CN211321001U - Concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on phase change thermal storage TEG - Google Patents

Concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on phase change thermal storage TEG Download PDF

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CN211321001U
CN211321001U CN201921887362.1U CN201921887362U CN211321001U CN 211321001 U CN211321001 U CN 211321001U CN 201921887362 U CN201921887362 U CN 201921887362U CN 211321001 U CN211321001 U CN 211321001U
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light
thermoelectric
thermoelectric module
power generation
phase change
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苟轶檬
林征勋
刘伟豪
冉秀娟
官伟楠
鄢黄枚
贺喻馨
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Gou Diemeng
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The utility model provides a concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on a phase change thermal storage TEG, the host comprises a solar panel, a thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation group and a storage battery, and the solar panel is positioned at the lower layer of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation group; the surface of the solar cell panel facing the light collecting plate is a light receiving surface, the surface of the solar cell panel facing away from the light collecting plate is a non-light receiving surface, and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set is arranged on the non-light receiving surface of the solar cell panel; one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, which is connected with the non-illuminated surface, is a hot end, and one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, which is back to the non-illuminated surface, is a cold end; when the solar photovoltaic power generation system is used, the light collecting plate collects collected light to a photovoltaic power generation area below the host machine, and the light is converted into electricity for the first time; high temperature generated by the first power generation and light gathering is transmitted to the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, and the hot end and the cold end generate power secondarily by utilizing the temperature difference; the electricity generated by the first power generation and the second power generation is stored in the storage battery.

Description

Concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on phase change thermal storage TEG
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a photovoltaic power generation equipment, concretely relates to automatic protection device that cools down of spotlight photovoltaic based on phase change heat storage TEG.
Background
Compared with the traditional photovoltaic power generation, the concentrating photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved to 22.39% from 16%, but the high temperature generated by concentrating photovoltaic can reduce the power generation efficiency of the solar panel and greatly reduce the service life of equipment, so that the economic benefit is relatively low, and the investment cost is greatly improved. The existing cooling technology (such as a water tank circulation heat dissipation system) adopted by the concentrated photovoltaic power generation generates additional energy consumption and increases the cost and the design difficulty.
The solar photovoltaic power generation research in China is late, the solar photovoltaic power generation research is started in the last 70 th century, the solar photovoltaic power generation enters the stable development period in the 90 th century, and then the solar photovoltaic power generation is mainly applied to the communication and industrial aspects. In the 21 st century, the research on solar photovoltaic power generation is focused, in 2000 years, the photovoltaic technology of China has already stepped into a large-scale grid-connected power generation stage, and by 2106 years, the total photovoltaic power generation amount accounts for 1% of the total annual power generation amount of China, but the cost of photovoltaic power generation is always in a higher state, particularly for a household solar power generation system, the cost is as high as 10-12 yuan per watt.
The utilization trend of solar energy is more and more obvious in the global scope, and countries such as the united states, japan, germany, australia and the like are traditional big photovoltaic power generation countries, which have relatively complete photovoltaic power generation equipment, mature photovoltaic power generation technology and a certain degree of market scale. However, the existing photovoltaic power generation industry has the problems of long investment period, large investment capital, low investment income and the like, and the foreign photovoltaic power generation industry depends on preferential support policies of governments in various countries to a greater extent.
In summary, there are many improvements to existing photovoltaic power plant devices in the market, such as insufficient light energy utilization, short device life cycle, high production cost, large device volume, etc.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to exist among the prior art, the utility model provides an automatic protection device that cools down of spotlight photovoltaic based on phase change heat storage TEG has solved and has not fully utilized, device life cycle is short, high, the bulky problem of device to light energy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on a phase change thermal storage TEG comprises a support, a concentrating plate and a host machine, wherein the concentrating plate and the host machine are connected with the support in an adjustable mode;
the host comprises a solar panel, a thermoelectric module temperature difference power generation set and a storage battery, wherein the solar panel is positioned at the lower layer of the thermoelectric module temperature difference power generation set; the surface of the solar cell panel facing the light collecting plate is a light receiving surface, the surface of the solar cell panel facing away from the light collecting plate is a non-light receiving surface, and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set is arranged on the non-light receiving surface of the solar cell panel; one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, which is connected with the non-illuminated surface, is a hot end, and one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, which is back to the non-illuminated surface, is a cold end;
when the solar photovoltaic power generation system is used, the light collecting plate collects collected light to a photovoltaic power generation area below the host machine, and the light is converted into electricity for the first time;
high temperature generated by the first power generation and light gathering is transmitted to the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, and the hot end and the cold end generate power secondarily by utilizing the temperature difference; the electricity generated by the first power generation and the second power generation is stored in the storage battery.
And a heat-conducting silver silicone grease layer is coated between the solar cell panel and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set.
Furthermore, a phase change heat storage material container mainly made of sodium sulfate decahydrate is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set.
Furthermore, the thermoelectric module further comprises a diode and a temperature control switch, and the diode, the temperature control switch, the storage battery and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set form an automatic temperature control protection circuit.
Furthermore, diodes of the automatic temperature control protection circuit are D1 and D2, a normally open contact of the temperature control switch is K1, and a normally closed contact of the temperature control switch is K2;
the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the normally-open contact K1 in series to form a first branch, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the normally-closed contact K2 in series to form a second branch; the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, and then are connected in series with the storage battery; the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set is connected in series on a circuit between the negative electrode of the storage battery and the first branch and the second branch which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the light-gathering plate is an arc-shaped groove structure formed by a plurality of mirror surface plates.
Preferably, the curve function of the radian of the light collection plate is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002560420570000021
wherein N is the focal length and x is the variable.
Preferably, the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set is arranged by eight thermoelectric modules in a layout array of 4 x 2.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the mirror surface light collecting plate collects parallel sunlight, light is collected in a photovoltaic power generation area below the host machine for photoelectric conversion, and then electric energy generated for the first time is stored in the storage battery; the light is condensed to provide the energy of photoelectric conversion for the solar panel, and simultaneously, the solar panel is rapidly heated to generate a large amount of waste heat, the waste heat is transferred to the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set, the hot end and the cold end reach a transverse temperature difference to perform secondary power generation, and the generated electricity is stored in the storage battery; photovoltaic-temperature difference is adopted to generate power in a synergistic mode, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, the day and night temperature difference is fully utilized, the efficiency is improved, and the energy is secondarily utilized;
2. when the automatic temperature control protection circuit is at normal temperature, the normally closed contact K2 is closed, the normally open contact K1 is opened, the first branch circuit is opened, and the second branch circuit works normally; so as to ensure the stable charging of the storage battery by the thermoelectric module; when the light-gathering temperature is too high, the normally closed contact K2 is disconnected, the normally open contact K1 is closed, the branch circuit two is disconnected, the branch circuit one works normally, the storage battery releases the collected electric energy in the state of the branch circuit one, and the thermoelectric module supplies energy continuously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a part of the main body of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the automatic temperature control protection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the charging state of the automatic temperature control protection circuit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the discharge state of the automatic temperature control protection circuit of the present invention.
In the figure: the solar thermoelectric generation system comprises a support 1, a light gathering plate 2, a host 3, a solar panel 4, a thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5, a shell 6, a phase change heat storage material container 7 and a storage battery 8.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model provides a spotlight photovoltaic is automatic to fall based on phase change thermal storage TEGThe temperature protection device comprises a support 1, and a light collecting plate 2 and a host 3 which are connected with the support in an adjustable manner, wherein the host 3 and the light collecting plate 2 are connected through a rotating shaft, and the light collecting angle can be adjusted, so that a light source is effectively collected. The host 3 is positioned above the light-gathering plate 2; the solar panel 2 is the arc slot type structure that is formed by polylith mirror board, and solar panel 2 adopts high tenacity, and corrosion-resistant 2205 stainless steel material makes, and the width is 350mm, and long 1900mm, radian are a hyperbola, and the curve function formula of the radian of solar panel 2 is:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002560420570000031
the parallel light irradiated on the light gathering plate 2 is reflected and gathered to a hyperbolic focus, the host 3 is located 200mm below the hyperbolic focus, a rectangular light spot of 350mm × 220mm is formed on the solar cell panel 4, the whole solar cell panel 4 is covered, and the efficiency is maximized, wherein the efficiency of independent conventional photovoltaic power generation on the market is about 16%, and the efficiency of the concentrating photovoltaic power generation can be improved by 4% -6% on the basis of the independent conventional photovoltaic power generation and reaches about 22% -24%.
The host 3 comprises a solar panel 4, a thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 and a storage battery 8, wherein the solar panel 4 is positioned at the lower layer of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5; one surface of the solar cell panel 4 facing the light collecting panel 2 is a light receiving surface, the other surface of the solar cell panel 4 facing away from the light collecting panel 2 is a non-light receiving surface, and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 is arranged on the non-light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 4; one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 connected with the non-light-receiving surface is a hot end, and one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 back to the non-light-receiving surface is a cold end; when the solar photovoltaic power generation device is used, the light collecting plate 2 collects collected light to a photovoltaic power generation area below the host 3, and the light is converted into electricity for the first time; the high temperature generated by the first power generation and light gathering is transmitted to the thermoelectric module temperature difference power generation set 5, and the hot end and the cold end generate power secondarily by using the temperature difference; the electricity generated by the first power generation and the second power generation is stored in the storage battery 8. And a heat-conducting silver silicone grease layer is coated between the solar cell panel 4 and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5. And a phase change heat storage material container 7 mainly made of sodium sulfate decahydrate is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5.
Under normal sunshine, the mirror surface light-gathering plate 2 collects parallel sunlight, light rays are gathered in a 340x220mm photovoltaic power generation area below the host machine 3 for photoelectric conversion, and then electric energy generated for the first time is stored in the storage battery 8; the concentrated light provides energy of photoelectric conversion for the solar panel 4 and simultaneously enables the solar panel to rapidly heat up so as to generate a large amount of waste heat, the waste heat is transferred to the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation group 5 through heat conduction silver silicone grease coated on the back of the solar panel 4, the cold end is provided with a phase change heat storage material container 7 mainly made of sodium sulfate decahydrate, when the phase change heat storage material in the container reaches a melting point and begins to perform phase change heat absorption and energy storage, the temperature of the cold end can be stabilized at about 35 ℃ so as to maintain a stable generating temperature environment of TEG, the hot end and the cold end reach a transverse temperature difference to perform secondary power generation, and the generated electricity is stored in the storage battery 8; the photovoltaic-temperature difference is adopted to generate power in a synergistic mode, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, the day and night temperature difference is fully utilized, the efficiency is improved, and the energy is recycled. The optimal working temperature of the monocrystalline silicon solar panel 4 is-40-90 ℃, the power generation efficiency of the monocrystalline silicon solar panel is greatly influenced by the external temperature, and the power generation efficiency is reduced by 0.4% when the working temperature is increased by 1 ℃.
And moreover, the thermoelectric generation set also comprises a diode and a temperature control switch, and the diode, the temperature control switch, the storage battery 8 and the thermoelectric generation set 5 form an automatic temperature control protection circuit. Diodes of the automatic temperature control protection circuit are D1 and D2, a normally open contact of the temperature control switch is K1, and a normally closed contact of the temperature control switch is K2; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the normally-open contact K1 in series to form a first branch, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the normally-closed contact K2 in series to form a second branch; the first branch is connected with the second branch in parallel, and the first branch and the second branch are connected with the storage battery 8 in series after being connected in parallel; the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 is connected in series on a circuit between the negative electrode of the storage battery 8 and the first branch and the second branch which are connected in parallel.
When the automatic temperature control protection circuit is at normal temperature, the 100 ℃ normally closed contact K2 is closed, the 100 ℃ normally open contact K1 is open, the first branch is open, and the second branch works normally; to ensure the thermoelectric module to charge the storage battery 8 stably; when the condensation temperature is too high, the normally closed contact K2 at 100 ℃ is disconnected, the normally open contact K1 is closed, the branch circuit two is disconnected, the branch circuit one works normally, the storage battery 8 releases the collected electric energy in the state of the branch circuit one, and the thermoelectric module supplies energy continuously, when the thermoelectric module is used as an electric appliance, the Peltier effect is utilized to enable the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric generation set to exchange, the temperature of a heating surface is reduced, heat dissipation is carried out on the overheated solar cell panel 4, and the solar cell panel 4 and other elements are effectively protected from being damaged.
Preferably, the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set 5 is arranged by eight thermoelectric modules in a layout array of 4 × 2. The load matching value of the resistance of the thermoelectric module increases in a linear relationship with the increase of the temperature, and the resistance is larger as the temperature difference is larger. The thermoelectric module can stably output the thermoelectric module by maintaining the temperature difference at about 30 ℃ at 40-80 ℃. The generating efficiency can reach 1.4% -2% at medium and low temperature. The working temperature limit of the low-temperature thermoelectric module is 250 ℃, and the power generation efficiency is in direct proportion to the temperature difference. The device can generate a stable temperature difference environment of 40-80 ℃ during operation, can continuously provide 5V direct current for the storage battery 8 and can store and utilize the direct current.
The characteristics of the phase-change heat storage material enable the power generation device to be used for a long time without reducing the efficacy and the power generation efficiency; the solar cell panel 4 and the thermoelectric module can maintain stable states after being used for a long time; the unique heat dissipation device prolongs the service life of the equipment and improves the service efficiency. Compared with two main cooling modes of air cooling and water cooling for the solar photovoltaic panel, the phase change heat storage material has better stability and lower cost.
Under the condition of ensuring the stable structure of the device, a polishing mirror surface of 2205 stainless steel is adopted to ensure the toughness and the corrosion resistance of the device, an industrial European standard 2020 aluminum profile is adopted as a frame structure, and a high-strength aluminum alloy plate is adopted as a shell 6 of the host machine 3. The device is suitable for all concentrating photovoltaic power generation equipment, has an automatic temperature control cooling system, can reduce manual monitoring and control under extreme environment, and makes the construction of large-scale concentrating photovoltaic power generation equipment group more convenient and flexible become possible.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified or replaced by other means without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be construed as limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an automatic protection device that cools down of spotlight photovoltaic based on phase transition heat accumulation TEG which characterized in that: the device comprises a bracket (1), and a light-gathering plate (2) and a host (3) which are connected with the bracket in an adjustable manner, wherein the host (3) is positioned above the light-gathering plate (2);
the main machine (3) comprises a solar panel (4), a thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5) and a storage battery (8), wherein the solar panel (4) is positioned at the lower layer of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5); one surface of the solar cell panel (4) facing the light collecting panel (2) is a light receiving surface, the other surface of the solar cell panel (4) facing away from the light collecting panel (2) is a non-light receiving surface, and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5) is arranged on the non-light receiving surface of the solar cell panel (4); one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5) connected with the non-light-receiving surface is a hot end, and one side of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5) back to the non-light-receiving surface is a cold end;
when the solar photovoltaic power generation device is used, the light collecting plate (2) collects collected light to a photovoltaic power generation area below the host (3), and the light is converted into electricity for the first time;
high temperature generated by the first power generation and light gathering is transmitted to a thermoelectric module temperature difference power generation set (5), and the hot end and the cold end generate power secondarily by utilizing temperature difference; the electricity generated by the first power generation and the second power generation is stored in a storage battery (8).
2. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a heat-conducting silver silicone grease layer is coated between the solar cell panel (4) and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5).
3. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a phase change heat storage material container (7) mainly containing sodium sulfate decahydrate is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5).
4. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the thermoelectric generation unit also comprises a diode and a temperature control switch, wherein the diode and the temperature control switch form an automatic temperature control protection circuit with the storage battery (8) and the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation unit (5).
5. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 4, wherein: diodes of the automatic temperature control protection circuit are D1 and D2, a normally open contact of the temperature control switch is K1, and a normally closed contact of the temperature control switch is K2;
the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the normally-open contact K1 in series to form a first branch, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the normally-closed contact K2 in series to form a second branch; the first branch is connected with the second branch in parallel, and the first branch and the second branch are connected with the storage battery (8) in series after being connected in parallel; the thermoelectric module thermoelectric generation set (5) is connected in series on a circuit between the negative electrode of the storage battery (8) and the branch I and the branch II which are connected in parallel.
6. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light-gathering plate (2) is of an arc groove structure formed by a plurality of mirror surface plates.
7. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the curve function formula of the radian of the light-gathering plate (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002259504730000021
wherein N is the focal length and x is the variable.
8. The concentrated photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on the phase change thermal storage TEG as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thermoelectric generation group (5) of the thermoelectric modules is distributed by eight thermoelectric modules in a layout array of 4 x 2.
CN201921887362.1U 2019-11-04 2019-11-04 Concentrating photovoltaic automatic cooling protection device based on phase change thermal storage TEG Active CN211321001U (en)

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