Automatic retort of control operation
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a carbonization furnace capable of automatically controlling operation.
Background
The biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology is a biomass energy utilization technology with great development prospect, and biomass pyrolysis carbonization can be divided into three forms of low-temperature pyrolysis, medium-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature pyrolysis according to different pyrolysis carbonization temperatures.
The retort needs a large amount of fuel to provide the required heat of reaction in carrying out living beings pyrolysis carbonization or pyrolysis gasification process, consequently the retort can produce a large amount of high temperature flue gas in the course of the work, introduces the combustion chamber again with retort's flue gas among the prior art to the processing method of flue gas mostly, makes combustible gas such as carbon monoxide in the flue gas fully burn to absorb the heat that the burning produced through exhaust-heat boiler, be used for producing vapour. The drawbacks of this approach are: on one hand, the utilization of energy is single, all the energy is used for producing water vapor, the problem of overlarge vapor yield is easy to occur, and finally the energy cannot be effectively used; on the other hand, the treatment process of the device on the flue gas is only incineration, and although a part of combustible gas is removed, nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing and incombustible solid particles in the flue gas are randomly discharged into the atmosphere along with the flue gas, so that the environmental pollution is caused. In addition, the characteristics of material need be controlled at reasonable scope in view of retort self temperature, the temperature regulation and control of current retort often needs artifical supplementary, degree of automation is low, but because retort surrounding operating environment temperature is high, increase the cost of labor, and because retort's operating temperature is high, all break down easily under the high temperature condition with retort assorted equipment, if can not in time discover the dangerous condition that appears easily after breaking down, lead to equipment to damage, cause the loss of enterprises.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an automatic control running carbonization furnace, its structural design is reasonable, carry out the syllogic abundant combustion to the combustible gas that produces after the pyrolytic reaction through carbonization furnace, the flue gas that fully burns the exhaust enters exhaust-heat boiler and carries out the heat exchange, reaches emission standard after the dust remover is handled at last, the treatment effect to the carbonization furnace flue gas is better; and the interior temperature automatic control function that has of retort, can monitor the interior temperature of stove, and set up the material level alarm in retort's feed bin, can be with material control in reasonable scope, be equipped with the cooling pipeline to retort simultaneously, be favorable to temperature control, protective apparatus safety, and set up the monitoring alarm to retort's corollary equipment, can in time report to the police after breaking down and shut down, ensure that retort and other equipment can not cause bigger loss, in time remind the staff to maintain, the problem that exists among the prior art has been solved.
The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted and be: an automatically controlled operation carbonization furnace comprising:
the device comprises a carbonization furnace, wherein a feed inlet of the carbonization furnace is provided with a screw conveyor, the screw conveyor conveys materials in a material storage into the carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace is provided with a gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the gas inlet is connected with a first fan through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet is connected with a waste heat boiler through a second fan, and a gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with a dust remover through a pipeline;
the cooling unit comprises a water tank, the water tank is connected with a cooling tower, the water tank is connected with a circulating pump through a pipeline, the circulating pump is connected with a cooling water inlet of the carbonization furnace, and a cooling water outlet of the carbonization furnace is connected with the water tank through a pipeline; a cooling discharger is arranged at the position of a discharge port of the carbonization furnace, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet of the cooling discharger is connected with a circulating pump through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the cooling discharger is connected with a water tank through a pipeline;
a temperature probe is arranged in the carbonization furnace, the temperature probe is connected with a controller through a lead, and the controller is connected with a burner of the carbonization furnace through a lead; a first material meter and a second material meter which are connected with a controller through a lead are arranged in a bin of the carbonization furnace, the first material meter is arranged at the upper part in the bin, and the second material meter is arranged at the lower part in the bin;
the carbonization furnace comprises a pyrolysis chamber, a combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber and a tertiary combustion chamber which are communicated with each other, wherein four temperature monitors are respectively arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, the combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber and the tertiary combustion chamber, and the temperature monitors are connected with a controller through leads;
the spiral conveyor, the carbonization furnace, the cooling discharger, the first fan, the second fan and the circulating pump are all provided with motors, each motor is provided with a rotating speed measuring instrument, and the rotating speed measuring instruments are connected with the controller through leads.
Furthermore, the controller is connected with two first alarms through a lead, the first alarms are respectively arranged corresponding to the first material meter and the second material meter and are suitable for feeding back the position of the material lower than the second material meter or the position of the material higher than the first material meter.
Further, the controller is connected with a plurality of second alarms through wires and is correspondingly matched with the spiral conveyor, the carbonization furnace, the cooling discharger, the first fan, the second fan and the circulating pump respectively.
Further, the temperature monitor conveys the temperatures of four different positions in the carbonization furnace to the controller, and the controller is respectively connected with four temperature alarms through leads.
Further, the second fan is connected with a chimney through a pipeline, and the chimney is connected with the waste heat boiler through a pipeline.
Further, the dust remover is a filter bag dust remover.
Further, the controller is a PLC controller, and the controller is connected with the touch screen through a lead.
Furthermore, the first alarm and the second alarm are both set to be audible and visual alarms.
Further, the retort is equipped with the carbomorphism room, the lower part of carbomorphism room is established to the pyrolysis room, the upper portion of carbomorphism room is established to the combustion chamber, the interior burning material of pyrolysis room produces pyrolysis gas, and pyrolysis gas rises to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber burns pyrolysis gas, the thermal radiation that the combustion chamber was burnt and is produced feeds back to in the pyrolysis room, makes the material take place the carbomorphism.
Further, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber is controlled to be in the range of 780 ℃ to 820 ℃, and the temperature of the temperature probe is set to be 600 ℃.
The utility model adopts the above structure has the advantages that the structure design is reasonable, the combustible gas generated after the pyrolysis reaction is fully combusted in a three-section way through the carbonization furnace, the flue gas discharged by the full combustion enters the waste heat boiler for heat exchange, and finally the flue gas reaches the emission standard after being treated by the dust remover, so that the treatment effect on the flue gas of the carbonization furnace is better; and the interior temperature automatic control function that has of retort can monitor the interior temperature of stove to set up the material level alarm in retort's feed bin, can be with material control in reasonable scope, be equipped with the cooling line to retort simultaneously, be favorable to temperature control, protective apparatus safety, and set up the monitoring and report to the police to retort's corollary equipment, can in time report to the police after breaking down and shut down, ensure that retort and other equipment can not cause bigger loss, in time remind the staff to maintain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbonization furnace part of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis process of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a carbonization furnace; 101. a pyrolysis chamber; 102. a combustion chamber; 103. a second combustion chamber; 104. a third combustion chamber; 2. a screw conveyor; 3. an air inlet; 4. a flue gas outlet; 5. a first fan; 6. a second fan; 7. a waste heat boiler; 8. a dust remover; 9. a water tank; 10. a cooling tower; 11. a circulation pump; 12. a cooling discharging device; 13. a temperature probe; 14. a first material meter; 15. a second material meter; 16. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In addition, in the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an automatic operation control carbonization furnace comprises a carbonization furnace 1, a feed inlet of the carbonization furnace is provided with a screw conveyor 2, the screw conveyor 2 conveys materials in a material storage into the carbonization furnace 1, the carbonization furnace 1 is provided with a gas inlet 3 and a flue gas outlet 4, the gas inlet 3 is connected with a first fan 5 through a pipeline, the flue gas outlet 4 is connected with a waste heat boiler 7 through a second fan 6, and a gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 7 is connected with a dust remover 8 through a pipeline; the cooling unit comprises a water tank 9, the water tank 9 is connected with a cooling tower 10, the water tank 9 is connected with a circulating pump 11 through a pipeline, the circulating pump 11 is connected with a cooling water inlet of the carbonization furnace 1, and a cooling water outlet of the carbonization furnace 1 is connected with the water tank 9 through a pipeline; a cooling discharger 12 is arranged at the discharge port of the carbonization furnace 1, the cooling discharger 12 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet of the cooling discharger 12 is connected with the circulating pump 11 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the cooling discharger 12 is connected with the water tank 9 through a pipeline; a temperature probe 13 is arranged in the carbonization furnace 1, the temperature probe 13 is connected with a controller through a lead, and the controller is connected with a burner of the carbonization furnace 1 through a lead; a first material meter 14 and a second material meter 15 which are connected with a controller through a lead are arranged in a storage bin of the carbonization furnace 1, the first material meter 14 is arranged at the upper part in the storage bin, and the second material meter 15 is arranged at the lower part in the storage bin; the carbonization furnace 1 comprises a pyrolysis chamber 101, a combustion chamber 102, a secondary combustion chamber 103 and a tertiary combustion chamber 104 which are communicated with each other, four temperature monitors are respectively arranged in the pyrolysis chamber 101, the combustion chamber 102, the secondary combustion chamber 103 and the tertiary combustion chamber 104, and the temperature monitors are connected with a controller through leads; the spiral conveyor 2, the carbonization furnace 1, the cooling discharger 12, the first fan 5, the second fan 6 and the circulating pump 11 are all provided with motors, each motor is provided with a rotating speed measuring instrument, and the rotating speed measuring instruments are connected with a controller through leads. When the device is used, combustible gas generated after pyrolysis reaction is fully combusted in a three-section mode through the carbonization furnace 1, so that the pyrolysis gas sequentially passes through the combustion chamber 102, the secondary combustion chamber 103 and the tertiary combustion chamber 104, flue gas discharged by full combustion enters the waste heat boiler 7 for heat exchange, and finally the flue gas is treated by the dust remover 8 to reach the emission standard, and the treatment effect on the flue gas of the carbonization furnace is good; and the retort 1 has the automatic temperature control function in, can monitor the interior temperature of stove, and set up first material meter 14 and second material meter 15 in retort 1's feed bin, can be through the height of first material meter 14 and second material meter 15 real-time detection retort 1 interior material, after the material is less than the minimum or is higher than the maximum value, the controller can automatic control auger delivery ware 2 carry out the pay-off or control the conveyer in retort 1 and carry out the pay-off, can control the material in reasonable scope at all times, be equipped with the cooling line to the retort simultaneously, be favorable to temperature control, the safety of protection equipment, and set up monitoring alarm to retort 1's corollary equipment, can in time report to the police after breaking down, guarantee that retort 1 and other equipment can not cause bigger loss, in time remind the staff to maintain.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller is connected with two first alarms through leads, the first alarms are respectively arranged corresponding to the first material meter 14 and the second material meter 15 and are suitable for feeding back the position that the material is lower than the second material meter 15 or the position that the material is higher than the first material meter 14. When the material is below the minimum or above the maximum, the controller can alarm through the first alarm 17.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller is connected with a plurality of second alarms through leads and is respectively matched with the screw conveyor 2, the carbonization furnace 1, the cooling discharging device 12, the first fan 5, the second fan 6 and the circulating pump 11 correspondingly.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature monitors convey the temperatures of four different positions in the carbonization furnace to the controller, and the controller is respectively connected with the four temperature alarms through leads.
In the preferred embodiment, the second fan 6 is connected via a line to a chimney 16, and the chimney 16 is connected via a line to the waste heat boiler 7.
In the preferred embodiment, the dust separator 8 is a bag filter.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller is a PLC controller, and the controller is connected to the touch screen via a wire.
In a preferred embodiment, the first alarm and the second alarm are both configured as audible and visual alarms. Interference factors such as noise of a production workshop and the like are considered, and workers can be better prompted through the audible and visual alarm.
In a preferred embodiment, the carbonization furnace 1 is provided with a carbonization chamber, the lower part of the carbonization chamber is provided with a pyrolysis chamber 101, the upper part of the carbonization chamber is provided with a combustion chamber 102, the material is combusted in the pyrolysis chamber 101 to generate pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas rises to the combustion chamber 102, the combustion chamber 102 combusts the pyrolysis gas, and the heat radiation generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 102 is fed back to the pyrolysis chamber 101 to carbonize the material.
In a preferred embodiment, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 101 is controlled in a range of 780 ℃ to 820 ℃, the temperature of the temperature probe is set to 600 ℃, and the operation of the combustion engine is controlled by the controller after the temperature probe detects that the temperature reaches 600 ℃.
The above-mentioned specific embodiments can not be regarded as the restriction to the scope of protection of the utility model, to technical personnel in this technical field, it is right the utility model discloses any replacement improvement or transform that embodiment made all fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
The parts of the present invention not described in detail are the known techniques of those skilled in the art.