CN211367395U - Glass structure - Google Patents

Glass structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211367395U
CN211367395U CN201920591474.6U CN201920591474U CN211367395U CN 211367395 U CN211367395 U CN 211367395U CN 201920591474 U CN201920591474 U CN 201920591474U CN 211367395 U CN211367395 U CN 211367395U
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glass
glass structure
mold
layer
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上原基挥
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AGC Inc
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Asahi Glass Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/07—Suction moulds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

A glass structure has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface has a plurality of projections and recesses adjacent to each other. The front end of the convex part is a curved surface shape with a curvature radius of 0.1-10 mm. Thus, a glass structure having high strength, excellent appearance and high prominence can be obtained.

Description

Glass structure
The present application is a divisional application of an application entitled "glass structure and mold" having an application number of 201690001362.5, filed on 17.5.2018.
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a glass structure, a mould and a manufacturing method of the glass structure.
Background
As shown in fig. 12, patent document 1 discloses a decorative glass 110 including a smooth first surface 112 and a second surface 114 opposite to the first surface 112. The second surface 114 is an engraved surface defined by a plurality of engraved surfaces 116a, 116b, 116c, 116 d. The plurality of engraved surfaces 116a, 116b, 116c, 116d cooperate with each other to form a protrusion 117 a. Here, the tip of the projection 117a is sharp, and there is a possibility that problems occur in strength, texture, appearance, and the like. Moreover, the possibility of occurrence of cracks, flaws, or the like is increased even from the sharp tip shape as a starting point in the production process, and this also becomes a factor of significantly reducing the production efficiency.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 3184522 publication
Disclosure of Invention
Problem to be solved by utility model
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength glass structure having high protrusion and excellent appearance, a mold for molding the glass structure, and a method for manufacturing the glass structure.
Means for solving the problems
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following structure.
(1) A glass structure having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface,
the first surface has a plurality of convex portions and concave portions,
the front end of the convex part is in a curved surface shape.
(2) A glass structure having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface,
the first surface has a plurality of projections and recesses adjacent to each other,
the front end of the convex part is in a curved surface shape with the curvature radius of 0.1-10 mm.
(3) The glass structure according to (1) or (2), wherein an arithmetic average roughness of the tip of the convex portion is smaller than an arithmetic average roughness of the other portion of the first surface.
(4) The glass structure according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein an arithmetic average roughness of the tip of the projection is 500nm or less.
(5) The glass structure according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein an angle formed by opposing surfaces of a pair of the adjacent projections is 30 to 150 °.
(6) The glass structure according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein an aspect ratio of the projection obtained by dividing the height by the width of the projection is 0.13 to 1.9.
(7) The glass structure according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein an aspect ratio of the recess obtained by dividing a depth by a width of the recess is 0.13 to 1.9.
(8) A mold has a molding surface on which a plurality of mold protrusions and mold recesses are formed adjacent to each other, and is used for molding a glass structure.
(9) The mold according to (8), wherein a bottom of the mold concave is a curved surface having a radius of curvature of 0.1 to 10 mm.
(10) The mold according to (8) or (9), wherein an arithmetic mean roughness of a bottom portion of the mold recess is smaller than an arithmetic mean roughness of other portions of the molding surface.
(11) The mold according to any one of (8) to (10), wherein a surface roughness of a bottom portion of the mold concave portion is 20000nm or less.
(12) The mold according to any one of (8) to (11), wherein an angle formed by opposing faces of a pair of adjacent mold recesses is 30 to 150 °.
(13) The mold according to any one of (8) to (12), wherein an aspect ratio of the mold recess obtained by dividing a depth of the mold recess by a width is 0.13 to 1.9.
(14) The mold according to any one of (8) to (13), wherein an aspect ratio of the mold protrusion obtained by dividing a height of the mold protrusion by a width is 0.13 to 1.9.
(15) A method for producing a glass structure, wherein a glass substrate is molded by the mold according to any one of (8) to (14) to obtain the glass structure having a convex portion and a concave portion,
the glass substrate has a first face and a second face opposite the first face,
the first surface of the glass base material is brought into contact with the molding surface of the mold, and a plurality of concave portions and convex portions corresponding to the plurality of mold convex portions and mold concave portions are formed on the first surface.
(16) The method for manufacturing a glass structure according to (15), wherein the first surface of the glass base material is molded so as not to contact with a bottom of the mold recess.
(17) The method for producing a glass structure according to (15) or (16), wherein the glass base material is formed by differential pressure forming.
Effect of the utility model
According to the present invention, since the front end of the convex portion has a curved surface shape, high strength, excellent appearance, and high productivity can be obtained.
In particular, according to the present invention, since the distal end of the projection has a curved surface shape with a radius of curvature of 0.1 to 10mm, the projection has an effect of ensuring excellent appearance and strength against external impact, and also suppressing occurrence of cracks, chipping, or the like in the production process, thereby achieving high productivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) are cross-sectional views of the glass structure, respectively.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the glass structure in which the resin layer and the glass are disposed on the second surface.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the glass structure when the light source is disposed on the second surface.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a glass substrate and a mold.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a glass substrate and a mold.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a glass substrate and a mold.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a glass substrate and a mold.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the first to third molds of the embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of first to third molds according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a photograph showing a perspective view of the glass structure of the example.
FIG. 11 is a photograph showing a perspective view of the glass structure of the example.
Fig. 12(a) is a perspective view and fig. 12(b) is a plan view of the decorative glass of patent document 1.
Fig. 13 shows an example in which a pair of glass structures are combined.
Fig. 14 is a graph showing the results of measuring the cross-sectional shape of a part of the molded body.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged graph of the XV portion of fig. 14.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Furthermore, various modifications, substitutions, and the like may be made to the following embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
(glass Structure)
The glass structure 1 of the present embodiment has a first surface 3 and a second surface 5 opposed to the first surface 3 in the thickness direction of the glass structure 1 as shown in fig. 1(a), and is substantially flat as a whole. Thereafter, the thickness direction of the glass structure 1 is defined as the Z direction, and the directions perpendicular to the Z direction are defined as the X direction and the Y direction. The first surface 3 has a planar portion 6 and a plurality of convex portions 7 and concave portions 9 formed on the planar portion 6 and adjacent to each other in the X direction. The convex portions 7 and the concave portions 9 of the present embodiment have a substantially triangular shape in cross section extending in the Y direction, but the shapes, the positions of the convex portions 7 and the concave portions 9, and the like are not particularly limited. For example, the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 may extend in the X direction and be adjacent to each other in the Y direction.
When the cross section of the glass structure 1 is observed, the tip 7a of the projection 7 has a curved surface shape. The curved shape of the distal end portion 7a provides the effects of high strength, excellent appearance, and high productivity. When the cross section of the glass structure 1 is observed, the radius of curvature of the distal end portion 7a is 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 2 mm. By setting the radius of curvature of the distal end portion 7a in the above range, the strength and the appearance can be simultaneously achieved. If the radius of curvature of the tip portion 7a is less than 0.1mm, the strength may be reduced, and if it exceeds 10mm, the appearance may be impaired. The distal end portion 7a is a portion that is formed with an arbitrary curvature depending on the degree of progress of glass with respect to, for example, a bottom portion 29a of a mold concave portion 29 described later.
The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the tip portion 7a of the convex portion 7 (the portion of the convex portion 7 having the curved surface shape) is preferably set to be smaller than the arithmetic average roughness of the other portions of the first surface 3, that is, the arithmetic average roughness of the flat portion 6, the portion of the convex portion 7 other than the tip portion 7a, and the concave portion 9. This improves the strength of the tip end portion 7a of the projection 7, which is likely to come into contact with other members. The arithmetic average roughness is measured by JIS B0601: 2001(ISO 4287: 1997).
More specifically, the arithmetic average roughness of the distal end portion 7a of the projection 7 is preferably 500nm or less, more preferably 200nm or less, and still more preferably 50nm or less. This has the following effects: the method can reduce the cracks causing the strength reduction and can obtain products with excellent aesthetic property. If the arithmetic average roughness of the tip portion 7a is larger than 500nm, the strength is lowered and the appearance is deteriorated.
The arithmetic average roughness of the portions of the first surface 3 other than the distal end portions 7a of the convex portions 7, that is, the arithmetic average roughness of the portions of the flat portions 6 and the convex portions 7 other than the distal end portions 7a and the concave portions 9 is preferably 20000nm or less, more preferably 10000nm or less, still more preferably 5000nm or less, and particularly preferably 1000nm or less. This has the effect of improving the transparency of the glass structure 1. When the arithmetic average roughness of the portion of the first surface 3 other than the distal end portion 7a of the convex portion 7 is 1000nm or more, the haze (haze) of the portion is larger than that of the distal end portion 7a, and therefore, the appearance of the portion and the distal end portion 7a is inferior, and the appearance of the entire glass structure 1 can be provided.
When the glass structure 1 is viewed in cross section when cut in the thickness direction (Z direction), the angle α formed by the opposing surfaces 7b of the pair of adjacent projections 7 is preferably 30 to 150 °, more preferably 60 to 120 °, and even more preferably 75 to 110 °. By setting the angle α in the above range, high productivity in molding can be obtained, and the appearance of the product can be improved by shading.
The height-to-width ratio of the projection 7 obtained by dividing the height 7H in the Z direction by the width 7W in the X direction is preferably 0.13 to 1.9, more preferably 0.25 to 1.0, and still more preferably 0.35 to 0.75. This provides an effect of improving the appearance of the product by shading while achieving high productivity in molding. The width 7W in the X direction is preferably 0.5mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The width 7W in the X direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less. Thereby maintaining high productivity and obtaining an appearance with high aesthetic property. The height 7H in the Z direction is preferably 0.1mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The height 7H in the Z direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less.
The depth-to-width ratio of the recess 9, which is obtained by dividing the depth 9D in the Z direction by the width 9W in the X direction, is preferably 0.13 to 1.9, more preferably 0.25 to 1.0, and still more preferably 0.35 to 0.75. This provides an effect of improving the appearance of the product by shading while achieving high productivity in molding. The width 9W in the X direction is preferably 0.5mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The width 9W in the X direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less. Thereby maintaining high productivity and obtaining an appearance with high aesthetic property. The depth 9D in the Z direction is preferably 0.1mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The depth 9D in the Z direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less.
The plurality of projections 7 of the present embodiment are substantially equal in shape to each other, and have a uniform projection aspect ratio to each other. However, the plurality of projections 7 may have different shapes and may have different projection aspect ratios.
The plurality of recesses 9 of the present embodiment are substantially equal in shape to each other, and have a recess aspect ratio equal to each other. However, the plurality of recesses 9 may have different shapes and may have different recess aspect ratios.
The convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 of the present embodiment are substantially rotationally symmetrical to each other, and the convex aspect ratio and the concave aspect ratio are equal. However, the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 may not have mutually rotationally symmetrical shapes, and the convex portion aspect ratio and the concave portion aspect ratio may be different. In the present embodiment, the distal end portion 7a of the convex portion 7 has a curved surface shape, and the bottom portion 9a of the concave portion 9 has an acute angle shape, so that the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 are not strictly rotationally symmetrical. Therefore, as shown in fig. 1(b), the bottom 9a of the concave portion 9 may be formed into a curved surface shape, so that the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 may be formed into a rotationally symmetrical shape with each other.
The arithmetic average roughness of the second surface 5 is preferably 0.5nm to 100 nm. The second surface 5 has a groove 4 at a position overlapping the convex portion 7 of the first surface 3 in the XY direction, and the groove 4 is recessed in the same direction as the direction in which the convex portion 7 protrudes (downward direction in the drawing). The width in the X direction and the depth in the Z direction of the groove 4 are smaller than the width in the X direction 7W and the height in the Z direction 7H of the projection 7. Such grooves 4 are formed when the convex portions 7 and the concave portions 9 are formed on the first surface 3 of the glass structure 1 by differential pressure forming (for example, vacuum forming or pressure forming). In the case of differential pressure forming, the second surface 5, which is not in die contact, is less likely to reflect the shape of the die than the first surface 3, which is in die contact, and therefore the groove portions 4 are smaller than the projection portions 7. Therefore, the second surface 5 as a whole has a substantially planar shape.
The second surface 5 may not have the groove 4. Even when the second surface 5 has the grooves 4, the step of removing the grooves 4 on the second surface 5 can be performed. In this step, the second surface 5 is treated by grinding, polishing, or the like, so that the grooves 4 can be removed. This makes the second surface 5 flat, and therefore, excellent appearance can be obtained.
A printed layer may be formed on the first surface 3, the second surface 5, and the groove portions 4. This makes it possible to recognize colors and provide an excellent design when the structure 1 is viewed from the second surface 5 or the first surface 3.
A metal layer may be formed on the first surface 3, the second surface 5, and the groove 4. This makes it possible to recognize the metallic color and provide an excellent design when the structure 1 is visually recognized from the second surface 5 or the first surface 3. As a method for forming the metal layer, various methods such as plating and vapor deposition can be used. As the material of the metal layer, Al, Cr, Au, Cu, or an alloy thereof is suitable, but not limited thereto, and any material can be used.
The glass structure 1 is not limited to the above-described flat glass as a whole, and may be a bent glass at least partially bent or a bent glass entirely bent. The glass structure 1 may be a disk-like or annular glass structure, a bottomed cylinder as in the later-described examples (see fig. 10 and 11), or the like. That is, the shape of the glass structure 1 is not limited as long as it has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface.
Such a glass structure 1 can be used for various purposes, but is preferably used by being mounted on a carrier such as an automobile, a train, a ship, or an airplane. Further, when used for interior parts of a carrier such as an instrument panel, a head-up display (HUD), a dash panel, a center console, and a shift knob, the interior parts can be provided with high appearance, high-class feeling, and the like, and the interior design of the carrier can be improved. In addition, the interior component has durability against external impact. Further, since the above-described effects can be obtained, the present invention can be used for exterior parts such as signs, engine covers, and lighting covers, cover glasses and housings for mobile products such as smartphones, and the like. It should be noted that either the first surface 3 or the second surface 5 of the glass structure 1 may be the outer surface of the assembly (package), i.e., the surface that the user touches in a normal use state, but the substantially planar second surface 5 is preferably the outer surface of the assembly from the viewpoint of improving visibility.
When the second surface 5 is a surface to be touched by a user, it is preferable to remove the grooves 4 of the second surface 5 by the above-described step to flatten the second surface 5 from the viewpoint of appearance and texture. However, in this case, it takes a cost for removing the groove portions 4, and if the glass structure 1 is large, it is difficult to planarize the entire second surface 5. Therefore, as shown in fig. 2, the second surface 5 may be provided with a resin layer 61 to fill the groove 4, or may be provided with a flat glass 62. This makes it impossible to recognize the grooves on the second surface 5, thereby improving the appearance, texture, and the like.
When the first surface 3 is a surface to be touched by a user, the second surface 5 may be bonded to an object by allowing the resin layer 61 as described above to function as an adhesive layer. When the resin layer 61 is a colored film, the color can be recognized from the first surface 3 side, and the design is improved. Further, japanese paper, gold foil, or the like may be sandwiched between the second surface 5 and the resin layer 61. This can provide a sense of quality and improve design.
The plate thickness of the glass structure 1 is preferably 1mm or more and less than 10mm, more preferably 2mm or more and less than 8mm, and still more preferably 3mm or more and less than 6 mm. The "thickness of the glass structure 1" means a thickness between the flat portion of the first surface 3 and the flat portion of the second surface 5.
As shown in fig. 13, the pair of glass structures 1 may be arranged such that the first surfaces 3 thereof face each other with a gap therebetween. If an adhesive or the like is applied between the pair of first surfaces 3, the pair of glass structures 1 are less likely to be peeled off, and scattering of glass at the time of breakage can be suppressed. If printing combining a plurality of colors is performed between the pair of first surfaces 3, or a textured structure such as japanese paper, gold foil, or the like is sandwiched, the user can obtain excellent appearance when viewed from the second surface 5 side. If the irregularities formed on the first surface 3 are linear extending from the front to the back of the paper, linear LED light sources can be arranged in the recesses 9, and a structure with excellent appearance can be realized.
In order to ensure the necessary mechanical strength and scratch resistance, the glass structure 1 may be subjected to a strengthening treatment on at least one of the main surfaces, and the strengthening treatment may be physical strengthening or chemical strengthening. When the average thickness of the glass structure 1 is small, a strengthening treatment by chemical strengthening is preferable. The glass structure 1 is chemically strengthened to form a compressive stress layer on the surface, thereby improving the strength and scratch resistance. Chemical strengthening is a treatment of forming a compressive stress layer on the glass surface by ion-exchanging alkali metal ions (typically, Li ions or Na ions) having a small ionic radius on the glass surface with alkali metal ions (typically, Na ions or K ions) having a larger ionic radius at a temperature not higher than the glass transition temperature. The chemical strengthening treatment can be carried out by a known method, and usually the glass is immersed in a molten potassium nitrate salt. Potassium carbonate may be added to the molten salt in an amount of about 10 mass%. This enables the surface layer of the glass to be free from cracks and the like, thereby obtaining a high-strength glass. In the chemical strengthening, a silver component such as silver nitrate is mixed with potassium nitrate, and the mixture is ion-exchanged with glass to have silver ions on the surface, whereby antibacterial properties can be imparted. The chemical strengthening treatment is not limited to 1 time, and may be performed, for example, 2 times or more under different conditions.
The glass composition of the glass structure 1 is not particularly limited, and examples of the glass that can be chemically strengthened include soda-lime-silicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, lithium aluminosilicate glass, and borosilicate glass.
In order to appropriately perform chemical strengthening treatment, Li in the glass composition of the glass structure 12O and Na2The total content of O is preferably 12 mol% or more. Furthermore, with Li in the glass composition2The increase in the content of O lowers the glass transition temperature, and the molding becomes easy, so Li2The content of O is preferably 0.5 mol% or more, more preferably 1 mol% or more, and further preferably 2 mol% or more. In addition, the glass composition of the glass structure 1 preferably contains a glass composition for increasing the surface Compressive Stress (CS) and the Depth of Layer of Compressive Stress (Depth of Layer: DOL)Has more than 60 mol% of SiO 28 mol% or more of Al2O3. In the glass structure 1, the maximum value of the surface compressive stress of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 is preferably 400MPa or more, more preferably 500MPa or more, and still more preferably 600MPa or more. The depth of the compressive stress layer of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 is preferably 10 μm or more. Accordingly, by setting the surface compressive stress and the depth of the compressive stress layer within these ranges, excellent strength and abrasion resistance can be imparted to the first surface 3 and the second surface 5. The surface compressive stress and the depth of the compressive stress layer of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 may be equal to or different from each other.
Specific examples of the glass composition of the glass structure 1 include a composition containing 50 to 80% by mol of SiO20.1 to 25% of Al2O33 to 30% of Li2O+Na2O+K2O, 0 to 25% MgO, 0 to 25% CaO and 0 to 5% ZrO2The glass of (3) is not particularly limited. More specifically, the following glass compositions are listed. For example, "0 to 25% of MgO" means that MgO may be contained in an amount of up to 25%, although not necessarily. (i) The glass of (i) is contained in a soda-lime-silicate glass, and the glass of (ii) and (iii) is contained in an aluminosilicate glass.
(i) The composition contains 63-73% of SiO in mol%20.1 to 5.2% of Al2O310 to 16% of Na2O, 0 to 1.5% of K2O, 0-5% of Li2Glass containing O, 5-13% MgO and 4-10% CaO
(ii) The composition contains 50 to 74% of SiO in mol%21 to 10% of Al2O36 to 14% of Na2O, 3-11% of K2O, 0-5% of Li2O, 2-15% MgO, 0-6% CaO and 0-5% ZrO2，SiO2And Al2O3The total content of (A) is less than 75%, Na2O and K2The total content of O is 12-25%, and the total content of MgO and CaO is 7-15%Glass
(iii) The composition contains 68-80% SiO in mol%24 to 10% of Al2O35 to 15% of Na2O, 0 to 1% of K2O, 0-5% of Li2O, 4 to 15% of MgO and 0 to 1% of ZrO2Glass of
(iv) The composition contains 67 to 75% of SiO in mol% 20 to 4% of Al2O37-15% of Na2O, 1-9% of K2O, 0-5% of Li2O, 6 to 14% of MgO and 0 to 1.5% of ZrO2，SiO2And Al2O3The total content of (a) is 71-75%, and Na2O and K2A glass having a total O content of 12 to 20% and a CaO content of less than 1% when CaO is contained.
Next, a method for producing a flat glass plate for producing the glass structure 1 will be described. First, the raw materials of the respective components are prepared and synthesized into the above-described composition, and are heated and melted in a glass melting furnace. The glass is homogenized by foaming, stirring, addition of a refining agent, etc., and formed into a glass sheet having a predetermined thickness by a known forming method, followed by slow cooling. Examples of the glass forming method include a float method, a press method, a melting method, a down-draw method, and a rolling method. Particularly preferred is a float process suitable for mass production. Furthermore, a continuous molding method other than the float method, that is, a melting method and a downdraw method, is also preferable. A glass member formed into a flat plate shape by an arbitrary forming method is gradually cooled and then cut into a desired size. When more accurate dimensional accuracy is required, the cut glass member may be chamfered or polished. This can reduce cracking or chipping in the processing such as the molding step, and can improve the yield.
The glass structure 1 is preferably formed into a predetermined shape from a glass base material having a planar shape, a curved shape, or the like. The forming method to be used may be any method as long as it is a desired forming method selected from a differential pressure forming method (for example, a vacuum forming method, a pressure-air forming method, or the like), a self-weight forming method, a press forming method, or the like, in accordance with the shape of the glass structure 1 after forming.
The differential pressure forming method is a method of applying a differential pressure to the front and back surfaces of a glass substrate in a softened state to bend the glass substrate so as to conform to a mold and form the glass substrate into a predetermined shape. In the vacuum forming method, a glass substrate is set on a predetermined mold corresponding to the shape of the glass structure 1 after forming, a clamping mold is set on the glass substrate, and the periphery of the glass substrate is sealed. Then, the space between the mold and the glass substrate is depressurized by a pump, thereby applying a differential pressure to the front and back surfaces of the glass substrate. In the press-and-air molding method, a glass substrate is set in a predetermined mold corresponding to the shape of the glass structure 1 after molding, a clamping mold is set in the glass substrate, and the periphery of the glass substrate is sealed. Then, the upper surface of the glass substrate is pressurized with compressed air, and a differential pressure is applied to the front and back surfaces of the glass substrate. The vacuum forming method and the pressure forming method may be combined with each other.
The dead-weight forming method is a method in which a glass substrate is set on a predetermined mold corresponding to the shape of the glass structure 1 after forming, and then the glass substrate is softened and bent by gravity to conform to the mold, thereby forming the glass substrate into a predetermined shape.
The press molding method is a method in which a glass base material is set between predetermined molds (lower mold and upper mold) corresponding to the shape of the glass structure 1 after molding, and a pressing load is applied between the upper and lower molds in a state where the glass base material is softened, thereby bending the glass base material to conform to the molds, thereby molding the glass base material into a predetermined shape.
Of the above-described molding methods, the differential pressure molding method is particularly preferable as a method for obtaining the glass structure 1 having the uneven structure on the first surface 3. According to the differential pressure molding method, the second surface 5 of the opposing first surface 3 and second surface 5 of the glass structure 1 can be molded without contacting the molding die, and therefore, it is possible to reduce the defects of irregularities such as scratches and depressions. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving visibility, it is preferable that the second surface 5 be an outer surface of the assembly (module), that is, a surface on which a user touches in a normal use state.
Depending on the shape of the glass structure 1 after molding, 2 or more molding methods among the above-described molding methods may be used in combination.
In the glass structure 1, various functional layers may be formed on at least one of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 as necessary. Specific examples of such functional layers include an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, an antifouling layer, and a decorative layer.
In the glass structure 1, at least one of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 may be printed as necessary. This improves the appearance and concealing properties and provides an excellent appearance.
(anti-glare layer)
An antiglare layer may be formed on at least a part of the viewing surface of the glass structure 1. The method of treating the antiglare layer (hereinafter also referred to as antiglare treatment) is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of forming an uneven shape capable of imparting antiglare properties, and known methods can be used. As a method for treating the antiglare layer, for example, a method of forming a desired uneven surface roughness by chemically or physically treating at least a part of at least one of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 of the glass structure 1 may be used. As a treatment method, a coating liquid may be applied or sprayed to at least one of the first surface 3 and the second surface 5 of the glass structure 1 to deposit a film on the glass structure 1 and provide an uneven shape to form an antiglare layer.
Specifically, the antiglare treatment by a chemical method may be a method of performing a frosting treatment. The frosting treatment is performed by, for example, immersing the glass structure 1 as the object to be treated in a mixed solution of hydrogen fluoride and ammonium fluoride.
The antiglare treatment by a physical method may be performed by, for example, a so-called shot blasting treatment in which crystalline silica powder, silicon carbide powder, or the like is blown to the surface of the glass structure 1 by pressurized air, or a method in which a brush to which crystalline silica powder, silicon carbide powder, or the like is attached is wetted with water and the surface of the glass structure 1 is polished by the brush.
Among them, the frosting treatment as the chemical surface treatment is preferably used because microcracks are less likely to occur on the surface of the object to be treated and a decrease in strength of the glass structure 1 is less likely to occur.
It is preferable that at least one of the main surfaces of the antiglare treated glass structure 1 is subjected to an etching treatment for finishing the surface shape thereof. As the etching treatment, for example, a method of immersing the glass structure 1 in an etching solution that is an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride to chemically etch the glass structure can be used. The etching solution may contain an acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or citric acid in addition to hydrogen fluoride. By adding these acids to the etching solution, it is possible to suppress the local generation of precipitates due to the reaction between the hydrogen fluoride and the cationic components such as Na ions and K ions contained in the glass structure 1, and to uniformly progress the etching within the processing surface.
When the etching treatment is performed, the haze value of the antiglare surface of the glass structure 1 can be adjusted to a desired value by adjusting the etching amount by adjusting the concentration of the etching solution, the immersion time of the glass structure 1 in the etching solution, and the like. Further, in the case of performing an antiglare treatment by a physical surface treatment such as shot peening, cracks may occur, but such cracks can be removed by etching. Further, by the etching treatment, the effect of suppressing glare of the glass structure 1 after the stain-proofing treatment can be obtained.
The average haze at the measurement site at the site where the antiglare layer is formed is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and still more preferably 20% or less. If the haze value is 40% or less, the decrease in contrast can be sufficiently suppressed.
As a method for forming the antiglare film by applying the coating liquid, a known wet coating method (a spray coating method, an electrostatic coating method (electrostatic spray method), a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a die coating method, a curtain coating method, a screen coating method, an ink jet method, a flow coating method, a gravure coating method, a bar coating method, a flexographic coating method, a slit coating method, a roll coating method, or the like) or the like can be used.
Among them, the spray coating method and the electrostatic coating method are excellent as a deposited film. The glass structure 1 can be treated with a spraying device using a coating liquid to form a film, and the glass structure 1 can be subjected to an antiglare treatment. The spray coating method can change the haze value and the like over a wide range. This is because the concave-convex shape necessary for obtaining the desired characteristics can be relatively easily produced by freely changing the coating amount of the coating liquid and the material structure. Particularly, electrostatic coating is more preferable.
In the electrostatic coating method, an electrostatic coating device provided with an electrostatic coating gun is used to electrically charge and spray a coating liquid. The droplets of the coating liquid sprayed from the electrostatic coating gun are negatively charged and are drawn toward the grounded glass substrate by electrostatic attraction. Therefore, the coating is more efficiently attached to the glass structure 1 than when the coating is sprayed without being charged.
The antiglare treatment may be performed by 1 kind alone or 2 or more kinds in combination. For example, the anti-glare treatment by etching treatment, a spraying method using a coating solution, or the like is usually performed separately, but may be performed in combination.
(anti-reflection layer)
The structure of the antireflection layer is not particularly limited as long as it can suppress reflection of light, and for example, an antireflection film in which a high refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.9 or more at a wavelength of 550nm and a low refractive index layer having a refractive index of 1.6 or less at a wavelength of 550nm are laminated can be used.
The high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in the antireflection film may be in the form of including 1 layer each, but may be in the form of including 2 or more layers each. When the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer each include 2 or more layers, the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are preferably alternately stacked.
In order to improve the antireflection property, the antireflection film is preferably a laminate in which a plurality of layers are laminated, and for example, the laminate as a whole is preferably laminated with 2 or more and 8 or less layers, more preferably 2 or more and 6 or less layers, and still more preferably 2 or more and 4 or less layers. The laminate here is preferably a laminate in which the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer are laminated as described above, and the total number of layers of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is preferably in the above range.
The material of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected in consideration of the degree of antireflection property required, productivity, and the like. As a material constituting the high refractive index layer, for example, a material selected from niobium oxide (Nb) can be preferably used2O5) Titanium oxide (TiO)2) Zirconium oxide (ZrO)2) Tantalum oxide (Ta)2O5) And silicon nitride (SiN). As the material constituting the low refractive index layer, a material selected from silicon oxide (SiO) can be preferably used2) 1 or more of a material containing a mixed oxide of Si and Sn, a material containing a mixed oxide of Si and Zr, and a material containing a mixed oxide of Si and Al.
From the viewpoint of productivity or refractive index, it is preferable that the high refractive index layer is composed of 1 kind selected from niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, and silicon nitride, and the low refractive index layer is composed of silicon oxide.
(antifouling layer)
The anti-staining layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure capable of imparting anti-staining properties by having water repellency and oil repellency, but is preferably composed of an anti-glare film such as a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound coating film that is cured by a hydrolytic condensation reaction of a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound.
The thickness of the antifouling film is not particularly limited, but when the antifouling film is composed of a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound coating film, the thickness is preferably 2 to 20nm, more preferably 2 to 15nm, and still more preferably 2 to 10 nm. When the film thickness is 2nm or more, the antifouling layer is uniformly covered, and the coating film is practically durable in terms of abrasion resistance. Further, when the film thickness is 20nm or less, the optical characteristics of the glass structure after molding are good.
Examples of the method for forming the fluorine-containing organosilicon compound coating film include a method in which a composition of a silane coupling agent having a perfluoroalkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group including a perfluoro (polyoxyalkylene) chain, or the like is applied to the glass structure 1 or the functional layer by spin coating, dip coating, casting, slit coating, spray coating, or the like, and then, if necessary, heat treatment is performed, and a vacuum deposition method in which a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound is vapor-deposited on the surface of the adhesive layer and then, if necessary, heat treatment is performed. In order to obtain a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound coating film having high adhesion, it is preferably formed by a vacuum deposition method. The formation of the fluorine-containing organosilicon compound film by the vacuum deposition method is preferably performed using a film-forming composition containing a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound.
The composition for forming a coating film is not particularly limited as long as it is a composition containing a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound and capable of forming a coating film by a vacuum deposition method. The composition for forming a coating film may contain any component other than the fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound, or may be composed of only the fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound. Examples of the optional component include hydrolyzable silicon compounds having no fluorine atom (hereinafter referred to as "non-fluorine hydrolyzable silicon compounds") and catalysts used within a range not interfering with the effects of the present invention.
When the fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound and optionally the non-fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound are mixed with the composition for forming a coating film, the respective compounds may be mixed in their original states or may be mixed as a partial hydrolysis condensate thereof. Further, the compound may be mixed with the composition for forming a coating film as a mixture of the compound and a partial hydrolysis-condensation product thereof.
When 2 or more hydrolyzable silicon compounds are used in combination, each compound may be mixed with the composition for forming a coating film in an original state, or may be mixed as a partial hydrolysis condensate, or may be mixed as a partial hydrolysis co-condensate of 2 or more compounds. Further, a mixture of a compound thereof, a partial hydrolytic condensate and a partial hydrolytic cocondensate is also possible. However, the partial hydrolysis condensate and the partial hydrolysis cocondensate used have a structure having a polymerization degree of such an extent that vacuum deposition can be performed. Hereinafter, the term "hydrolyzable silicon compound" is used to include such a partial hydrolysis condensate and partial hydrolysis co-condensate, in addition to the compound itself.
The fluorinated hydrolyzable silicon compound used for forming the fluorinated organic silicon compound coating film of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the obtained fluorinated organic silicon compound coating film has antifouling properties such as hydrophobicity and oleophobicity.
Specifically, there may be mentioned a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound having 1 or more groups selected from the group consisting of a perfluoropolyether group, a perfluoroalkylene group, and a perfluoroalkyl group. These groups are present as fluorine-containing organic groups bonded directly to the silicon atom of the hydrolyzable silyl group or through a linking group. As commercially available fluorine-containing organosilicon compounds (fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compounds) having 1 or more groups selected from the group consisting of perfluoropolyether groups, perfluoroalkylene groups, and perfluoroalkyl groups, Afluid (registered trademark) S-550 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi glass company, Japan) and the like can be preferably used.
The commercially available fluorinated hydrolyzable silicon compound is used after removing the solvent when it is supplied together with the solvent. The composition for forming a coating film of the present invention is prepared by mixing the fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound with an optional component added as needed, and is used for vacuum evaporation.
The composition for forming a coating film containing a fluorine-containing hydrolyzable silicon compound is deposited on the surface of the adhesive layer and reacted to form a film, whereby a fluorine-containing organosilicon compound coating film can be obtained. As for the specific vacuum deposition method and reaction conditions, conventionally known methods and conditions can be applied.
(colored glass)
When the glass structure 1 is used after being colored, a colorant may be added within a range that does not inhibit achievement of the desired chemical strengthening properties. For example, the colorant may be Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, V, Bi, Se, Ti, Ce, Er, Nd, metal oxides having an absorption band in the visible region, Co3O4、MnO、MnO2、Fe2O3、 NiO、CuO、Cu2O、Cr2O3、V2O5、Bi2O3、SeO2、TiO2、CeO2、Er2O3、 Nd2O3And the like are preferred colorants.
When a colored glass is used as the glass structure 1, the glass may contain a coloring component (at least 1 component selected from the group consisting of metal oxides of Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, V, Bi, Se, Ti, Ce, Er, and Nd) in an amount of 7% or less in terms of oxide-based mole percentage. If it exceeds 7%, the glass is easily devitrified. The content thereof is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less, and further preferably 1% or less. In the case where priority is given to the visible light transmittance of the glass, these components are typically not contained.
SO may be appropriately contained as a refining agent at the time of melting glass3Chlorides, fluorides, and the like.
When chemically strengthened glass is used as the glass structure 1, it is preferable that at least 1 kind selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, silver ions, potassium ions, cesium ions, and rubidium ions is present on the surface of the glass structure 1. This causes compressive stress to be generated on the surface, and the glass is strengthened. Further, the surface of the antibacterial agent has silver ions to impart antibacterial properties.
The glass structure 1 may be in the form of a non-uniform material such as crystallized glass or phase-separated glass, from the viewpoint of improving appearance and increasing strength, within a range that does not hinder achievement of desired chemical strengthening properties as glass for various applications.
When white glass is used as the glass structure 1, glass subjected to crystallization treatment or phase separation treatment by thermal treatment may be used. By introducing a crystal or a phase separation region into the glass by crystallization or phase separation, white glass having high appearance can be obtained by utilizing scattering of visible light by a crystal grain boundary.
The number of the colored glass may be not only 1 but also 2 or more. For example, a structure in which black glass and white glass are thermally bonded may be used. This provides a contrast between white and black, and thus provides excellent appearance. The combination is not limited to this, and glass having a desired color may be used.
The glass structure 1 may be subjected to a functional film formation or a function imparting process such as an anti-fogging process.
The decorative member may be configured by disposing a light-emitting member such as a display device or a light source on the glass structure 1, and the glass structure 1 may have a concave-convex structure on the first surface 3 or the second surface 5. Examples of the display device include an FPD such as a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, and a plasma display, a projection screen, and electronic paper. As the light source, various structures such as an LED can be used, including a general bulb. In the example shown in fig. 3, a planar light source 63 is disposed on the second surface 5 via an adhesive (not shown). As the binder, conventionally known binders can be used, but a binder having an average transmittance of light having a wavelength of 400nm to 800nm of 95% or more is preferable. In this case, the user observes from the first surface 3 side. As described above, since the arithmetic average roughness of the tip portion 7a of the convex portion 7 of the first surface 3 is smaller than that of the other portion of the first surface 3, light is easily transmitted through the tip portion 7a, and light is easily scattered in the other portion. Therefore, when the first surface 3 is observed, the transmitted light from the distal end portion 7a emerges while being weakly emitted in the portion other than the distal end portion 7 a. This improves the design by the contrast between the tip portion 7a and other portions. When the contrast with light is further desired, the antiglare treatment may be performed by etching or the like.
(mold and method for producing glass Structure Using the same)
The mold 20 for molding the glass structure 1 and the method for manufacturing the glass structure 1 using the mold 20 will be described below.
Examples of the material of the die 20 include stainless steel, carbon, SiC, and a super steel alloy (WC, etc.). For producing a large-sized molded product, stainless steel or carbon is preferable from the viewpoint of workability and the like. Further, carbon is more preferable from the viewpoint of handling such as price and weight. As shown in fig. 4, the entire mold 20 is substantially flat plate-shaped and has a molding surface 21 that comes into contact with the glass substrate 10 during molding. The molding surface 21 has a planar portion 26 and a plurality of mold protrusions 27 and mold recesses 29 formed in the planar portion 26 and adjacent to each other in the X direction. The mold convex portion 27 and the mold concave portion 29 in the present embodiment have a substantially triangular shape in cross section extending in the Y direction, but the shape, the position, and the like of the mold convex portion 27 and the mold concave portion 29 are not particularly limited. For example, the mold convex portion 27 and the mold concave portion 29 may extend in the X direction and be adjacent to each other in the Y direction, respectively. When the cross section of the mold 20 is viewed, the tip end 27a of the mold convex portion 27 and the bottom 29a of the mold concave portion 29 are formed at an acute angle.
By molding the glass substrate 10 using such a mold 20, the glass structure 1 having the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 as described above can be obtained. Although the method of forming the flat glass substrate 10 to produce the glass structure 1 having a flat plate shape as a whole will be described below, the same method can be applied to the case of forming the curved glass substrate 10 to produce the glass structure 1 having a curved shape as a whole.
As shown in fig. 4, the flat glass substrate 10 has a planar first surface 13 and a planar second surface 15 opposite to the first surface 13. As shown in fig. 5, by bringing the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 into contact with the molding surface 21 of the mold 20, a plurality of concave portions 19 and convex portions 17 corresponding to the plurality of mold convex portions 27 and mold concave portions 29 can be formed on the first surface 13. The molding method may be appropriately selected from the above-described molding methods, but a differential pressure molding method in which the second surface 15 does not contact with the molding die is preferably selected.
The first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 is preferably shaped so as to avoid contact with the bottom 29a of the mold recess 29. In this case, the acute shape of the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29 is not transferred to the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10, and therefore the distal end portion 17a of the convex portion 17 can be formed into a curved surface shape.
In order to avoid contact between the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 and the bottom 29a of the mold recess 29, the molding conditions may be set as follows, for example. (i) The time for the glass substrate 10 to enter the mold recess 29 is shortened by shortening the forming time. (ii) By lowering the temperature of the glass substrate 10 at the time of molding, the glass substrate 10 is made difficult to enter the mold recess 29. (iii) The depth 29D in the Z direction of the mold concave 29 is increased, so that the glass substrate 10 is less likely to enter the mold concave 29. (iv) Narrowing the X-direction width 29W of the mold recess 29 makes it difficult for the glass substrate 10 to enter the mold recess 29. (v) When the vacuum forming method is applied, the pressure for pulling the glass substrate 10 is reduced, so that the glass substrate 10 is less likely to enter the mold recess 29. (iv) When the blank pressing method or the press forming method is applied, the pressure for pressing the glass substrate 10 is reduced, so that the glass substrate 10 is less likely to enter the mold recess 29.
Since the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 contacts the distal end portion 27a of the mold projection 27, the acute-angled shape of the distal end portion 27a is transferred to the bottom portion 19a of the recess 19.
Here, the arithmetic mean roughness of the portion of the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 that is in contact with the forming surface 21 (the portion other than the distal end portion 7a of the convex portion 17) has substantially the same value reflecting the arithmetic mean roughness of the forming surface 21. Therefore, the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of the molding surface 21 (the planar portion 26, the convex portion 27, and the concave portion 29) is preferably 20000nm or less, more preferably 10000nm or less, still more preferably 5000nm or less, and particularly preferably 1000nm or less. Thus, the surface roughness of the portion of the first surface 13 other than the distal end 17a of the convex portion 17 can be set to 20000nm or less, 10000nm or less, 5000nm or less, or 1000nm or less.
When the cross section of the mold 20 is observed, the angle γ formed by the opposing surfaces 29b of the pair of adjacent mold recesses 29 is preferably 30 to 150 °, more preferably 60 to 120 °, and still more preferably 75 to 115 °. By setting the angle γ in the above range, the angle β formed by the opposing surfaces 17b of the pair of adjacent convex portions 17 of the glass base material 10 can be set to 30 to 150 °, or 60 to 120 °, or 75 to 115 °.
The aspect ratio of the depth of the die recess 29, which is obtained by dividing the depth 29D in the Z direction by the width 29W in the X direction, is preferably 0.13 to 1.9, more preferably 0.25 to 1, and still more preferably 0.35 to 0.75. Thus, the aspect ratio of the mold cavity obtained by dividing the Z-direction height 17H of the convex portion 17 of the glass substrate 10 by the X-direction width 17W can be set to 0.13 to 1.9, or 0.25 to 1, or 0.35 to 0.75. The width 29W in the X direction is preferably 0.5mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The width 29W in the X direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less. The depth 29D in the Z direction is preferably 0.1mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The depth 29D in the Z direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and further preferably 10mm or less.
The ratio of the height 27H of the mold projection 27 in the Z direction divided by the width 27W in the X direction is preferably 0.13 to 1.9, more preferably 0.25 to 1, and still more preferably 0.35 to 0.75. Thus, the depth-to-width ratio of the mold recess obtained by dividing the Z-direction depth 19D of the recess 19 of the glass substrate 10 by the X-direction width 19W can be set to 0.13 to 1.9, or 0.25 to 1, or 0.35 to 0.75. The width 27W in the X direction is preferably 0.5mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The width 27W in the X direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less. The height 27H in the Z direction is preferably 0.1mm or more, more preferably 1mm or more, and further preferably 3mm or more. The height 27H in the Z direction is preferably 20mm or less, more preferably 15mm or less, and still more preferably 10mm or less.
The plurality of mold protrusions 27 of the present embodiment are formed in substantially equal shapes, and the aspect ratios of the mold protrusions are substantially equal to each other. However, the plurality of mold projections 27 may have different shapes from each other, and the projection aspect ratios may be different from each other.
The plurality of mold recesses 29 in the present embodiment have substantially the same shape, and the aspect ratios of the mold recesses are substantially equal to each other. However, the plurality of mold recesses 29 may have different shapes and may have different recess aspect ratios.
The mold convex portion 27 and the mold concave portion 29 of the present embodiment are formed in substantially rotationally symmetrical shapes with each other, and the aspect ratio of the mold convex portion is equal to the aspect ratio of the mold concave portion. However, the mold convex portion 27 and the mold concave portion 29 may not have a rotationally symmetrical shape, and the aspect ratio of the mold convex portion and the aspect ratio of the mold concave portion may be different.
As shown in fig. 6, the bottom 29a of the mold recess 29 may have a curved surface. In this case, the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 may be formed so as to be in contact with the bottom 29a of the mold recess 29, or may be formed so as not to be in contact therewith. As shown in fig. 7, when the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 is formed so as to contact the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29, the curved surface shape of the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29 is transferred to the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10, and therefore, the tip end portion 17a of the convex portion 17 can be formed into a curved surface shape.
In this case, the radius of curvature of the bottom 29a of the mold recess 29 is preferably 0.1 to 10mm, more preferably 0.1 to 5mm, and still more preferably 0.1 to 2 mm. Thus, the radius of curvature of the tip 17a of the convex portion 17 of the glass substrate 10 to which the shape of the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29 is transferred can be set to 0.1 to 10mm, 0.1 to 5mm, or 0.1 to 2 mm.
The arithmetic mean roughness of the bottom 29a of the die recess 29 (the portion of the die recess 29 having a curved surface) is preferably set to be smaller than the arithmetic mean roughness of the other portions of the molding surface 21, that is, the surface roughness of the portions other than the bottom 29a of the flat portion 26, the die projection 27, and the die recess 29. Thus, even when the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 is molded so as to be in contact with the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29, the arithmetic average roughness of the tip portion 17a of the convex portion 17 of the glass substrate 10 reflecting the arithmetic average roughness of the bottom portion 29a of the mold concave portion 29 can be made smaller than the arithmetic average roughness of the other portion of the first surface 13.
More specifically, the arithmetic mean roughness of the bottom 29a of the mold concave 29 is preferably 500nm or less, more preferably 200nm or less, and further preferably 50nm or less. Thus, the arithmetic mean roughness of the tip portion of the convex portion 17 of the glass substrate 10 can be set to 500nm or less, 200nm or less, or 50nm or less.
The second surface 15 of the glass substrate 10 has a groove 14 formed therein at a position overlapping the convex portion 17 of the first surface in the XY direction, and the groove 14 is recessed in the same direction as the direction in which the convex portion 17 protrudes (downward direction in the drawing). The width in the X direction and the depth in the Z direction of groove 14 are smaller than the width in the X direction 17W and the height in the Z direction 17H of projection 17. In the case of differential pressure forming, the shape of the die 20 is less likely to be reflected on the second surface 15 that does not abut on the die 20 than on the first surface 13 that abuts on the die 20, and therefore the groove portion 14 is smaller than the projection portion 17. Therefore, the second surface 15 as a whole has a substantially planar shape.
As described above, by molding the glass substrate 10 using the mold 20, the glass structure 1 having the convex portion 7 and the concave portion 9 as described above can be manufactured.
(examples)
A method of forming the glass structure 1 having the irregularities from the glass base material 10 by the vacuum forming method will be described with reference to fig. 8 and 9. The molds used in the present embodiment are three kinds of first to third molds 30, 40, 50.
The first die 30 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a first through hole 31 penetrating in the axial direction (vertical direction in the drawing) is formed at the center thereof. The first through hole 31 is composed of a large-diameter hole 31a formed in one axial direction (upper side in the figure) and a small-diameter hole 31b formed in the other axial direction (lower side in the figure) so as to be continuous with the large-diameter hole 31 a. The large-diameter hole 31a has a smaller axial dimension than the small-diameter hole 31 b. The large-diameter hole 31a is a circular ring shape whose diameter does not change in the axial direction. On the other hand, the small-diameter hole 31b is tapered so that its diameter decreases toward the other axial direction. The tapered surface of the small-diameter hole 31b abuts against the first surface 13 of the glass base material 10 during vacuum forming. Therefore, when the tapered surface of the small-diameter hole 31b is provided with the above-described mold concave portion or mold convex portion, the tapered surface functions as a molding surface for providing the convex portion 17 and the concave portion 19 to the first surface 13.
The second die 40 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a second through hole 41 penetrating in the axial direction is formed at the center thereof. The second through hole 41 is composed of a large diameter hole 41a formed in one axial direction, a third mold mounting hole 41b connected to the large diameter hole 41a, and a small diameter hole 41c connected to the third mold mounting hole 41 b. The axial dimensions of the large-diameter hole 41a and the third die mounting hole 41b are substantially the same as each other, and these axial dimensions are smaller than the axial dimensions of the small-diameter hole 41 c. The diameter decreases in the order of the large diameter hole 41a, the third die mounting hole 41b, and the small diameter hole 41 c.
The third mold 50 has a substantially disk shape and a size substantially equal to the third mold placing hole 41b of the second mold 40. The third mold 50 is fitted into the third mold mounting hole 41b and mounted therein. Here, the upper surface 51 of the third mold 50 on the first mold 30 side abuts against the first surface 13 of the glass substrate 10 during vacuum forming. Therefore, when the above-described mold concave portion or mold convex portion is provided on the upper surface 51, the upper surface 51 functions as a molding surface for providing the convex portion 17 and the concave portion 19 to the first surface 13.
After the third mold 50 is placed on the second mold 40, bolts 60 are screwed into the bolt holes 32 and 42 provided in the first mold 30 and the second mold 40, respectively. Thereby, the first mold 30 and the second mold 40 are concentrically coupled. In the state where the first to third molds 30, 40, and 50 are combined in this manner, the disk-shaped glass substrate 10 is disposed on one side in the axial direction of the first mold 30.
Here, a groove 44 extending radially from one axial end of the small-diameter hole 41c in all directions is formed in the bottom surface 43 of the second mold 40 adjacent to the third mold placing hole 41 b. The radial end of the groove 44 extends to the outer diameter side of the third die mounting hole 41b and the large diameter hole 41 a. Therefore, even in a state where the third mold 50 is placed in the third mold placing hole 41b, the groove portion 44 and the small diameter hole 41c communicate with each other on one axial side and the other axial side of the second mold 40.
Here, a plurality of mold concave portions 29 and mold convex portions 27 having a substantially triangular cross section as shown in fig. 4 are formed on the upper surface 51 of the third mold 50. The plurality of die recesses 29 are formed of a plurality of types of die recesses 29 having an aspect ratio of 0.35 to 0.55 and an angle γ of 85 to 110 °. The arithmetic mean roughness of the opposing surface 29b of the third mold 50 was 15000 nm. The arithmetic mean roughness of the small-diameter holes 31b of the first mold 30 is 15000 nm. The glass substrate 10 is manufactured by asahi glass company, size: soda-lime glass 100mm by 100mm and 3mm thick t. The surface of the glass substrate 10 was washed with sodium bicarbonate water, and then washed with ion-exchanged water and dried. Then, the glass base material 10 is placed on the first mold 30, and in a state where the glass base material 10 is heated and softened, air is sucked from the small-diameter holes 41c and the groove portions 44 by a pump or the like, whereby the glass base material 10 is deformed toward the other side in the axial direction. The glass substrate 10 is closely attached along the tapered surface of the small-diameter hole 31b of the first mold 30 and the upper surface 51 of the third mold 50, and the uneven shapes of the tapered surface and the upper surface 51 are transferred. At this time, the glass substrate 10 and the first to third molds 30, 40, 50 are disposed in a stainless steel closed container. The sealed container is heated until the temperature of the atmosphere in the sealed container reaches more than 700 ℃, and therefore, an inert gas such as nitrogen is sealed in the sealed container to prevent oxidation of the mold. The time for sucking air after the target temperature is reached is influenced by the temperature of the glass substrate 10, but is 10 to 20 minutes in the case of soda lime glass as the glass substrate 10 of the present embodiment. In this way, the glass structure 1 having irregularities is formed from the glass substrate 10.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the glass structure 1 has a bottomed cylindrical shape reflecting the shapes of the first to third molds 30, 40, and 50. The glass structure 1 has the concave-convex shape of the tapered surface of the small-diameter hole 31b of the first mold 30 transferred to the outer peripheral surface 2 corresponding to the first surface, and has the concave-convex shape of the upper surface 51 of the third mold 50 transferred to the bottom surface 8 corresponding to the first surface. In the examples of fig. 10 and 11, the outer peripheral surface 2 has the same uneven shape, and the bottom surface 8 has different uneven shapes.
Each of the glass structures 1 in fig. 10 and 11 has a plurality of protrusions 7 and recesses 9 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface 2. The protruding portions 7 are formed into a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction, and a concave portion 9 is formed between a pair of adjacent protruding portions 7.
In the bottom surface 8 of the glass structure 1 of fig. 10, a lattice-shaped uneven shape is formed by the plurality of projections 7 and recesses 9.
Two fan-shaped concave- convex portions 71, 72 each composed of a plurality of convex portions 7 and concave portions 9 are formed on the bottom surface 8 of the glass structure 1 of fig. 11 in an overlapping manner. Further, a plurality of convex portions 7 and concave portions 9 are formed on the bottom surface 8 so as to cross the two fan-shaped concave- convex portions 71 and 72.
The cross-sectional shape of a part of the molded article was measured, and the results are shown in fig. 14 and 15. From the measurement results, the curvature of the convex tip portion of the molded article was 0.9mm, the surface roughness Ra was 28.5nm, the aspect ratio was 0.38, and α was 106 °.
By appropriately changing the shape of the concave-convex portion of the tapered surface of the small-diameter hole 31b of the first mold 30 or the upper surface 51 of the third mold 50 in this manner, a desired shape of concave-convex portion can be provided on the first surface of the finished glass structure 1.
The glass structure 1 obtained as described above may be subjected to a cutting process of the outer peripheral surface 2 and a chamfering process of the cut surface. Since the glass structure 1 obtained by the molding method has a residual material or the like, the appearance of the glass structure 1 is impaired, and the cut-out is performed to improve the appearance. Further, the glass structure 1 is prevented from being broken from the cut surface by chamfering and polishing. Further, the first surface 3 or the second surface 5 of the obtained glass structure 1 may be subjected to grinding and polishing using a polishing pad or a brush. When the first surface 3 is ground and polished, a desired glossiness is obtained and the appearance is improved. When the second surface 5 is ground and polished, the depth of the groove 4 can be set to a desired depth, and the next step can be easily performed while improving the appearance. Further, a part of the glass structure 1 may be subjected to a drilling process.
The first surface 3 or the second surface 5 of the glass structure 1 and the end surfaces may be subjected to surface treatment such as a metal layer, an oxide layer, an organic layer, or a printed layer. When the surface treatment is applied to the first surface 3, the user can obtain a three-dimensional and excellent appearance when the glass structure 1 is visually recognized from the second surface 5. When the second surface 5 is subjected to the surface treatment, when the user visually recognizes the glass structure 1 from the first surface 3, the surface-treated layer which increases the transparency of the glass can be visually recognized, and a good appearance can be obtained.
In order to fix or reinforce the glass structure 1, a functional film for preventing scattering, improving fingerprint removability, or the like may be bonded, or a reinforcing material such as a metal plate or a resin plate may be bonded.
When the glass structure 1 is subjected to the chemical strengthening step or the physical strengthening step, it is preferable that the obtained glass structure 1 is chamfered, and then the grinding and polishing of the first surface 3 or the second surface 5, the chamfering and polishing of the end face or the like, and the chemical strengthening step are performed. By finishing the outer shape processing before the chemical strengthening, the strength of the glass structure 1 can be prevented from being lowered by the outer shape processing after the chemical strengthening.
When the surface treatment is performed on the glass structure 1, it is preferable that the surface treatment is performed after the chemical strengthening step or the physical strengthening step is performed on the glass structure 1. This can suppress warpage of the glass structure 1.
The present application is based on japanese patent application 2015-226116 filed on 11/18 of 2015, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Description of the reference symbols
1 glass structure
2 peripheral surface (first surface)
3 first side
4 groove part
5 second side
6 plane portion
7 convex part
7a front end portion
7b opposite surface
Height in direction of 7H Z
Width in direction of 7W X
8 bottom surface (first surface)
9 concave part
9a bottom
9D Z direction depth
9W X width in the direction of
10 glass substrate
13 first side
15 second side
17 convex part
17a front end portion
17b opposite surface
17 height in 17H Z direction
17W X width in direction
19 recess
20 mould
21 forming surface
26 plane part
27 mould boss
27a front end portion
Height in direction of 27H Z
27W X width in the direction of
29 die recess
29a bottom
29b opposite surface
29D Z directional depth
Width in direction of 29W X
30 first mold
31 first through hole
31a large-diameter hole
31b small diameter hole
32 bolt hole
40 second mould
41 second through hole
41a large-diameter hole
41b third die mounting hole
41c small diameter hole
42 bolt hole
50 third mould
51 upper surface of
60 bolt
61 resin layer
62 glass
63 light source
71. 72 fan-shaped concave-convex parts.

Claims (10)

1. A glass structure having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface,
the glass structure has a plate thickness of 1mm or more and less than 10mm,
one of the first surface and the second surface has a plurality of convex portions and concave portions, the tip portions of the convex portions have a curved surface shape,
a printed layer or a metal layer is formed on either one of the first face and the second face.
2. A glass structure having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface,
the glass structure has a plate thickness of 1mm or more and less than 10mm,
the first surface has a plurality of convex portions and concave portions, the front end portions of the convex portions are curved surface shapes,
the second surface has a groove portion recessed in the same direction as the protruding direction of the convex portion at a position overlapping the convex portion of the first surface in the XY direction,
and forming a printed layer or a metal layer on any one of the first surface, the second surface and the groove.
3. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the second surface has a resin layer.
4. The glass structure according to claim 3,
the resin layer is an adhesive layer, and paper or gold foil is provided between the second surface and the resin layer.
5. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the pair of glass structures are arranged such that the first surfaces thereof face each other with a gap therebetween, and are bonded to each other with an adhesive.
6. The glass structure according to claim 3,
the pair of glass structures are arranged such that the first surfaces thereof face each other with a gap therebetween, and are bonded to each other with an adhesive.
7. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
at least one surface of the glass structure is chemically strengthened.
8. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the glass structure has any one of an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, and an antifouling layer on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.
9. The glass structure according to claim 6,
the glass structure has any one of an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, and an antifouling layer on at least one of the first surface and the second surface.
10. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the glass structure is colored glass.
CN201920591474.6U 2015-11-18 2016-11-08 Glass structure Active CN211367395U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015-226116 2015-11-18
JP2015226116 2015-11-18
CN201690001362.5U CN208814876U (en) 2015-11-18 2016-11-08 Glass construction body and mold

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