CN211361618U

CN211361618U - Five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine

Info

Publication number: CN211361618U
Application number: CN201921736257.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡功明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2019-10-16
Publication date: 2020-08-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-16

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine, which can simultaneously realize one-time clamping on one machine tool by two different rotation modes of left rotation and right rotation, can process left and right spirals and simultaneously has a complex tool, the characteristics and the performance of the utility model are improved in that the layout of an X-axis and a Y-axis on a bed platform is in a L-shaped layout design, so that the bed platform has sufficient reserved space, the C-axis indexing rotary table has enough rotation angle space at the end of the grinding machine close to the Z-axis main shaft, is not interfered by a manipulator and other parts, so that the C-axis indexing rotary table can simultaneously process tools with left and right angles without being away from the front direction of the machine tool, the negative angle of the central axis of the shaft A turning shaft C corresponds to left-handed machining of the tool, the positive angle of the central axis of the shaft C corresponds to right-handed machining of the tool, the X-axis distance of the small moving distance of the assembly structure can be used for rapidly processing the left and right complex combined tool.

Description

Five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of grinding machine machining equipment, in particular to a five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine.

Background

The application of the numerical control tool grinding machine in the mechanical manufacturing is more and more extensive, the grinding machining can be carried out on cutting tools including various milling cutters and drill cutters, and the precision requirement of the numerical control tool grinding machine is very high, and particularly in the machining of complex cutters, the refined machining production needs to be realized.

On cutter helix angle, owing to there is the difference of levogyration and dextrorotation, dextrorotation simultaneously exists and when processing on a cutter, just needs to carry out the preface processing with different grinding machines in addition, and this has mentioned very high aspect to processing personnel's technique because it is very difficult to cooperate to link up two kinds of different helix angles, still lacks the equipment that can realize levogyration and dextrorotation simultaneously high accuracy high efficiency processing in the existing market.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application provides a five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine, which solves the problem that the same machine tool is difficult to realize left-handed and right-handed integrated machining, and can perform autonomous adjustment in a left-handed machining mode, a right-handed machining mode or a combined machining mode of the left-handed machining mode and the right-handed machining mode.

The embodiment of the application provides a five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine which comprises a machine tool base, a five-axis mechanical structural part, a sheet metal shell and a numerical control system, wherein the machine tool base is an iron casting, and the five-axis mechanical structural part comprises an X-axis mechanical structural part, a Y-axis mechanical structural part, a Z-axis mechanical structural part, a C-axis mechanical structural part and an A-axis mechanical structural part; the front side of the machine tool base is an operation station, the direction of the operation station facing the machine tool base is taken as the forward direction, the direction parallel to the forward direction is marked as a Y axis, the direction vertical to the Y axis on the horizontal plane is an X axis, the forward direction of the X axis points to the operation station, the forward direction of the Y axis points to the right side of the operation station, the Z axis is vertical to the plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis, and the forward direction of a Z axis coordinate is upward;

the machine tool base comprises a rectangular step body base positioned on the left side and a semicircular straight cylinder base positioned on the right side; the rectangular step body base and the semicircular straight cylinder base are integrally cast and molded;

the X-axis mechanical structural part is arranged along the X-axis direction, is positioned on the table top of the semicircular straight column base and is positioned at one side close to the rectangular step body base; the motion direction of an output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural part is to move back and forth along the X-axis direction in a horizontal plane; a C-axis indexing rotary table is arranged on an output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural part; the output shaft surface of the C-axis indexing rotary table is positioned horizontally upwards; the output shaft end of the C-axis indexing rotary table is provided with an output connecting plate, and the plane of the tail end of the connecting plate is provided with an A-axis indexing head; the A-axis indexing head performs rotary motion parallel to the horizontal plane on the C-axis indexing rotary table by taking the output end of the C-axis indexing rotary table as a rotary center; the output end of the A-axis dividing head is connected with a cylinder chuck seat; the output end of the A-axis dividing head performs autorotation motion in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane; the center of the cylinder chuck seat is positioned on the rotating center of the A-axis dividing head; the cylinder chuck seat is used for loading a spring chuck, and the high-pressure gas is controlled by the electromagnetic valve to enable the spring chuck to perform clamping and loosening movements; the C-axis indexing rotary table drives the A-axis indexing head to rotate within a range of 280-degree rotation angles without interference;

the Y-axis mechanical structural part is arranged along the Y-axis direction, is positioned on the table top of the rectangular step body base and is positioned on one side away from the operation station; the motion direction of an output panel of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is left-right movement along the Y-axis direction; the Z-axis mechanical structural part is of a vertical upright column-shaped structure and is arranged on an output panel of the Y-axis mechanical structural part; the Y-axis mechanical structural part drives the Z-axis mechanical structural part to move in the Y-axis direction by adopting a Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism; a driving motor of the Y-axis screw rod driving mechanism is positioned at one end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part, which is far away from the X-axis mechanical structural part; an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part faces the operation station, and the motion direction of the output panel vertically moves up and down along the Z-axis direction; an electric main shaft is arranged on an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part; the electric main shaft is fixed on an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural component; the electric main shaft is parallel to the Y axis, and the output end of the electric main shaft faces the positive direction of the Y axis;

the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part are arranged in a shape with an included angle of 90 degrees, wherein the X-axis mechanical structural part is used as an assembly reference, the left end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the left side edge of the rectangular step body base, the right end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the left side of the X-axis mechanical structural part, and the front end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the front side edge of the; the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part form a L-type structure, and the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part are not in contact with each other;

the electric main shaft and the Z-axis mechanical structural part, the Z-axis mechanical structural part and the Y-axis mechanical structural part form 2 axial linkage motions; the electric spindle is arranged along the linear direction parallel to the guide rail in the Y-axis mechanical structural part, the output port of the electric spindle has 7:24 taper and is used for installing a BT series tool handle grinding wheel rod; the output end of the grinding wheel rod is provided with a grinding wheel; 1-4 grinding wheels are arranged in the grinding wheel rod;

the manipulator reserved position is positioned below the left side of the rectangular cavity; a material tray is arranged between the mechanical arm and the X-axis mechanical structural part; the manipulator is used for inserting the workpiece to be machined in the material tray into the cylinder chuck;

the sheet metal shell is positioned on the machine tool base and is provided with a semi-sealed sheet metal cavity; the semi-sealed metal plate cavity is a straight cylindrical space; the semi-sealed metal plate cavity comprises a semicircular cavity and a rectangular cavity; the semicircular cavity is positioned above the table top of the semicircular straight column base, and the rectangular cavity is positioned above the table top of the rectangular step body base; the right side in the sheet metal shell is provided with an arc-shaped movable door which slides along a base sliding track of the sheet metal shell; the movable door is used as a semicircular surface of the semicircular cavity;

the numerical control system comprises an operation box, an electric appliance and driver hardware; the operation box is positioned outside the sheet metal shell and on the left side of one surface facing the operation station; the electrical appliance and driver hardware are located within an isolation space; the isolation space is positioned in the semi-sealed metal plate cavity; the isolation space and the operation box are positioned on two sides of the sheet metal shell and are arranged oppositely, and the electric appliance and the driver hardware are connected with the operation box; the metal plate shell is provided with an independent opening and closing door which is used as an opening and closing door for operation, processing and production, and the opening moving direction is moved rightwards.

Furthermore, the bed body base is made of high-quality cast iron with a mark of HT250 or above, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the cavity below the table top, the overall rigidity of the bed body is strengthened, deformation is prevented, the periphery of the table top of the bed body is provided with a water surrounding ring, the sheet metal shell is sleeved in the water surrounding ring, and the fixing bolt is installed in the water surrounding ring, so that the technical problem of leakage of the sheet metal of the machine tool in the industry is effectively solved, and the contact surface of the bottom surface of the sheet metal part is increased in the transportation process, so that the effects of no deformation and no. On the lathe bed platform face, X axle Y axle arranges to be L shape, has reserved sufficient space, can install various manipulators, charging tray additional, provides the guarantee for unmanned intelligent control production. Reasonable design for manipulator or robot operation are all in the front, have obtained promoting in the time efficiency of various upper and lower raw materials, also provide better easy dismounting for later stage maintenance. The lathe bed platform is far higher than the drain, and the drain is established at left rear, more is favorable to the grinding thing to discharge to retrieve, has also reached servo motor and axial motion part by the effect that grinding fluid erodees. The appearance of the machine body is in the shape of a right arc, so that the integral rigidity of the machine tool is improved on the basis of not increasing the weight, the occupied space is reduced to some extent, and the application of an intelligent production field is facilitated.

Furthermore, the X-axis mechanical structural part has plane precision formed by an X-axis guide rail and a sliding block, transmission precision formed by an X-axis lead screw, a bearing seat, a bearing and a lead screw nut sleeve, an X-axis output panel is arranged on the sliding block, and a complete transmission shaft is formed by connecting the lead screw nut and the output panel by the lead screw nut sleeve; the input end of the X-axis screw rod is connected with the X-axis servo motor through a high-precision zero-clearance coupling;

the X-axis carriage and the lathe bed are integrally cast, and the X-axis carriage and the lathe bed are characterized by high machining precision and can be machined by a numerical control gantry machining center in a one-time clamping mode, the most important innovation point is that the X axis is used as the position direction of a five-axis reference axis, and other axes are assembled from the machining surface of the X axis as a reference to comparison measurement;

an X-axis carriage: integrally casting with a machine tool base; the guide rail groove of the X-axis carriage is embedded, and the two guide rail grooves are parallel in the same plane; the guide rail matched with the guide rail groove adopts a roller-shaped rectangular guide rail; the rolling column-shaped rectangular guide rails are matched with rolling column-shaped sliding blocks, and each guide rail adopts 2 sliding blocks for matching use; the guide rail and the sliding block form a plane precision structure;

x axial lead screw actuating mechanism: the X-axis lead screw transmission device comprises an X-axis lead screw, a bearing seat, a bearing and a lead screw nut sleeve, which form a transmission precision structure;

the X-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined with a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat for use, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7P 5 which are combined in a matched mode, the screw rod nut sleeve adopts a split nut sleeve, the split nut sleeve is the greatest innovation that the height can be adjusted in a free fine adjustment mode, a nut flange surface is connected with an output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface, and in order to obtain higher vertical precision, the split nut sleeve can be used for machining a 90-degree right-angle surface by a grinding; two ends of the screw rod are arranged in bearings of the bearing block, two ends of the screw rod are fixed on the central position on the carriage base through the bearing block, and the mounting position of the bearing block is lower than the guide rail surface; two sides of the screw rod are respectively provided with a linear guide rail, the slide block is arranged on the linear guide rails, and the output panel is arranged on the slide block; the output panel is connected with the feed screw nut sleeve and the feed screw nut, and the nut and the output panel are driven to move on the guide rail when the feed screw rotates;

along the X-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with shaft seal plates and a cover body of the servo motor through an organ cover; side sealing plates are connected with the two sides of the output panel; the side sealing plates and the output panel organ cover form a sealing protection cover for the X-axis carriage assembly;

the output end of the servo motor is connected with the input end of the screw rod through a zero-clearance coupling.

Further, the C-axis index rotary table includes:

the C-axis indexing head comprises a C-axis indexing head shell, a harmonic speed reducer, a motor plate, a servo motor and a motor cover;

the C-axis indexing head shell is positioned above the left side of the X-axis output panel, and the C-axis servo motor and the C-axis harmonic generator are in a key groove direct connection type; a servo motor shaft is directly and rigidly connected with a harmonic generator in an embedded mode, a motor cover is positioned outside a servo motor, the servo motor is installed on a motor plate, and the motor plate is connected with an outer ring steel wheel of a harmonic reducer; the left end of an output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural component protrudes out of the X-axis guide rail surface, the protruding end of the output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural component and the C-axis index head are both arc-shaped, a cavity is arranged in the middle of the protruding end of the output panel, and the cavity is matched with the servo motor; the motor cover is fixed below the X-axis output panel through bolts;

the harmonic speed reducer consists of an outer ring steel wheel, an inner ring flexible wave wheel and a wave generator connected with a servo motor, and is arranged in the C-axis dividing head shell; the output end of an inner ring flexible impeller of the harmonic reducer is connected with the tail end of an output shaft of a C-axis dividing head, the output shaft of the C-axis dividing head is supported by a high-precision turntable bearing, a fixing ring of the turntable bearing is fixed in a dividing head shell, and an inner ring is fixed with the output shaft for rotating kinetic energy; an oil seal for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the dividing head and the shell, and a metal plate circular cover is also arranged outside the dividing head shell to form double protection;

and the waterproof cover body is positioned at the top of the C-axis dividing head.

Furthermore, a rotary table plate is arranged on the end face of an output shaft of the C-axis dividing head, and an A-axis dividing head is arranged on the top surface of the tail end of the rotary table plate; the A-axis dividing head comprises an A-axis dividing head shell, a harmonic speed reducer, a motor plate, a servo motor and a motor cover;

the A-axis dividing head is parallel to the horizontal plane; the A-axis dividing head harmonic speed reducer consists of an outer ring steel wheel, an inner ring flexible wave wheel and a wave generator connected with a servo motor and is arranged in the A-axis dividing head shell; the output end of an inner ring flexible impeller of the harmonic reducer is connected with the tail end of an output shaft of an A-shaft dividing head, the output shaft of the A-shaft dividing head is supported by a high-precision turntable bearing or a crossed roller bearing, a fixing ring of the turntable bearing or the crossed roller bearing is fixed in a dividing head shell, the inner ring is fixed with the output shaft as rotary kinetic energy, an oil seal for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the dividing head and the shell, the output shaft of the A-shaft dividing head is designed in an inward concave plane mode, a plurality of adjustable screw holes are formed in the outer edge of the axial direction, and the plane of the shaft end;

the cylinder chuck seat adopts a front-mounted cylinder, and the cylinder and the chuck seat are integrally combined;

the cylinder chuck seat is internally provided with a spring chuck which is used for clamping a workpiece.

Furthermore, a cutter supporting frame vertically arranged is arranged on the rotating bedplate above the output shaft of the C-axis dividing head on the C-axis rotating bedplate; the cutter supporting frame is used for processing a longer tool, so that the tool is prevented from being broken off in the downward cutting process of the spindle grinding wheel and is prevented from being extruded and deflected in the downward pressing process; according to the difference of the length of the workpiece when the machine tool performs machining operation, the cutter supporting frame can move to a position and stretch to a telescopic height;

when the machine tool performs machining operation, the cutter supporting mechanism is positioned between the direction of the output end of the A-axis dividing head and the grinding wheel;

the top end of the cutter supporting mechanism is provided with a notch; the direction of the notch is consistent with the direction of the workpiece to be machined inserted into the spring chuck and is positioned on the same vertical plane.

Further, the blade holding mechanism includes:

the knife rest is fixed on the rotary bedplate;

the cutter supporting rod is vertically inserted into the cutter supporting frame;

wherein, the side surface of the cutter supporting frame and the side surface of the cutter supporting rod are both provided with connecting holes with the same aperture and are connected through threads or pin shafts;

the notch is arranged at the top end of the cutter supporting rod, and the longitudinal section of the notch is V-shaped.

Furthermore, the Y-axis mechanical structural part has plane precision formed by a Y-axis guide rail and a sliding block, transmission precision formed by a Y-axis lead screw, a bearing seat, a bearing and a lead screw nut sleeve, a Y-axis output panel is arranged on the sliding block, and a complete transmission shaft is formed by connecting the lead screw nut and the output panel by the lead screw nut sleeve; the input end of the Y-axis screw rod is connected with the Y-axis servo motor through a high-precision zero-clearance coupling;

y-axis carriage: independently casting and forming a 90-degree included angle with the X-axis carriage; the guide rail grooves of the Y-axis carriage are embedded, the two guide rail grooves are parallel in the same plane, and are milled in a gantry machining center and then finely ground on the gantry to obtain two high-precision parallel grooves; the guide rail matched with the guide rail groove adopts a roller-shaped rectangular guide rail; the rolling column-shaped rectangular guide rails are matched with rolling column-shaped sliding blocks, and each guide rail adopts 2 sliding blocks for matching use; the guide rail and the sliding block form a plane precision structure; the Y-axis carriage is independently cast and is characterized in that the Y-axis carriage is required to be subjected to 90-degree installation accuracy by using an X-axis carriage as a reference and using a dial indicator and a 90-degree high-accuracy measuring instrument, the most important innovation point is that the Y-axis carriage can move slightly in the Y-axis comparison measurement assembling process, if a 90-degree right angle processed on a numerical control gantry machining center is influenced by the accuracy of a working master machine and a machining cutter, the high-accuracy machining result is difficult to achieve, the 90-degree right angle accuracy directly influences the final accuracy of a machine tool, the problem that split type installation must be overcome is to perform comparison measurement by using a reference surface, and the ultrahigh accuracy within 0.003 can be obtained by using the design assembling method;

y axial lead screw actuating mechanism: the transmission precision structure comprises a Y-axis screw rod, a bearing seat, a bearing and a screw rod nut sleeve;

the Y-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined with a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat for use, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7 series P5 which are combined in a matched mode, a split nut sleeve is sleeved on a screw rod nut, the split nut sleeve is the greatest innovation that the height can be adjusted in a free fine adjustment mode, a nut flange surface is connected with an output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface, and in order to obtain higher vertical precision, the split nut sleeve can be used for machining a 90-degree right-angle surface by a;

two ends of the screw rod are arranged in bearings of the bearing block, two ends of the screw rod are fixed on the central position on the carriage base through the bearing block, and the mounting position of the bearing block is lower than the guide rail surface; two sides of the screw rod are respectively provided with a linear guide rail, the slide block is arranged on the linear guide rails, and the output panel is arranged on the slide block; the output panel is connected with the feed screw nut sleeve and the feed screw nut, and the nut and the output panel are driven to move on the guide rail when the feed screw rotates;

along the Y-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with the shaft sealing plate and the cover body of the servo motor through the organ cover; side sealing plates are connected with the two sides of the output panel; the Y-axis carriage assembly is formed into a sealing protection cover by the side sealing plate and the output panel organ cover;

Furthermore, the Z-axis mechanical structural part has plane precision formed by a Z-axis guide rail and a sliding block, transmission precision formed by a Z-axis lead screw, a bearing seat, a bearing and a lead screw nut sleeve, a Z-axis output panel is arranged on the sliding block, and a complete transmission shaft is formed by connecting the lead screw nut and the output panel by the lead screw nut sleeve; the input end of the Z-axis screw rod is connected with the Z-axis servo motor through a high-precision zero-clearance coupling; the Z-axis servo motor is provided with an electronic brake, so that the main shaft on the Z axis is prevented from falling down to cause accidents under the condition of power failure;

the Z-axis upright post carriage is independently cast and is characterized in that the Z-axis carriage is required to be subjected to 90-degree installation accuracy by using a dial indicator and a 90-degree high-accuracy measuring instrument on the basis of an X-axis carriage, the most important innovation point is that the Z-axis carriage can move slightly in the process of comparison measurement and assembly, if a 90-degree right angle machined on a numerical control gantry machining center is influenced by the accuracy of a working machine tool and a machining cutter, the high-accuracy machining result is difficult to achieve, the 90-degree right angle accuracy directly influences the final accuracy of a machine tool, the problem which needs to be overcome by split type installation is that a reference surface is required to be firstly used for comparison measurement, and the ultrahigh accuracy within 0.003 can be obtained by using the design and assembly method; the Z axis is arranged on the Y axis output panel, the Z axis upright post and the Y axis panel are arranged at a right angle of 90 degrees, and the angle adjustment problem in each direction can be solved by using the innovative method of fine adjustment, so that the final result of high-precision assembly is achieved.

The guide rail grooves of the Z-axis planker are clamped, the two guide rail grooves are parallel to the same plane, and are milled in a gantry machining center and then finely ground on the gantry to obtain two high-precision parallel grooves; the Z-axis guide rail adopts a high-precision roller-shaped rectangular guide rail, a roller-shaped sliding block is matched with the high-precision roller-shaped rectangular guide rail, each guide rail adopts 1 lengthened heavy-load sliding block, the innovation aims are to shorten the height of the Z-axis, all the heights and the weight can influence the motion performance and the precision of the whole machine tool because the Z-axis guide rail is arranged on the Y-axis output panel, the rigidity of the Z-axis is improved, the weight is reduced, and the height reduction is the key point of innovation;

z axial lead screw actuating mechanism: the transmission precision structure comprises a Z-axis screw rod, a bearing seat, a bearing and a screw rod nut sleeve;

the Z-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined with a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat for use, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7P 5 which are combined in a matched mode, the screw rod nut sleeve adopts a split nut sleeve, the split nut sleeve is the greatest innovation that the height can be adjusted in a free fine adjustment mode, a nut flange surface is connected with an output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface, and in order to obtain higher vertical precision, the split nut sleeve can be used for machining a 90-degree right-angle surface by a grinding;

along the Z-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with the shaft sealing plate and the cover body of the servo motor through the organ cover; side sealing plates are connected with the two sides of the output panel; the Z-axis carriage assembly is formed into a sealing protection cover by the side sealing plates and the output panel organ cover;

the output end of the servo motor is connected with the input end of the screw rod through a zero-clearance coupling; the servo motor is provided with an electronic brake.

Further, the electric spindle further comprises:

the device comprises a main shaft servo motor, a main shaft shell, a main shaft axis, 4 7-series thrust bearings, a coupler and a probe; the main shaft is positioned in the main shaft shell;

the probe is positioned beside one side of the grinding wheel close to the manipulator.

The output end of the main shaft shell is provided with a labyrinth air seal, the axis of the output end of the main shaft is sleeved with a skeleton oil seal for sealing a bearing, the tail end of the main shaft shell is provided with a motor plate, and a main shaft servo motor is arranged in the motor plate; the main shaft servo motor is connected with the tail end of the main shaft axis through a coupler, and is provided with a motor cover and a sealing outlet box for sealing;

the side surface of the main shaft shell is fixed on an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part;

the output end of the main shaft is connected with the input end of a grinding wheel rod, the output end of the main shaft is a 7:24 inner conical opening, the 7:24 outer conical opening of the input end of the grinding wheel rod is matched with the inner cone of the main shaft in a high-precision manner, and a grinding wheel is arranged at the front end of the grinding wheel rod; the center of the grinding wheel is hollow, a bolt penetrates through a formed center hole, and a grinding wheel rod is locked in the inner hole at the front end of the axis of the spindle by the bolt;

the output end of the main shaft is provided with a grinding wheel splash-proof breakage-proof cover, the main shaft shell is provided with an oil spraying pipe bracket, and the bracket is provided with a plurality of bendable oil spraying pipes.

Furthermore, the probe is positioned in front of the main shaft on the front surface of the lathe bed, the Z-axis output panel is provided with a probe support, and the probe is arranged at the front end of the support.

In the embodiment of the application, after the grinding machine is built through the preset position, can make C axle graduation revolving stage have sufficient rotation angle in the grinding machine, do not receive the influence of manipulator and other parts, the change process of a negative angle to positive angle can be realized to the X axial at self place to C axle graduation revolving stage, wherein the negative angle corresponds is the processing of tool bit levogyration, what positive angle corresponds is the processing of tool bit dextrorotation, along Y axial displacement in-process, can realize the processing of the switching mode of a levogyration and dextrogyration, make this device can be according to the needs of reality, realize the selective processing of a levogyration tool bit and dextrorotation tool bit, need not realize the processing of different direction of rotation tool bits through two kinds of equipment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an orientation schematic of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the machine base of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete machine provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure within the cavity of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure within the semi-circular cavity;

FIG. 8 is a schematic bottom view of the X-axis mechanical structure and its upper structure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure within a rectangular cavity;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the Y-axis mechanical structure, the Z-axis mechanical structure, and the main shaft;

FIG. 11 is another angular schematic of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of the motorized spindle;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial detail schematic view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of right-hand machining;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of left-hand processing.

The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures:

100-sheet metal shell, 200-movable door, 300-numerical control box, 400-base, 500-X axis mechanical structural component, 600-Y axis mechanical structural component, 700-Z axis mechanical structural component, 800-C axis indexing rotary table, 900-A axis indexing head, 1000-manipulator reserved position, 1100-main shaft, 1200-material tray,

501-motor, 502-shell, 503-organ cover, 504-side plate, 505-output panel, 506-screw rod, 507-nut, 508-guide rail, 509-X axis carriage,

601-motor, 602-shell, 603-organ cover, 604-side plate, 605-output panel, 606-screw rod,

701-motor, 702-Z axis column, 703-organ cover, 706-screw rod, 707-nut, 708-guide rail, 709-slide block,

an 801-C axis index head, an 802-motor housing,

901-rotating platen, 902-knife supporting frame, 903-knife supporting rod, 904-cylinder chuck, 905-driving motor,

1101-high-speed servo motor, 1102-sand baffle, 1103-grinding wheel, 1104-probe, 1105-spindle shell, 1106-spindle, 1107-coupler, 1108-grinding wheel rod,

a-material tray reserved position and B-Y axis mechanical structural part reserved position.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The technical scheme of the application is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In the present application, for convenience of description, as shown in fig. 1, a machine tool position directly opposite to an operator is referred to as a front side, a direction of an operation station toward a machine tool base is referred to as a forward direction (that is, a face facing direction of a human face is referred to as a forward direction), a direction parallel to the forward direction is referred to as a Y axis, a direction perpendicular to the Y axis on a horizontal plane is referred to as an X axis, the X axis is directed to the operation station in the forward direction, the Y axis is directed to the right side of the operation station in the forward direction, and a Z axis is perpendicular to a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis and.

All words in the directions of front, back, left, right, up and down are used as reference positions.

In the device of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the whole grinding machine includes a machine tool base 400, a five-axis mechanical structure, a sheet metal shell 100 and a numerical control system. In the existing grinding machine structure, basically, the numerical control box 300 is of a built-in structure and is placed in the grinding machine.

Five mechanical structure spare include X axle mechanical structure spare, Y axle mechanical structure spare, Z axle mechanical structure spare, C axle mechanical structure spare and A axle mechanical structure spare, and the front of lathe is X axle + direction, and the Y axle is 90 degrees right angles with the X axle, arranges same terrace surface, sets up direction and form and is the L shape, and the Z axle is vertical stand form, installs on Y axle output panel. The X-axis output panel moves in a front-back horizontal plane, the Y-axis output panel moves in a left-right direction, and the Z-axis output panel moves vertically. The Z axis is installed on the Y axis output panel and moves left and right with the Y axis panel.

In this application, Y axle mechanical structure and X axle mechanical structure set to the contained angle and are the shape of 90 degrees, and wherein, X axle mechanical structure is as the assembly benchmark, and Y axle mechanical structure's left end is close to the left side edge of rectangle step body base, and the right-hand member is close to the left side of X axle mechanical structure, and the front end is close to the front side edge of rectangle step body base. The Y-axis mechanical structural component and the X-axis mechanical structural component form an L shape which rotates 90 degrees in the forward direction, the Y-axis mechanical structural component and the X-axis mechanical structural component are not in contact, the Y-axis mechanical structural component and the X-axis mechanical structural component are arranged on a base of the machine tool in a structure with the maximum degree, an area which is enough for placing a manipulator and a material tray is formed in the lower left corner, in addition, due to the formation of the area, the A-axis indexing head can realize a rotation angle of 90 degrees on the left side in the whole machine tool, the right side can span from 0-190 degrees, the whole C-axis indexing rotary table drives the rotatable range of the A-axis indexing head to reach 280 degrees without being interfered, in specific machining, the mode is different from the prior art that left-handed and right-handed machining is carried out on the left side and the right side of a grinding wheel, and the mode can be realized by the long, the structure can realize the left-handed and right-handed machining of the tool bit on the front side and the rear side of the same side of the grinding wheel.

The sheet metal shell is positioned on the machine tool base and is provided with a semi-sealed cavity. The semi-sealed cavity is a straight cylindrical space. The right front side is provided with convex floating gate in the panel beating shell, and convex floating gate slides along right front panel beating base slip track. The numerical control system operation box is positioned on the left side in the sheet metal shell. The numerical control system electric appliance, the driver and the electric appliance are arranged in a space isolated from the metal plate box body and the inner cavity, and an independent opening and closing door is arranged on the outer side of the whole metal plate.

The base 400 is made of a high rigidity material. So as to realize the improvement of durability and utilize the lower skirt cover body for protection. The bed body base is made of high-quality cast iron with a mark of HT250 or above, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the cavity below the table board, the whole rigidity of the bed body is strengthened, deformation is prevented, the water surrounding ring is arranged on the periphery of the table board of the bed body, the metal plate shell is sleeved in the water surrounding ring, and the fixing bolt is arranged in the water surrounding ring. On the lathe bed platform face, X axle Y axle arranges to be L shape, has reserved sufficient space, can install various manipulators, charging tray additional, provides the guarantee for unmanned intelligent control production. Reasonable design for manipulator or robot operation are all in the front, have obtained promoting in the time efficiency of various upper and lower raw materials, also provide better easy dismounting for later stage maintenance. The lathe bed platform is far higher than the drain, and the drain is established at left rear, more is favorable to the grinding thing to discharge to retrieve, has also reached servo motor and axial motion part by the effect that grinding fluid erodees. The appearance of the machine body is in the shape of a right arc, so that the integral rigidity of the machine tool is improved on the basis of not increasing the weight, the occupied space is reduced to some extent, and the application of an intelligent production field is facilitated.

The whole sheet metal shell 100 serves as a protective shell of the whole grinding machine, a corresponding oil running pipeline is arranged at the top of the protective shell, and a cavity formed by the whole sheet metal shell 100 is formed by two shapes, namely a semicircular shell close to the right side and a movable door 200 capable of being opened by one hand in a half matching mode. Whether the movable door 200 is opened left or right is determined according to the position of the numerical control box 300, and for better use, the movable door 200 and the numerical control box 300 are positioned on the same side so as to realize the actions of single-hand control and single-hand door opening.

The built-in space of whole panel beating first-selected needs satisfy the requirement of its inside multiaxis's motion orbit, and secondly, will make the space compact as far as possible, otherwise to the processing side, too big machine is purchase cost height at first, and secondly the washing is maintained and is also very wasted time and energy. Therefore, the purpose of the machine tool is to enable a five-axis internal machining machine tool which can be independently selected according to actual requirements to realize left-handed machining and right-handed machining under the existing common machine tool size, and different from the prior art, the left-handed machining and the right-handed machining mean that two machine tools are needed, and the device can realize the machining in two modes.

The movable door 200 of the machine tool is formed in a semicircular shape, and the requirement of the rotation track of the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 can be met by forming a semicircular shape in order to facilitate opening the door and to match the rotation of the C-axis indexing rotary table 800, as shown in fig. 2.

In the structure shown in fig. 3, an X-axis mechanical structure 500 is disposed in the semicircular cavity, the X-axis mechanical structure 500 is used for adjusting the position of the C-axis indexing rotary table 800, and the X-axis mechanical structure 500 is driven by an existing and common screw mechanism, and specifically includes a screw 506, a bearing seat, a nut 507, a slider, and an output panel 505. Two ends of the screw rod 506 are arranged in bearings of a bearing seat, the screw rod 506 is fixed through two ends of the bearing seat, the tail end of the screw rod 506 is fixed by the bearing seat, and two bearings are arranged in the bearing seat. Two sides of the screw 506 are respectively provided with a linear guide rail, the slide block is arranged on the linear guide rail 508, and the output panel 505 is arranged on the slide block. A nut 507 is fitted over the lead screw 506, and the nut 507 is fixed to the output panel 505 by the nut fitting. The output panel 505 moves on the guide rails as the lead screw 506 rotates. The input end of the screw 506 is connected to the output end of the motor 501 through a coupling.

The X-axis carriage 500 and the lathe bed platform are integrally cast, the precision grade selected by the X-axis linear guide rail 508 is equal to or higher than P grade, the precision grade of the ball screw 506 is equal to or higher than C5 grade, X-axis bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the ball screw, a bearing supported in the X-axis bearing seat is a 7-series thrust matching bearing, the precision requirement grade is equal to or higher than C5 grade, and the mounting precision of the lathe bed platform, the guide rail surface and the mounting surface of the X-axis bearing seat reaches 0.003 mm; the mounting method of the X-axis bearing seat is that the bearing seat and the carriage are separated and are mounted by screws in a locking mode, the X-axis screw rod 506 is connected with the driving motor 501 through a diaphragm type zero-clearance coupling, and the motor is an absolute value high-precision motor.

When the robot moves, the robot is arranged at the upper end of the X-axis mechanical structure 500 by selecting a proper motor, in the structure in the application, the motor cannot be arranged at the left side of the X-axis mechanical structure 500, otherwise, the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 cannot be matched with the manipulator 1000 in the X-axis forming distance, if the length of the filament rod needs to be increased, the size of the shell of the whole machine tool needs to be enlarged, meanwhile, the positions of other parts in the machine tool also need to be correspondingly modified, otherwise, the space utilization rate is very low, and therefore, from the actual processing and production perspective, once the position of the motor is changed, the whole mechanism needs to be modified, and the cost is overlarge.

In this structure, can realize the accurate control of X axial through controlling this motor.

In the present application, a C-axis index rotary table 800 is provided on the top output panel of the X-axis mechanical structure 500. The C-axis indexing rotary table 800 is driven by the X-axis lead screw driving mechanism on the top output panel of the X-axis mechanical structure 500 to move on the X-axis. The rotation plane of the C-axis index rotary table 800 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and thus, the rotation in the C-axis direction is achieved.

The height of the C-axis index rotary table 800 does not change in the X-axis mechanical structure 500. When the C-axis rotary indexing table 800 rotates, it can rotate by a negative angle, that is, it can rotate to an angle shown in fig. 4, and fig. 5 is a positive angle with respect to fig. 4. The rotation angle of the C-axis index rotary table 800 is increased due to the distribution of the positions of the mechanisms in the apparatus. In the conventional mechanism, the right side of the sand table is often operated, and when the sand table rotates to a negative angle position, the sand table hits the shell or the Z-axis column once the negative angle is too large, and as can be seen from the figure, the space for the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 to rotate at the negative angle is far insufficient.

Therefore, in the present application, the machining direction of the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 is changed, and the positions of the components inside the whole mechanism are reasonably configured, so that a large-angle rotation can be realized, and a basis is provided for realizing left-handed and right-handed machining.

In the present application, an a-axis index head 900 is connected to an output end of the C-axis index rotary table 800 via a rotary platen 901. The output end of the C-axis index rotary table 800 controls the position of the rotary platen 901, and thus indirectly controls the position of the a-axis index head 900.

The a-axis index head 900 performs a rotational motion parallel to the horizontal plane on the C-axis index rotary table 800 with the output end of the C-axis index rotary table 800 as a rotation center. The output end of the a-axis index head 900 is connected with a cylinder clamp 904. The output end of the a-axis index head 900 performs a rotation motion perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The center of the cylinder clamp 904 is located on the center of rotation of the a-axis index head 900. The main function of the a-axis index head 900 is to control the cylinder clamp 904 to grip the workpiece to be machined, i.e., the tool bit.

In the application, a speed reducer in the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 is a harmonic speed reducer, three components of the harmonic speed reducer and an output bearing are independently installed in a main shell of a C-axis indexing head 801, precision support is that a reference surface installed in the shell is a grinding surface, an output disc surface bearing is a crossed roller shaft or a turntable bearing with the high precision of more than P5 level, an output shaft center is grinding processing, and an input servo motor is connected with a harmonic generator in a direct-connection structure or a high-precision belt synchronous wheel;

the speed reducer in the A-axis index head 900 is a harmonic speed reducer, three components and an output bearing of the harmonic speed reducer are independently installed in a main shell of the C-axis index head 801, the precision support is that a reference surface installed in the shell is a grinding surface, an output disc surface bearing is a crossed roller shaft or a turntable bearing with the high precision of more than P4 level, the output axis is grinding processing, and an input servo motor is connected with a harmonic generator in a direct-coupled structure or a high-precision belt synchronous wheel. The side surface of an output flange of the A-axis dividing head 900 is provided with an axial coaxiality adjusting screw, so that various collet chuck seats can be axially and concentrically arranged for fine adjustment; the A-axis index head 900 can be arranged in various cylinder clamping seats, the cylinder clamping seats are in a cylinder tensioning type, and the collet chuck is an elastic collet chuck; the collet chuck base can be rapidly replaced according to different types of processed workpieces, the collet chuck base can be integrated with a front cylinder and can also be provided with other passive locking types, and the collet chuck base is provided with adjusting screws for adjusting the flatness and can adjust the jumping precision of the output surface.

According to different requirements, such as a spiral angle, a spiral length and the like, the a-axis index head 900 needs to be controlled appropriately, considering that the length of the cutter head is long or short, for some longer cutter head machining, when the a-axis index head 900 controls the air cylinder chuck 904 to rotate, the free end of the cutter head inevitably vibrates, and in order to avoid this phenomenon, a cutter supporting mechanism which is vertically arranged is arranged on the rotating plate 901 and positioned on the C-axis index rotating table 800. The cylinder clamp 904 and the motor of the a-axis index head 900 are located on both sides of the a-axis index head 900, and the center of gravity of the a-axis index head 900 is located near the middle, so that the a-axis index head 900 is more stable during rotation.

The cutter supporting mechanism is used for supporting the middle of the cutter head to a certain degree in the cutter head machining process so as to reduce the vibration of the cutter head and realize stable machining. Specifically, when the machine tool performs machining operation, the cutter supporting mechanism is located between the a-axis index head 900 and the grinding wheel 1103, and a notch is formed in the top end of the cutter supporting mechanism, so that a good clamping effect on the side surface of the cutter head is achieved. The height of the cutter supporting rod 903 can be selected according to different cutter heads, the rod bodies with different heights can be selected, and the cutter supporting rod 903 with different notch shapes can also be selected according to different radial sizes of the cutter heads.

As a specific example, the notch in the application adopts a V-shaped groove. Meanwhile, the combination of the knife supporting rod 903 and the knife supporting frame 902 can be height-limited in a bolt mode, and a fixing effect is achieved.

The rectangular cavity includes a robot 1000, a Z-axis mechanical structure 700, and a Y-axis mechanical structure 600. In a specific position, the manipulator 1000 is positioned beside the numerical control box 300, due to the width problem of the numerical control box 300, the manipulator 1000 is placed beside the numerical control box 300, and the Z-axis mechanical structural member 700 is placed on the right, so that the operation space of the manipulator 1000 and the position of the main shaft 1100 are both close to the middle of the whole chamber, the operation space feeling of the whole internal mechanism is improved in a phase-changing manner, and the whole operation amplitude is improved.

Manipulator 1000 is arranged in grabbing the cylinder chuck 904 with the unprocessed tool bit in charging tray 1200 in this application, and concrete mode utilizes manipulator 1000 among the prior art can both accomplish, does not describe here any more. The adaptability to various manipulators is realized by arranging corresponding manipulator reserved positions on the base of the machine tool.

In the present application, considering that the Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism and the Z-axis lead screw driving mechanism are connected to each other, in this embodiment, the Z-axis mechanical structural component 700 must be mounted on the Y-axis mechanical structural component 600, otherwise, after the two are inverted, the Y-axis mechanical structural component 600 makes a vertical motion on the Z-axis mechanical structural component 700, and the motion process of the Y-axis mechanical structural component 600 interferes with the C-axis indexing rotary table 800.

Therefore, in the present application, the Z-axis mechanical structure 700 is located on the Y-axis mechanical structure 600, and the Y-axis mechanical structure 600 drives the Z-axis mechanical structure 700 to move in the Y-axis direction by using the Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism. The driving motor of the Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism is located at one end of the Y-axis mechanical structural member 600 departing from the X-axis mechanical structural member 500, so as to draw the distance between the Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism and the X-axis mechanical structural member 500 closer, and improve the utilization rate of space. Because the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 moves on the X-axis lead screw driving mechanism, in order to prevent the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 from interfering with the Z-axis mechanical structural member 700, the distance between the front end of the Y-axis mechanical structural member 600 and the X-axis mechanical structural member 500 is slightly greater than the width of the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 protruding out of the X-axis mechanical structural member 500, so that the C-axis indexing rotary table 800 can not be interfered, the space can be fully utilized, and the change range of the transformation angle during the switching of left-handed machining and right-handed machining is improved. The positive direction of the X shaft is taken as a central axis, the left-handed machining is performed on the tool corresponding to the (-) angle of the central axis of the A shaft rotating to the C shaft, and the right-handed machining is performed on the tool corresponding to the (+) angle of the central axis of the C shaft, so that the assembly structure can rapidly machine the left-handed and right-handed complex combined tool at a small X-axis distance.

The Y-axis carriage is independently cast, a Y-axis linear guide rail is arranged on the Y-axis carriage, the precision grade adopted by the Y-axis linear guide rail is equal to or higher than P grade, and a Y-axis sliding block adopts a heavy prepressing zero clearance; the precision grade of the Y-axis screw rod is equal to or higher than C5 grade, Y-axis bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the Y-axis screw rod, a bearing supported in each Y-axis bearing seat is 7 series of thrust, the grade of the precision requirement of the bearing is equal to or higher than P4 grade, and the precision of a guide surface and the mounting surface of each Y-axis bearing seat reaches 0.003 mm; the Y-axis lead screw is connected with a servo motor by adopting a diaphragm type zero-clearance coupling, and the servo motor adopts an absolute value high-precision motor;

the Z-axis upright post is independently cast, the Z-axis upright post is installed on a Y-axis output panel, the Z-axis upright post is provided with a Z-axis linear guide rail, the precision grade of the Z-axis linear guide rail is equal to or higher than P grade, a Z-axis sliding block adopts a heavy prepressing zero clearance, a Z-axis screw is a ball screw, the precision grade of the ball screw is equal to or higher than C5 grade, Z-axis bearing seats are installed at two ends of the Z-axis screw, a bearing supported inside the Z-axis bearing seat is 7 series of thrust, the precision requirement grade of the bearing is equal to or higher than P4 grade, and the precision of a guide rail surface and the installation surface of the Z-axis; the Z-axis screw rod is connected with a servo motor by adopting a diaphragm type zero-gap coupling, the servo motor adopts an absolute value high-precision motor with an electronic brake, and a Z-axis output panel is arranged on a Z-axis sliding block.

In the present embodiment, the spindle 1100 is fixed to a surface of the Z-axis mechanical structure 700 facing the robot 1000, and can perform Z-axis movement along with the Z-axis mechanical structure 700. The spindle 1100 is stationary on the Z-axis mechanical structure 700, and the spindle 1100 motor drives the grinding wheel 1103 to perform high-speed rotation motion. In order to make this scheme more meticulous, by emery wheel 1103, one side that is close to C axle graduation revolving stage 800 is provided with probe 1104 structure, and this structure can directly adopt current probe 1104 for through the mode of physics touching tool bit in the course of working, utilize self internal sensor, realize the accurate location of tool bit, this structure is favorable to further refine the processing to tool bit in the production process of this device.

The casing and the mounting flange integration of main shaft 1100, main casing rear portion of main shaft 1100 is equipped with the servo motor board, installs high-speed servo motor on the servo motor board, and servo motor passes through special shaft coupling hookup with the axle center of main shaft 1100 input shaft, and the output interface on main shaft 1100 axle center is BBT series, and the tapering is 7:24, the BBT knife handle is connected with the axis and locked by bolts, and the output rod of the knife handle is provided with one or more grinding wheels 1103, thus being capable of grinding.

When the device is processed, firstly, the sheet metal shell 100 and the movable door 200 form an openable and closable closed space. When the whole space is closed, the processing is carried out.

After the manipulator 1000 grabs the corresponding tool bit onto the cylinder chuck 904, by means of the X-axis lead screw driving mechanism, the Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism and the Z-axis lead screw driving mechanism, and the five-axis joint motion of the a-axis index head 900 and the C-axis index rotary disk, moves the tool head to the ready-to-machine position, where, because the height of the C-axis index rotary disk is unchanged, the final position height of the Z-axis spindle drive is therefore not very different from the relevant dimensions of the tool head and the thread to be machined, and, moreover, the movement development of the Y-axis spindle drive is also positioned at this point, according to the size and the thread of the cutter head and whether the left-handed machining or the right-handed machining is carried out, the cutter head can be adjusted to a certain extent, spindle 1100 is adjusted to the proper position by both Y-axis and Z-axis motion, at which time spindle 1100 remains rotating at high speed. According to the left-handed or right-handed machining scheme, the C-axis indexing rotary disc can be adjusted to a corresponding position, and then the cutter head is machined from the bottom of the grinding wheel 1103 by utilizing the driving of the X-axis lead screw driving mechanism and combining the rotation rate of the A-axis indexing head 900, so that the left-handed or right-handed machining forming is realized.

In the embodiment, the five shafts do not move together at the same time, but through the mutual cooperation of the five shafts and the position relation of each mechanism, the C-axis indexing rotary disc can realize the selection of a left-handed or right-handed machining mode, and in the existing mechanism, because the space position of the equipment is limited, the machining in one spiral direction can be basically finished.

In actual processing, a general spiral angle is about 25-35 degrees, so that when the C-axis indexing rotary disc rotates, a minimum required rotation angle which is negative 35-90 degrees is ensured, and the rotation to 90 degrees is used for loading and unloading by the manipulator 1000.

In addition, on the inner structure of this device, in order to guarantee whole fineness requirement, lathe bed platform periphery has to be higher than the surrounding edge, for making things convenient for the panel beating installation to improve the firmness of panel beating, lathe bed platform one side has the escape orifice to be less than the lathe bed platform, is favorable to discharging the trash, and main lathe bed platform adopts longmen plane to grind man-hour, and the parallel precision in plane reaches within 0.003 mm.

In order to improve the whole sealing performance, the periphery of an output panel of three linear motion shafts of an X shaft, a Y shaft and a Z shaft is provided with an organ type protective cover, the protective cover is in an organ type telescopic type, a labyrinth structure is arranged at the joint of the protective cover and a guide rail sliding groove, various dust water oil mist can be effectively prevented from entering, and the IP 65-level protective effect can be achieved under the working condition that the output panel can move quickly. The side faces of the mobile output panel of the X-axis carriage, the Y-axis carriage and the Z-axis upright post are provided with dustproof type protective sheet metal parts which can be effectively connected with an organ protective cover, and sealant can be added to achieve the IP 65-level protective effect under the working condition of rapid movement.

In this application, under the condition that whole switching door is closed to the processing to the tool bit, in order to keep the whole temperature of inside, need be provided with the coolant liquid in each mechanism, especially X axle mechanical structure, Y axle mechanical structure, Z axle mechanical structure, C axle mechanical structure and A axle mechanical structure and main shaft etc. the coolant liquid in this application adopts current honing oil for machine tool machining to adopt, and be provided with each oil pipe, simultaneously, also be provided with corresponding oil pipe near the emery wheel, when carrying out tool bit processing, cool down the tool bit in real time, because the internal pipeline is more, do not embody in the drawing, but the technique of oil pipe cooling belongs to prior art at this piece of machine tool machining, do not give unnecessary details.

In the left side of whole sheet metal door, place the oil pump box in its bottom to place the electricity cabinet door in the left side of sheet metal door, be located the top region of oil pump box, so just reduced the front and back width of whole lathe, because whole five axles are all at rear and right-hand work, the electricity cabinet door is placed in this position, when having saved the space, can not have any interference to the function of other mechanisms, skirt cover under the regional welding of the base lower limb of whole mechanism, improve rigidity and stability.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine comprises a machine tool base, a five-axis mechanical structural part, a sheet metal shell and a numerical control system, wherein the machine tool base is a cast iron part, and the five-axis mechanical structural part comprises an X-axis mechanical structural part, a Y-axis mechanical structural part, a Z-axis mechanical structural part, a C-axis mechanical structural part and an A-axis mechanical structural part; the front side of the machine tool base is an operation station, the direction of the operation station facing the machine tool base is taken as the forward direction, the direction parallel to the forward direction is taken as the Y axis, the direction vertical to the Y axis on the horizontal plane is the X axis, the forward direction of the X axis points to the operation station, the forward direction of the Y axis points to the right side of the operation station, the Z axis is vertical to the plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis, and the forward direction of the Z axis coordinate is upward;

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the X-axis mechanical structural part is arranged along the X-axis direction and is positioned on the table top of the semicircular straight column base; the motion direction of an output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural part is to move back and forth along the X-axis direction in a horizontal plane; a C-axis indexing rotary table is arranged on an output panel of the X-axis mechanical structural part; the output shaft surface of the C-axis indexing rotary table is positioned horizontally upwards; an output connecting plate is arranged at the output shaft end of the C-axis indexing rotary table, and an A-axis indexing head is arranged on the plane of the tail end of the connecting plate; the A-axis indexing head performs rotary motion parallel to a horizontal plane on the C-axis indexing rotary table by taking the output end of the C-axis indexing rotary table as a rotary center; the output end of the A-axis dividing head is connected with a cylinder chuck seat; the output end of the A-axis dividing head performs autorotation motion in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane; the center of the cylinder chuck seat is positioned on the rotation center of the A-axis dividing head; the cylinder chuck seat is used for installing a spring chuck, and the high-pressure gas is controlled by the electromagnetic valve to enable the spring chuck to perform clamping and loosening movements; the C-axis indexing rotary table drives the A-axis indexing head to rotate within a range of 280 degrees without interference;

the Y-axis mechanical structural part is arranged along the Y-axis direction, is positioned on the table top of the rectangular step body base and is positioned behind the table top of the base; the motion direction of an output panel of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is to move along the Y-axis direction in the left-right direction; the Z-axis mechanical structural part is of a vertical upright column-shaped structure and is arranged on an output panel of the Y-axis mechanical structural part; the Y-axis mechanical structural part drives the Z-axis mechanical structural part to move in the Y-axis direction by adopting a Y-axis lead screw driving mechanism; the driving motor of the Y-axis screw rod driving mechanism is positioned on the left side of the Y-axis mechanical structural part; the output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part faces the operation station, and the motion direction of the output panel vertically moves up and down along the Z-axis direction; an electric main shaft is arranged on an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part; the electric main shaft is fixed on an output panel of the Z-axis mechanical structural part; the electric main shaft is parallel to the Y axis, and the output end of the electric main shaft faces the positive direction of the Y axis;

the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part are arranged in a shape with an included angle of 90 degrees, wherein the X-axis mechanical structural part is used as an assembly reference, the left end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the left side edge of the rectangular step body base, the right end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the left side of the X-axis mechanical structural part, and the front end of the Y-axis mechanical structural part is close to the front side edge of the rectangular; the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part form a L-type structure, and the Y-axis mechanical structural part and the X-axis mechanical structural part are not in contact with each other;

a manipulator reserved position is arranged below the left side of the platform surface of the machine tool base; a material tray is arranged between the mechanical arm and the X-axis mechanical structural part; the manipulator is used for inserting the workpiece to be machined in the material tray into the A-axis cylinder chuck;

the sheet metal shell is positioned on the machine tool base and is provided with a semi-sealed sheet metal cavity; the semi-sealed metal plate cavity is a straight cylindrical space; the semi-sealed metal plate cavity comprises a semicircular cavity and a rectangular cavity; the semicircular cavity is positioned above the table top of the semicircular straight column base, and the rectangular cavity is positioned above the table top of the rectangular step body base; the right side in the sheet metal shell is provided with an arc-shaped movable door which slides along a base sliding rail of the sheet metal shell; the movable door is used as a semicircular surface of the semicircular cavity;

2. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 1,

the X-axis mechanical structure includes:

an X-axis carriage: integrally casting with a machine tool base; the guide rail groove of the X-axis carriage is embedded, and the two guide rail grooves are parallel in the same plane; the guide rail matched with the guide rail groove is a roller-shaped rectangular guide rail; the rolling column-shaped rectangular guide rails are matched with rolling column-shaped sliding blocks, and each guide rail adopts 2 sliding blocks for matching use; the guide rail and the sliding block form a plane precision structure;

the X-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined by a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7 series P5 which are combined in a matched mode, the screw rod nut sleeve adopts a split nut sleeve, and the flange surface of the nut is connected with the output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface; two ends of the screw rod are arranged in bearings of the bearing block, two ends of the screw rod are fixed on the central position of the carriage base through the bearing block, and the mounting position of the bearing block is lower than the guide rail surface; two linear guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod, a sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rails, and the output panel is arranged on the sliding block; the output panel is connected with the feed screw nut sleeve and the feed screw nut, and the feed screw rotates to drive the nut and the output panel to move on the guide rail;

along the X-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with shaft seal plates and a cover body of a servo motor through an organ cover; side seal plates are connected to two sides of the output panel; the side sealing plates and the output panel organ cover form a sealing protection cover for the X-axis carriage assembly;

the output end of the servo motor is connected with the input end of the screw rod through a zero-clearance coupler.

3. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 2,

the C-axis index rotary table includes:

the harmonic speed reducer consists of an outer ring steel wheel, an inner ring flexible wave wheel and a wave generator connected with a servo motor, and is arranged in the C-axis dividing head main shell; the output end of an inner ring flexible impeller of the harmonic reducer is connected with the tail end of an output shaft of the C-axis dividing head, the output shaft of the C-axis dividing head is supported by a turntable bearing, a fixed ring of the turntable bearing is fixed in a dividing head shell, and an inner ring is fixed with the output shaft for rotating kinetic energy; an oil seal for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the dividing head and the shell, and a metal plate circular cover is also arranged outside the dividing head shell to form double protection;

4. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine according to claim 3,

the end surface of an output shaft of the C-axis dividing head is provided with a rotary table plate, and the top surface of the tail end of the rotary table plate is provided with an A-axis dividing head;

the A-axis dividing head comprises an A-axis dividing head shell, a harmonic speed reducer, a motor plate, a servo motor and a motor cover;

the A-axis dividing head is parallel to the horizontal plane; the A-axis dividing head harmonic speed reducer consists of an outer ring steel wheel, an inner ring flexible wave wheel and a wave generator connected with a servo motor, and is arranged in the A-axis dividing head shell; the output end of an inner ring flexible impeller of the harmonic reducer is connected with the tail end of an output shaft of an A-shaft dividing head, the output shaft of the A-shaft dividing head is supported by a turntable bearing or a crossed roller bearing, a fixing ring of the turntable bearing or the crossed roller bearing is fixed in a dividing head shell, the inner ring is fixed with the output shaft as rotary kinetic energy, an oil seal for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the dividing head and the shell, the output shaft of the A-shaft dividing head is designed in an inward concave plane mode, a plurality of adjustable screw holes are formed in the outer edge of the output shaft of the A-shaft dividing head along the axial direction, and;

the air cylinder and the clamping head seat are integrally combined;

and a spring chuck is arranged in the cylinder chuck seat and used for clamping a workpiece.

5. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 4,

the C-axis rotating table plate is positioned above the output shaft of the C-axis dividing head, and a cutter supporting frame vertically arranged is arranged on the rotating table plate;

the top end of the cutter supporting mechanism is provided with a notch; the direction of the notch is consistent with the direction of the workpiece to be machined inserted into the spring chuck, and the notch and the workpiece to be machined are located on the same vertical plane.

6. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 5,

the cutter supporting mechanism comprises:

the knife rest is fixed on the rotary table plate;

the side surface of the cutter supporting frame and the side surface of the cutter supporting rod are both provided with connecting holes with the same aperture and are connected through threads or pin shafts;

7. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 1,

the Y-axis mechanical structure includes:

y-axis carriage: independently casting and forming a 90-degree included angle with the X-axis carriage; the guide rail groove of the Y-axis carriage is embedded, and the two guide rail grooves are parallel in the same plane; the guide rail matched with the guide rail groove is a roller-shaped rectangular guide rail; the rolling column-shaped rectangular guide rails are matched with rolling column-shaped sliding blocks, and each guide rail adopts 2 sliding blocks for matching use; the guide rail and the sliding block form a plane precision structure;

the Y-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined by a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7 series P5 which are combined in a matched mode, the screw rod nut sleeve adopts a split nut sleeve, and the flange surface of the nut is connected with the output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface;

two ends of the screw rod are arranged in bearings of the bearing block, two ends of the screw rod are fixed on the central position of the carriage base through the bearing block, and the mounting position of the bearing block is lower than the guide rail surface; two linear guide rails are respectively arranged on two sides of the screw rod, a sliding block is arranged on the linear guide rails, and the output panel is arranged on the sliding block; the output panel is connected with the feed screw nut sleeve and the feed screw nut, and the feed screw rotates to drive the nut and the output panel to move on the guide rail;

along the Y-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with shaft seal plates and a cover body of the servo motor through an organ cover; side seal plates are connected to two sides of the output panel; the Y-axis carriage assembly is formed into a sealing protection cover by the side sealing plates and the output panel organ cover;

8. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 7,

the Z-axis mechanical structure includes:

z-axis column carriage: independently casting and forming a 90-degree included angle with the X-axis carriage; the Z-axis carriage and the Y-axis panel form a 90-degree perpendicularity included angle at the same time; the guide rail groove of the Z-axis carriage is embedded, and the two guide rail grooves are parallel in the same plane; the guide rail matched with the guide rail groove is a roller-shaped rectangular guide rail; the rolling column-shaped rectangular guide rails are matched with rolling column-shaped sliding blocks, and each guide rail is used by 1 lengthened heavy-load sliding block;

the Z-axis screw rod adopts a high-precision screw rod with the grade of more than C5, the bearing seats are combined by a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat, each bearing seat is internally provided with 2 high-precision thrust bearings with the grade of more than 7 series P5 which are combined in a matched mode, the screw rod nut sleeve adopts a split nut sleeve, and the flange surface of the nut is connected with the output panel to form a 90-degree right-angle surface;

along the Z-axis direction, two sides of the output panel are connected with shaft seal plates and a cover body of the servo motor through an organ cover; side seal plates are connected to two sides of the output panel; the Z-axis carriage assembly is formed into a sealing protection cover by the side sealing plates and the output panel organ cover;

the output end of the servo motor is connected with the input end of the screw rod through a zero-clearance coupler; the servo motor is provided with an electronic brake.

9. The five-axis linkage numerical control tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 8,

the electric spindle further comprises:

the probe is positioned beside one side of the grinding wheel close to the manipulator;

the output end of the main shaft shell is provided with a labyrinth air seal, a skeleton oil seal is sleeved on the axis of the output end of the main shaft and used for sealing a bearing, the tail end of the main shaft shell is provided with a motor plate, and the main shaft servo motor is installed in the motor plate; the main shaft servo motor is connected with the tail end of the main shaft axis through a coupler, and is provided with a motor cover and a sealing outlet box for sealing;

the output end of the main shaft is connected with the input end of the grinding wheel rod, the output end of the main shaft is a 7:24 inner conical opening, the 7:24 outer conical opening of the input end of the grinding wheel rod is matched with the inner cone of the main shaft in a high-precision mode, and the front end of the grinding wheel rod is provided with a grinding wheel; the center of the grinding wheel is hollow, a bolt penetrates through a formed center hole, and a grinding wheel rod is locked in the inner hole at the front end of the axis of the spindle by the bolt;

the spindle is characterized in that the output end of the spindle is provided with a grinding wheel splash-proof breakage-proof cover, a fuel injection pipe support is arranged on the spindle shell, and a plurality of bendable fuel injection pipes are arranged on the support.

10. The five-axis linkage numerically controlled tool grinding machine as claimed in claim 9,

the probe is positioned in front of the main shaft on the front surface of the lathe bed, the Z-axis output panel is provided with a probe support, and the probe is arranged at the front end of the support.