CN211375364U - Multichannel multi-type analog sensor access circuit - Google Patents
Multichannel multi-type analog sensor access circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN211375364U CN211375364U CN201922449074.4U CN201922449074U CN211375364U CN 211375364 U CN211375364 U CN 211375364U CN 201922449074 U CN201922449074 U CN 201922449074U CN 211375364 U CN211375364 U CN 211375364U
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Abstract
Multichannel polymorphic type analog sensor access circuit relates to data acquisition technical field. The utility model discloses a: the multi-channel selection switch comprises M primary input ends, a primary output end and a primary input and output control end, wherein the primary input ends are used for being connected with the sensors; the signal conditioning circuit selection switch comprises a secondary input end, N secondary output ends and a secondary input and output control end, wherein the secondary input end is connected with the primary output end; the N multi-channel signal conditioning circuits are in one-to-one corresponding connection with the N secondary output ends, and the output ends of the multi-channel signal conditioning circuits are connected to the high-precision AD conversion circuit; m is an integer greater than 4, and N is an integer greater than 2. Based on the utility model discloses data acquisition appearance circuit structure that the technique founded is simple, and the reliability is high, the consumption is little, and is small, is applicable to the automatic monitoring system of railway infrastructure, can effectively reduce the monitoring site construction and lay the degree of difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a data acquisition technical field.
Background
Along with the rapid development of domestic high-speed railways, railway construction and operation safety are more and more highly emphasized by railway management departments, and railway infrastructure and operation environment automatic monitoring systems are more and more widely applied. Aiming at railway infrastructures such as roadbeds, bridges and tunnels, various sensors of different types are needed to monitor parameters of various fault work points in real time, such as surface displacement monitoring, disturbance monitoring and reinforcing steel bar stress monitoring in a bridge monitoring mode; monitoring stress strain and settlement in the aspect of tunnel monitoring; soil pressure monitoring, anchor rod stress monitoring and the like in the aspect of slope monitoring, and most sensors applied to the monitoring fields are analog quantity sensors. The analog sensors are classified into voltage type, current type, resistance type and the like according to different types of output data, and the ranges of the output data of the voltage type and the current type sensors of various manufacturers are different. The analog quantity sensors used in the railway infrastructure automatic monitoring system are various, and the data acquisition instrument is particularly important for simultaneously and compatibly acquiring various sensors and accessing multi-channel sensors.
At present, most of the existing methods adopt a relay to switch a sampling channel to realize the signal acquisition of a multi-channel multi-type analog quantity sensor. However, the relay in the method has high noise and needs a driving circuit, so that the method has the disadvantages of complex circuit, high power consumption and large volume of a data acquisition instrument, and is not suitable for being applied to occasions with insufficient power supply and high reliability requirements.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an analog quantity sensor access circuit that the circuit is simple, the reliability is high and the low power dissipation is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is that the multichannel and multi-type analog quantity sensor access circuit is characterized by comprising the following components:
the multi-channel selection switch comprises M primary input ends, a primary output end and a primary input and output control end, wherein the primary input ends are used for being connected with the sensors;
the signal conditioning circuit selection switch comprises a secondary input end, N secondary output ends and a secondary input and output control end, wherein the secondary input end is connected with the primary output end;
n multi-channel signal conditioning circuits, which are connected with N secondary output terminals in a one-to-one correspondence manner,
the output end of the multi-path signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision AD conversion circuit;
m is an integer greater than 4, and N is an integer greater than 2.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a processor, wherein the input end of the processor is connected with the output end of the high-precision AD conversion circuit, and the processor is also connected with a wireless communication module.
The utility model adopts two multiplexer chips to switch the sampling channels of the sensor in time-sharing mode and switch the corresponding signal conditioning circuits, and can eliminate the mutual interference between multi-channel sampling; high-precision sampling is realized by adopting a 24-bit high-precision AD conversion chip; and a wireless module is adopted to realize wireless data transmission. Based on the utility model discloses data acquisition appearance circuit structure that the technique founded is simple, and the reliability is high, the consumption is little, and is small, is applicable to the automatic monitoring system of railway infrastructure, can effectively reduce the monitoring site construction and lay the degree of difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of data acquisition of four types of analog sensors according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel switching and signal conditioning circuit switching circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a (0-5) V voltage type signal conditioning circuit diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the (0-20) mA current type signal conditioning circuit of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the voltage conditioning circuit of the present invention, which is (-2.5) V.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the current type conditioning circuit of (-15 to 15) mA.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a multichannel polymorphic type analog sensor access circuit, include:
the multi-channel selection switch comprises M primary input ends, a primary output end and a primary input and output control end, wherein the primary input ends are used for being connected with the sensors;
the signal conditioning circuit selection switch comprises a secondary input end, N secondary output ends and a secondary input and output control end, wherein the secondary input end is connected with the primary output end;
n multi-channel signal conditioning circuits, which are connected with N secondary output terminals in a one-to-one correspondence manner,
the output end of the multi-path signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision AD conversion circuit;
m is an integer greater than 4, and N is an integer greater than 2.
Based on the technology of the utility model, found a multichannel polymorphic type analog sensor's data acquisition instrument, including the R analog sensor of outside access (R1, 2 … 8), multichannel option switch, signal conditioning circuit option switch, multichannel signal conditioning circuit, high accuracy AD converting circuit, Cortex-M3 treater and wireless module. The multi-channel selection switch is connected with an external multi-channel analog quantity sensor to switch sampling channels, the output of the multi-channel selection switch is connected with a signal conditioning circuit selection switch at the rear end, the signal conditioning circuit selection switch switches corresponding signal conditioning circuits according to the types of the sensors, the multi-channel signal conditioning circuits are connected with a high-precision AD conversion circuit, the AD conversion circuit converts analog signals into digital quantity and transmits the digital quantity to a Cortex-M3 processor for data processing, and the Cortex-M3 processor wirelessly transmits the data to a central system through a wireless module for storage and display.
The multichannel selection switch can automatically switch sampling channels in a time-sharing mode by adopting a multiplexer chip according to the channel number of each access sensor configured by the upper computer.
The signal conditioning circuit selection switch can adopt a multiplexer chip with the same type to switch the signal conditioning circuit corresponding to each sensor type according to the type of each access sensor configured by the upper computer software.
The multi-channel signal conditioning circuit conditions the analog quantity signal of the sensor to the sampling channel voltage input range of the rear-end high-precision AD conversion chip. And the high-precision AD conversion circuit at the rear end converts the analog signal into a digital quantity, and transmits the digital quantity to the Cortex-M3 processor for data processing such as digital filtering, interference signal suppression and the like.
The high-precision AD conversion chip adopted by the high-precision AD conversion circuit has 8 sampling channels and 24-bit sampling precision, and is communicated with a Cortex-M3 processor through an SPI.
The Cortex-M3 processor processes the sampling data, is connected with the wireless module, and wirelessly transmits the data to the central system for storage and display through a 433MHz channel.
An example is shown in figure 2.
The embodiment has four types of analog quantity sensors, and the types of data output by the sensors comprise voltage types of 0-5V and-2.5V, and current types of 0-20 mA and-15 mA. This embodiment uses two pieces of multiplexer chips-ADG 1408, as the multi-channel selection switch and signal conditioning circuit selection switch. When a plurality of external analog quantity sensors are accessed into the data acquisition instrument, the channel numbers and types of the access sensors of the data acquisition instrument are configured through software of an upper computer, and a first ADG1408 (a chip U3), namely a multichannel selection switch, switches sampling channels in a time-sharing manner according to the channel numbers configured by the upper computer; the second ADG1408 (chip U4), namely a signal conditioning circuit selection switch, receives the analog quantity signal of the chip U3 switched in a time-sharing way, and then automatically switches to and is connected with the corresponding signal conditioning circuit according to the type of the sensor configured by the upper computer; the four-path signal conditioning circuit conditions analog quantity signals of the four sensors to a sampling channel voltage input range of a rear-end high-precision ADC chip; the high-precision ADC chip adopts ADS1256 of TI company, which has 8 sampling channels and 24-bit conversion precision, wherein four sampling channels are connected with the output of the four-channel signal conditioning circuit, and the ADS1256 converts the sampled analog signals into digital quantity and then is connected with a Cortex-M3 processor through an SPI form.
The multichannel switches and signal conditioning circuit switching circuit schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3, the utility model discloses can connect 8 passageway analog quantity sensors. The sensor signal is accessed to a source end Sx (x is 1,2 … … 8) of a chip U3, the source end Sx of the chip U3 is connected with a drain end D of the chip U4 in a time-sharing mode according to a sensor channel number configured by an upper computer, the drain end D of the chip U3 is connected with the drain end D of the chip U4, and the drain end D of the chip U4 is connected with the source end Sx (x is 1,2 … … 8) of the chip U4 in a time-sharing mode according to a sensor type configured by the upper computer and is connected with a signal conditioning circuit corresponding to the sensor type.
The schematic diagram of the four-path signal conditioning circuit of the utility model is shown in fig. 4, the output range of the 0-5V voltage type sensor is in the voltage input range of the ADS1256 sampling channel, only a voltage follower circuit is needed to be added for matching the output impedance of the sensor, and the resistor R35 is used for preventing the configured channel from being interfered by other channels when the channel is in no-load state and acquiring wrong voltage; -2.The negative voltage output of the 5-2.5V voltage type sensor is not in the voltage input range of the ADS1256 sampling channel, the negative voltage output needs to be conditioned to be in the range of 0-5V, and the final output voltage of the conditioning circuit and the input signal are in the relation formula through the biasing circuit and the addition/proportion circuit: u shapeo＝U in2+ 2.5; r34 in a conditioning circuit of the 0-20 mA current type sensor is a sampling resistor, a current signal is converted into a voltage signal, and a relation between the final output voltage and the input signal of the conditioning circuit is as follows through a proportional circuit: u shapeo0.2 × i; r45 in a conditioning circuit of the 15-15 mA current type sensor is a sampling resistor, a current signal is converted into a voltage signal, the converted negative voltage needs to be subjected to voltage offset through a bias circuit, and a relational expression of an output voltage and an input signal obtained through an adding/proportional circuit is as follows: u shapeo＝0.1*i+2.5。
The utility model discloses use four types of analog quantity sensors as an example, there are four ways signal conditioning circuit corresponding, if the analog quantity sensor that uses other types need to be used at the application scene carries out data monitoring, only need modify the signal conditioning circuit that corresponds according to sensor output data type, perhaps the sensor type of actual use is greater than 4, only need increase corresponding signal conditioning circuit, this data acquisition instrument maximum support 8 ways signal conditioning circuit's switching, support 8 types of analog quantity sensor's access promptly.
Claims (2)
1. Multichannel polymorphic type analog sensor access circuit, its characterized in that includes:
the multi-channel selection switch comprises M primary input ends, a primary output end and a primary input and output control end, wherein the primary input ends are used for being connected with the sensors;
the signal conditioning circuit selection switch comprises a secondary input end, N secondary output ends and a secondary input and output control end, wherein the secondary input end is connected with the primary output end;
n multi-channel signal conditioning circuits, which are connected with N secondary output terminals in a one-to-one correspondence manner,
the output end of the multi-path signal conditioning circuit is connected to the high-precision AD conversion circuit;
m is an integer greater than 4, and N is an integer greater than 2.
2. The multi-channel multi-type analog sensor access circuit of claim 1, further comprising a processor, wherein the processor is connected with the high-precision AD conversion circuit through an SPI interface, and the processor is further connected with a wireless communication module.
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| CN201922449074.4U CN211375364U (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Multichannel multi-type analog sensor access circuit |
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| CN201922449074.4U CN211375364U (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Multichannel multi-type analog sensor access circuit |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112233405A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 河北匠心智联软件技术有限公司 | Internet of things acquisition module with ammeter |
| CN112857428A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-28 | 安徽络嵌控制系统有限公司 | High-precision multichannel wireless transmitter |
| CN113687625A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 菲尼克斯(南京)智能制造技术工程有限公司 | Configurable circuit module of analog channel type |
-
2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201922449074.4U patent/CN211375364U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112233405A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 河北匠心智联软件技术有限公司 | Internet of things acquisition module with ammeter |
| CN112857428A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-28 | 安徽络嵌控制系统有限公司 | High-precision multichannel wireless transmitter |
| CN113687625A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-11-23 | 菲尼克斯(南京)智能制造技术工程有限公司 | Configurable circuit module of analog channel type |
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