CN211360668U

CN211360668U - Machine tool spindle

Info

Publication number: CN211360668U
Application number: CN201921863104.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆文益; 陆国凤; 陆茜
Original assignee: Zhangjiagang Tuo Sheng Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhangjiagang Tuo Sheng Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2020-08-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine tool spindle, including headstock, main shaft body, install in the anterior tool bit of main shaft body, set up at this internal cooling channel of main shaft, set up at the anterior hydrojet subassembly that is used for spouting the coolant liquid of main shaft body, set up the inclosed stock solution room that is used for storing the coolant liquid in the headstock, locate a plurality of first feed liquor units on the main shaft body, main shaft body can the complex pass stock solution room and first feed liquor unit is located the stock solution room. The utility model discloses a machine tool spindle, through the setting of liquid storage chamber, first feed liquor unit, cooling channel and, can accomplish the cooling of tool bit, work piece and main shaft body simultaneously; simultaneously through the setting of first drainage portion, first stop part and first inlet channel for inside the coolant liquid can be at the smooth and easy inflow main shaft body of the rotation in-process of main shaft body, need not set up the drive structure in addition, very big simplification the overall structure of equipment.

Description

Machine tool spindle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool spindle.

Background

A machine tool, which is an apparatus for processing machine parts, generally includes a tool holder and a spindle on which a tool is mounted while the tool holder holds a workpiece, and processes the held workpiece by moving and rotating the tool.

Because the main shaft needs to continuously rotate to process the workpiece, a large amount of heat is generated by the main shaft due to friction in the processing process, and if the main shaft is not cooled in time, the service life of the main shaft is greatly influenced.

In the prior art, a high-pressure oil tank and an oil delivery pipe inserted into a main shaft are usually arranged, an oil storage tank and an oil outlet hole are arranged at the front end of the main shaft, the rear end of the oil delivery pipe extends out of the main shaft and is connected with the high-pressure oil tank, and when the oil mist cooling device is used, the oil mist in the high-pressure oil tank is sequentially sprayed onto a processing surface of a workpiece through the oil delivery pipe, the oil storage cavity and the oil outlet hole to achieve the effect of cooling a tool bit and.

However, on one hand, the above structure needs to additionally provide a high-pressure oil tank for driving liquid to enter, so that the overall structure is relatively complex, and meanwhile, the high-pressure oil tank has a risk of leakage; on the other hand, oil mist is sprayed to the workpiece through the oil delivery pipe, and only the cutter head and the workpiece can be cooled, and the main shaft cannot effectively cool the heat generated by the main shaft.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a machine tool main shaft which not only can cool a tool bit and a workpiece, but also can cool the outside and the inside of the main shaft, and has wider cooling range; meanwhile, the machine tool spindle can feed liquid without additionally arranging a driving structure when the cooling liquid is introduced, and the structure is simpler.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a machine tool spindle, includes headstock, rotatable wearing to locate main shaft body in the headstock, install in the anterior tool bit of main shaft body, set up in this internal and along the axially extended of main shaft body be used for circulating the cooling channel of coolant liquid, set up in the anterior blowout that is used for of main shaft body the hydrojet subassembly of coolant liquid, the machine tool spindle is still including setting up in be used for storing in the headstock the inclosed stock solution room of coolant liquid, locate a plurality of first feed liquor units on the main shaft body, the main shaft body can the complex pass the stock solution room just first feed liquor unit is located in the stock solution room, first feed liquor unit include along the circumferencial direction interval of main shaft body set up in first drainage portion and first stop part on the main shaft body, set up in first drainage portion with be used for between the first stop part the intercommunication the stock solution room with the cooling channel's stock solution room with First inlet channel, wherein, first drainage portion with the array orientation of first stopper with the direction of rotation of main shaft body is opposite, just first drainage portion with perpendicular distance between the main shaft body axial lead is less than first stopper with perpendicular distance between the main shaft body axial lead.

Preferably, the lathe main shaft is still located including the cover main shaft body is last and be located axle sleeve in the stock solution chamber, locate a plurality of second feed liquor units on the axle sleeve, the axle sleeve with be formed with hollow feed liquor chamber between the main shaft body, second feed liquor unit include along the circumferencial direction interval of axle sleeve set up in second drainage portion and second stop part on the axle sleeve, set up in second drainage portion with be used for between the second stop part the stock solution chamber with the second inlet channel in feed liquor chamber, wherein, second drainage portion with the array orientation of second stop part with the rotation opposite direction of main shaft body, just second drainage portion with perpendicular distance between the main shaft body axial lead is less than the second stop part with perpendicular distance between the main shaft body axial lead.

Preferably, the machine tool spindle further comprises two sealing assemblies which are sleeved on the spindle body and respectively located on two sides of the shaft sleeve and used for sealing the liquid storage chamber, and two mounting seats which are arranged in the liquid storage chamber and respectively located on two sides of the shaft sleeve, wherein the mounting seats are used for abutting the sealing assemblies on the spindle body.

Further preferably, the sealing assembly comprises a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a sealing seat which are sequentially arranged along the direction away from the shaft sleeve, a third sealing ring which is sleeved on the first sealing ring and can be matched and clamped between the mounting seat and the first sealing ring, and a fourth sealing ring which is sleeved on the main shaft body and can be matched and clamped between the sealing seat and the main shaft body.

Still further preferably, the seal assembly further comprises a seal member inserted between the side portion of the shaft sleeve and the first seal ring, and an elastic member connected to the side portion of the shaft sleeve for pressing the seal member against the first seal ring.

Still more preferably, the machine tool spindle further includes a spiral groove provided on an outer peripheral portion of the spindle body and located inside the fourth seal ring, and a spiral direction of the spiral groove is opposite to a rotation direction of the spindle body.

Still further preferably, the machine tool spindle further includes a plurality of buffer grooves provided in the fourth seal ring.

Still further preferably, the machine tool spindle further includes a first drain hole that is opened on the spindle box and can penetrate through the seal seat, and a second drain hole that is opened on the spindle box and is located on a side of the seal seat away from the spindle sleeve.

Preferably, the machine tool spindle further comprises an air storage chamber arranged on one side of the spindle box and used for storing compressed air, and the air storage chamber is communicated with the cooling channel through an external pipeline.

Preferably, the machine tool spindle further comprises a bearing assembly and a cover assembly which are sequentially arranged at the rear part of the spindle body along the direction far away from the liquid storage chamber.

Because of above-mentioned technical scheme's application, compared with the prior art, the utility model have the following advantage: the utility model discloses a machine tool spindle, through the setting of liquid storage chamber, first feed liquor unit, cooling channel and, can accomplish the cooling of tool bit, work piece and main shaft body simultaneously; simultaneously through the setting of first drainage portion, first stop part and first inlet channel for inside the coolant liquid can be at the smooth and easy inflow main shaft body of the rotation in-process of main shaft body, need not set up the drive structure in addition, very big simplification the overall structure of equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at A;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid inlet principle of the first liquid inlet unit and the second liquid inlet unit in the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a main spindle box; 2. a main shaft body; 3. a cutter head; 31. a tool apron; 4. a cooling channel; 5. a liquid spray assembly; 51. a spray head; 52. spraying a hole; 6. a liquid storage chamber; 7. a first liquid inlet unit; 71. a first drainage part; 72. a first blocking portion; 73. a first liquid inlet channel; 8. a shaft sleeve; 9. a second liquid inlet unit; 91. a second drainage part; 92. a second blocking portion; 93. a second liquid inlet channel; 10. a liquid inlet cavity; 11. a seal assembly; 111. a first seal ring; 112. a second seal ring; 113. a sealing seat; 114. a third seal ring; 115. a fourth seal ring; 116. a seal member; 117. an elastic member; 12. a mounting seat; 13. a helical groove; 14. a buffer tank; 15. a first drain hole; 16. a second drain hole; 17. an air storage chamber; 18. a bearing assembly; 19. a closure assembly.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a machine tool spindle includes a spindle box 1, a spindle body 2 rotatably disposed in the spindle box 1, a tool bit 3 mounted in a front portion of the spindle body 2, a cooling channel 4 disposed in the spindle body 2 and extending along an axial direction of the spindle body 2 and used for circulating a cooling liquid, and a liquid spraying assembly 5 disposed in a front portion of the spindle body 2 and used for spraying the cooling liquid, the machine tool spindle further includes a sealed liquid storage chamber 6 disposed in the spindle box 1 and used for storing the cooling liquid, and a plurality of first liquid inlet units 7 disposed on the spindle body 2, wherein the spindle body 2 can be matched with and penetrate through the liquid storage chamber 6, and the first liquid inlet units 7 are located in the liquid storage chamber 6.

Here, the liquid storage chamber 6 is arranged in the spindle box 1, the liquid storage chamber 6 stores cooling liquid, and the spindle body 2 is arranged in the liquid storage chamber 6 in a penetrating manner, so that the exterior of the spindle body 2 can be continuously cooled; simultaneously set up first feed liquor unit 7 in main shaft body 2 middle part, at the inside cooling channel 4 that sets up of main shaft body 2, the front portion sets up hydrojet subassembly 5, not only can make the coolant liquid in the stock solution room 6 can be in the smooth cooling channel 4 that gets into in main shaft body 2 of main shaft body's rotation in-process, cool off main shaft body 2 inside, can make the coolant liquid outwards spout from hydrojet subassembly 5 in addition and cool off tool bit 3 and work piece, its cooling range is wider. The cooling liquid level here cools the water. The cutter head 3 is mounted on the front portion of the main spindle body 2 via the cutter holder 31, and the cutter head 5 includes a nozzle 51 provided on the front portion of the main spindle body 2 and located on the periphery of the cutter head 3, and a nozzle hole 52 provided in the cutter holder 31 for ejecting the coolant into the cutter head 3.

Specifically, the first liquid inlet unit 7 includes a first drainage portion 71 and a first blocking portion 72 which are arranged on the main shaft body 2 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main shaft body 2, and a first liquid inlet channel 73 which is arranged between the first drainage portion 71 and the first blocking portion 72 and used for communicating the liquid storage chamber 6 with the cooling channel 4, wherein the arrangement direction of the first drainage portion 71 and the first blocking portion 72 is opposite to the rotation direction of the main shaft body 2, and the vertical distance between the first drainage portion 71 and the axial lead of the main shaft body 2 is smaller than the vertical distance between the first blocking portion 72 and the axial lead of the main shaft body 2. Through the setting of first drainage portion 71 and first barrier portion 72, at the rotation in-process of main shaft body 2, when the rivers passed through first feed liquor unit 7, can be on first barrier portion 72 at the guide of first drainage portion 71 down the striking, get into first feed liquor passageway 73 afterwards, very big improvement the feed liquor efficiency.

The machine tool spindle further comprises a spindle sleeve 8, two sealing assemblies 11, two mounting bases 12 and a mounting base 12, wherein the spindle sleeve 8 is sleeved on the spindle body 2 and located in the liquid storage chamber 6, the two sealing assemblies 11 are sleeved on the spindle body 2 and located on two sides of the spindle sleeve 8 respectively and used for sealing the liquid storage chamber 6, the two mounting bases 12 are arranged in the liquid storage chamber 6 and located on two sides of the spindle sleeve 8 respectively, and the mounting base 12 is used for enabling the sealing assemblies 11 to be pressed on the spindle body 2. Here, the seal of the reservoir 6 is achieved by the mutual abutting action of the sleeve 8, the seal assembly 11 and the mounting seat 12, and the coolant is prevented from seeping out of the reservoir 6.

Still be equipped with a plurality of second feed liquor units 9 on the axle sleeve 8, be formed with hollow feed liquor chamber 10 between axle sleeve 8 and the main shaft body 2, second feed liquor unit 9 includes second drainage portion 91 and the second barrier 92 that set up on axle sleeve 8 along the circumferencial direction interval of axle sleeve 8, set up the second inlet channel 93 that is used for communicateing stock solution room 6 and feed liquor chamber 10 between second drainage portion 91 and the second barrier 92, wherein, the array orientation of second drainage portion 91 and second barrier 92 is opposite with the rotation direction of main shaft body 2, and the perpendicular distance between second drainage portion 91 and the 2 axial lead of main shaft body is less than the perpendicular distance between second barrier 92 and the 2 axial lead of main shaft body. Here, the second liquid inlet unit 9 has the same function as the first liquid inlet unit 7, and is used for smooth liquid inlet, the liquid inlet chamber 10 therein plays a role of slow flow, and the cooling liquid enters the liquid inlet chamber 10 from the second liquid inlet unit 9 and then enters the cooling channel 4 from the first liquid inlet unit 7.

The sealing assembly 11 includes a first sealing ring 111, a second sealing ring 112, and a sealing seat 113 sequentially disposed along a direction away from the shaft sleeve 8, a third sealing ring 114 sleeved on the first sealing ring 111 and capable of being engaged with the mounting seat 12 and the first sealing ring 111, a fourth sealing ring 115 sleeved on the main shaft body 2 and capable of being engaged with the main shaft body 2, a sealing member 116 engaged with the side portion of the shaft sleeve 8 and the first sealing ring 111, and an elastic member 117 connected to the side portion of the shaft sleeve 8 and used for pressing the sealing member 116 against the first sealing ring 111. The first seal ring 111, the second seal ring 112, the third seal ring 113, and the fourth seal ring 115 may be any conventional seal ring, and are preferably teflon seal rings. The sealing seat 113 is a metal sealing block fixed by screws, the sealing member 116 is an alloy steel sealing block, and the elastic member 117 is a spring.

In the present embodiment, the machine tool spindle further includes a spiral groove 13 that is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the spindle body 2 and is located inside the fourth seal ring 115, and a plurality of buffer grooves 14 that are provided on the fourth seal ring 115, and the spiral direction of the spiral groove 13 is opposite to the rotation direction of the spindle body 2. The spiral groove 13 can push the leaked coolant toward the center under the action of the reverse spiral when the seal assembly 11 is partially failed due to long-term use and causes leakage, so that the coolant is not easy to pass through. And the buffer tank 14 can partially store the permeated cooling liquid and delay the outward permeation speed of the cooling liquid.

The machine tool spindle further comprises a first drain hole 15 which is formed in the spindle head 1 and can penetrate through the sealing seat 113, and a second drain hole 16 which is formed in the spindle head 1 and is located on one side, far away from the spindle sleeve 8, of the sealing seat 113. The first drain hole 15 and the second drain hole 16 are used for observing the leakage of the cooling liquid, and when the first drain hole 15 and the second drain hole 16 are found to have micro leakage after being used for a certain time, the sealing assembly 11 and the spiral groove 13 are damaged.

The machine tool spindle further comprises an air storage chamber 17 which is arranged on one side of the spindle box 1 and used for storing compressed air, and the air storage chamber 17 is communicated with the cooling channel 4 through an external pipeline. Wherein the external pipeline is connected with the rear part of the main shaft body. After the workpiece is machined, compressed air is introduced into the cooling channel 4, and cooling liquid is sprayed out in a pressurizing mode, so that dirt on the workpiece and the clamp can be effectively cleaned, and clamping accuracy is guaranteed. When the seal assembly 11 and the spiral groove 13 are damaged, compressed air is introduced into the cooling passage 4 through the air reservoir 17, so that the cooling liquid flows toward the front end of the main shaft body under the action of air pressure.

The machine tool spindle described above further comprises a bearing assembly 18 and a cap assembly 19 which are provided in sequence at the rear of the spindle body 2 in a direction away from the reservoir 6. The bearing assembly 18 and the cover assembly 19 are both the structures of the machine tool spindle in the prior art, and the detailed structures are not described again.

The following specifically explains the working process of this embodiment: when the spindle is started, the spindle body 2 rotates, and cooling liquid enters the cooling channel from the second liquid inlet unit 9 and the first liquid inlet unit 7 in the rotating process of the spindle body 2 and is sprayed out forwards through the spray head 51 and the spray holes 52, so that the spindle body 2, a workpiece and the tool bit 3 are cooled.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a machine tool spindle, includes headstock (1), rotatable wear to locate main shaft body (2) in headstock (1), install in the anterior tool bit (3) of main shaft body (2), set up in main shaft body (2) and along the axial extension of main shaft body (2) be used for circulating cooling liquid cooling channel (4), set up in the anterior hydrojet subassembly (5) of being used for blowout of main shaft body (2) coolant liquid, its characterized in that: the machine tool spindle further comprises a closed liquid storage chamber (6) arranged in the spindle box (1) and used for storing the cooling liquid, and a plurality of first liquid inlet units (7) arranged on the spindle body (2), the spindle body (2) can be matched with the first liquid inlet units (7) which penetrate the liquid storage chamber (6) and are located in the liquid storage chamber (6), the first liquid inlet units (7) comprise first drainage parts (71) and first blocking parts (72) which are arranged on the spindle body (2) along the circumferential direction of the spindle body (2) at intervals, and first liquid inlet channels (73) which are arranged between the first drainage parts (71) and the first blocking parts (72) and used for communicating the liquid storage chamber (6) and the cooling channels (4), wherein the arrangement directions of the first drainage parts (71) and the first blocking parts (72) are opposite to the rotation direction of the spindle body (2), and the vertical distance between the first drainage part (71) and the axial lead of the main shaft body (2) is smaller than the vertical distance between the first blocking part (72) and the axial lead of the main shaft body (2).

2. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the lathe main shaft is still located including the cover spindle body (2) go up and be located axle sleeve (8) in stock solution room (6), locate a plurality of second feed liquor units (9) on axle sleeve (8), axle sleeve (8) with be formed with hollow feed liquor chamber (10) between spindle body (2), second feed liquor unit (9) include along the circumferencial direction interval of axle sleeve (8) set up in second drainage portion (91) and second barrier portion (92) on axle sleeve (8), set up in second drainage portion (91) with be used for between second barrier portion (92) the intercommunication stock solution room (6) with second inlet channel (93) in feed liquor chamber (10), wherein, second drainage portion (91) with the range direction of second barrier portion (92) with the rotation opposite direction of spindle body (2), and the vertical distance between the second drainage part (91) and the axial lead of the main shaft body (2) is smaller than the vertical distance between the second blocking part (92) and the axial lead of the main shaft body (2).

3. A machine tool spindle according to claim 2, wherein: the machine tool spindle further comprises two sealing assemblies (11) which are sleeved on the spindle body (2) and respectively located on two sides of the shaft sleeve (8) and used for sealing the liquid storage chamber (6), and two mounting seats (12) which are arranged in the liquid storage chamber (6) and respectively located on two sides of the shaft sleeve (8), wherein the mounting seats (12) are used for abutting the sealing assemblies (11) against the spindle body (2).

4. A machine tool spindle according to claim 3, wherein: seal assembly (11) include along keeping away from first sealing washer (111), second sealing washer (112) and seal receptacle (113), the cover that sets gradually on first sealing washer (111) and can the complex inlay card locate mount pad (12) with third sealing washer (114), the cover between first sealing washer (111) are located on main shaft body (2) and can the complex inlay card locate seal receptacle (113) with fourth sealing washer (115) between main shaft body (2).

5. A machine tool spindle according to claim 4 in which: the sealing assembly (11) further comprises a sealing element (116) clamped between the side part of the shaft sleeve (8) and the first sealing ring (111), and an elastic element (117) connected to the side part of the shaft sleeve (8) and used for pressing the sealing element (116) against the first sealing ring (111).

6. A machine tool spindle according to claim 4 in which: the machine tool spindle further comprises a spiral groove (13) which is arranged on the outer periphery of the spindle body (2) and located on the inner side of the fourth sealing ring (115), and the spiral direction of the spiral groove (13) is opposite to the rotating direction of the spindle body (2).

7. A machine tool spindle according to claim 4 in which: the machine tool spindle further comprises a plurality of buffer grooves (14) formed in the fourth sealing ring (115).

8. A machine tool spindle according to claim 4 in which: the machine tool spindle further comprises a first water drainage hole (15) which is formed in the spindle box (1) and can penetrate through the sealing seat (113), and a second water drainage hole (16) which is formed in the spindle box (1) and is located on one side, far away from the shaft sleeve (8), of the sealing seat (113).

9. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the machine tool spindle further comprises an air storage chamber (17) which is arranged on one side of the spindle box (1) and used for storing compressed air, and the air storage chamber (17) is communicated with the cooling channel (4) through an external pipeline.

10. A machine tool spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the machine tool spindle further comprises a bearing assembly (18) and a cover assembly (19) which are sequentially arranged at the rear part of the spindle body (2) along the direction far away from the liquid storage chamber (6).