CN211383036U

CN211383036U - Axial flow blood pump

Info

Publication number: CN211383036U
Application number: CN201922118848.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-30
Filing date: 2019-11-30
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an axial blood pump, which comprises a sleeve, a rotor arranged in the sleeve and a driving device arranged outside the sleeve and used for driving the rotor to rotate, wherein the rotor comprises a rotor cylinder coaxially arranged with the sleeve and rotor blades fixed on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder, and a hollow blood flow channel is formed in the middle part of the rotor; the position that is located the rotor rear side in the sleeve is equipped with drainage channel, drainage channel narrows gradually along the blood flow direction and is used for with peripheral blood flow drainage to middle blood flow. The utility model discloses make the blood that flows from drainage channel can resume normal laminar flow state, effectively reduced the possibility that the in-process that flows afterwards produced blood composition and destroyed and the thrombus emergence.

Description

Axial flow blood pump

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, especially, relate to an axial blood pump.

Background

The blood pump is also called as a blood circulation device, is mainly used for extracorporeal auxiliary circulation and heart failure assistance, is a key technology for replacing the beating and blood circulation of the heart of a human body, and has important significance for the treatment and development of critical emergency treatment and cardiovascular diseases. The blood pump at the initial stage is mainly designed in a bionic way, and utilizes mechanical or electromagnetic drive to generate periodic volume change so as to simulate the pulsation of the heart; because the blood pump in the period generally has the defects of large volume, complex structure, short service life and the like, most of the blood pumps are only used as extracorporeal assistance. Since then, the blood pump generally adopts a high-speed rotating rotor (centrifugal or axial flow type) to drive blood to flow in a single direction, but because the rotor and the driving motor need to be connected with a transmission shaft, a blood circulation loop cannot be completely sealed, blood pollution is easily caused, and a high-shear stress area formed by a tiny gap between the rotor and a pump body increases damage to blood cells.

At present, a blood pump without an axial structure is also gradually applied to clinical application, for example, patent CN 201894758U discloses a miniature axial blood pump, which includes a sleeve, a pump body disposed in the sleeve, and a driving device disposed outside the sleeve, where the driving device includes an electromagnetic driving coil and a controller, the pump body includes a front guide vane, a rotor, and a rear guide vane, the rotor is composed of a rotor cylinder and rotor blades, the rotor blades grow on the inner surface of the rotor cylinder, and a hollow blood flow channel is disposed in the middle of the rotor, so that the rotor forms an integrated hollow internal spiral blade type structure. It is known to those skilled in the art that due to the viscosity of blood, the blood flowing in the conduit (blood vessel) has a laminar flow, and in the normal laminar flow state (i.e. physiological laminar flow) of blood, the flow velocity of blood in each layer is different, and is maximum at the tubular shaft (it can be considered that the flow velocity of middle blood flow is greater than that of peripheral blood flow). However, in the blood pump with a shaftless structure including the above patent, because of the hollow blood flow channel, the blood forms an opposite laminar flow state after being pumped by the pump body (i.e. the flow rate of the peripheral blood flow is greater than that of the middle blood flow), and because the blood does not conform to the physiological laminar flow, the blood component damage and the thrombus induction are easily generated in the subsequent flow process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present invention provides an axial blood pump which is beneficial to form a physiological laminar flow.

The utility model provides an axial blood pump, which comprises a sleeve, a rotor arranged in the sleeve and a driving device arranged outside the sleeve and used for driving the rotor to rotate, wherein the rotor comprises a rotor cylinder coaxially arranged with the sleeve and rotor blades fixed on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder, and a hollow blood flow channel is formed in the middle of the rotor; the position that is located the rotor rear side in the sleeve is equipped with drainage channel, drainage channel narrows gradually along the blood flow direction and is used for with peripheral blood flow drainage to middle blood flow.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the drainage channel is in a circular truncated cone shape and is coaxially arranged with the sleeve.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, a truncated cone-shaped drainage cylinder is coaxially fixed in the sleeve, two ends of the drainage cylinder are opened, the interior of the drainage cylinder is hollow, and the hollow part of the drainage cylinder forms the drainage channel.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the drainage tube is fixed in the sleeve through a support, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the drainage tube and the inner wall of the sleeve.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the support comprises at least three support rods, one end of each support rod is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube, the other end of each support rod is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the support rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the ratio of the diameter of the small-diameter end opening of the drainage tube to the diameter of the large-diameter end opening of the drainage tube is 1 (3-6).

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the side wall parts for forming the mouth parts at the two ends of the drainage cylinder are both arc transition structures.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the rotor blade is of a spiral blade type structure arranged on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder, and a spiral blood flow channel is formed between the side wall of the rotor blade and the inner wall of the rotor cylinder.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving device includes an electromagnetic driving coil and a controller, a permanent magnet is embedded in the outer surface of the rotor cylinder, and the controller controls the magnitude and direction of the current in the electromagnetic driving coil to generate an alternating magnetic field cooperating with the permanent magnet to drive the rotor cylinder to rotate.

As a further improvement to the technical scheme, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a rotor mounting groove and bearing mounting grooves which are positioned at two ends of the rotor mounting groove and communicated with the rotor mounting groove, the rotor cylinder is mounted in the rotor mounting groove through a ceramic bearing arranged in the bearing mounting groove, and the inner wall of the rotor cylinder is flush with the inner wall of the sleeve after mounting.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial technological effect has:

the blood pump of the utility model is beneficial to forming physiological laminar flow; specifically, the rotor rotates under the action of the driving device and conveys blood from front to back, in the process, peripheral blood flow drives middle blood flow, the flow rate of the peripheral blood flow is greater than that of the middle blood flow, a laminar state opposite to the normal blood flow is presented, due to the fact that the drainage channel is additionally arranged, the drainage channel is gradually narrowed along the blood flow direction, after the blood flows out of the rotor, the peripheral blood flow with the higher flow rate enters the drainage channel, flows towards the middle blood flow direction along the drainage channel and finally is collected in the middle blood flow, the pressure energy of the peripheral blood flow is converted into the kinetic energy of the middle blood flow, the flow rate of the middle blood flow is greater than that of the peripheral blood flow, the blood flowing out of the drainage channel can restore to the normal laminar state, and the possibility of blood component damage and thrombus generation in the subsequent flowing process is effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a left side view of the drainage tube of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a right side view of the drainage tube of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments; of course, the drawings are simplified schematic drawings, and the scale of the drawings does not limit the patented products.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3 (the direction of the arrow in fig. 1 is the direction of blood flow): the embodiment provides the utility model provides an axial blood pump, which comprises a sleeve 1, a rotor arranged in the sleeve 1 and a driving device arranged outside the sleeve 1 and used for driving the rotor to rotate, wherein the rotor comprises a rotor cylinder 21 coaxially arranged with the sleeve 1 and rotor blades 22 fixed on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder 21, and a hollow blood flow channel 23 is formed in the middle of the rotor; the blood pump of this embodiment can be improved on the basis of the miniature axial flow blood pump disclosed in patent CN 201894758U, so that the two pumps can share part of the structure, such as the structure of the rotor and the structure of the driving device.

The key improvement point of the axial blood pump of the embodiment is that a drainage channel 3 is arranged at the position, located on the rear side of the rotor, in the sleeve 1, and the drainage channel 3 is gradually narrowed along the blood flow direction and used for draining peripheral blood flow to middle blood flow; the rear side, i.e. the side from which the blood flows out, is located on the right side of the rotor in fig. 1; compared with the existing blood pump, the blood pump of the embodiment is beneficial to forming physiological laminar flow; specifically, the rotor rotates under the action of the driving device and conveys blood from front to back, in the process, peripheral blood flow drives middle blood flow, the flow rate of the peripheral blood flow is greater than that of the middle blood flow, a laminar state opposite to the normal blood flow is presented, due to the fact that the drainage channel 3 is additionally arranged, the drainage channel 3 is gradually narrowed along the blood flow direction, after the blood flows out of the rotor, the peripheral blood flow with the higher flow rate enters the drainage channel 3, flows towards the middle blood flow direction along the drainage channel 3 and finally is collected in the middle blood flow, the pressure of the peripheral blood flow can be converted into the kinetic energy of the middle blood flow, the flow rate of the middle blood flow is greater than that of the peripheral blood flow, the blood flowing out of the drainage channel 3 can restore to the normal laminar state, and the possibility of blood component damage and thrombus generation in the subsequent flowing process is effectively reduced.

In the embodiment, the drainage channel 3 is in a circular truncated cone shape and is coaxially arranged with the sleeve 1; the circular truncated cone shape is the shape formed by cutting a circular cone from a plane parallel to the bottom surface of the circular cone; blood enters from the bottom surface of the circular truncated cone-shaped drainage channel 3 and flows out from the top surface, and the blood is pushed by using the pressure of peripheral blood flow and the flow of middle blood flow is accelerated in the process; the drainage channel 3, the sleeve 1 and the hollow blood flow channel 23 are coaxially arranged, so that uniform drainage of peripheral blood flow is facilitated, turbulence is reduced, and blood damage is avoided.

In this embodiment, a truncated cone-shaped drainage tube 4 is coaxially fixed in the sleeve 1, two ends (left and right ends in fig. 1) of the drainage tube 4 are open, the interior of the drainage tube 4 is hollow, and the hollow part of the drainage tube 4 forms the drainage channel 3; the drainage channel 3 is formed by the independently arranged drainage cylinder 4, so that the improvement cost is reduced, and the blood pump can be obtained by improving the structure of the existing blood pump; the inner wall and the outer wall of the drainage cylinder 4 are parallel to form a rotary body structure with uniform shape; the ratio of the opening diameter of the small-diameter end (right end) of the drainage tube 4 to the opening diameter of the large-diameter end (left end) thereof can be 1 (3-6), for example; meanwhile, in order to reduce the disturbance and shearing action on blood, the side wall parts for forming the two port parts of the drainage tube 4 are all arc transition structures.

In terms of connection mode, the drainage tube 4 can be directly and fixedly connected (for example, welded) to the inner wall of the sleeve 1 through the side wall of the large-diameter port part, and at this time, the inner wall of the sleeve 1 can be provided with a fixing groove matched with the drainage tube 4; however, the structure also causes a blood stagnation area to be formed between the side wall of the drainage tube 4 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and thrombus is easy to generate; therefore, in the present embodiment, preferably, the drainage tube 4 is fixed in the sleeve 1 by a bracket, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the drainage tube 4 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1; the drainage tube 4 can be arranged in the drainage tube 4 in a floating way through a bracket, so that a blood stagnation area is prevented from being formed between the side wall of the drainage tube 4 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1; as shown in fig. 1, the gap is gradually increased, and the size of the gap can be determined according to the needs, but it should be ensured that the flow rate of the central blood flow is greater than that of the peripheral blood flow after the blood passes through the drainage tube 4, that is, only a small gap is provided to drive the blood flow between the side wall of the drainage tube 4 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1.

In this embodiment, the support comprises at least three support rods 5, one end of each support rod 5 is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube 4, the other end of each support rod 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and the support rods 5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the structure and the quantity of branch 5 should consider that drainage tube 4's firm location and reduction cause vortex and shearing to blood, and this embodiment sets up branch 5 into the round bar structure, and three branch 5 constitute triangle location structure and support drainage tube 4 jointly.

In this embodiment, the rotor blade 22 is a spiral blade structure disposed on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder 21, and a spiral blood flow channel is formed between the side wall of the rotor blade 22 and the inner wall of the rotor cylinder 21; when the rotor blades 22 rotate, the peripheral blood flow part of the blood firstly enters the spiral blood flow channel and is accelerated and conveyed in the flow channel, and the middle blood flow part of the blood is conveyed along the hollow blood flow channel 23 under the action of the residual pressure of the rotor blades 22 and the peripheral blood flow; the rotor blades 22 of this configuration facilitate reducing blood damage.

In this embodiment, the driving device includes an electromagnetic driving coil 61 and a controller 62, the permanent magnet 24 is embedded in the outer surface of the rotor cylinder 21, and the controller 62 controls the magnitude and direction of the current in the electromagnetic driving coil 61 to generate an alternating magnetic field matched with the permanent magnet 24 so as to drive the rotor cylinder 21 to rotate; the electromagnetic drive coil 61 and the permanent magnet 24 form a magnetic coupling drive structure, which is the prior art and is not described herein again; the rotation speed and rotation direction of the rotor cylinder 21 can be adjusted as necessary under the control of the controller 62.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a rotor mounting groove and bearing mounting grooves which are located at two ends of the rotor mounting groove and communicated with the rotor mounting groove, the rotor cylinder 21 is mounted in the rotor mounting groove through a ceramic bearing 25 which is arranged in the bearing mounting groove, and the inner wall of the rotor cylinder 21 is flush with the inner wall of the sleeve 1 after mounting; this configuration is beneficial to avoid blood contact with the ports of the rotor cylinder 21, reducing shear damage to the blood.

Finally, it is stated that the specific individual example is used herein to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the explanation of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it is also possible to make the present invention undergo several improvements and modifications, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial flow blood pump comprises a sleeve, a rotor arranged in the sleeve and a driving device arranged outside the sleeve and used for driving the rotor to rotate, wherein the rotor comprises a rotor cylinder and rotor blades, the rotor cylinder and the rotor blades are coaxially arranged with the sleeve, the rotor blades are fixed on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder, and a hollow blood flow channel is formed in the middle of the rotor; the method is characterized in that: the position that is located the rotor rear side in the sleeve is equipped with drainage channel, drainage channel narrows gradually along the blood flow direction and is used for with peripheral blood flow drainage to middle blood flow.

2. An axial blood pump according to claim 1, wherein: the drainage channel is in a round table shape and is arranged coaxially with the sleeve.

3. An axial blood pump according to claim 2, wherein: a round table-shaped drainage cylinder is coaxially fixed in the sleeve, two ends of the drainage cylinder are opened, the drainage cylinder is hollow, and the hollow part of the drainage cylinder forms the drainage channel.

4. An axial blood pump according to claim 3, wherein: the drainage tube is fixed in the sleeve through the support, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the drainage tube and the inner wall of the sleeve.

5. An axial blood pump according to claim 4, wherein: the support comprises at least three supporting rods, one end of each supporting rod is fixed on the side wall of the drainage cylinder, the other end of each supporting rod is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the supporting rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

6. An axial blood pump according to claim 3, wherein: the ratio of the diameter of the small-diameter end opening of the drainage tube to the diameter of the large-diameter end opening of the drainage tube is 1 (3-6).

7. An axial blood pump according to claim 3, wherein: and the side wall parts for forming the mouth parts at the two ends of the drainage tube are all arc transition structures.

8. An axial blood pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the rotor blade is a spiral blade type structure arranged on the inner wall of the rotor cylinder, and a spiral blood flow channel is formed between the side wall of the rotor blade and the inner wall of the rotor cylinder.

9. An axial blood pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the driving device comprises an electromagnetic driving coil and a controller, a permanent magnet is embedded in the outer surface of the rotor cylinder, and the controller controls the size and the direction of current in the electromagnetic driving coil to generate an alternating magnetic field matched with the permanent magnet so as to drive the rotor cylinder to rotate.

10. An axial blood pump according to claim 9, wherein: the telescopic inner wall is equipped with rotor mounting groove and is located rotor mounting groove both ends and with the bearing mounting groove of rotor mounting groove intercommunication, the rotor drum is installed in the rotor mounting groove through the ceramic bearing who locates the bearing mounting groove, and the installation back the inner wall of rotor drum is level with telescopic inner wall mutually.