CN211426959U - 2D/3D switching display device - Google Patents
2D/3D switching display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211426959U CN211426959U CN202020265199.1U CN202020265199U CN211426959U CN 211426959 U CN211426959 U CN 211426959U CN 202020265199 U CN202020265199 U CN 202020265199U CN 211426959 U CN211426959 U CN 211426959U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses 2D 3D switches display device. The display device comprises a first lens array holographic optical element, a three-dimensional image projector, a two-dimensional image projector, a 2D/3D switching module and a holographic interference information recording unit; the 2D/3D switching module can switch between a transparent state and a white state; in a 3D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a transparent state, the holographic interference information recording unit records holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element, and the three-dimensional image projector projects light waves to the first lens array holographic optical element and forms a three-dimensional image; in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a white state, and the two-dimensional image projector projects a two-dimensional image to the first lens array holographic optical element. The embodiment of the utility model provides a solve the problem that current 2D 3D conversion display shows luminance and reduces, can guarantee two-dimensional image and three-dimensional image display luminance, improve the definition of image.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to and show technical field, especially relate to a 2D 3D switches display device.
Background
At present, the 2D/3D conversion display is usually realized by using a liquid crystal lens type display technology, and the structure thereof is composed of a flat panel display and a liquid crystal lens panel, and the liquid crystal lens panel can realize the switching between two states of a lens array and a transparent display. Specifically, liquid crystal molecules in different positions in the liquid crystal lens panel can deflect at different angles through control of an electric signal, so that light in a certain polarization state forms certain refractive index distribution, the optical refraction effect of the cylindrical lens can be simulated, a left parallax image and a right parallax image of the flat panel display are refracted to the left eye and the right eye of a person through the cylindrical lens respectively, a 3D (three-dimensional) image is presented in the brain of the person, and three-dimensional display is achieved. When the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal lens panel are controlled by electric signals without deflection, human eyes can directly observe a two-dimensional picture displayed by the flat panel display, thereby realizing two-dimensional display.
Although the 2D/3D conversion display realizes 2D/3D conversion, the brightness of a display screen is reduced to some extent due to the deflection of light rays by the liquid crystal lens panel in the 3D display mode, resulting in a reduction in image definition.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a 2D 3D switches display device to when realizing that 2D 3D shows that the mode switches, avoid showing the picture to 2D 3D and produce the influence, help improving the demonstration picture quality that 2D 3D shows.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 2D/3D switching display device, including a first lens array holographic optical element, a three-dimensional image projector, a two-dimensional image projector, a 2D/3D switching module, and a holographic interference information recording unit;
the three-dimensional image projector and the two-dimensional image projector face the first lens array holographic optical element, the 2D/3D switching module is arranged on the surface of the first lens array holographic optical element, which faces away from the three-dimensional image projector and the two-dimensional image projector, and the 2D/3D switching module can realize the switching between a transparent state and a white state; the holographic interference information recording unit is electrically connected with the first lens array holographic optical element;
in a 3D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a transparent state, the holographic interference information recording unit records holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element, the three-dimensional image projector projects an optical wave to the first lens array holographic optical element, and the optical wave and the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element meet a Bragg diffraction condition and form a three-dimensional image;
in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a white state, and the two-dimensional image projector projects a two-dimensional image to the first lens array holographic optical element.
Further, the 2D/3D switching module comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film; the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film comprises a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent electrode layer and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer arranged between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, the refractive indexes of liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer are consistent with that of a polymer, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, the refractive indexes of liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the polymer are not consistent, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film is in a white state.
Furthermore, the 2D/3D switching module comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal film; the cholesteric liquid crystal film comprises a third transparent electrode layer, a fourth transparent electrode layer and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer arranged between the third transparent electrode layer and the fourth transparent electrode layer, and further comprises a first polarizer and a second polarizer, wherein the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are mutually vertical, the first polarizer is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, of the third transparent electrode layer, and the second polarizer is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, of the fourth transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer are in a plane texture, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer are in a focal conic structure, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film is in a white state.
Further, the 2D/3D switching module comprises a polymer network liquid crystal film; the polymer network liquid crystal film comprises a fifth transparent electrode layer, a sixth transparent electrode layer and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer arranged between the fifth transparent electrode layer and the sixth transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, the director of each liquid crystal domain in the polymer network liquid crystal layer is uniform, and the polymer network liquid crystal film is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, directors of all liquid crystal domains in the polymer network liquid crystal layer are randomly distributed, and the polymer network liquid crystal film is in a white state.
Furthermore, the 2D/3D switching module comprises an electronic ink screen; the electronic ink screen comprises a seventh transparent electrode layer, an eighth transparent electrode layer and a plurality of microcapsules arranged between the seventh transparent electrode layer and the eighth transparent electrode layer, wherein white particles which are respectively positively charged and negatively charged are arranged in the microcapsules; the seventh transparent electrode layer is positioned between the eighth transparent electrode layer and the first lens array holographic optical element;
in a 3D display mode, the white particles with positive charges and the white particles with negative charges in the microcapsules are adsorbed on the eighth transparent electrode layer, and the electronic ink screen is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, the white particles with positive charge or the white particles with negative charge in the microcapsule are adsorbed on the seventh transparent electrode layer, and the electronic ink screen is in a white state.
Further, the orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element is located covers the first lens array holographic optical element;
the orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element is located is that the area beyond the first lens array holographic optical element is a first area, and at least the first area of the 2D/3D switching module is provided with a second lens array holographic optical element;
the second lens array holographic optical element is electrically connected with the holographic interference information recording unit;
in the 3D display mode, the holographic interference information recording unit records holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element, and the three-dimensional image projector projects a light wave to the second lens array holographic optical element, the light wave and the holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element satisfying a bragg diffraction condition and forming a three-dimensional image.
Further, in the direction from the center to the edge area, the 2D/3D switching module of at least the first area gradually inclines or bends toward the side away from the first lens array holographic optical element.
Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module in the first area on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element is located on one side or two sides of the first lens array holographic optical element in the transverse viewing angle direction.
Further, the three-dimensional image projector comprises a laser, and a first lens, a second lens, a digital micromirror device, a third lens, a filter and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the laser;
the image space focal plane of the first lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the second lens;
the image space focal plane of the third lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the fourth lens, the filter is located on the image space focal plane of the third lens, a focal region formed on the image space focal plane by the parallel light rays emitted by the laser through the third lens is a second region, and the filter is provided with a light shielding region which at least partially coincides with the second region.
Further, the focal length of the first lens is smaller than the focal length of the second lens; the focal lengths of the third lens and the fourth lens are equal.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D 3D switches display device, through setting up first lens array holographic optical element, two-dimensional image projector, three-dimensional image projector, 2D 3D switches module and holographic interference information input unit, under 3D shows the mode, switch 2D 3D and switch the module and be transparent state, utilize holographic interference information input unit to input holographic image information on first lens array holographic optical element, three-dimensional image projector throws the light wave to first lens array holographic optical element, the light wave produces the diffraction and forms three-dimensional image with the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element; and in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is switched to be in a white state, and a two-dimensional image is formed by projecting the two-dimensional image to the first lens array holographic optical element by using the two-dimensional image projector, so that the switching of the 2D/3D display mode is finally realized. The embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D 3D switches display device, not only can accomplish the switching of 2D 3D display mode, liquid crystal lens panel has still been got rid of, the problem of the reduction of the demonstration luminance that leads to because liquid crystal lens panel deflects light in having solved current 2D 3D conversion display, make the user can directly watch two-dimensional image and three-dimensional image, the demonstration luminance of having guaranteed two-dimensional image and three-dimensional image is favorable to improving the definition of image.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2D/3D switching display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional image projector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein 10-first lens array holographic optical element, 20-two-dimensional image projector, 30-three-dimensional image projector, 31-laser, 321-first lens, 322-second lens, 323-third lens, 324-fourth lens, 33-digital micro-mirror device, 34-optical filter, 340-light-shielding region, 40-2D/3D switching module, 41-polymer dispersed liquid crystal film, 411-first transparent electrode layer, 412-second transparent electrode layer, 413-polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, 42-cholesteric liquid crystal film, 421-third transparent electrode layer, 422-fourth transparent electrode layer, 423-cholesteric liquid crystal layer, 4231-cholesteric liquid crystal molecule, 424-first polarizer, 425-second polarizer, 43-polymer network liquid crystal film, 431-fifth transparent electrode layer, 432-sixth transparent electrode layer, 433-polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, 4331-liquid crystal domain, 44-electronic ink screen, 441-seventh transparent electrode layer, 442-eighth transparent electrode layer, 443-microcapsule, 4431-white particle, 45-second lens array holographic optical element, 50-holographic interference information recording unit, 100-first region.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2D/3D switching display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the 2D/3D switching display device includes a first lens array holographic optical element 10, a two-dimensional image projector 20, a three-dimensional image projector 30, a 2D/3D switching module 40, and a holographic interference information recording unit 50; the two-dimensional image projector 20 and the three-dimensional image projector 30 face the first lens array holographic optical element 10, the 2D/3D switching module 40 is arranged on the surface of the first lens array holographic optical element 10 opposite to the two-dimensional image projector 20 and the three-dimensional image projector 30, and the 2D/3D switching module 40 can realize the switching between the transparent state and the white state; the holographic interference information recording unit 50 is electrically connected to the first lens array holographic optical element 10.
In the 3D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module 40 is in a transparent state, the holographic interference information recording unit 50 records holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element 10, the three-dimensional image projector 30 projects a light wave to the first lens array holographic optical element 10, and the light wave and the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element 10 satisfy a bragg diffraction condition and form a three-dimensional image; in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a white state, and the two-dimensional image projector 20 projects a two-dimensional image onto the first lens array holographic optical element 10.
Wherein the formation of the three-dimensional image by the first lens array holographic optical element 10 is realized according to the holographic display principle. The holographic display principle and the principle of the first lens array holographic optical element to realize three-dimensional display will be briefly described below. The holographic display process records specific light waves emitted by an object in the form of interference fringes, so that all information of the wavefront of the object light is stored on a recording medium, and the recorded interference fringe pattern is called a 'hologram'. When the coherent light wave is used to illuminate the 'hologram', the original light wave can be reproduced by the diffraction principle, so that the observer can observe a vivid three-dimensional image of the original object behind the 'hologram'. The holographic display process comprises two steps, wherein the first step is wave front recording, and the process uses the interference principle of light to record light waves emitted by an object in interference fringes to form holographic image information; the second step is wave front reappearing, namely the coherent light wave irradiates the interference fringe with the holographic image information, and forms light diffraction after the interference fringe, thereby being capable of reappearing the light wave of the original object by utilizing the holographic image information and forming a three-dimensional image which is lifelike to the original object.
The first lens array holographic optical element 10 is composed of lenses arranged in an array and a holographic optical element, wherein the holographic optical element is formed by applying a holographic film material on a transparent glass substrate and tightly attaching the holographic film material to the convex surface of the lens array. The holographic optical element is an optical element manufactured according to the holography principle, and is generally manufactured on a photosensitive film material, and the holographic optical element can record interference information of a three-dimensional image through a holographic interference information recording unit 50. When the first lens array holographic optical element 10 realizes three-dimensional image display, the holographic interference information recording unit 50 is first required to record interference information of a three-dimensional image to be displayed, at this time, the three-dimensional image projector 30 projects a coherent light wave, and the 2D/3D switching module 40 disposed behind the first lens array holographic optical element 10 is switched to a transparent state, that is, the coherent light wave projected by the three-dimensional image projector 30 passes through interference fringe information, which is holographic image information, on the first lens array holographic optical element 10, and then light is diffracted, so that a three-dimensional image is formed. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the coherent light wave projected by the three-dimensional image projector 30 can be diffracted from the interference fringes on the first lens array holographic optical element 10, the projection angle and wavelength of the coherent light wave need to be set to satisfy the bragg diffraction condition of the interference fringes.
Introduced above the embodiment of the utility model provides a theory of operation and working process under 3D display mode are switched to 2D 3D that the embodiment provided, introduce theory of operation and working process under 2D display mode to this 2D 3D switches display device below. Firstly, the two-dimensional image projector 20 is used for direct projection to form a two-dimensional image, and on this basis, the first lens array holographic optical element 10 and the 2D/3D switching module 40 need to meet the requirement of the projection screen, that is, at this time, interference fringes are no longer recorded on the holographic optical element on the first lens array holographic optical element 10, and the holographic optical element is in a transparent state, and at the same time, the 2D/3D switching module 40 is switched to a white state, so that light transmitted by the two-dimensional image projector 20 can be better reflected diffusely, and a user can view the two-dimensional image in front of the first lens array holographic optical element 10.
In the 2D/3D switching display device, when performing 2D/3D switching display, it is necessary to switch between the projection of the 2D image and the 3D image by the two-dimensional image projector and the three-dimensional image projector, and to switch between and cooperate the first lens array hologram optical element 10 and the 2D/3D switching module 40. Wherein, 2D 3D switches module 40 and switches into the white attitude under 2D display mode and has guaranteed the normal demonstration of two-dimensional image, has realized the switching that three-dimensional image shows to two-dimensional image display.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D 3D switches display device, through setting up first lens array holographic optical element, two-dimensional image projector, three-dimensional image projector, 2D 3D switches module and holographic interference information input unit, under 3D shows the mode, switch 2D 3D and switch the module and be transparent state, utilize holographic interference information input unit to input holographic image information on first lens array holographic optical element, three-dimensional image projector throws the light wave to first lens array holographic optical element, the light wave produces the diffraction and forms three-dimensional image with the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element; and in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is switched to be in a white state, and a two-dimensional image is formed by projecting the two-dimensional image to the first lens array holographic optical element by using the two-dimensional image projector, so that the switching of the 2D/3D display mode is finally realized. The embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D 3D switches display device, not only can accomplish the switching of 2D 3D display mode, liquid crystal lens panel has still been got rid of, the problem of the reduction of the demonstration luminance that leads to because liquid crystal lens panel deflects light in having solved current 2D 3D conversion display, make the user can directly watch two-dimensional image and three-dimensional image, the demonstration luminance of having guaranteed two-dimensional image and three-dimensional image is favorable to improving the definition of image.
Specifically, the utility model discloses to foretell 2D 3D switches 2D among the display device switches 3D switch module, provide multiple concrete implementation mode. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, optionally, in the 2D/3D switching display device, the 2D/3D switching module includes a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film 41; the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film 41 includes a first transparent electrode layer 411, a second transparent electrode layer 412, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 disposed between the first transparent electrode layer 411 and the second transparent electrode layer 412.
In the 3D display mode, the liquid crystal molecules 4131 and 4132 in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 have the same refractive index, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film is transparent; in the 2D display mode, the liquid crystal molecules 4131 and 4132 in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 do not have the same refractive index, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film is in a white state.
The Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) is a composite film formed by mixing a prepolymer and a nematic liquid crystal according to a certain proportion, precipitating the liquid crystal from a Polymer to form microdroplets by adopting a phase separation method, and curing the Polymer to wrap liquid crystal molecules in the microdroplets. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film 41 may be driven to orient liquid crystal molecules therein by applying a voltage to the first transparent electrode layer 411 and the second transparent electrode layer 412. The following describes the switching process of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film: when electricity is applied to the first transparent electrode layer 411 and the second transparent electrode layer 412, the director of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 is parallel to the electric field direction, and the ordinary ray refractive index n of the liquid crystal moleculeseRefractive index n with polymerpApproximately equal, the refractive indices of the two are matched, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 is transparent; after the voltages applied to the first transparent electrode layer 411 and the second transparent electrode layer 412 are removed, the directors of the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 are randomly distributed, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules is mismatched with that of the polymer, at this time, the light incident on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 is scattered, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 413 is in an opaque milky white state. Thus, when the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode are switched, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film 41 can be driven to switch between the transparent state and the white state by applying and removing a voltage to and from the first transparent electrode layer 411 and the second transparent electrode layer 412 in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film 41, so that the 2D/3D switching display device can be switched between the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, optionally, in the 2D/3D switching display device, the 2D/3D switching module includes a cholesteric liquid crystal film 42; the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 comprises a third transparent electrode layer 421, a fourth transparent electrode layer 422 and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 arranged between the third transparent electrode layer 421 and the fourth transparent electrode layer 422, the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 further comprises a first polarizer 424 and a second polarizer 425, transmission axes of the first polarizer 424 and the second polarizer 425 are perpendicular to each other, the first polarizer 424 is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423, of the third transparent electrode layer 421, and the second polarizer 425 is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423, of the fourth transparent electrode layer 422;
in the 3D display mode, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 are in a planar texture, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 is in a transparent state; in the 2D display mode, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 are in a focal conic structure, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 is in a white state.
The cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 have a layered molecular arrangement structure, the layers are parallel to each other, the molecules are slender, the long axis is oriented along a certain preferential direction, the orientations of the molecules of the two adjacent layers are different and generally differ by about 15 degrees, and the preferential direction orientation is spirally rotated along a spiral axis (optical axis direction) in space. The special spiral structure enables the cholesteric crystal to have obvious optical rotation, dichroism of circularly polarized light and selective Bragg reflection. The cholesteric liquid crystal has obvious phase change effect and is characterized by bistable property between 5V and 17V, and the two states are a milky white state with focal conic texture and a nematic transparent state respectively. The bistable state exists in a non-zero electric field bistable state interval. In the initial state of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423, liquid crystal molecules are in a planar texture, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a spiral structure, and the polarization state of incident light is rotated by 90 ° from the liquid crystal molecules in the spiral structure. After voltage (about 5V) is applied, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules form a focal conic texture. After the electric field is removed, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules still keep a focal conic texture, and at the moment, incident light is scattered by the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 is in an opaque milky white state. After the voltage is increased to about 17V, the focal conic texture is disintegrated, and the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules face to the direction of the electric field and are in a nematic texture. And the plane texture can be recovered after the high pressure inducing the nematic phase is instantaneously removed.
By applying an instantaneous pulse (about 5V) to the third transparent electrode layer 421 and the fourth transparent electrode layer 422, an electric field is formed between the third transparent electrode layer 421 and the fourth transparent electrode layer 422 and is loaded on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423, at the moment, the cholesteric liquid crystal is changed into a focal conic structure and generates scattering, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 is in an opaque milky white state; when a higher electric field is applied to the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 through the third transparent electrode layer 421 and the fourth transparent electrode layer 422, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 423 exhibit a nematic structure, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 recover a planar texture after the electric field is removed, the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules 4231 are arranged in a spiral structure, the polarization state of incident light is deflected by 90 degrees, the incident light transmits the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 on the basis of the first polarizer 424 and the second polarizer 425, the transmission axes of which are perpendicular to each other, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 is in a transparent state. Similarly, when the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode are switched, the cholesteric liquid crystal can be driven to switch under the bistable state by adjusting the voltages loaded on the third transparent electrode layer 421 and the fourth transparent electrode layer 422 in the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42, that is, the cholesteric liquid crystal film 42 realizes the switching between the transparent state and the white state, thereby realizing the switching between the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode of the 2D/3D switching display device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, optionally, in the 2D/3D switching display device, the 2D/3D switching module includes a polymer network liquid crystal film 43; the polymer network liquid crystal film 43 includes a fifth transparent electrode layer 431, a sixth transparent electrode layer 432, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 433 disposed between the fifth transparent electrode layer 431 and the sixth transparent electrode layer 432;
in the 3D display mode, the directors of the liquid crystal domains 4331 in the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 are uniform, and the polymer network liquid crystal film 43 is in a transparent state; in the 2D display mode, the directors of the liquid crystal domains 4331 in the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 are randomly distributed, and the polymer network liquid crystal film 43 is in a white state.
Wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is prepared by dispersing liquid crystal molecules in a polymer matrix in micron-sized droplets by a certain method. In the case of Polymer Network Liquid Crystal (PNLC), the Liquid Crystal exists in a continuous phase by a certain method, and the Polymer is distributed in the Liquid Crystal in a Network texture. For example, polymer network liquid crystal can be realized by increasing the specific gravity of the liquid crystal in the composite film, wherein the specific gravity of the liquid crystal molecules needs to reach more than 80% of the composite film. The PNLC film reserves the advantages of high brightness, large area, no need of an orientation layer and the like of the PDLC film, compared with the PDLC film, the polymer network structure of the PNLC film greatly reduces the interface interaction between the polymer and the liquid crystal molecules, and the PNLC film can have lower driving voltage.
The working principle of the PNLC film is as follows: applying a voltage to the fifth transparent electrode layer 431 and the sixth transparent electrode layer 432, wherein liquid crystal molecules in the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 are driven by an electric field, and directors of the liquid crystal domains 4331 are arranged into a single domain state along the electric field, and for incident light, the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 is a medium with a uniform refractive index and thus is in a transparent state; after the voltages on the fifth transparent electrode layer 431 and the sixth transparent electrode layer 432 are removed, the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 exist in a multi-domain state in the network, the distribution of the director of each liquid crystal domain 4331 is random, and the incident light is scattered at the interface between the domains due to the discontinuous change of the refractive index, so that the polymer network liquid crystal layer 433 is in an opaque white state. Similarly, when the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode are switched, the polymer network liquid crystal film 43 can be driven to switch between the transparent state and the white state by applying or removing a voltage to or from the fifth transparent electrode layer 431 and the sixth transparent electrode layer 432 in the polymer network liquid crystal film 43, so that the 2D/3D switching display device can be switched between the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, optionally, in the 2D/3D switching display device, the 2D/3D switching module includes an electronic ink screen 44; the electronic ink screen 44 includes a seventh transparent electrode layer 441, an eighth transparent electrode layer 442, and a plurality of microcapsules 443 disposed between the seventh transparent electrode layer 441 and the eighth transparent electrode layer 442, the microcapsules 443 having positively and negatively charged white particles 4431 disposed therein, respectively; the seventh transparent electrode layer 441 is positioned between the eighth transparent electrode layer 442 and the first lens array hologram optical element (not shown in the drawings);
in the 3D display mode, the positively charged white particles and the negatively charged white particles 4431 in the microcapsule 443 are adsorbed on the eighth transparent electrode layer 442, and the electronic ink screen 44 is in a transparent state; in the 2D display mode, the positively charged white particles 443 or the negatively charged white particles 443 of the microcapsule 443 are adsorbed on the seventh transparent electrode layer 441, and the electronic ink screen 44 is in a white state.
Among them, the microcapsules 443 in the electronic ink screen 44 are a mixture of dye and pigment chips as they encapsulate the positively and negatively charged white particles 4431, and these fine particles can be charged. By adjusting the charges on the seventh transparent electrode layer 441 and the eighth transparent electrode layer 442, adsorption of the white particles 4431 having positive charges or negative charges can be achieved. Specifically, after electricity is applied to the seventh transparent electrode layer 441 and the eighth transparent electrode layer 442, the white particles 4431 may be orderly arranged and adsorbed on the electrodes, and the electronic ink screen 44 is in a white state. After removing the charges on the electrode layer, the white particles 4431 are randomly distributed, and the electronic ink screen 44 is in a transparent state. When the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode are switched, the seventh transparent electrode layer 441 and the eighth transparent electrode layer 442 in the electronic ink screen 44 are powered on, so that the transparent state and the white state of the electronic ink screen 44 can be switched, and the 2D/3D switching display device can be switched between the 3D display mode and the 2D display mode.
It should be noted that the state switching of the electronic ink screen 44 only needs to be powered up in the switching process, and power supply is not needed in the display state, and in addition, the electronic ink screen 44 can be prepared by printing the electronic ink on the back surface of the first lens array holographic optical element through a printing process, and can also be printed by using the existing screen printing process, so that the 2D/3D switching module of the electronic ink screen 44 is adopted, the power consumption of 2D/3D switching display is lower, and the preparation process is mature and simple.
Further, in order to improve the visible area of this 2D/3D switches display device, the embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D/3D switches display device is still provided. Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a 2D/3D switching display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, in the 2D/3D switching display device, an orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module 40 on a plane where the first lens array hologram optical element 10 is located covers the first lens array hologram optical element 10.
The orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module 40 on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element 10 is located is that the area beyond the first lens array holographic optical element 10 is a first area 100, and at least the first area 100 of the 2D/3D switching module is provided with a second lens array holographic optical element 45; the second lens array holographic optical element 45 is electrically connected to the holographic interference information recording unit 50.
In the 3D display mode, the holographic interference information recording unit 50 records holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element 45, and the three-dimensional image projector 30 projects a light wave to the second lens array holographic optical element 45, the light wave and the holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element 45 satisfying the bragg diffraction condition and forming a three-dimensional image.
Wherein the first region 100 is substantially the peripheral region of the 2D/3D switching module 40 beyond the first lens array holographic optical element 10, the three-dimensional image projector 30 can transmit the coherent light waves to the peripheral region of the 2D/3D switching module 40. In the 3D display mode, when the three-dimensional image formed by the first lens array hologram optical element 10 is viewed from the side of the three-dimensional image projector 30, there is a certain visible range beyond which the user cannot see the three-dimensional image. By providing the second lens array hologram optical element 45 in at least the peripheral region of the 2D/3D switching module 40, a three-dimensional image can be formed outside the original visible range using the same three-dimensional imaging principle as the first lens array hologram optical element 10. Moreover, by reasonably recording holographic image information related to the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element 10 on the second lens array holographic optical element 45, splicing continuity of two three-dimensional images can be realized, namely, the three-dimensional image formed on the second lens array holographic optical element 45 is connected with the edge of the three-dimensional image formed on the first lens array holographic optical element 10, so that the area of the three-dimensional image of the 2D/3D switching display device is enlarged, and the visible range is increased.
Alternatively, with continued reference to fig. 6, the 2D/3D switching module of the first area 100, which is orthographic projected on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element 10 is located, is located on one side or both sides of the first lens array holographic optical element 10 in the transverse viewing angle direction. At this time, the second lens array hologram optical element 45 is located at the left rear side and/or the right rear side of the first lens array hologram optical element 10, so that the three-dimensional image formed by the first lens array hologram optical element 10 can be expanded from the lateral direction.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the 2D/3D switching module of at least the first area may be gradually inclined or curved to a side away from the first lens array holographic optical element along a direction from the center to the edge area in the 2D/3D switching display device. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another 2D/3D switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, in the 2D/3D switching module, in a direction from the center toward the edge region, the 2D/3D switching module 40 of at least the first region 100 is gradually inclined toward a side away from the first lens array holographic optical element 10.
At this time, the second lens array hologram element 45 located at the periphery of the 2D/3D switching module 40 is substantially in a backward tilted state or a backward curved state, where the backward direction is directed away from the first lens array hologram element 10. Thus, the light rays incident on the second lens array hologram optical element 45 of the peripheral area form a three-dimensional image, which can be understood as being reflected on the surface of the second lens array hologram optical element 45 and incident into the eye of the observer, and in the case where the peripheral second lens array hologram optical element 45 is in a backward inclined or curved state, the reflection angle of the light rays thereof is increased, so that the visible range on the three-dimensional image projector 30 side is significantly increased.
Above embodiment provides the specific embodiment who relates to the structure that realizes 2D 3D switching display among the 2D 3D switching display device, on this basis, in order to guarantee under the 3D display mode, three-dimensional image's imaging quality, the embodiment of the utility model provides a 2D 3D switching display device is still provided. In the 2D/3D switching display device, the three-dimensional image projector comprises a laser, and a first lens, a second lens, a digital micromirror device, a third lens, a filter and a fourth lens which are sequentially positioned on an emergent light path of the laser; the image space focal plane of the first lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the second lens; the image space focal plane of the third lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the fourth lens, the filter is located on the image space focal plane of the third lens, a focal region formed on the image space focal plane by parallel rays emitted by the laser through the third lens is a second region, and the filter is provided with a shading region which at least partially coincides with the second region.
The structure and the operation of the three-dimensional image projector will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional image projector according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, specifically, the three-dimensional image projector includes a laser 31, and a first lens 321, a second lens 322, a dmd 33, a third lens 323, a filter 34, and a fourth lens 324 sequentially located on an exit optical path of the laser 31; the image-side focal plane of the first lens 321 coincides with the object-side focal plane of the second lens 322; the image focal plane of the third lens 323 coincides with the object focal plane of the fourth lens 324, the filter 34 is located on the image focal plane of the third lens 323, a focal region of the parallel light emitted from the laser 31 on the image focal plane through the third lens 323 is a second region (not shown), the filter 34 is provided with a light shielding region 340, and the light shielding region 340 at least partially coincides with the second region.
It is understood that in the three-dimensional image projector shown in the figure, the laser 31 is responsible for providing a light source, i.e. providing a parallel light beam, the first lens 321 and the second lens 322 can achieve collimation of the parallel light beam by matching the focal length and the focal plane, the digital micro-mirror device 33 is used for modulating the parallel light beam by the diffraction principle to form a holographic image, and meanwhile, the digital micro-mirror device 33 can construct a time division reconstruction system to perform high-speed time sequential reconstruction on the original image by time-sharing the original image and the holographic image corresponding to the time-shared original image. The method realizes the amplification of the reproduced image on the premise of ensuring the image quality. However, in the process of magnifying an image by the digital micro-mirror device 33, there may be light reflection caused by the structure of the digital micro-mirror device 33 itself, and thus there may be an image of the digital micro-mirror device 33 on a three-dimensional image, resulting in contamination of the projected three-dimensional image. The third lens 323 can be used to focus the parallel light beam from the dmd 33 by disposing the third lens 323, the filter 34 and the fourth lens 324 on the modulated light beam path of the dmd 33, and the filter 34 can block part of the light beam from the dmd 33 by disposing the light blocking region 340 thereon. Specifically, among the light beams from the dmd 33, the diffracted light beams modulated by the diffraction principle of the dmd 33 are not blocked by the light-blocking region 340, and therefore are transmitted by the light-blocking region 340, while the reflected light beams from the structure of the dmd 33 are blocked by the light-blocking region 340, and then are collimated and amplified by the fourth lens 324, the image formed on the projection screen only includes the three-dimensional image modulated by the dmd 33, and the image formed by the reflection from the structure of the dmd 33 is removed, so that the imaging of the three-dimensional image projector is optimized, and the imaging quality of the three-dimensional image is ensured.
Further, referring to fig. 8, since the diameter of the outgoing beam of the laser 31 is small, in order to ensure the imaging area on the projection screen, the outgoing beam needs to be expanded, and optionally, the focal length of the first lens 321 may be set smaller than that of the second lens 322; the focal lengths of the third lens 323 and the fourth lens 324 are equal. At this time, after the parallel light beams pass through the first lens 321 and the second lens 322, the collimating and beam expanding functions can be completed, and under the condition that the focal lengths of the third lens 323 and the fourth lens 324 are equal, the third lens 323 and the fourth lens 324 do not affect the beam width.
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The 2D/3D switching display device is characterized by comprising a first lens array holographic optical element, a three-dimensional image projector, a two-dimensional image projector, a 2D/3D switching module and a holographic interference information recording unit;
the three-dimensional image projector and the two-dimensional image projector face the first lens array holographic optical element, the 2D/3D switching module is arranged on the surface of the first lens array holographic optical element, which faces away from the three-dimensional image projector and the two-dimensional image projector, and the 2D/3D switching module can realize the switching between a transparent state and a white state; the holographic interference information recording unit is electrically connected with the first lens array holographic optical element;
in a 3D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a transparent state, the holographic interference information recording unit records holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element, the three-dimensional image projector projects an optical wave to the first lens array holographic optical element, and the optical wave and the holographic image information on the first lens array holographic optical element meet a Bragg diffraction condition and form a three-dimensional image;
in the 2D display mode, the 2D/3D switching module is in a white state, and the two-dimensional image projector projects a two-dimensional image to the first lens array holographic optical element.
2. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the 2D/3D switching module comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film; the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film comprises a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent electrode layer and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer arranged between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, the refractive indexes of liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer are consistent with that of a polymer, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, the refractive indexes of liquid crystal molecules in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer and the polymer are not consistent, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film is in a white state.
3. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the 2D/3D switching module comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal film; the cholesteric liquid crystal film comprises a third transparent electrode layer, a fourth transparent electrode layer and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer arranged between the third transparent electrode layer and the fourth transparent electrode layer, and further comprises a first polarizer and a second polarizer, wherein the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are mutually vertical, the first polarizer is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, of the third transparent electrode layer, and the second polarizer is arranged on one side, away from the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, of the fourth transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer are in a plane texture, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, cholesteric liquid crystal molecules in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer are in a focal conic structure, and the cholesteric liquid crystal film is in a white state.
4. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the 2D/3D switching module comprises a polymer network liquid crystal film; the polymer network liquid crystal film comprises a fifth transparent electrode layer, a sixth transparent electrode layer and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer arranged between the fifth transparent electrode layer and the sixth transparent electrode layer;
in a 3D display mode, the director of each liquid crystal domain in the polymer network liquid crystal layer is uniform, and the polymer network liquid crystal film is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, directors of all liquid crystal domains in the polymer network liquid crystal layer are randomly distributed, and the polymer network liquid crystal film is in a white state.
5. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the 2D/3D switching module comprises an electronic ink screen; the electronic ink screen comprises a seventh transparent electrode layer, an eighth transparent electrode layer and a plurality of microcapsules arranged between the seventh transparent electrode layer and the eighth transparent electrode layer, wherein white particles which are respectively positively charged and negatively charged are arranged in the microcapsules; the seventh transparent electrode layer is positioned between the eighth transparent electrode layer and the first lens array holographic optical element;
in a 3D display mode, the white particles with positive charges and the white particles with negative charges in the microcapsules are adsorbed on the eighth transparent electrode layer, and the electronic ink screen is in a transparent state;
in a 2D display mode, the white particles with positive charge or the white particles with negative charge in the microcapsule are adsorbed on the seventh transparent electrode layer, and the electronic ink screen is in a white state.
6. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module on the plane of the first lens array holographic optical element covers the first lens array holographic optical element;
the orthographic projection of the 2D/3D switching module on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element is located is that the area beyond the first lens array holographic optical element is a first area, and at least the first area of the 2D/3D switching module is provided with a second lens array holographic optical element;
the second lens array holographic optical element is electrically connected with the holographic interference information recording unit;
in the 3D display mode, the holographic interference information recording unit records holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element, and the three-dimensional image projector projects a light wave to the second lens array holographic optical element, the light wave and the holographic interference information on the second lens array holographic optical element satisfying a bragg diffraction condition and forming a three-dimensional image.
7. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 6, wherein the 2D/3D switching module of at least a first region is gradually inclined or curved to a side away from the first lens array hologram optical element in a direction from a center toward an edge region.
8. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 6, wherein the 2D/3D switching module of the first area is located at one side or two sides of the first lens array holographic optical element in the transverse viewing angle direction in the orthographic projection on the plane where the first lens array holographic optical element is located.
9. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional image projector comprises a laser, and a first lens, a second lens, a dmd, a third lens, a filter, and a fourth lens in sequence on an exit optical path of the laser;
the image space focal plane of the first lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the second lens;
the image space focal plane of the third lens coincides with the object space focal plane of the fourth lens, the filter is located on the image space focal plane of the third lens, a focal region formed on the image space focal plane by the parallel light rays emitted by the laser through the third lens is a second region, and the filter is provided with a light shielding region which at least partially coincides with the second region.
10. The 2D/3D switching display device according to claim 9, wherein a focal length of the first lens is smaller than a focal length of the second lens; the focal lengths of the third lens and the fourth lens are equal.
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