CN211377638U - Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries - Google Patents
Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN211377638U CN211377638U CN202020070237.8U CN202020070237U CN211377638U CN 211377638 U CN211377638 U CN 211377638U CN 202020070237 U CN202020070237 U CN 202020070237U CN 211377638 U CN211377638 U CN 211377638U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a charging and discharging protection circuit for a plurality of batteries, which comprises a battery, a processing device, a power tube and a control tube; wherein a plurality of the batteries are connected in series, and each battery is connected with the processing device through a corresponding power tube; the processing device is also connected with a control tube; the processing device comprises a voltage control device and a level analysis device; the input end of the voltage control device is connected with the battery, the output end of the voltage control device is connected with the input end of the level analysis device, and the output end of the level analysis device is connected with the power tube. The utility model discloses a charge-discharge protection circuit adopts inside battery level contact detection method, when one or more battery appears unusually, can accurately in time judge the state of battery itself and send alarm signal immediately to break off corresponding battery or carry out the short circuit to it so that this protection circuit continues work.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electronic circuit technical field especially relates to a charge-discharge protection circuit for multisection battery.
Background
With the rapid development of smart homes and internet of things, mobile power supply occasions are more and more, such as smart robot series equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle series equipment and the like, multiple batteries for supplying power are installed in the equipment, and the batteries provide enough energy for each application equipment; in addition, mobile power supply devices are also available in the current popular power tools, for example, in electric bicycles equipped with mobile power supplies, which all use multiple batteries.
However, the core technology of the battery protection circuit matched with the same is mastered in TI and a few foreign companies, and the multi-section battery protection circuit developed by the domestic companies only stops charging detection, overshoot and overdischarge detection, but does not protect the series-connected batteries when the series-connected batteries are abnormal, if one battery is in poor contact due to external reasons, the series-connected circuit is disconnected, and the power supply of the whole system is cut off; if the unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted, crash can occur; if the electric vehicle is used, the instant cut-off phenomenon can occur, and great danger is caused to users.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a charge-discharge protection circuit for multisection battery, this charge-discharge protection circuit adopt inside battery level contact to detect, in time judge the state of battery itself and with multisection battery protection system contact state to in time make emergent response, make this protection circuit can continue work, can also send alarm signal simultaneously, in order to supply the user in time to revise.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a charge-discharge protection circuit for multisection battery, this charge-discharge protection circuit includes battery, processing apparatus, power tube and control tube;
wherein a plurality of the batteries are connected in series, and each battery is connected with the processing device through a corresponding power tube; the processing device is also connected with a control tube, and the control tube is used for controlling the power tube to be opened or closed according to the charging/discharging state of the battery;
the processing device comprises a voltage control device and a level analysis device; the input end of the voltage control device is connected with the battery, the output end of the voltage control device is connected with the input end of the level analysis device, and the output end of the level analysis device is connected with the power tube.
Furthermore, the level analyzing device is connected with the MCU controller, and sends an alarm signal to the MCU controller.
Furthermore, the charge and discharge protection circuit further comprises a resistor, one end of the resistor is connected with the battery and the processing device, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the control tube.
Further, the level analyzing device comprises an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, and the analog comparator is connected with the digital gate circuit.
Further, the voltage control device comprises a comparator and a level processor; the first input end of the comparator is connected with a pin of the processing device, the second input end of the comparator is connected with the anode of the battery, the output end of the comparator is connected with the level processor, and the output end of the level processor is connected with the level analyzing device.
Further, the level processor comprises an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, and the analog comparator is connected with the digital gate circuit.
Furthermore, the control tube is an NMOS power tube or a PMOS power tube.
Further, the control tube comprises a plurality of NMOS power tubes connected in series or a plurality of PMOS power tubes connected in series.
Further, the battery comprises a first battery, a second battery and a third battery; the power tube comprises a first power tube, a second power tube and a third power tube;
the positive electrode of the first battery is respectively connected with the source electrode of the first power tube and the first pin of the processing device;
the negative electrode of the first battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the first power tube, the second pin, the third pin and the source electrode of the second power tube;
the anode of the second battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the first power tube, the source electrode of the second power tube and the third pin of the processing device;
the negative electrode of the second battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the second power tube, the fourth pin, the fifth pin and the source electrode of the third power tube;
the positive electrode of the third battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the second power tube, the source electrode of the third power tube and the fifth pin of the processing device;
and the negative electrode of the third battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the third power tube and the sixth pin and the seventh pin of the processing device.
Further, the battery is a battery, a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery.
The utility model discloses a charge-discharge protection circuit for multisection battery adopts inside battery level contact detection method, when one or multisection battery appears unusually, can accurately judge the state of battery itself and battery and protection system's contact state in time, this multisection battery protection circuit can make emergent response immediately, if break corresponding battery or carry out short circuit to it etc. can make this protection circuit continue to work; and an alarm signal is sent to an external MCU control module through the level analysis device so as to be convenient for a user to maintain and process in time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first voltage control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a control tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the processing device-100, the first voltage control device-110, the second voltage control device-120, the third voltage control device-130, the level analyzing device-140; a first comparator-111; second comparator-112
A first battery-210, a second battery-220, a third battery-230;
first power tube-N1A second power tube-N2A third power tube-N3Fourth power tube-N4The fifth power tube-N5；
A resistor-300 and a control tube-400.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the functions, methods, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The present specification and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to," and "couple" is meant to encompass both direct and indirect electrical connections. Therefore, if the first circuit is coupled to the second circuit, it means that the first circuit can be directly electrically connected to the second circuit, or indirectly connected to the second circuit through other components such as resistors.
The present embodiment provides a charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries, and specifically, please refer to fig. 1, where fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention; the charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries comprises a processing device 100, a first battery 210, a second battery 220, a third battery 230, and a first power tube N1A second power tube N2A third power tube N3Resistor 300 and control tube 400; for example, the model of the processing device 100 may be csc 15001;
wherein the first, second and third batteries 210, 220, 230 are connected in series;
the positive electrode of the first battery 210 and the first power transistor N respectively1Is connected to the first pin of processing device 100; the first battery 210 is also connected to a first external input terminal P1, the first external input terminal P1Connecting with an external load;
the negative electrode of the first battery 210 and the first power transistor N1The drain of the processing device 100, the second and third pins of the processing device 100, and the source of the second power transistor N2;
the positive electrode of the second battery 220 and the first power transistor N1Drain electrode of the first power transistor N2Is connected to the third pin of processing device 100;
the negative electrode of the second battery 220 and the second power transistor N2The drain of the processing device 100, the fourth and fifth pins of the processing device 100, and the source of the third power transistor 330;
the positive electrode of the third battery 230 and the second power transistor N2Drain electrode of (1), third power tube N3Is connected to the fifth pin of processing device 100;
the negative electrode of the third battery 230 and the third power transistor N3Is connected to the sixth and seventh pins of the processing apparatus 100 and to one end of the resistor 300;
the other end of the resistor 300 is connected with the input end of the control tube 400; the first output end of the control tube 400 is connected to the processing device 100, and the second output end of the control tube 400 is connected to the second external input end P2Is connected to the second external input terminal P2Connecting with an external load; the control tube 400 is used for controlling the on-off of the charging or discharging path of the multi-battery protection circuit.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the processing apparatus 100 includes a first voltage control device 110, a second voltage control device 120, a third voltage control device 130, and a level analyzing device 140;
a first input terminal of the first voltage control device 110 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery 210, a second input terminal of the first voltage control device 110 is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery 210, and an output terminal of the first voltage control device 110 is connected to a first input terminal of the level analyzing device 140; the first voltage control device 110 is configured to detect charge/discharge state data of the first battery 210, where the charge/discharge state data of the first battery 210 includes overvoltage detection data, undervoltage detection data, a charging speed, a discharging speed, and the like of the first battery 210, so as to determine whether the first battery 210 is abnormal;
a first input terminal of the second voltage control device 120 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery 220, a second input terminal of the second voltage control device 120 is connected to the negative electrode of the second battery 220, and an output terminal of the second voltage control device 120 is connected to a second input terminal of the level analyzing device 140; the second voltage control device 120 is configured to detect charge/discharge state data of the second battery 220, where the charge/discharge state data of the second battery 220 includes overvoltage detection data, undervoltage detection data, a charging speed, a discharging speed, and the like of the second battery 220, so as to determine whether the second battery 220 is damaged;
a first input terminal of the third voltage control device 130 is connected to the positive electrode of the third battery 230, a second input terminal of the third voltage control device 130 is connected to the negative electrode of the third battery 230, and an output terminal of the third voltage control device 130 is connected to a third input terminal of the level analyzing device 140; the third voltage control device 130 is configured to detect charge/discharge state data of the third battery 230, where the charge/discharge state data of the third battery 230 includes overvoltage detection data, undervoltage detection data, charging speed, discharging speed, and the like of the third battery 230, so as to determine whether the second battery 220 is damaged; the first output terminal of the level analyzer 140 is connected to the first power transistor N1A second output terminal of the level analyzing device 140 is connected to the second power transistor N2A third output terminal of the level analyzing device 140 is connected to the third power transistor N3A gate electrode of (1); the level analyzing device 140 is used for controlling the output signals of the first voltage control device 110, the second voltage control device 120 and the third voltage control device 130; further, the level analyzing device 140 generates an alarm signal, andand transmitting an alarm signal to an external MCU controller, and sending the alarm signal by the MCU controller.
The level analyzing device 140 includes an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, the analog comparator is connected to the digital gate circuit, the digital gate circuit includes an and gate, an or gate and an inverter, the analog comparator is a common CMOS or bipolar comparator in the prior art, the connection of specific devices of the level analyzing device 140 is in the prior art, which is not described herein again, and the model of the level analyzing device 140 may be yd 3358.
Further, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first voltage control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; the first voltage control device 110 includes a first comparator 111, a second comparator 112, and a level processor 113, where the level processor 113 includes an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, the analog comparator is connected to the digital gate circuit, the digital gate circuit includes an and gate, an or gate, and an inverter, the analog comparator is a CMOS or bipolar comparator commonly found in the prior art, and the connection of specific devices of the level processor 113 is the prior art, and is not described herein again.
A first input end of the first comparator 111 is connected to the first pin a of the processing apparatus 100, a second input end of the first comparator 111 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery 210, and an output end of the first comparator 111 is connected to an input end of the level processor 113; the first comparator 111 is used for comparing the first pin a of the processing apparatus 100 with a reference voltage VAA level value of;
a first input terminal of the second comparator 112 is connected to the second pin B of the processing apparatus 100, a second input terminal of the second comparator 112 is connected to the anode of the second battery 220, an output terminal of the second comparator 112 is connected to an input terminal of the level processor 113, and the second comparator 112 is configured to compare the second pin B of the processing apparatus 100 with a reference voltage VBA level value of;
the level processor 113 is configured to compare levels of the first pin a and the second pin B of the processing device, and send a comparison result to the level analyzing device 140.
Further, the control tube 400 may be an NMOS power tube or a PMOS power tube, or may be a plurality of NMOS power tubes connected in series or a plurality of PMOS power tubes connected in series;
preferably, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a control tube according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the control tube 500 includes a fourth power tube N connected in series4And a fifth power tube N5The fourth power tube N4And a fifth power tube N5Can be NMOS power tubes.
The battery in this embodiment may be a lithium battery, and may also be other types of batteries, such as a nickel-cadmium battery and a nickel-hydrogen battery, which are not limited herein.
The working state of the battery in the multi-battery protection circuit in this embodiment when charging is as follows:
before charging, firstly, testing the voltages at two ends of the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 which are connected in series, and if the difference between the batteries is smaller than (for example, the preset difference threshold value is 200mV), the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 enter a normal charging mode;
after the fixed time delay of a digital time delay module in the level processor; and then the two ends of the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 which are connected in series are detected and tested again, if the difference value between the voltage of the two ends of one battery and the voltage of the two ends of the other battery is higher than 500mV, the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 are judged to be different batteries, and O of the battery protection circuits is1、O2、O3The terminal outputs an alarm signal to prompt the user to replace the battery.
When the first battery 210, the second battery 220, and the third battery 230 of the multi-battery protection circuit are normally charged, the first voltage control device 110 detects the charging status data of the first battery 210, the second voltage control device 120 detects the charging status data of the second battery 220, and the third voltage control device 130 detects the charging process (trickle, constant current, and constant voltage) status of the third battery 230.
When an abnormality occurs in one of the batteries, e.g. the firstThe contact of the battery 210 is broken, and the first voltage control device 110 controls the first power transistor N1Is turned on, and continues to charge the second battery 220, the third battery 230, and the level-analyzing device 140 is turned on from O1The terminal outputs an alarm signal; similarly, if the contact of second battery 220 is broken, level analyzer 140 will output a signal from O2The terminal outputs an alarm signal; when the contact of the third battery 230 is disconnected, the level analyzer 140 outputs a signal from the output terminal3The terminal outputs an alarm signal;
when the initial voltage of one of the batteries is greater than the voltages of the other batteries, for example, when the initial voltage of the first battery 210 is greater than the initial voltages of the second battery 220 and the third battery 230, the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 start to be charged normally, the voltages of the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 are all increased along with the increase of the charging time, and when the first battery 210 is fully charged, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 are not charged yet, the first voltage control device in this embodiment turns on the first power tube N1And short-circuiting the first battery 210 to ensure that the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 can continue to be charged;
when one of the batteries is charged, for example, when the first battery 210 is charged, the level of the battery is not increased all the time, the first voltage control device 110 determines that the first battery 210 is a dead battery, and then the voltage control device opens the power tube corresponding to the battery and passes the determination signal through the first power tube N1The signal is sent to level analyzer 140, and level analyzer 140 passes through O1The terminal outputs an alarm signal, and the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 can continue to be charged;
when the first battery 210 and the second battery 220 are charged, the levels of the first battery 210 and the second battery 220 are not increased all the time, the first voltage control device 110 determines that the first battery 210 is a dead battery and transmits a determination signal to the first power transistor N1The voltage is sent to the level analyzer 140, and the second voltage controller 120 determines the second battery 220 as a dead battery and sends a determination signal to the second power transistor N2To level analyzing device 140, level analyzing device 140 sendsBy O1The terminal outputs an alarm signal and the third battery 230 can continue to be charged.
The operation states of the batteries in the multiple battery protection circuits during charging are only examples, and the batteries may be any one or more batteries of the multiple battery protection circuits.
The working state of the battery in the multi-battery protection circuit in the embodiment when discharging is as follows:
when the first battery 210, the second battery 220, and the third battery 230 of the multi-battery protection circuit are normally discharged, the three batteries are discharged at the same rate, the first voltage control device 110 detects the discharge state data of the first battery 210, the second voltage control device 120 detects the discharge state data of the second battery 220, the third voltage control device 130 detects the discharge state data of the third battery 230, and when the voltages of the first battery 210, the second battery 220, and the third battery 230 are detected to be the preset voltage thresholds (for example, the preset voltage threshold is 2.8V), the control tube 400 turns off the discharge loop of the multi-battery protection circuit;
when the external load connected with the first battery 210, the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 connected in series is short-circuited, the resistor 300 samples the current in the multi-battery protection circuit, and when the sampled current exceeds a preset current threshold, overcurrent protection is started to shut off a discharge path.
When the discharged voltage of one of the batteries reaches a preset voltage threshold (e.g., the preset voltage threshold is 2.8V), for example, after the first battery 210 is discharged, the first voltage control device 110 detects that the voltage of the first battery 210 reaches 2.8V, the second voltage control device 120 detects that the voltage of the second battery 220 is higher than 2.8V, and the third voltage control device 130 detects that the voltage of the third battery 230 is higher than 2.8V, then the first voltage control device 110 opens the first power tube N1And short-circuits the path of the first battery 210 to ensure that the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 can be discharged normally;
when one of the batteries is abnormal, for example, the first battery 210 is disconnected, the first voltage control device 110 turns on the first power transistor N1And short-circuits the path of the first battery 210 to ensure that the second battery 220 and the third battery 230 can be discharged normally.
The operation state of the batteries in the multiple battery protection circuits during discharging is only an example, and the batteries may be any one or more batteries of the multiple battery protection circuits.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a charge-discharge protection circuit for multisection battery adopts inside battery level contact detection method, when one or more battery appears unusually, can accurately judge the state of battery itself and battery and protection system's contact state in time, and this multisection battery protection circuit can make emergency response immediately, makes this protection circuit continue work if break corresponding battery or carry out short circuit etc. to it; and an alarm signal is sent to an external MCU control module through the level analysis device so as to be convenient for a user to maintain and process in time.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A charge-discharge protection circuit for a plurality of batteries, characterized in that: the charge-discharge protection circuit comprises a battery, a processing device, a power tube and a control tube;
wherein a plurality of the batteries are connected in series, and each battery is connected with the processing device through a corresponding power tube; the processing device is also connected with a control tube, and the control tube is used for controlling the power tube to be opened or closed according to the charging/discharging state of the battery;
the processing device comprises a voltage control device and a level analysis device; the input end of the voltage control device is connected with the battery, the output end of the voltage control device is connected with the input end of the level analysis device, and the output end of the level analysis device is connected with the power tube.
2. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein said level analyzer is connected to the MCU controller, and said level analyzer sends an alarm signal to the MCU controller.
3. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, further comprising a resistor, wherein one end of the resistor is connected to the battery and the processing device, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the control tube.
4. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein said level analyzing means comprises an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, said analog comparator is connected to said digital gate circuit.
5. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein said voltage control means comprises a comparator and a level processor; the first input end of the comparator is connected with a pin of the processing device, the second input end of the comparator is connected with the anode of the battery, the output end of the comparator is connected with the level processor, and the output end of the level processor is connected with the level analyzing device.
6. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 5, wherein said level processor comprises an analog comparator and a digital gate circuit, said analog comparator is connected with said digital gate circuit.
7. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein the control transistor is an NMOS power transistor or a PMOS power transistor.
8. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein said control tube comprises a plurality of series connected NMOS power tubes or a plurality of series connected PMOS power tubes.
9. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to claim 1, wherein the batteries comprise a first battery, a second battery, a third battery; the power tube comprises a first power tube, a second power tube and a third power tube;
the positive electrode of the first battery is respectively connected with the source electrode of the first power tube and the first pin of the processing device;
the negative electrode of the first battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the first power tube, the second pin, the third pin and the source electrode of the second power tube;
the anode of the second battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the first power tube, the source electrode of the second power tube and the third pin of the processing device;
the negative electrode of the second battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the second power tube, the fourth pin, the fifth pin and the source electrode of the third power tube;
the positive electrode of the third battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the second power tube, the source electrode of the third power tube and the fifth pin of the processing device;
and the negative electrode of the third battery is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the third power tube and the sixth pin and the seventh pin of the processing device.
10. The charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery is a nickel cadmium battery or a nickel hydrogen battery.
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| CN202020070237.8U CN211377638U (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries |
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| CN202020070237.8U CN211377638U (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Charging and discharging protection circuit for multiple batteries |
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