CN211343317U

CN211343317U - Self-circulation flowing back plunger and flowing back equipment

Info

Publication number: CN211343317U
Application number: CN201921845231.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晰蒙
Original assignee: Beijing Aosaiqi Petroleum Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Aosaiqi Petroleum Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-loopa flowing back plunger and flowing back equipment. The self-circulation liquid discharge plunger comprises an overflow guide pipe, an upper joint, a lower joint, a plunger sealing assembly and a rod valve assembly; the overflowing guide pipe forms an overflowing channel; a first overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the upper joint; a second overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the lower joint; the lower joint forms an annular lower joint sealing surface; the upper end of the overflowing guide pipe is fixedly connected with the upper connector, the lower end of the overflowing guide pipe is in sliding fit with the lower connector, and the first overflowing hole, the overflowing guide pipe and the second overflowing hole form an oil-gas discharge channel; the plunger sealing component comprises an inner fixing sleeve, an outer fixing sleeve, an inner sealing sleeve and an outer sealing sleeve; the stem valve assembly includes a valve stem disposed in the lower fitting. The self-circulation liquid drainage plunger automatically moves up and down circularly under the combined action of gas well gas pressure and self gravity thereof in the well opening state of a gas well, realizes normal production of the gas well under the condition of no other system control, improves the well opening time rate of the gas well, ensures stable production or yield increase of the gas well, and simultaneously reduces the problem that the cost of the existing well is higher due to the adoption of a well opening electronic control system and a well opening execution system.

Description

Self-circulation flowing back plunger and flowing back equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil and natural gas exploitation equipment technical field especially relates to a self-loopa flowing back plunger reaches flowing back equipment including this self-loopa flowing back plunger.

Background

In the process of exploiting low-pressure oil and gas fields and coal bed gas, in order to ensure the normal operation of gas wells and realize stable and high yield, liquid accumulated in a shaft needs to be discharged in time.

In the prior art, the use of a plunger is one of the commonly used methods of drainage. The sealing assembly of the plunger can enable the periphery of the plunger to be matched with the inner wall surface of the shaft, and sealing of the matching surface is guaranteed. The basic working principle is as follows: at the beginning, the plunger inside the shaft is positioned at a set position under the well, and the plunger can separate an upper gas-liquid phase from a lower gas phase due to the sealing fit of the outer peripheral surface of the plunger and the inner wall surface of the shaft. When a well is opened, the gas-liquid pressure above the plunger is reduced (or the gas-liquid pressure below the plunger is increased), the gas compression stored energy of the well shaft or the energy formed by oil gas pushes the plunger to move upwards, and the accumulated liquid above the plunger is discharged out of the well shaft; when the well is shut down, the upper part and the lower part of the plunger piston are communicated, the pressure difference is reduced, and the plunger piston moves downwards under the action of the gravity of the plunger piston and returns to the set position under the well; and opening the well again, and repeating the work to realize intermittent liquid drainage production.

In the process of oil or natural gas exploitation, the intermittent switch is required to be disconnected and communicated to open or close the well, so that intermittent liquid drainage is performed. Meanwhile, intermittent well opening and closing requires coordinated control of an automatic control system and an execution system on the ground. The automatic control system and the execution system have higher self cost, installation cost and later maintenance cost. In practical applications, a high cost is required.

Under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of the plunger to realize liquid drainage, how to further reduce the exploitation cost of oil and gas fields and coal bed gas is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a can self-loopa flowing back plunger, do not need the automated control system and the actuating system on ground, just can guarantee or improve the productivity and the recovery ratio of oil gas well to realize low-cost oil gas development and production.

Based on the self-circulation liquid drainage plunger, a liquid drainage device comprising the self-circulation liquid drainage plunger is also provided.

In order to solve the technical problem, the self-circulation liquid drainage plunger provided by the utility model comprises an overflow guide pipe, an upper joint, a lower joint, a plunger sealing component and a rod valve component; an overflowing channel is formed between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the overflowing guide pipe; a first overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the upper joint; a second overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the lower joint; a lower joint sealing surface is formed on the upper side of a second overflowing opening of the lower joint; the upper end of the overflowing guide pipe is fixedly connected with the upper connector, the lower end of the overflowing guide pipe is in sliding fit with the lower connector in the vertical direction, and the first overflowing hole, the overflowing channel and the second overflowing hole can form an oil gas discharge channel;

the plunger sealing assembly comprises a fixed sleeve in sliding fit with the outer peripheral surface of the overflowing guide pipe, an outer sealing sleeve clamped between the lower end of the fixed sleeve and the upper end of the lower connector and a return spring positioned between the upper connector and the fixed sleeve; the outer sealing sleeve forms a sealing surface matched with the inner wall of the shaft;

the stem valve assembly comprises a valve stem disposed in the lower joint and protruding downward; the upper surface of the valve rod corresponds to the lower end face of the overflowing guide pipe, and the valve rod is in sealing fit with the lower joint sealing face at the upper limit position of the valve rod.

By adopting the self-circulation liquid drainage plunger, in a well opening state, the valve rod is in sealing fit with the sealing surface of the lower connector at the upper limit position of the valve rod, so that an oil-gas discharge channel is closed, the outer sealing sleeve of the plunger sealing assembly forms a sealing surface matched with the inner wall of a shaft, so that the plunger is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the shaft, and further gas-liquid phases above and below the plunger are in an isolation state. At the moment, the gas-liquid energy below the plunger is larger, and the plunger is pushed to move upwards; when the gas-liquid mixture ascends to a preset position (such as to reach Regenate), the upper joint touches a wellhead catcher, the upper joint and the overflowing guide pipe can move downwards relative to the plunger sealing assembly and the lower joint under the action of the wellhead catcher, so that the overflowing guide pipe can push the valve rod downwards, the oil-gas discharge channel is completely opened under the valve rod, the upper joint and the overflowing guide pipe return to the initial position under the action of the reset spring, the second overflowing hole of the lower joint is kept in an unblocked state, and the gas-liquid mixture reaches the upper part from the lower part of the plunger and is smoothly discharged. Along with the well opening time, the produced liquid cannot be discharged in time, the produced liquid is increased, the productivity of the gas well productivity is reduced, the plunger piston moves downwards to a preset position under the combined action of the gravity of the plunger piston and the reduction of the gas well productivity, when the valve rod touches the underground clamping device, the rod valve overcomes the limitation of the locking ball, moves upwards to an upper limit position to be in sealing fit with the sealing surface of the lower connector, and the second overflowing hole is closed, so that the oil gas discharge channel is closed; the foregoing actions are repeated again. Therefore, the plunger does not need to depend on a ground automatic control system and an execution system to move upwards and downwards, does not need to perform intermittent well opening and closing operation, and can automatically and circularly work by completely depending on gas-liquid pressure (underground energy) and self gravity, so that oil and natural gas are discharged, the productivity and the recovery ratio of the oil-gas well are improved, and meanwhile, the low-cost oil-gas development and production can be realized.

In a further preferred technical scheme, the fixing sleeve comprises an inner fixing sleeve in sliding fit with the outer peripheral surface of the overflowing guide pipe and an outer fixing sleeve fixed on the periphery of the inner fixing sleeve. This facilitates the installation of the plunger.

In a further optional technical scheme, the return spring is arranged between the upper joint and the outer fixing sleeve, or/and the return spring is arranged between the upper joint and the inner fixing sleeve.

In a further preferable technical scheme, the outer sealing sleeve and the upper joint are in sliding fit in the up-down direction. This ensures the reliability of the opening or closing of the plunger excess flow channel.

In a further preferred technical solution, the stem valve assembly further comprises a valve stem sleeve, and the valve stem sleeve is installed in the lower joint; the valve rod and the valve rod sleeve are in sliding fit in the vertical direction; the valve rod sleeve is provided with a locking hole, and an elastic element and a locking ball supported at one end of the elastic element are arranged in the locking hole; the valve rod is provided with a locking groove matched with the locking ball. Therefore, the stability of the lower limit position of the valve rod can be facilitated, and the reliability is ensured.

In a further preferred technical scheme, the downward displacement distance of the upper joint and the overflowing guide pipe relative to the plunger sealing assembly is greater than the distance between the bottom surface of the overflowing guide pipe and the top surface of the valve rod. Therefore, after the upper joint is opened to enable the upper joint to move downwards for a certain stroke, the upper joint is contacted with the valve rod, and the reliability of closing of the plunger overflowing channel is guaranteed.

In a further preferred technical scheme, a neck is formed on the periphery of the upper joint, and the first overflowing hole is located on the periphery of the neck. Therefore, the adverse effect of the wellhead catcher on the oil gas discharge channel can be avoided, and the smoothness of the oil gas discharge channel is ensured.

In a further preferred technical scheme, the overflowing guide pipe is provided with a limiting step, and the lower joint is correspondingly provided with a positioning step which is matched with the limiting step for limiting. Therefore, the downward movement position of the lower joint relative to the overflowing guide pipe can be limited, and the reliability of the self-circulation liquid discharge plunger is ensured.

The utility model provides a pair of among flowing back equipment, including a plurality of foretell self-loopa flowing back plungers, a plurality of self-loopa flowing back plungers are the order setting in upper and lower direction. A plurality of self-loopa flowing back plungers are used in series, can guarantee the flowing back effect, improve the exploitation efficiency of oil gas field and coal bed gas.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a self-circulation liquid discharge plunger structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which shows a state structure in which an oil-gas discharge passage is opened;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the working principle of the self-circulation liquid discharge plunger striking wellhead catcher provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle that the self-circulation liquid discharge plunger provided by the embodiment of the present invention impacts the downhole locking device;

wherein, in the figure:

the device comprises an upper joint 1, an overflowing guide pipe 2, a return spring 3, an inner fixing sleeve 4, a fixing clamping ring 5, an outer fixing sleeve 6, an outer fixing sleeve 7, a sealing spring 8, an inner sealing sleeve 9, a lower joint 10, a lower joint sealing surface 11, a second overflowing hole 12, a valve rod sleeve 13, a locking ball 14, an elastic element 15, a valve rod 16, an overflowing channel 17, a wellhead catcher 18 and a downhole retainer 19

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated. The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

In this document, unless otherwise indicated or otherwise indicated by context, the terms "inner," "outer," "end," "upper," "lower," and the like are used in a generic sense to refer to the exemplary plunger central axis.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-circulation liquid discharge plunger structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows a state structure of an open oil gas discharge passage. The self-circulating liquid discharge plunger comprises an upper connector 1, a lower connector 10, an overflowing guide pipe 2, a plunger sealing assembly and a rod valve assembly.

The overflowing guide pipe 2 is a hollow tubular structure, and an overflowing channel 17 is formed in the middle of the overflowing guide pipe, namely, the overflowing channel 17 is formed between the upper end face and the lower end face. The upper joint 1 is also of a hollow structure, and the side walls of the upper joint are respectively provided with a first overflowing hole. As shown in the figure, the periphery of the upper joint 1 forms a thin neck part, and the first overflowing hole is positioned on the periphery of the neck part. The upper end of the overflowing guide pipe 2 is sleeved and fixed from the lower end of the upper joint 1, so that the hollow parts of the overflowing channel 17 and the upper joint 1 are communicated with the first overflowing hole.

The lower joint 10 is also in the structure of an internal cavity, the sidewall is provided with a second overflowing hole 12, and the lower end of the lower joint 10 forms an open through hole structure. An annular lower joint sealing surface 11 is formed at an upper inner end surface of the second flow passage 12 of the lower joint 10. It will be appreciated that the lower joint sealing surface 11 may be provided as a conical or flat surface or other curved surface.

The lower end of the overflowing guide pipe 2 is in up-and-down sliding fit with the lower joint 10. As shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the outer peripheral surface of the overcurrent guide pipe 2 is provided with a limiting step, the inner periphery of the lower joint 10 is provided with a positioning step, the limiting step and the positioning step are correspondingly arranged, and the downward limit position of the lower joint 10 relative to the overcurrent guide pipe 2 can be limited during collision. The first overflowing hole, the overflowing channel 17 of the overflowing guide pipe 2 and the second overflowing hole 12 form an oil gas discharge channel.

Of course, the skilled person can set the corresponding limit step and the positioning step according to the actual need; other location limitable structures may also be provided.

The plunger sealing assembly is positioned outside the overflowing guide pipe 2 and can move a preset distance in the up-and-down direction relative to the overflowing guide pipe 2. In the embodiment, the plunger sealing assembly comprises an inner fixing sleeve 4 in sliding fit with the outer peripheral surface of the overflowing guide pipe 2 and an outer fixing sleeve 6 positioned on the outer periphery of the inner fixing sleeve 4; the external fixing sleeve 6 extends inwards to form a limited snap ring; a limiting step is formed on the periphery of the inner fixing sleeve 4, the lower end of the limiting snap ring is abutted against the limiting step, and the lower limiting of the outer fixing sleeve 6 relative to the inner fixing sleeve 4 is realized; the upper limit of the outer fixing sleeve 6 relative to the inner fixing sleeve 4 is achieved by means of a fixing collar 5, so that the inner fixing sleeve 4 and the outer fixing sleeve 6 remain fixed relative to each other in the axial direction. The upper end and the lower end of the outer fixed sleeve 7 are respectively clamped between the lower end of the outer fixed sleeve 6 and the upper end of the lower joint 10, and the middle outward protruding part forms a sealing surface matched with the inner wall of the well; in this embodiment, an inner sealing sleeve 9 is disposed between the outer sealing sleeve 7 and the inner fixing sleeve 4, so as to ensure internal sealing of the plunger moving component.

In the embodiment, the fixing sleeve is provided with the inner fixing sleeve and the outer fixing sleeve which are matched with each other, so that the plunger sealing assembly can be conveniently installed; it is also possible to provide the inner and outer sleeves with other configurations and to keep them fixed in a suitable manner.

In order to ensure the sealing effect, the upper end of the outer sleeve 7 and the fixed sleeve (the inner fixed sleeve 4 or the outer fixed sleeve 6) can be in sliding fit in the up-down direction, and the lower end of the outer sleeve 7 and the upper end of the lower joint 10 can be in sliding fit in the up-down direction, so that the sealing effect is ensured.

The utility model provides an in the embodiment, still be provided with return spring 3 between 1 lower extreme of top connection and outer fixed cover 6 to keep plunger seal assembly and lower clutch 10 to have and be close to the spacing tendency in lower part, when no exogenic action promptly, make conflict of lower clutch 10 on overflowing the lower extreme step of stand pipe 2. Of course, the plunger seal assembly can be configured to correspond to the actual need. For example, a suitable return spring 3 can also be provided between the upper joint 1 and the inner fixing sleeve 4.

In this embodiment, the stem valve assembly includes a stem sleeve 13 and a valve stem 16. A valve stem sleeve 13 is located in the interior cavity below the lower fitting 10 and below the second flow aperture 12. The valve rod 16 protrudes from the through hole at the lower end of the lower joint 10 by a predetermined length, and the upper surface of the valve rod 16 corresponds to the lower end surface of the over-flow guide pipe. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the objects of the present invention can be achieved by extending the valve stem 16 downwardly from the second flow aperture 12 and out of the lower end of the lower adapter 10. It will be appreciated that the valve stem 16 may be directly engaged with the lower fitting 10, i.e. the valve stem sleeve 13 is omitted.

In this embodiment, the valve rod 16 can move up and down relative to the valve rod sleeve 13, and at the upper limit position, the valve rod 16 is in sealing fit with the lower joint sealing surface 11, so that the oil gas discharge channel is closed; at its lower limit position, the valve stem 16 is separated from the lower joint sealing surface 11, so that the oil and gas discharge passage is closed and opened. The upper end of the valve stem 16 may be tapered or flat or otherwise curved, corresponding to the particular configuration of the lower joint sealing surface 11.

The utility model provides an in the embodiment, valve rod cover 13 is equipped with the locking hole, is installed elastic element 15 and supports locking ball 14 in elastic element 15 one end in the locking hole, be equipped with and at locking ball 13 assorted locking groove in valve rod 16 side. When the valve rod 16 moves downwards to a preset position relative to the valve rod sleeve 13, the locking ball 13 is matched with a locking groove of the valve rod 16 under the action of the elastic element 15, and the valve rod 16 can be locked.

In the embodiment, when the oil and gas discharge channel is completely opened, the distance of downward displacement of the upper connector 1 and the overflowing guide pipe 2 relative to the plunger seal assembly is greater than the distance between the lower end surface of the overflowing guide pipe 2 and the top surface of the valve rod 16, so that the lower end surface of the overflowing guide pipe 2 is positioned at the upper part of the second overflowing hole 12.

With reference to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic view of the working principle of the self-circulation liquid discharge plunger impacting the wellhead catcher; fig. 3 the embodiment of the utility model provides a working principle schematic diagram of the stopper in pit of self-loopa flowing back plunger striking is right the utility model provides a working principle of self-loopa flowing back plunger introduces as follows:

in the well opening state, the plunger rises, and liquid above the plunger is discharged; when the plunger rises to a wellhead, the upper connector 1 of the plunger impacts a wellhead catcher 18, and the impacting wellhead catcher 18 applies acting force to the upper connector 1 and the overflowing guide pipe 2, so that the upper connector 1 and the overflowing guide pipe 2 overcome the acting force of the return spring 3 and move downwards relative to the plunger sealing assembly; after moving for a preset distance, the lower end surface of the flow guide pipe 2 contacts the upper surface of the valve rod 16 and then continues to move downwards, the lower end of the flow guide pipe 2 impacts the valve rod 16 to move downwards, so that the lower second overflowing hole 12 is opened, and the valve rod 16 moves downwards to the locking position of the locking ball 14 and is locked by the locking ball 14; the upper connector 1 and the overflow guide tube 2 move up relative to the plunger seal assembly under the action of the return spring 3 and return to the starting position. At the moment, the oil gas discharge channel is opened and kept in an opening state, and gas-liquid phase below the plunger can reach the position above the plunger through the oil gas discharge channel.

The gas well is under the state of opening the well, and stratum liquid continues constantly to be produced, and when the productivity can not satisfy and take the liquid needs, the hydrops below the plunger increases gradually, and along with the time lapse, gas well liquid carrying ability descends gradually, when descending to a certain extent, the plunger just is under self action of gravity, because hydrops below the plunger can reach the plunger top through oil gas discharge channel, and the whereabouts is gone on by oneself and strikes the predetermined position's in the pit card 19 department.

When the valve rod 16 of the plunger impacts the underground retainer 19, the valve rod 16 overcomes the limit of the locking ball 14 and moves upwards relative to the lower joint 10, the upper end of the valve rod 16 is matched with the sealing surface 11 of the lower joint, the second overflowing hole 12 is closed, and the oil and gas discharge channel is in a closed state. At the moment, because the plunger sealing assembly is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the shaft, the plunger pushes the plunger to ascend by virtue of the good sealing performance of the plunger, and liquid above the plunger is lifted and discharged by gas-phase energy below the plunger. When the plunger moves to the wellhead, the upper connector 1 impacts the wellhead catcher 18 again to perform the same actions, so that the plunger can reciprocate in a self-circulation mode in the open-hole state to continuously discharge accumulated liquid. Therefore, the plunger can completely depend on gas-liquid pressure (underground energy) and self gravity without intermittent well opening and closing operation, and can work in a self-circulation mode, so that oil and natural gas are discharged, the productivity and the recovery ratio of the oil-gas well can be improved, and low-cost oil-gas development and production can be realized.

The utility model also provides a flowing back equipment, this flowing back equipment include a plurality of foretell self-loopa flowing back plungers, a plurality of self-loopa flowing back plungers are the order setting in upper and lower direction. In the use process, the plurality of self-circulation liquid discharge plungers are connected in series to increase the sealing property; when the lower part reaches the preset position, the lowest self-circulation liquid discharge plunger hits a preset underground retainer 19, and the valve rod 16 of the upper self-circulation liquid discharge plunger hits the upper joint 1 of the lower self-circulation liquid discharge plunger and moves upwards relative to the lower joint of the lower self-circulation liquid discharge plunger; on ascending to the wellhead, the uppermost self-circulating drainage plunger strikes the wellhead catcher 18, and the upper sub 1 of the lower self-circulating drainage plunger strikes the valve stem 16 of the upper self-circulating drainage plunger to change its state.

It is right above the utility model provides a self-loopa flowing back plunger has carried out detailed introduction to help understanding the utility model discloses a core thought. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-circulation liquid discharge plunger is characterized by comprising an overflowing guide pipe, an upper joint, a lower joint, a plunger sealing assembly and a rod valve assembly; an overflowing channel is formed between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the overflowing guide pipe; a first overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the upper joint; a second overflowing hole is formed in the side wall of the lower joint; a lower joint sealing surface is formed on the upper side of a second overflowing opening of the lower joint; the upper end of the overflowing guide pipe is fixedly connected with the upper connector, the lower end of the overflowing guide pipe is in sliding fit with the lower connector in the vertical direction, and the first overflowing hole, the overflowing channel and the second overflowing hole form an oil-gas discharge channel;

2. The self-circulating drain plunger of claim 1, wherein said retaining bushing comprises an inner retaining bushing slidably engaged with an outer peripheral surface of said flow guide tube, and an outer retaining bushing secured to an outer periphery of said inner retaining bushing.

3. The self-circulating drain plunger of claim 2, wherein said return spring is disposed between said upper fitting and said outer sleeve, or/and said return spring is disposed between said upper fitting and said inner sleeve.

4. The self-circulating drain plunger of claim 1, wherein the outer jacket is in sliding engagement with the upper fitting in an up-down direction.

5. The self-circulating drain plunger of claim 1 wherein said stem valve assembly further comprises a stem sleeve, said stem sleeve being mounted in said lower fitting; the valve rod and the valve rod sleeve are in sliding fit in the vertical direction; the valve rod sleeve is provided with a locking hole, and an elastic element and a locking ball supported at one end of the elastic element are arranged in the locking hole; the valve rod is provided with a locking groove matched with the locking ball.

6. The self-circulating drain plunger of claim 1, wherein the top tab and the excess flow guide tube are displaced downward relative to the plunger seal assembly a distance greater than the distance between the bottom surface of the excess flow guide tube and the top surface of the valve stem.

7. The plunger of any one of claims 1-6 wherein the upper fitting defines a neck at its periphery, and the first overflow aperture is located at the periphery of the neck.

8. The self-circulation drainage plunger piston as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the overflow guide pipe is provided with a limiting step, and the lower joint is correspondingly provided with a positioning step which is matched with the limiting step for limiting.

9. A drainage apparatus comprising a plurality of self-circulating drainage plungers of any one of claims 1 to 8 arranged in series in an up-down direction.