Crankcase for diaphragm pump
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a crankcase technique in the reciprocating pump especially relates to a crankcase for diaphragm pump.
Background
In a reciprocating pump, a crankshaft is one of important parts for converting the self-rotation motion of a speed reducer into the circular motion of a crank pin (a component of the crankshaft), and the circular motion of the crank pin is further converted into the reciprocating motion of a piston.
The crankshaft commonly used in reciprocating pumps can be classified into crank shaft, eccentric wheel shaft, N-shaped shaft, etc. The crank shaft is the most common, and the most common crank shaft on the market is a three-throw double support and a three-throw four support; the three-throw double support comprises two coaxially arranged support journals and three connecting rod journals arranged between the two support journals, crank arms are arranged between every two adjacent connecting rod journals and between the connecting rod journals and the support journals, and the three connecting rod journals are connected into a whole, so that the three-throw double support is poor in rigidity and strength and heavy in structure; the three-throw four-support is characterized in that two supports are added on the basis of the three-throw double support, a crank arm between two adjacent connecting rod journals is used as a middle support, the supports are added, the bending deformation of a crankshaft and the inclination angle of a main journal are good, the rigidity and the strength are good, but for a reciprocating pump with a large stroke, the diameter of the crank arm is large, as shown in fig. 1, the crank arm 01 is in a cylindrical structure, so that the crankshaft is heavy, the mechanical property cannot be guaranteed, and the crank arm is large in size, so that the cost is high, and the processing and assembling processes are difficult; in addition, in the reciprocating pump, a connecting rod journal of a crankshaft is connected with a crosshead through a connecting rod, the crankshaft rotates to drive the connecting rod to drive the crosshead to do reciprocating linear motion, the crosshead drives a plunger to do reciprocating linear motion, the conventional lubricating for the connecting rod journal adopts bearing bush lubrication, the bearing bush is surface friction, a friction surface is plated with alloy, lubricating oil needs to be used for lubrication during rotation, an oil way or an oil hole needs to be processed on the crankshaft and the connecting rod, the process for processing the oil hole on the crankshaft is difficult, the bearing bush assembled on the connecting rod is easy to damage, the maintenance difficulty is high, and the lubricating effect of the conventional bearing bush on the connecting.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem that current bent axle rigidity and intensity are poor, the structure is heavy or weight is heavy, the price is expensive, processing and assembly process are difficult to and current lubricated effect is poor to the connecting rod axle journal, the utility model provides a crankcase for diaphragm pump.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme is:
a crankcase for a diaphragm pump comprises a frame, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a crosshead; the crankshaft comprises an input shaft, a plurality of journals and a plurality of crank arms for adapting connection of adjacent journals, and is characterized in that: also includes a bearing assembly;
an oil pool is arranged at the bottom of the rack, and lubricating liquid is stored in the oil pool;
the plurality of journals comprise a first supporting journal, a first connecting rod journal, a second supporting journal, a third connecting rod journal and a third supporting journal which are arranged in sequence; the first support journal, the second support journal and the third support journal are coaxially arranged, and the third support journal is coaxially connected with the input shaft; the diameters of the first connecting rod journal, the second connecting rod journal and the third connecting rod journal are equal; the diameters of the first supporting journal and the third supporting journal are equal and smaller than the diameters of the second supporting journal and the first connecting rod journal; the first connecting rod journal, the second connecting rod journal and the third connecting rod journal are uniformly distributed along the clockwise circumference by taking the axle center of the first supporting journal as the circle center; all crank arms are of circular arc reducing transition structures, and the vertical section of a circle center connecting line of the end surfaces on the two sides of each crank arm is oval;
the rack is internally provided with a middle mounting plate, the first support journal and the third support journal are arranged on the rack, the second support journal is arranged on the middle mounting plate, and the first connecting rod journal, the second support journal and the third connecting rod journal are all positioned in the rack;
the number of the connecting rods and the number of the cross heads are 3;
the bearing assembly comprises a first bearing, a second bearing and a third bearing;
the large end of each of the 3 connecting rods is connected with a first connecting rod journal, a second connecting rod journal and a third connecting rod journal through a first bearing, a second bearing and a third bearing respectively, the small end of each of the 3 connecting rods is connected with one end of a crosshead respectively, and the other end of each of the 3 crosshead is connected with a plunger outside the rack;
the lowest positions of the motion tracks of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing are in contact with the lubricating liquid.
Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing are all conical surfaces;
taper sleeves matched with the conical surfaces are arranged between the first bearing and the first connecting rod shaft neck, between the second bearing and the second connecting rod shaft neck and between the third bearing and the third connecting rod shaft neck.
Further, the taper of the conical surface is 1: 12.
Further, the aspect ratio range of the ellipse is 1.0-1.8.
Further, the aspect ratio range of the ellipse is 1.0-1.6.
Further, the diameter ratio of the first supporting shaft neck to the second supporting shaft neck is 0.3-0.8;
the diameter ratio of the first support journal to the first connecting rod journal is 0.5-1.0
Further, the diameter ratio of the first and second supporting journals is 0.53;
the diameter ratio of the first supporting journal and the first connecting rod journal is 0.83.
Further, the crankshaft is forged; the crankshaft is made of alloy steel.
Further, the crankshaft material is 34CrNiMo or 35CrMo or 42CrMo or 40 Cr.
Further, the radial size of the port of the second support journal is larger than that of the ports of the second connecting rod journal and the third connecting rod journal on two sides of the second support journal;
the radial size of the port of the crank arm between the second connecting rod journal and the second supporting journal is gradually increased from one end close to the second connecting rod journal to one end close to the second supporting journal;
the radial dimension of the port of the crank arm between the second support journal and the third connecting rod journal is gradually reduced from one end close to the second support journal to one end close to the third connecting rod journal;
a weight reduction structure is arranged at one end, close to the second connecting rod journal, of the crank arm between the second connecting rod journal and the second supporting journal;
the weight-reducing structure is positioned on the outer side of the second connecting rod journal.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model discloses bent axle is three supporting structure for three turns in the crankcase for the diaphragm pump, and wherein three turns including first connecting rod journal, second connecting rod journal, third connecting rod journal, and the three supports including first support journal, second support journal, third support journal. Compared with two supports, the utility model adds one support, so the strength and rigidity are better; compared with four supports, the utility model has one less stress point, more uniform stress and lower processing and assembling difficulty; the utility model discloses there is the oil bath in the frame of crankcase for the diaphragm pump, even has the bearing on the rod journal, and self through the bent axle is rotatory for when the bearing rotates with the lubricated liquid contact in the oil bath of frame bottom, to the bearing lubrication, the bearing lubricates the rod journal, and is lubricated effectual, and need not to set up oilhole or oil duct on bearing and the connecting rod, the processing technology of bearing and connecting rod is simple.
2. The utility model discloses crank arm between the axle journal in the crankcase for the diaphragm pump is circular arc reducing transition structure, and crank arm radial dimension is little, and when installing the bearing on the connecting rod journal of bent axle, can guarantee that the bearing passes through the crank arm smoothly under the prerequisite of proof strength and rigidity for bent axle whole weight is lighter, and is with low costs, processing and assembly process are simple.
3. The utility model discloses crankcase for diaphragm pump can establish the internal surface of bearing into the conical surface and be convenient for install.
4. The utility model discloses crankcase for diaphragm pump has been seted up on the crank arm between second connecting rod axle journal and second support axle journal and has been subtract heavy structure, can effectively subtract heavy, prevents stress concentration.
5. The utility model discloses bent axle adopts the forging preparation in the crankcase for the diaphragm pump, can improve rigidity and intensity and whole precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a portion of a prior art crankshaft;
in fig. 1, the reference numerals are as follows: 01-a crank arm;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a crankcase for a diaphragm pump according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft in a crankcase for a diaphragm pump according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 (a first connecting rod journal, a second connecting rod journal, and a crank arm therebetween in a crankshaft);
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a crankshaft in a crankcase for a diaphragm pump according to the present invention;
in fig. 2 to 7, the reference numerals are as follows:
1-first support journal, 2-second support journal, 3-third support journal, 4-first connecting rod journal, 5-second connecting rod journal, 6-third connecting rod journal, 7-crank arm, 8-input shaft, 10-frame, 11-crankshaft, 12-connecting rod, 13-crosshead, 14-first bearing, 15-second bearing, 16-third bearing, 17-crosshead pin, 18-lubricated bearing, 19-intermediate mounting plate, 20-weight reduction structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, a crankcase for a diaphragm pump includes a frame 10, a crankshaft 11, a connecting rod 12, a crosshead 13, a bearing assembly; the crankshaft 11 comprises an input shaft 8, a plurality of journals, and a plurality of crank arms 7 for adapting connection of adjacent journals; an oil pool is arranged at the bottom of the frame 10, and lubricating liquid is stored in the oil pool; as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of journals includes a first supporting journal 1, a first connecting rod journal 4, a second connecting rod journal 5, a second supporting journal 2, a third connecting rod journal 6, and a third supporting journal 3, which are arranged in sequence; the first supporting journal 1, the second supporting journal 2 and the third supporting journal 3 are coaxially arranged, and the third supporting journal 3 is coaxially connected with the input shaft 8; the diameters of the first connecting rod journal 4, the second connecting rod journal 5 and the third connecting rod journal 6 are equal; the diameters of the first support journal 1 and the third support journal 3 are equal and smaller than the diameters of the second support journal 2 and the first connecting rod journal 4; as shown in fig. 5, the first connecting rod journal 4, the second connecting rod journal 5 and the third connecting rod journal 6 are uniformly distributed along the clockwise circumference with the axle center of the first supporting journal 1 as the center of circle; all the crank arms 7 are of circular arc reducing transition structures, and the vertical sections of the connecting lines of the circle centers of the end surfaces on the two sides of the crank arms 7 are elliptical; the aspect ratio of the ellipse is in the range of 1.0 to 1.8, and preferably in the range of 1.0 to 1.6.
The radial size of the port of the second support journal 2 is larger than the radial sizes of the ports of the second connecting rod journal 5 and the third connecting rod journal 6 on the two sides of the second support journal; the radial dimension of the end of the crank arm 7 between the second connecting rod journal 5 and the second support journal 2 gradually increases from the end near the second connecting rod journal 5 to the end near the second support journal 2; the radial dimension of the end of the crank arm 7 between the second support journal 2 and the third connecting rod journal 6 is gradually reduced from the end close to the second support journal 2 to the end close to the third connecting rod journal 6, and preferably, a weight reducing structure 20 is disposed at the end of the crank arm 7 between the second connecting rod journal 5 and the second support journal 2 and close to the second connecting rod journal 5, and the weight reducing structure 20 is disposed at the outer side of the second connecting rod journal 5, as shown in fig. 6, so that the weight can be effectively reduced, the stress concentration can be reduced, and the overall stability can be improved.
A middle mounting plate 19 is arranged in the machine frame 10, the first support journal 1 and the third support journal 3 are arranged on the machine frame 10, the second support journal 2 is arranged on the middle mounting plate 19, and the first connecting rod journal 4, the second connecting rod journal 5, the second support journal 2 and the third connecting rod journal 6 are all positioned above an oil pool in the machine frame 10; the number of the connecting rods 12 and the number of the cross heads 13 are 3; the bearing assembly comprises a first bearing 14, a second bearing 15 and a third bearing 16; the big end of each of 3 connecting rods 12 is respectively connected with a first connecting rod journal 4, a second connecting rod journal 5 and a third connecting rod journal 6 through a first bearing 14, a second bearing 15 and a third bearing 16, the small end of each of 3 connecting rods 12 is arranged in each of 3 crossbars 13 and is connected through a crosshead pin 17, the crosshead pin 17 and the crosshead 13 are provided with lubricating bearings 18, and the other ends of the 3 crossbars 13 are connected with plungers outside the frame 10; the lowest positions of the motion tracks of the first bearing 14, the second bearing 15 and the third bearing 16 are in contact with the lubricating liquid, and the lubricating liquid in the oil pool of the frame 10 is used for lubricating in the working process. This embodiment is rotatory through the self of bent axle for the bearing rotates the time with the lubricated liquid contact of frame bottom, to the bearing lubrication, the bearing is lubricated the connecting rod journal, and is lubricated effectual, and need not to set up oilhole or oil duct on bearing and the connecting rod, the processing technology of bearing and connecting rod is simple.
In the crankcase of the embodiment, the inner surfaces of the first bearing 14, the second bearing 15 and the third bearing 16 are all conical surfaces; bearing installation seats matched with the conical surfaces are arranged between the first bearing 14 and the first connecting rod journal 4, between the second bearing 15 and the second connecting rod journal 5 and between the third bearing 16 and the third connecting rod journal 6, and the bearings are fixed on the connecting rod journals through the matching installation of the bearings and the bearing installation seats.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the second supporting journal 2 and the diameter of the first connecting rod journal 4 are both larger than the diameter of the first supporting journal 1, and generally the diameter ratio of the first supporting journal 1 to the second supporting journal 2 is 0.3 to 0.8, the diameter ratio of the first supporting journal 1 to the first connecting rod journal 4 is 0.5 to 1.0, and preferably the diameter ratio of the first supporting journal 1 to the second supporting journal 2 is 0.53, and the diameter ratio of the first supporting journal 1 to the first connecting rod journal 4 is 0.83.
Examples
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the first support journal 1, the diameter of the first connecting rod journal 4, the diameter of the second connecting rod journal 5, the diameter of the second support journal 2, the diameter of the third connecting rod journal 6, the diameter of the third support journal 3, the diameter of the input shaft 8, and the diameter of the third support journal 3 are 300mm, 360mm, 300mm, and 230mm, respectively; because the first connecting rod journal 4 and the second connecting rod journal 5 are equal in diameter and far away from each other, stress concentration is likely to occur, fatigue strength is easy to be insufficient, and breakage occurs, the crank arm between the first connecting rod journal 4 and the second connecting rod journal 5 is reasonably designed, and the rigidity and the fatigue strength of the crank arm are improved.
The distance between the axes of the first connecting rod journal 4 and the second connecting rod journal 5 is 346mm, the distance between two adjacent end faces of the first connecting rod journal 4 and the second connecting rod journal 5 is 355mm, that is, the distance between the right end face of the first connecting rod journal 4 and the left end face of the second connecting rod journal 5 in fig. 5 is 355mm, the vertical section at the midpoint of the circle center connecting line of the right end portion of the first connecting rod journal 4 and the left end portion of the second connecting rod journal 5 is an ellipse, as shown in fig. 6, the long side of the ellipse is 354mm, the short side is 290mm, and the aspect ratio of the ellipse is 1.22. The distance between the central line of each connecting rod journal and the supporting journal is the revolving radius of the crankshaft, namely 200mm, and the distance between the end faces of the adjacent connecting rod journals is related to the distance between cylinders.
The crankshaft can be machined by forging, the rigidity, the strength and the overall precision are improved, the crankshaft machining raw material is alloy steel, 34CrNiMo can be selected, the quenching and tempering HB275-305 is adopted, the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 910MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 700MPa, the elongation is greater than or equal to (% c50mm) 14%, the reduction of area is greater than or equal to 35%, and the impact energy is as follows: not less than 25%; the crankshaft is machined by the forge piece, so that the integral strength is obviously improved, the service life is prolonged, the machining precision is also improved, the integral performance is better, and the crank arm and the supporting shaft neck are smoother; in addition, the crankshaft machining raw material can also be 35CrMo or 42CrMo or 40 Cr.
The crankshaft converts the rotary motion of the speed reducer into reciprocating motion of a crosshead and a plunger, a first supporting journal 1 and a third supporting journal 3 of the crankshaft are arranged on a rack of a crankcase, an input shaft 8 is positioned outside the rack and connected with the speed reducer, three connecting rod journals are connected with a large head end of a connecting rod through bearings, a small head end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the crosshead through a crosshead pin, and the other end of the crosshead is connected with the plunger outside the rack; the speed reducer drives the crankshaft to rotate, a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft drives the crosshead to do reciprocating linear motion through the connecting rod, and the crosshead drives the plunger to do reciprocating linear motion. Set up the oil bath bottom the crankcase frame, even have the bearing on the connecting rod journal, adopt splash lubrication, self rotation through the bent axle for the bearing contacts with the lubricated liquid in the frame oil bath when rotating, makes the bearing lubricated, and the bearing is lubricated the connecting rod journal, and is lubricated effectual. If the crank arm is too thin, the mechanical property of the crankshaft is affected, fatigue damage is easy to occur, cracks are generated, and even the crankshaft is broken; too thick may result in the bearing not passing through. Therefore, the crank arms of the first connecting rod journal 4 and the second connecting rod journal 5 are designed into circular arc reducing transition structures, the length-width ratio of the vertical section ellipse at the middle point of the connecting line of the circle centers of the two end parts is 1.22, the bearing passes through the bearing to the maximum extent, and the bearing is mounted on the second connecting rod journal, so that the tensile strength, the yield strength and the fatigue strength of the crankshaft are ensured.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope to be protected by the present invention.