CN211381707U

CN211381707U - Three-dimensional fixing device for femoral neck fracture

Info

Publication number: CN211381707U
Application number: CN201920869318.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾闻; 顾军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-06-11
Filing date: 2019-06-11
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-dimensional fixing device of femoral neck fracture, including sleeve and a plurality of ke shi needle, the sleeve is inside to be equipped with a fixed part that is used for the screw afterbody to fix, a plurality of second through-holes on the sleeve, the pore of second through-hole is crooked pore, the ke shi needle is located in the second through-hole. The device is adopted to fix the fractured bone, so that the fixation is firmer than the traditional method of independently driving one screw, the space required by driving 3 screws is smaller than the traditional method, and the injury to the femoral head is smaller; a plurality of ke shi needle multi-angles are fixed, effectively provide tension, have guaranteed the fixed firmness of thighbone neck connection.

Description

Three-dimensional fixing device for femoral neck fracture

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, concretely relates to three-dimensional fixing device of femoral neck fracture.

Background

The femoral neck, which is a hip pain, is located primarily near the midpoint of the groin with the femoral head, which is primarily manifested by tenderness and longitudinal axis tapping pain, down to the base of the femoral neck. Femoral neck fracture, manifested as hip pain after falling injury, inability to stand and walk, swelling of the back, tenderness, and outward rotation deformity of the affected limb.

The traditional fixing method adopted for femoral neck fracture at present comprises the following steps:

adopt under X-ray perspective, drive into the nail of front end screw thread and realize being connected between two bones on the bone of two disconnections, whether the position of the bone of driving into is correct through diversified confirmation such as normal position, side position, perspective, in case there is the position discovery nail drive into the angle not right, just need remove the nail and drive into again. One of the methods is to use one nail, and the single nail cannot be durable in mechanical efficiency due to single stress, so that the two parts of the fracture are not firmly fixed; the other type of nail has the defects that although three nails are firmly fixed, the bone space is limited, the nail is easy to be mistaken or askew, the nailing time is long, even several hours, the effective treatment of a patient and the operation of a doctor are not good, and the exposure to X-rays is not good for the health of the patient and the doctor. In addition, the nail is driven into the bone in a straight line, and the tail part of the nail is exposed outside the bone, so that the nail is easy to slide out of the bone and further push against the skin to cause the skin to be partially raised, and the skin is easy to be inflamed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at solving the above problems, providing a three-dimensional fixing device of femoral neck fracture, mainly fixing to the fracture of femoral neck.

In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

three-dimensional fixing device of femoral neck fracture, its characterized in that includes screw, sleeve and a plurality of kirschner wires, the sleeve is inside to be equipped with a fixed part that is used for the screw afterbody to fix, be equipped with a plurality of second through-holes on the sleeve, the pore of second through-hole is crooked pore, the kirschner wire is located in the second through-hole.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows: firstly, a screw is arranged in the bone to basically fix the femoral neck and the leg bone, then the sleeve of the scheme is arranged at the tail part of the screw, a thin metal needle, namely a Kirschner wire, is inserted, the inserted front end of the Kirschner wire is inserted into the bone by utilizing the turning design to generate tension, a resistance is formed, and the problem that the bones at two ends of a single screw are not firm enough is avoided.

As a preferred technical solution, the fixing portion is a first through hole for the tail portion of the screw to pass through; or the fixing part is a groove arranged at the front end of the sleeve, and the groove is matched with the head of the screw. The tail part of the former screw penetrates through the first through hole, so that the sleeve is fixed at the upper end of the tail part of the screw. The latter then engages the head of the screw in the recess so that the screw is held by the sleeve.

As a preferable technical scheme, the Kirschner wire is placed into the sleeve along the thread in the thread hole. The Kirschner wire is arranged along the direction of the thread, so that the Kirschner wire can slowly enter the thread, and the smoothness of the entering and exiting of the thread in the channel is improved.

As a preferred technical solution, the bending direction of the duct is towards the wall of the sleeve. The pore canal is bent outwards to form eversion resistance, so that the fixed breadth between the kirschner wire and the bone and between the screw and the bone is improved.

As a preferred technical scheme, the front end of the duct is a straight-line duct, and the rear end of the duct is an arc-shaped bent duct.

As a preferred technical scheme, the number of the second through holes is 5-6.

As a preferred technical solution, the bending angle of each of the plurality of second through holes is different. The multiple pore channels have different complete angles to form a scattering structure and are bent in multiple directions to form different tensions, so that the firmness of connection and fixation is effectively guaranteed.

As a preferred technical scheme, the bending angle of the pore canal is 90-180 degrees. The obtuse angle bending is arranged, the tension formed on the mechanical principle is the maximum, the kirschner wire driven into the second through hole can be effectively ensured to slide out of the through hole, and the fixing force of the screw and the kirschner wire to femoral neck fracture is effectively improved.

As a preferred technical scheme, the bending angle of the pore canal is 100-145 degrees.

As a preferred technical scheme, the sleeve further comprises a terminal nut, and the terminal nut is arranged at the front end of the sleeve. Through the design of the screw cap, the second through hole is covered, and the kirschner wire is prevented from sliding out of the sleeve.

As a preferred technical scheme, the front end of the sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the internal thread of the terminal nut is matched with the external thread.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, beneficial effect is:

1. compared with the traditional method of independently drilling one screw, the method is firmer, and has smaller space and smaller trauma to the femoral head compared with the traditional method of drilling 3 screws;

2. by utilizing the sleeve design, the plurality of kirschner wires are fixed at multiple angles, so that tension is effectively provided, and the firmness of connecting and fixing the femoral neck is ensured;

3. the sleeve and the terminal nut can also prevent the screw from withdrawing from the bone, so that the skin is prevented from being inflamed due to jacking of the screw;

4. the device has simple structure, convenient and quick use and high practical value, and reduces the period of femoral neck fracture recovery by improving the fixation firmness.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the structure of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a third structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the structure of example 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fixing device of the present invention in a use state;

fig. 7 is a schematic side view of embodiment 2.

In the figure: the sleeve comprises a sleeve 1, a sleeve front end 11, a sleeve rear end 12, a sleeve wall 13, external threads 14, a Kirschner wire 2, a second through hole 3, a straight line section hole 31, an arc-shaped bent section hole 32, a fixing part 4, a terminal nut 5, a screw 6, a leg bone 7, a femoral neck 71, a femoral head 72, a greater trochanter 73, a lesser trochanter 74 and a femoral neck fracture line 8.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described and illustrated by the following specific embodiments, so that the solution is clearer and more obvious.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fracture, which includes a screw 6, a sleeve 1 and a plurality of k-wires 2 disposed in the sleeve, wherein a fixation portion 4 for fixing the tail of the screw and a plurality of second through holes 3 capable of being used for placing the k-wires 2 are disposed in the sleeve 1, and the hole of the second through holes 3 is a curved hole. The fixing part 4 is arranged at the rear end of the sleeve, the bending direction of the pore channel from the front end 11 of the sleeve to the rear end 12 of the sleeve is outward bending, namely, the inlet of a single pore channel is positioned at the front end 11 of the sleeve and close to the center of the sleeve, the outlet of the single pore channel is positioned at the rear end 12 of the sleeve and close to the outer wall of the sleeve, so that a plurality of Kirschner wires extend into the bone, and multi-angle fixation is effectively formed.

The fixing portion 4 may be a first through hole (as shown in fig. 1) for receiving a tail portion (i.e., a tip cylinder portion provided with threads) of the screw 6 to pass through; or a recess (see fig. 5) provided at the rear end 12 of the sleeve for receiving the head of the screw, the bottom surface of the recess abutting against the head of the screw (i.e., the side of the screw opposite the tip), the head of the screw being secured to the sleeve by being inserted into the recess.

The fixing device is inserted into the bone through a small Kirschner wire bending angle instead of a linear type, the connection angle of the Kirschner wire and the bone is wider, and the connection firmness of two parts of the fracture is increased. The kirschner wires are preferably inserted from the trabecular bone, and have higher firmness.

The fixing part of the embodiment is preferably arranged in the middle of the sleeve, and the second through holes are distributed on the periphery of the fixing part.

When the fixing part 4 of the present embodiment is designed with a groove, the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to 1/2 sleeve length.

The fixing part in the sleeve can be directly sleeved at the tail part of the screw 6 and can also be fixed in a threaded connection mode.

The kirschner wire in the embodiment is placed into the sleeve along the thread of the threaded hole, so that the kirschner wire can be rotated from the front end 11 of the sleeve to the rear end 12 of the sleeve, namely, the kirschner wire can enter the bone from the outside of the bone, and the fluency of the kirschner wire gradually entering the hole is improved.

In this embodiment, the curvature of the duct of the second through-hole 3 is a curvature of the entire duct, and the curvature is in a direction toward the cylindrical wall 13 of the sleeve 1, i.e., the duct is curved from the center line direction of the sleeve toward the outer side of the cylindrical wall.

In this embodiment, the number of the second through holes 3 may be several, and is preferably 3 to 6.

In this embodiment, the second through holes may be disposed in multiple ways:

in one mode, the bending angles α of the plurality of cell channels are the same, and as shown in fig. 2, when viewed from the top view angle a of fig. 1, although the two ends of the second through hole are not on the same straight line, the plurality of second through holes are uniformly arranged in the top view angle. As a preferred bending angle, as shown in FIG. 1, the bending angle α of the cell channel is 90-180 degrees, preferably 100-145 degrees;

the second way is that the plurality of the openings are different in bending angle and position, as shown in fig. 3, several openings are distributed near the same side of the sleeve, and the openings on the other side are relatively less. Similarly, the bending angle α is 90-180 degrees, preferably 100-145 degrees;

in a third embodiment, the plurality of cell channels are bent at different angles but are arranged in a scattering manner, and as shown in fig. 4, the distribution is relatively uniform. Similarly, the bending angle α is 90-180 degrees, preferably 100-145 degrees.

In this embodiment, a terminal nut 5 (such as a screw cap or a cap nut) may be further disposed on the front end 11 of the sleeve to cover the second through hole (the fixing portion 4 is also covered when it is the first through hole), as shown in fig. 6 and 7, so as to prevent the kirschner wire from slipping out of the bone in the fixing state.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the sleeve front end 11 of the present embodiment is provided with an external thread, and the internal thread of the terminal nut 5 is matched with the external thread of the sleeve front end 11.

Example 2

Different from the embodiment 1, in the three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fracture of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the duct of the first through hole 3 is composed of two parts, and a straight-line duct 31 and an arc-shaped curved-section duct 32 are respectively provided from the front end of the sleeve to the rear end of the sleeve. The bending angle alpha of the curved section duct 32 is 90-180 degrees, preferably 100-145 degrees.

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited, and the deformation and improvement made by the design idea of the present invention for those skilled in the art should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Three-dimensional fixing device of femoral neck fracture, its characterized in that includes screw, sleeve and a plurality of kirschner wires, the sleeve is inside to be equipped with a fixed part that is used for the screw afterbody to fix, be equipped with a plurality of second through-holes on the sleeve, the pore of second through-hole is crooked pore, the kirschner wire is located in the second through-hole.

2. The three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the fixation portion is a first through hole for the tail of a screw to pass through; or the fixing part is a groove arranged at the front end of the sleeve, and the groove is matched with the head of the screw.

3. The three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the k-wire is inserted into the sleeve following threads in the tunnel.

4. The three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel is curved in a direction toward the wall of the sleeve.

5. The three-dimensional fixture for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the number of the second through holes is 5-6.

6. The three-dimensional spatial fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to claim 1, wherein the angle of curvature of each bore of the second plurality of bores is different.

7. The three-dimensional fixture for femoral neck fracture according to claim 6, wherein the bending angle of the duct is 90-180 degrees.

8. The three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fracture according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the bending angle of the duct is 100-145 degrees.

9. A three-dimensional spatial fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a terminal nut disposed on the forward end of the sleeve.

10. A three-dimensional fixation device for femoral neck fractures according to claim 9, wherein the sleeve has an external thread at the front end thereof, and the terminal nut has an internal thread matching the external thread.