CN211446834U - Dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration - Google Patents
Dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration Download PDFInfo
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- CN211446834U CN211446834U CN201922142931.6U CN201922142931U CN211446834U CN 211446834 U CN211446834 U CN 211446834U CN 201922142931 U CN201922142931 U CN 201922142931U CN 211446834 U CN211446834 U CN 211446834U
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- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a dam crest structure of infiltration is arranged to high efficiency relates to reservoir dykes and dams engineering technical field, include: the dam comprises a dam body, a leveling layer, a sandstone layer, a concrete pavement layer, dam shoulder stones, a waterproof layer, a main drainage pipe, branch drainage pipes, a concrete slope protection and a plant slope protection; the inner side inclined plane and the outer side inclined plane of the dam body are respectively provided with a concrete slope protection and a plant slope protection, the leveling layer, the waterproof layer, the sandstone layer and the concrete pavement layer are paved layer by layer, and the dam berms are provided with two rows and are respectively arranged at two sides of the dam top; the upper surface of screed-coat, grit layer are arranged by inboard towards the outside slope, and main drain pipe locates the intraformational lower one side of grit, is provided with a plurality of holes of permeating water on the main drain pipe, and main drain pipe is linked together with the inner of many branch drain pipes, and branch drain pipe runs through the dam abutment stone that is located the dam crest outside, and the plant bank protection is stretched out to the outer end of branch drain pipe, and branch drain pipe is arranged towards the slope of outer end by the inner. The utility model discloses have inside infiltration ability effect of in time discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of reservoir dam engineering technique and specifically relates to a dam crest structure of infiltration is arranged to high efficiency.
Background
The dam (or dam) refers to a weir for intercepting rivers and water, a water-retaining dam of reservoirs, rivers and the like, and a common reservoir dam mainly comprises a main dam, an auxiliary dam, a spillway and a power station, wherein the tops of the main dam and the auxiliary dam are generally called as a dam crest.
As shown in fig. 1, the dam crest structure is a structure commonly known in the prior art, and includes: dam body 1, screed-coat 2, grit layer 3, concrete pavement layer 4, dam facing stone 5, the top surface of dam body 1 is located to screed-coat 2, and grit layer 3 lays on screed-coat 2, and concrete pavement layer 4 lays on grit layer 3, and dam facing stone 5 is located the both sides of dam crest and arranges, and dam facing stone 5 protrusion in the upper surface of concrete pavement layer 4.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: as the dam shoulder stones on the two sides can form a groove structure in cooperation with the concrete pavement layer, more rainwater can gradually permeate the concrete pavement layer and the sandstone layer once the dam is rained for a long time, more water can enter the dam body, and the structure of the dam body can be damaged if the water cannot be discharged after the water seeps for a long time, so that the improvement is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a dam crest structure of infiltration is arranged to high efficiency has inside infiltration ability advantage of in time discharging.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a dam crest structure for efficiently draining seepage water comprises: the dam comprises a dam body, a leveling layer, a sandstone layer, a concrete pavement layer, dam shoulder stones, a waterproof layer, a main drainage pipe, branch drainage pipes, a concrete slope protection and a plant slope protection;
the concrete slope protection is arranged on the inner side inclined plane of the dam body, the plant slope protection is arranged on the outer side inclined plane of the dam body, the leveling layer is arranged on the top surface of the dam body, the waterproof layer is laid on the leveling layer, the gravel layer is laid on the waterproof layer, the concrete pavement layer is laid on the gravel layer, the dam berms are arranged in two rows and are respectively arranged on two sides of the dam crest, and the dam berms protrude out of the upper surface of the concrete pavement layer;
the upper surface of screed-coat the gravel layer is arranged towards the outside slope by inboard, main drain pipe locates lower one side in the gravel layer, main drain pipe's lay direction with the lay direction of dam abutment stone is unanimous, be provided with a plurality of holes of permeating water on the main drain pipe, main drain pipe and many the inner of branch drain pipe is linked together, a branch drain pipe runs through and is located the dam crest outside the dam abutment stone, stretch out the outer end of a branch drain pipe the plant bank protection, a branch drain pipe is arranged towards outside end slope by the inner.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when rainwater infiltration concrete pavement layer, when flowing to the gravel layer in, owing to increased the waterproof layer, so ooze the water and can not continue to permeate to the dam body, and because the gravel layer is arranged towards the outside slope by the inboard, so the intraformational infiltration of gravel can be saved in the outside that is close to the dam body, then these infiltration can flow to main drain pipe in through the hole that permeates water, then infiltration in the main drain pipe can be discharged through many spinal branchs drain pipe, consequently even there is more rainwater infiltration concrete pavement layer, above-mentioned dam crest structure also can ensure inside infiltration ability in time to the infiltration can not be long-time in this dam crest structure, the life of this dam crest structure has been prolonged.
The utility model discloses further set up to, main drain pipe includes: the PVC water pipe comprises a PVC water pipe and a water-permeable non-woven fabric, wherein the water-permeable holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the PVC water pipe, and the water-permeable non-woven fabric wraps the PVC water pipe.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the PVC water pipe is more convenient, with low costs to purchase, and the infiltration can be in the grit in situ free flow, then passes the non-woven fabrics that permeates water and the hole of permeating water, flows to the PVC water pipe smoothly in to convenient infiltration is discharged fast, and the non-woven fabrics that permeates water is difficult for tearing, has the filtering action moreover, can prevent that the hole of permeating water from being blocked up.
The utility model discloses further set up as, the diameter of the hole of permeating water is between 1.5-2.5 millimeters, and is adjacent the interval between the hole of permeating water is between 25-35 millimeters.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the hole of permeating water of above-mentioned size design conveniently permeates water and gets into the PVC water pipe to the PVC water pipe has good drainage effect, and the hole of permeating water of laying according to above-mentioned density can not influence the structural strength of PVC water pipe moreover, effectively avoids the PVC water pipe to be flattened by soil pressure.
The utility model discloses further set up to, the waterproof layer is laid by canvas and is formed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waterproof canvas is convenient to obtain materials, low in purchase cost and convenient to lay, has a good waterproof effect, and effectively avoids water seepage to the dam body.
The utility model discloses further set up to, be located the dam crest outside dam abutment stone internal pre-buried be fixed with the steel sheet, a drain pipe runs through the center of steel sheet.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, limiting displacement about the steel sheet has to a drain pipe is difficult not hard up, especially meets when slight earthquake or other special cases, and the mounting structure of a drain pipe is more firm reliable.
The utility model discloses further set up to, the both sides of concrete pavement layer and two rows leave first expansion joint between the medial surface of dam abutment stone, first expansion joint intussuseption is filled with first polyethylene obturator cystosepiment.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the concrete has the characteristics of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, when the dam is in extremely cold or extremely hot weather, the first expansion joint can avoid large cracks from being generated between the two sides of the concrete slope protection surface and the inner side surface of the dam shoulder stone, and the first polyethylene closed-cell foam board has the advantages of no flowing at high temperature and no brittle fracture at low temperature, has no water absorption, and has good impact resistance, weather resistance and good permeability resistance.
The utility model discloses further set up to, the concrete bank protection includes: the dam comprises an inclined leveling layer, an inclined gravel layer and a concrete slope protection surface, wherein the inclined leveling layer is arranged on the inner inclined surface of the dam body, the inclined gravel layer is laid on the inclined leveling layer, and the concrete slope protection surface is laid on the inclined gravel layer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the concrete bank protection of above-mentioned structure, not only sound construction, concrete bank protection face has good scour resistance moreover, and life is than longer, and the construction is also more convenient.
The utility model discloses further set up to, the top that the slope face was protected to the concrete is inboard with being located the dam crest leave the second expansion joint between the lateral surface of dam abutment stone, the second expansion joint intussuseption is filled with second polyethylene obturator cystosepiment.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the concrete has the characteristics of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, in extremely cold or extremely hot weather, the second expansion joint can avoid the generation of large cracks between the top of the concrete slope protecting surface and the outer side surface of the dam shoulder stone, and the second polyethylene closed-cell foam board has the advantages of no flowing at high temperature and no brittle fracture at low temperature, has no water absorption, has good impact resistance and weather resistance, and has good permeability resistance.
The utility model discloses further set up to, pre-buried being fixed with the outlet pipe in the dam abutment stone, the outlet pipe slope is arranged and both ends are stretched out the inside and outside lateral surface of dam abutment stone, the higher one end of outlet pipe is close to the lower surface of concrete pavement layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, when rainwater is large, because the dam shouldering stones on two sides are matched with the concrete pavement layer to form the groove structure, more rainwater can be accumulated in the groove structure, the rainwater can be smoothly discharged through the drainage pipe additionally arranged at the moment, and the rainwater is effectively prevented from being accumulated for a long time and permeating the concrete pavement layer.
The utility model discloses further set up to, the higher one end entrance of wash-out pipe is provided with the filter screen.
By adopting the technical scheme, when excessive rainwater on the concrete pavement layer is discharged through the drain pipe, the filter screen can filter larger impurities, and the drain pipe is effectively prevented from being blocked.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect does:
firstly, when rainwater permeates the concrete pavement layer and flows into the gravel layer, due to the addition of the waterproof layer, seepage water cannot continuously permeate into the dam body, and because the gravel layer is obliquely arranged from the inner side to the outer side, seepage water in the gravel layer can be accumulated at the outer side close to the dam body, then the seepage water can flow into the main drainage pipe through the water permeable holes, and then the seepage water in the main drainage pipe can be drained through the branch drainage pipes, so that even if more rainwater permeates the concrete pavement layer, the dam top structure can ensure that the seepage water in the dam top structure can be timely drained, the seepage water cannot be in the dam top structure for a long time, and the service life of the dam top structure is prolonged;
secondly, when rainwater is large, because the dam abutment stones on the two sides can form a groove structure in cooperation with the concrete pavement layer, more rainwater can be accumulated in the groove structure, the rainwater can be smoothly discharged through the additionally arranged drain pipes, and the phenomenon that the rainwater permeates the concrete pavement layer due to long-time accumulation is effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dam crest structure in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a main drain pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Reference numerals: 1. a dam body; 2. leveling layer; 3. a sandstone layer; 4. a concrete pavement layer; 5. a dam abutment stone; 6. a waterproof layer; 7. a main drain pipe; 71. PVC water pipes; 72. water-permeable non-woven fabric; 73. water permeable holes; 8. branch drain pipes; 9. concrete slope protection; 91. a diagonal leveling layer; 92. a rubble layer; 93. protecting the slope surface with concrete; 10. plant slope protection; 11. a steel plate; 12. a first closed cell polyethylene foam sheet; 13. a second closed cell polyethylene foam board; 14. a drain pipe; 15. and (4) a filter screen.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Refer to fig. 2, do the utility model discloses a dam crest structure of infiltration is arranged to high efficiency, include: the dam comprises a dam body 1, a leveling layer 2, a sand layer 3, a concrete pavement layer 4, dam facing stones 5, a waterproof layer 6, a main drainage pipe 7, branch drainage pipes 8, a concrete slope 9 and a plant slope 10.
The concrete slope 9 is arranged on the inner side inclined plane of the dam body 1, the plant slope 10 is arranged on the outer side inclined plane of the dam body 1, the leveling layer 2 is arranged on the top surface of the dam body 1, the waterproof layer 6 is laid on the leveling layer 2, the gravel layer 3 is laid on the waterproof layer 6, the concrete pavement layer 4 is laid on the gravel layer 3, the dam facing stones 5 are arranged in two rows and are respectively arranged on two sides of the dam top, and the dam facing stones 5 protrude out of the upper surface of the concrete pavement layer 4; the upper surface of screed-coat 2, grit layer 3 is arranged by inboard towards the outside slope, main drain pipe 7 locates the lower one side in grit layer 3, main drain pipe 7's the direction of laying is unanimous with dam facing stone 5, be provided with a plurality of holes 73 (see fig. 2) of permeating water on main drain pipe 7, main drain pipe 7 is linked together with many inner branch drain pipe 8, branch drain pipe 8 runs through the dam facing stone 5 that is located the dam crest outside, plant bank protection 10 is stretched out to branch drain pipe 8's outer end, branch drain pipe 8 is arranged by inner towards the outer end slope.
The waterproof layer 6 is laid by the canvas, and the canvas is convenient for obtaining materials, low in purchase cost and convenient for laying, has good waterproof effect, and effectively avoids water seepage to the dam body 1.
Be located the pre-buried steel sheet 11 that is fixed with in the dam abutment stone 5 in the dam crest outside, prop up drain pipe 8 and run through the center of steel sheet 11, steel sheet 11 has limiting displacement from top to bottom to a drain pipe 8 to it is difficult not hard up to prop up drain pipe 8, especially when meetting slight earthquake or other special circumstances, prop up drain pipe 8's mounting structure more firmly reliable.
The concrete slope 9 includes: oblique screed 91, oblique metalling 92 and concrete bank protection face 93, the inboard inclined plane of dam body 1 is located to oblique screed 91, and the metalling 92 is laid on oblique screed 91 to one side, and the slope 93 is laid on oblique metalling 92 to the concrete bank protection face, and the concrete bank protection 9 of above-mentioned structure, firm in structure not only, and concrete bank protection face 93 has good scour resistance ability moreover, and life is than longer, and the construction is also more convenient.
A water outlet pipe 14 is pre-buried and fixed in the dam facing stone 5, the water outlet pipe 14 is obliquely arranged, two ends of the water outlet pipe 14 extend out of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the dam facing stone 5, the higher end of the water outlet pipe 14 is close to the lower surface of the concrete pavement layer 4, an opening can be reserved in advance when the dam facing stone 5 is manufactured, the opening is convenient for subsequently mounting the water outlet pipe 14, and the water outlet pipes 14 are generally arranged one by one at intervals of 4-6 meters. When the rainwater is large, the dam shouldering stones 5 on the two sides are matched with the concrete pavement layer 4 to form a groove structure, so that more rainwater can be accumulated in the groove structure, the rainwater can be smoothly discharged through the drainage pipe 14 additionally arranged at the moment, and the rainwater is effectively prevented from being accumulated for a long time to permeate the concrete pavement layer 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the main drain pipe 7 includes: PVC water pipe 71 and the non-woven fabrics 72 that permeates water, a plurality of holes 73 of permeating water are located on the perisporium of PVC water pipe 71, the non-woven fabrics 72 parcel PVC water pipe 71 that permeates water, PVC water pipe 71 purchase more conveniently, and is with low costs, and the infiltration can be in grit layer 3 free flow, then pass the non-woven fabrics 72 that permeate water and permeate water hole 73, flow to PVC water pipe 71 smoothly in, thereby make things convenient for the infiltration to discharge fast, the non-woven fabrics 72 that permeates water is difficult for tearing, and have the filtering action, can prevent that the hole 73 that permeates water from being blocked.
The diameter of the water permeable holes 73 is between 1.5-2.5 millimeters, the distance between the adjacent water permeable holes 73 is between 25-35 millimeters, the water permeable holes 73 with the size design are convenient for water seepage to enter the PVC water pipe 71, so that the PVC water pipe 71 has a good drainage effect, the water permeable holes 73 distributed according to the density cannot influence the structural strength of the PVC water pipe 71, and the PVC water pipe 71 is effectively prevented from being flattened by soil pressure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a first expansion joint is left between two sides of the concrete pavement layer 4 and inner side surfaces of the two rows of dam berms 5, and a first closed-cell polyethylene foam board 12 is filled in the first expansion joint. Because the concrete has the characteristics of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, in extremely cold or extremely hot weather, the first expansion joint can avoid the generation of large cracks between the two sides of the concrete slope protection surface 93 and the inner side surface of the dam stone 5, and the first polyethylene closed-cell foam board 12 has the advantages of no flowing at high temperature and no brittle fracture at low temperature, has no water absorption, has good impact resistance and weather resistance, and has good permeability resistance.
The second expansion joint is reserved between the top of the concrete slope protection surface 93 and the outer side face of the dam abutment stone 5 located on the inner side of the dam crest, and the second polyethylene closed-cell foam plate 13 is filled in the second expansion joint.
The filter screen 15 is arranged at the inlet at the higher end of the water drain pipe 14, and when excessive rainwater on the concrete pavement layer 4 is discharged through the water drain pipe 14, the filter screen 15 can filter large impurities, so that the water drain pipe 14 is effectively prevented from being blocked.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when rainwater permeates the concrete pavement layer 4 and flows to the gravel layer 3, because the waterproof layer 6 is added, the seepage water cannot continuously permeate the dam body 1, and because the gravel layer 3 is obliquely arranged from the inner side to the outer side, the seepage water in the gravel layer 3 can be accumulated at the outer side close to the dam body 1, then the seepage water can flow to the main drainage pipe 7 through the seepage water holes 73, then the seepage water in the main drainage pipe 7 can be discharged through the branch drainage pipes 8, therefore, even if more rainwater permeates the concrete pavement layer 4, the dam top structure can also ensure that the seepage water in the dam top structure can be timely discharged, so that the seepage water cannot be in the dam top structure for a long time, and the service life of the dam top structure is prolonged.
The embodiment of this specific implementation mode is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration which characterized in that includes: the dam comprises a dam body (1), a leveling layer (2), a gravel layer (3), a concrete pavement layer (4), dam berms (5), a waterproof layer (6), a main drainage pipe (7), branch drainage pipes (8), a concrete slope (9) and a plant slope (10);
the concrete slope protection is arranged on the inner side inclined plane of the dam body (1), the plant slope protection (10) is arranged on the outer side inclined plane of the dam body (1), the leveling layer (2) is arranged on the top surface of the dam body (1), the waterproof layer (6) is laid on the leveling layer (2), the gravel layer (3) is laid on the waterproof layer (6), the concrete pavement layer (4) is laid on the gravel layer (3), the dam shoulder stones (5) are arranged in two rows and are respectively positioned on two sides of the dam top, and the dam shoulder stones (5) protrude out of the upper surface of the concrete pavement layer (4);
the upper surface of screed-coat (2) gravel layer (3) are arranged by inboard towards the outside slope, main drainage pipe (7) are located lower one side in gravel layer (3), the direction of laying of main drainage pipe (7) with the direction of laying of dam abutment stone (5) is unanimous, be provided with a plurality of holes (73) of permeating water on main drainage pipe (7), main drainage pipe (7) and many the inner of branch drain pipe (8) is linked together, branch drain pipe (8) run through and are located the dam crest outside dam abutment stone (5), stretch out the outer end of branch drain pipe (8) plant bank protection (10), branch drain pipe (8) are arranged by inner towards the outside slope.
2. The dam crest structure for efficient water seepage drainage according to claim 1, wherein said main drainage pipe (7) comprises: the PVC water pipe comprises a PVC water pipe (71) and a water-permeable non-woven fabric (72), wherein a plurality of water-permeable holes (73) are formed in the peripheral wall of the PVC water pipe (71), and the PVC water pipe (71) is wrapped by the water-permeable non-woven fabric (72).
3. The dam crest structure for highly effective drainage of water according to claim 2, wherein said water-permeable holes (73) have a diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm, and the spacing between adjacent said water-permeable holes (73) is 25-35 mm.
4. The dam crest structure of claim 1, wherein said waterproof layer (6) is made of canvas.
5. The dam crest structure for efficiently discharging and permeating water according to claim 1, wherein a steel plate (11) is fixed in the dam abutment stone (5) positioned at the outer side of the dam crest in a pre-buried manner, and the branch drain pipe (8) penetrates through the center of the steel plate (11).
6. The dam crest structure for efficiently draining seepage water according to claim 1, wherein first expansion joints are reserved between two sides of the concrete pavement layer (4) and inner side surfaces of the two rows of dam berms (5), and first closed-cell polyethylene foam boards (12) are filled in the first expansion joints.
7. The dam crest structure of highly effective water seepage drainage of claim 1, wherein said concrete revetment (9) comprises: oblique screed (91), oblique metalling (92) and concrete protect domatic (93), screed (91) are located to one side the inboard inclined plane of dam body (1), lay oblique metalling (92) on the screed (91) to one side, concrete protect domatic (93) lay on the gravel layer (92) to one side.
8. The dam crest structure for efficiently draining and permeating water according to claim 7, wherein a second expansion joint is left between the top of the concrete slope protection surface (93) and the outer side surface of the dam stone (5) positioned at the inner side of the dam crest, and a second closed-cell polyethylene foam board (13) is filled in the second expansion joint.
9. The dam crest structure of high-efficiency water seepage drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that a water drainage pipe (14) is fixedly embedded in the dam stone (5), the water drainage pipe (14) is obliquely arranged, two ends of the water drainage pipe extend out of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the dam stone (5), and the higher end of the water drainage pipe (14) is close to the lower surface of the concrete pavement layer (4).
10. The dam crest structure for discharging water with high efficiency as recited in claim 9, wherein a filter screen (15) is provided at the inlet of the higher end of said water drain pipe (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922142931.6U CN211446834U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922142931.6U CN211446834U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN211446834U true CN211446834U (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201922142931.6U Active CN211446834U (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Dam crest structure of high-efficient row infiltration |
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| CN (1) | CN211446834U (en) |
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- 2019-11-29 CN CN201922142931.6U patent/CN211446834U/en active Active
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