the bottom B, C of the fixture are relatively fixed and symmetrical, the length of the sensor is shortened from BC to B 'C', the fiber grating sensor is subjected to strain change, and the central wavelength of the grating is changed.
When the sensors are arranged densely enough, dead zones (zones in which the wheel rails can not be sensed to occupy and press the steel rails) can be avoided, continuous track occupation inspection is realized, and meanwhile, train length measurement, speed measurement, train integrity inspection and the like can be realized. When the wheel set is pressed against the rail in the continuous occupancy check, the strain of the sensor at the lower part of the wheel is shown in fig. 10, the strain of the adjacent sensor is shown in fig. 11, and the length of the adjacent sensor is elongated from BC to B 'C'.
The stress deformation of the steel rail can be transmitted to the fiber grating sensor and converted into the strain change of the sensor. The sensor can be installed on one side of the steel rail by utilizing the fixture, the stress conduction effect is realized by utilizing the rigid connection between the fixture and the hard sheath and the steel rail, the deformation generated by the fact that the wheel occupies the steel rail is conducted to the hard sheath and the sensor through the change of the position of the upper end of the fixture, the fiber bragg grating sensor generates small deformation, and the track occupation checking function is realized. And simultaneously plays a role in enhancing the sensing sensitivity and the sensing range of the sensor.
When the rail occupies the pressure, the deformation of the steel rail causes the relative position change of the upper end of the clamping apparatus to cause the micro-strain of the sensor, and the rail occupying pressure or the rail is free can be judged by detecting the signal change of the sensor.
The utility model discloses a protection device equipment is convenient, and the transportation and the installation of being convenient for, when certain section sensor breaks down, convenient to detach and change sensor are adapted to large-scale production and application.
The protection device of this application not only can be used to the inspection is taken to point type track, can also be used to continuous type track and take the inspection. When the device is used for continuous track occupation inspection, train length measurement, speed measurement, train integrity inspection and the like can be synchronously realized.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (8)
1. The protection device of the sensor is characterized by comprising a sheath, wherein the sheath is formed by sequentially connecting a soft sheath and a hard sheath; the sensor is a fiber grating sensor;
the fiber grating sensor is recorded on the optical fiber; the optical fiber is placed within the sheath;
the optical fiber on which the optical fiber grating sensor is recorded is placed in the hard sheath; the optical fiber without the optical fiber grating sensor is arranged in the soft sheath.
2. The protection device of claim 1, wherein the hard sheath is made of a rigid material; the soft sheath is made of metal.
3. The protective device of claim 1, wherein the sheath is secured to the rail.
4. A protective device according to claim 3 wherein the sheath is secured by means of a clip.
5. The protective device of claim 4, wherein the clip is a rigid clip; the fixture is fixed on the steel rail; both ends of the sheath pass through the clip.
6. The protective device according to claim 1, wherein the number of optical fibers in the sheath is m, and the m optical fibers constitute a cable;
the optical cable comprises a plurality of fiber grating sensors;
the distances between adjacent fiber bragg grating sensors are the same;
the fiber grating sensors are distributed from near to far in space.
7. The protective device of claim 6, wherein the fiber optic cable comprises m x n fiber grating sensors; both m and n are integers more than 0; the optical cable can be used for recording m groups of fiber grating sensors, each group of sensors comprises n fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the fiber grating sensors in each group are distributed in the same optical fiber, the fiber grating sensors in each group are in series connection, and the working wavelengths of the fiber grating sensors in each group are different.
8. The protective device of claim 6, wherein the fiber optic cable comprises m x n fiber grating sensors; both m and n are integers more than 0; n groups of fiber grating sensors can be recorded on the optical cable, each group of sensors comprises m fiber grating sensors, and the sensors are distributed from near to far in space; the fiber grating sensors in each group are distributed in different optical fibers, and the working wavelengths of the fiber grating sensors in each group are the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922067567.1U CN211452379U (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Protection device of sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922067567.1U CN211452379U (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Protection device of sensor |
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| CN211452379U true CN211452379U (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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| CN201922067567.1U Active CN211452379U (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Protection device of sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110823263A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Protection device of sensor |
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2019
- 2019-11-26 CN CN201922067567.1U patent/CN211452379U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110823263A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Protection device of sensor |
| CN110823263B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2024-06-18 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Protection device of sensor |
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