CN211297077U - Detection circuit for installation state - Google Patents

Detection circuit for installation state Download PDF

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Publication number
CN211297077U
CN211297077U CN201920467773.9U CN201920467773U CN211297077U CN 211297077 U CN211297077 U CN 211297077U CN 201920467773 U CN201920467773 U CN 201920467773U CN 211297077 U CN211297077 U CN 211297077U
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circuit
led
lamp
signal
module
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熊爱明
陈俊仁
刘新通
吴海涛
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Jiaxing Super Lighting Electric Appliance Co Ltd
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Jiaxing Super Lighting Electric Appliance Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides an installation status's power module, power module is applicable to and supplies power for LED straight tube lamp. The power module comprises an installation detection module. The installation detection module comprises a detection controller, a switch circuit, a bias circuit, a start control circuit and a detection period decision circuit. The detection controller sends out a control signal to turn on the switch circuit temporarily in the detection stage so as to detect whether extra impedance is connected to the detection path of the power supply module or not in the switch turn-on period. The detection period determining circuit is used for sampling the electric signal on the detection path so as to count the time length of the detection controller operating in the detection stage. The start control circuit determines whether to disable the detection controller according to the counting result, so as to stop the detection controller.

Description

Detection circuit for installation state
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a lighting apparatus field, concretely relates to detection circuitry of mounted state and LED straight tube lamp's subassembly contains light source, power module and lamp holder.
Background
LED lighting technology is rapidly advancing to replace traditional incandescent and fluorescent lamps. Compared with a fluorescent lamp filled with inert gas and mercury, the LED straight lamp does not need to be filled with mercury. Therefore, LED straight tube lamps have become a highly desirable lighting option unintentionally in various lighting systems for homes or work places dominated by lighting options such as traditional fluorescent bulbs and tubes. Advantages of LED straight lamps include improved durability and longevity and lower power consumption. Therefore, a LED straight tube lamp would be a cost effective lighting option, taking all factors into account.
The known LED straight lamp generally includes a lamp tube, a circuit board disposed in the lamp tube and having a light source, and lamp caps disposed at two ends of the lamp tube, wherein a power supply is disposed in the lamp caps, and the light source and the power supply are electrically connected through the circuit board. However, the conventional straight LED lamp still has the following quality problems to be solved, for example, the circuit board is generally a rigid board, when the lamp tube is broken, especially when the lamp tube is partially broken, the whole straight LED lamp is still in a straight tube state, and a user may misunderstand that the lamp tube can still be used, so that the lamp tube can be installed by himself, which easily causes an electric leakage and an electric shock accident. The applicant has proposed a corresponding structural improvement in a previous case, such as CN 105465640U.
Furthermore, the circuit design of the existing LED straight tube lamp does not provide a proper solution for meeting the relevant certification standards. For example, the fluorescent lamp has no electronic components inside, and is quite simple in terms of meeting the UL certification and EMI specifications of the lighting equipment. However, the LED straight lamp has a lot of electronic components inside the lamp, and it is important to consider the influence caused by the layout among the electronic components, so that it is not easy to conform to the UL certification and EMI specifications.
Furthermore, the driving signal for driving the LED is a dc signal, while the driving signal for the fluorescent lamp is a low-frequency and low-voltage ac signal of the commercial power or a high-frequency and high-voltage ac signal of the electronic ballast, and even when the fluorescent lamp is applied to emergency lighting, the battery for emergency lighting is a dc signal. The voltage and frequency range difference between different driving signals is large, and the driving signals can be compatible without simple rectification.
There are two main ways of replacing the existing lighting device, i.e. the fluorescent tube, with the light emitting diode (i.e. LED straight tube) tube in the market.
One is a ballast compatible light emitting diode lamp (T-LED lamp), and the traditional fluorescent lamp is directly replaced by the light emitting diode lamp on the basis of not changing the circuit of the original lighting device. The other is a Ballast by-pass type (Ballast by-pass) LED lamp tube, the traditional Ballast is omitted from the circuit, and the commercial power is directly connected to the LED lamp tube. The latter is suitable for new decoration environment, and adopts new drive circuit and LED lamp tube. Among them, the ballast-compatible Type LED lamp can be generally called "Type-a" Type LED lamp, and the ballast bypass Type LED lamp with built-in lamp driving can be generally called "Type-B" Type LED lamp.
In the prior art, because the lamp socket corresponding to the Type-B Type LED lamp tube is directly connected to the mains signal and does not pass through the ballast first, when the LED straight lamp is a double-ended power supply, if one of the two ends of the LED straight lamp is inserted into the lamp socket and the other end of the LED straight lamp is not inserted into the lamp socket, a user may touch a metal or conductive part of the end of the lamp socket, which is not inserted into the lamp socket, and then risk of electric shock may occur.
Many of the known international lighting factories are also limited by the above technical problems, and thus there is no further advance in the technology of Type-B LED lamps driven by a double-ended power supply. Taking GE Lighting as an example, in the published literature entitled "connecting LED Tubes" (reviewed in 7/8/2014) and "donlars & Sense: Type B LED Tubes" (reviewed in 21/10), the singular Lighting company has repeatedly suggested that the defects such as electric shock risk of the Type-B LED tube cannot be overcome, and thus further product commercialization and sale of the Type-B tube are not considered.
In addition, when the LED tube lamp is a double-ended LED lamp (e.g. 8 feet and 42W double-ended LED lamp), a wire (called Line or Neutral) is disposed between (at least one pin of) two end lamp caps along a lamp panel (e.g. flexible circuit board) in the lamp tube for receiving an external driving voltage. The lead Line is different from (1) an LED + Line and an LED-Line which are connected with the anode and the cathode of the LED unit and (2) a Ground Line (Ground) in the lamp tube. However, since the wire Line runs through the lamp panel and is close to the LED + Line, a parasitic capacitance (e.g., about 200PF) exists between the two lines, the wire Line is easily generated or affected by electromagnetic interference (EMI), and the conduction of the power supply becomes poor.
In view of the above, the present invention and embodiments thereof are provided below.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
This abstract describes many embodiments of the invention. The term "present invention" is used merely to describe some embodiments disclosed in this specification (whether or not in the claims), and not a complete description of all possible embodiments. Certain embodiments of various features or aspects described below as "the present invention" may be combined in various ways to form an LED straight tube lamp or a portion thereof.
The utility model provides a module is listened in new LED straight tube lamp and installation to and its each aspect (and characteristic), in order to solve above-mentioned problem.
The utility model provides an installation status's detection circuitry is applicable to the setting in the power module of the LED straight tube lamp that has Type-B bi-polar electricity feeding mode, a serial communication port, include: the detection controller is used for detecting whether the LED straight tube lamp has abnormal impedance access or not and sending out a corresponding control signal, wherein when the LED straight tube lamp has abnormal impedance access, the detection controller sends out a control signal with a pulse waveform; the switch circuit is connected in series with a power supply loop of the LED straight lamp and is controlled by a control signal sent by the detection controller to switch on or off states; and the time delay control circuit is used for sending a stopping signal to the detection controller after the working time of the detection controller reaches a set time, wherein when the detection controller still judges that the LED straight tube lamp is connected with abnormal impedance after the set time, the detection controller responds to the stopping signal to stop operating, and the switch circuit is maintained in a cut-off state.
The utility model discloses an embodiment when LED straight tube lamp no abnormal impedance inserts, the control signal that enables is sent to the detection control ware so that switching circuit gets into on-state.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, when the detection controller is in judge after setting for long time that LED straight tube lamp does not have the abnormal impedance and inserts, the detection controller shields the stop signal to the control signal that keeps sending the enable makes switching circuit maintains at on-state.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, when detection controller is in judge in setting for a long time that LED straight tube lamp is free from abnormal impedance inserts, time delay control circuit stops sending the stop signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the detection circuit of the installation state further includes: and the bias circuit is used for getting power from the power supply loop and generating a driving voltage to the detection controller according to the power, so that the detection controller is started and operated in response to the driving voltage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the bias circuit generates the driving voltage based on the rectified signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, the bias circuit generates the driving voltage based on an ac signal at an input end of the LED straight tube lamp.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the delay control circuit includes: a detection period decision circuit for sampling an electric signal on the power supply circuit to count the operating time period and outputting an indication signal indicating whether the operating time period reaches the set time period; and a start control circuit electrically connected to the detection controller and the detection period determining circuit, for determining whether to send the suspension signal according to the indication signal, wherein: when the indication signal indicates that the working duration reaches the set duration, the start control circuit responds to the indication signal to send the suspension signal, and when the indication signal indicates that the working duration does not reach the set duration, the start control circuit responds to the indication signal not to send the suspension signal. (8,12,16)
In an embodiment of the present invention, the detection circuit of the installation state further includes a bias circuit, and the start control circuit includes: the first end of the transistor is electrically connected with the power supply end or the enabling end of the detection circuit, the second end of the transistor is electrically connected with the grounding end, and the control end of the transistor is electrically connected with the detection period decision circuit to receive the indication signal. (9,13,17)
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the indication signal indicates that the operating time period reaches the set time period, the transistor is turned on in response to the indication signal, so that the driving voltage output terminal of the bias circuit is electrically connected to the ground terminal; and when the indication signal indicates that the working time length does not reach the set time length, the transistor is switched off in response to the indication signal. (10,14,18)
The utility model provides a power module, a serial communication port, include: a rectifying circuit to receive an external drive signal from a rectifying input and to rectify the external drive signal to produce a rectified signal at a rectifying output; the filter circuit is connected with the rectification output end, receives the rectified signal and generates a filtered signal; the drive circuit is connected with the filter circuit, and the rectifying circuit, the filter circuit and the drive circuit are sequentially connected onto a power supply loop to provide a drive signal through the power supply loop; and a detection circuit of a mounting state according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
The utility model provides a LED straight tube lamp, a serial communication port, include: a lamp tube; two lamp caps respectively arranged at two sides of the lamp tube; a power supply module as claimed in claim 11; and the LED module is arranged in the lamp tube and is electrically connected with the power supply module so as to be lightened in response to the driving signal.
The utility model provides a listen module is applicable to the setting and advances in the power module of electric Type-B Type LED straight tube lamp at the bi-polar, is used for listening whether LED straight tube lamp has the access of abnormal impedance. The detection module is configured to perform the steps of: turning on the detection path for a period of time and then turning off the detection path; sampling an electrical signal on the detection path during conduction of the detection path; judging whether the sampled electric signal conforms to the preset signal characteristics; if the sampled electric signal is judged to accord with the preset signal characteristic, controlling the switch circuit to operate in a first configuration; if the sampled electric signal is judged not to accord with the preset signal characteristic, controlling the switch circuit to operate in a second configuration; and after the sampled electric signal is judged not to accord with the preset signal characteristic, the steps are repeatedly executed.
The utility model provides a power module, a serial communication port, include: a rectifying circuit to receive an external drive signal from a rectifying input and to rectify the external drive signal to produce a rectified signal at a rectifying output; the filter circuit is connected with the rectification output end, receives the rectified signal and generates a filtered signal; the drive circuit is connected with the filter circuit, and the rectifying circuit, the filter circuit and the drive circuit are sequentially connected onto a power supply loop to provide a drive signal through the power supply loop; a detection module as claimed in claim 19.
The utility model provides a LED straight tube lamp, a serial communication port, include: a lamp tube; two lamp caps respectively arranged at two sides of the lamp tube; a power supply module as claimed in claim 20; and the LED module is arranged in the lamp tube and is electrically connected with the power supply module so as to be lightened in response to the driving signal.
The utility model provides a LED straight tube lamp, a serial communication port, include: a lamp tube; two lamp caps respectively arranged at two sides of the lamp tube; an LED module disposed within the light pipe to illuminate in response to a driving signal; a power module electrically connected to the LED module for generating the driving signal, wherein the power module comprises: the installation detection module is used for detecting whether the LED straight tube lamp is accessed by abnormal impedance when the LED straight tube lamp is electrified, and if the installation detection module judges that the abnormal impedance is accessed, the installation detection module limits the leakage current on the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp to be smaller than a safety value; a first resistor, a first end of which is electrically connected with the power supply loop, and a second end of which is electrically connected with a power end of the installation detection module; a first capacitor, a first end of which is electrically connected with the second end of the first resistor, and a second end of which is electrically connected with a grounding end; a first end of the second resistor is electrically connected with a second end of the first resistor and a first end of the first capacitor; a first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with a second end of the second resistor, and a second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with the grounding end; and a first end of the transistor is electrically connected with the power supply end or the enabling end of the installation detection module, a second end of the transistor is electrically connected with the grounding end, and a control end of the transistor is electrically connected with the second capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and the cathode of the diode is electrically connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the anode of the diode is electrically connected with the second end of the second resistor and the first end of the second capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and the cathode of the Zener diode is electrically connected with the second end of the second resistor and the first end of the second capacitor, and the anode of the Zener diode is electrically connected with the control end of the transistor, wherein the second capacitor is electrically connected with the transistor through the Zener diode.
The utility model provides a LED straight tube lamp, a serial communication port, include: a lamp tube; two lamp caps respectively arranged at two sides of the lamp tube; an LED module disposed within the light pipe to illuminate in response to a driving signal; a power module electrically connected to the LED module for generating the driving signal, wherein the power module comprises: the installation detection module is used for detecting whether the LED straight tube lamp is accessed by abnormal impedance when the LED straight tube lamp is electrified, and if the installation detection module judges that the abnormal impedance is accessed, the installation detection module limits the leakage current on the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp to be smaller than a safety value; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected with the power supply loop; a first resistor, a first end of which is electrically connected with the cathode of the first diode; a first capacitor, a first end of which is electrically connected with a second end of the first resistor, and a second end of which is electrically connected with a grounding end; and a first end of the transistor is electrically connected with the power supply end or the enabling end of the installation detection module, a second end of the transistor is electrically connected with the grounding end, and a control end of the transistor is electrically connected with the second capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the first capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and a first end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the control end of the transistor, and a second end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the grounding end.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and the cathode of the first zener diode is electrically connected with the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the first capacitor, and the anode of the first zener diode is electrically connected with the control end of the transistor, wherein the first capacitor is electrically connected with the transistor through the first zener diode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: and the second Zener diode is connected in parallel with the first capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the LED straight lamp further includes: the first voltage division resistor is electrically connected between the cathode of the first diode and the first end of the first resistor; a first end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the first resistor, and a second end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the first capacitor; and a third voltage dividing resistor, wherein a first end of the third voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected with a second end of the second voltage dividing resistor, and a second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is electrically connected with the grounding end.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a cross-sectional plan view showing the arrangement of a lamp panel and a power module inside a lamp tube of an LED straight lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1B is a cross-sectional plan view showing the arrangement of a lamp panel and a power module of a LED straight lamp in the interior of a lamp tube according to another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 1C is a cross-sectional plan view showing the arrangement of the lamp panel and the power module inside the lamp tube of the LED straight lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a double-layered structure of a flexible circuit flexible board of a lamp panel of an LED straight lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3A is a perspective view showing a bonding pad of a flexible circuit board of a lamp panel of an LED straight lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention, the bonding pad being connected to a printed circuit board of a power supply by soldering;
fig. 3B is a schematic view of a lead wire of the LED straight lamp arranged along the lamp panel between the lamp caps at two ends of the LED straight lamp according to an embodiment;
fig. 4A is a partial schematic view of a welding structure of a lamp panel and a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4B to 4D are schematic diagrams illustrating a welding process of the lamp panel and the power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a perspective view showing that a flexible circuit board of a lamp panel of an LED straight lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention is combined with a printed circuit board of a power supply to form a circuit board assembly;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating another configuration of the circuit board assembly of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a flexible circuit board of a lamp panel having two circuit layers according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight lamp according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight lamp according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8C is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8D is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8E is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8F is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8G is a block diagram of a circuit for connecting the LED straight tube lamp with an external power supply according to a preferred embodiment;
fig. 9A is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9B is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9C is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9D is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9E is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9F is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10A is a schematic circuit block diagram of a filter circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10B is a circuit diagram of a filtering unit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10C is a circuit diagram of a filtering unit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11A is a schematic circuit diagram of an LED module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11B is a circuit diagram of an LED module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11C is a schematic diagram of routing of the LED module according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11D is a schematic diagram of routing of an LED module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11E is a schematic diagram of routing of an LED module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11F is a schematic view of wiring of an LED module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11G is a schematic wiring diagram of an LED module according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11H is a schematic diagram of wiring of an LED module according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11I is a schematic diagram of routing of an LED module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11J is a schematic circuit diagram of a power pad according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11K is a schematic diagram of wiring of an LED module according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12B is a schematic circuit block diagram of a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12C is a schematic signal waveform diagram of a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12D is a signal waveform diagram of a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12E is a schematic signal waveform diagram of a driving circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12F is a schematic signal waveform diagram of a driving circuit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12G is a circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12H is a circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12I is a circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12J is a circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13B is a circuit diagram of an overvoltage protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14C is a circuit diagram of an auxiliary power module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14D is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14E is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of the auxiliary power module according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14F is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14G is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an auxiliary power module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14H is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an auxiliary power module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14I is a schematic view of an arrangement of an auxiliary power supply module in a straight LED tube lamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14J is a schematic view of the arrangement of the auxiliary power supply module in the lamp socket according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14K is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of the LED straight lamp lighting system according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14L is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14M is a schematic block diagram of an application circuit of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14N is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply module according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14O is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply module according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14P is a timing diagram of the auxiliary power module according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in a normal state;
fig. 14Q is a timing diagram of the auxiliary power module according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in an abnormal state;
fig. 15A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16C is a circuit diagram of a detection decision circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16D is a circuit diagram of a detection result latch circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16E is a circuit diagram of a switch circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17C is a circuit diagram of a detection decision circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17D is a circuit diagram of a detection result latch circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17E is a circuit diagram of a switch circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18B is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit module of the integrated control module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18C is a circuit diagram of a pulse generation auxiliary circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18D is a circuit diagram of a detection determination auxiliary circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18E is a circuit diagram of a switch circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19A is a schematic circuit module diagram of a mounting detection module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19B is a circuit diagram of a signal processing unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19C is a circuit diagram of a signal generating unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19D is a circuit diagram of a signal acquisition unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 19E is a circuit diagram of a switch unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 19F is a schematic circuit diagram of an internal power detection unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20A is a schematic circuit module diagram of a mounting detection module according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20B is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20C is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20D is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 20E is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21A is a schematic circuit module diagram of a mounting detection module according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21B is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 21C is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22A is a schematic circuit module diagram of an installation detection module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22C is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22D is a circuit diagram of a detection decision circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22E is a circuit diagram of a bias voltage adjusting circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22F is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 22G is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of an installation state of a LED straight lamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 24A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a ninth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 24B is a circuit diagram of a detection circuit and a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 24C is a circuit diagram of a detection circuit and a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 25A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a tenth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 25B is a circuit diagram of a detection trigger circuit and a driving circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 25C is a block diagram of an application circuit of the integrated controller according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 25D is a circuit diagram of a detection trigger circuit and a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 26A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to an eleventh preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 26B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a twelfth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27A is a schematic signal timing diagram of a power module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27B is a schematic signal timing diagram of a power module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27C is a schematic signal timing diagram of a power module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27D is a schematic diagram illustrating a waveform of a detection current according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27E is a schematic diagram illustrating a waveform of a detection current according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 27F is a schematic diagram illustrating a waveform of a detection current according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 28A is a schematic circuit module diagram of an installation detection module according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 28B is a circuit diagram of a bias circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 28C is a circuit diagram of a bias circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of the detection pulse generating module according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 30A is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 30B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 31A is a schematic signal timing diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 31B is a schematic signal timing diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 31C is a schematic signal timing diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 31D is a schematic signal timing diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 32A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 32B is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 32C is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 32D is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 33 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a light replacement detecting method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a new LED straight tube lamp to solve the problem and the above-mentioned problem of mentioning in the background art. In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. The following description of the various embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustration only and is not intended to represent all embodiments of the present invention or to limit the present invention to particular embodiments.
In addition, it should be noted that the present disclosure is described below in terms of various embodiments in order to clearly illustrate various features of the present disclosure. But not to mean that the various embodiments can only be practiced individually. One skilled in the art can design the present invention by combining the practical examples or by replacing the replaceable components/modules of the different embodiments according to the design requirements. In other words, the embodiments taught by the present disclosure are not limited to the aspects described in the following embodiments, but include various combinations and permutations of various embodiments/elements/modules as appropriate, as will be described in the foregoing.
Although the applicant has proposed an improvement method for reducing the leakage accident by using a flexible circuit board in the prior art, such as CN105465640U, some embodiments can be combined with the circuit method of the present application to achieve more significant effects.
Referring to fig. 1A, fig. 1A is a plan sectional view showing a configuration of a lamp panel and a power module of an LED straight tube lamp in a lamp tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight lamp includes a lamp panel 2 and a power supply 5, wherein the power supply 5 may be in a modular type, that is, the power supply 5 may be an integrated power supply module. The power source 5 may be an integrated single unit (e.g., all components of the power source 5 are disposed in a body) and disposed in a base at one end of the lamp. Alternatively, the power supply 5 may be two separate components (e.g., the elements of the power supply 5 are divided into two parts) and disposed in the two lamp bases, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the power source 5 is illustrated as being integrated into a module (hereinafter referred to as the power source module 5), and the power source module 5 is disposed in the lamp head in parallel with the axial direction cyd of the lamp tube. More specifically, the axial cyd of the lamp is the direction in which the axis of the lamp is directed, which is perpendicular to the end wall of the base. The axial direction cyd of the power module 5 parallel to the lamp tube means that the circuit board of the power module equipped with electronic components is parallel to the axial direction cyd, i.e. the normal of the circuit board is orthogonal to the axial direction cyd. In different embodiments, the power module 5 may be disposed at a position where the axial cyd passes through, and at an upper side or a lower side (with respect to the drawings) of the axial cyd, which is not limited by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1B, fig. 1B is a plan sectional view showing a lamp panel and a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention disposed inside a lamp tube. The main difference between this embodiment and the embodiment of fig. 1A is that the power module 5 is disposed in the lamp base perpendicular to the axial direction cyd of the lamp tube, i.e. parallel to the end wall of the lamp base. Although the drawings show the electronic components on the power module 5 disposed on the side facing the inside of the lamp tube, the invention is not limited thereto. In another exemplary embodiment, the electronic component may also be arranged on a side close to the end wall of the lamp base. Under the configuration, the lamp holder can be provided with the opening, so that the heat dissipation effect of the electronic element can be improved.
In addition, because the vertical configuration power module 5 can make the available accommodation space in the lamp holder increase, therefore power module 5 can further be split into the configuration of a plurality of circuit boards, as shown in fig. 1C, wherein, fig. 1C is the plane sectional view showing the lamp plate and the power module of the LED straight tube lamp of another embodiment of the present invention in the configuration of the inside of the lamp tube. The main difference between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiment shown in fig. 1B is that the power supply 5 is composed of two power supply modules 5a and 5B, the two power supply modules 5a and 5B are both disposed in the lamp head perpendicular to the axial direction cyd, and the power supply modules 5a and 5B are arranged in sequence along the axial direction cyd and face the end wall of the lamp head. More specifically, the power modules 5a and 5B have independent circuit boards, and the circuit boards are respectively configured with corresponding electronic components, wherein the two circuit boards can be connected together through various electrical connection means, so that the overall power circuit topology is similar to the aforementioned embodiment shown in fig. 1A or fig. 1B. With the configuration shown in fig. 1C, the accommodating space in the lamp head can be utilized more effectively, so that the circuit layout space of the power modules 5a and 5b is larger. In an exemplary embodiment, electronic components (e.g., capacitors, inductors) that may generate more heat energy may be selectively disposed on the power module 5b near the end wall of the lamp cap, so as to increase the heat dissipation effect of the electronic components through the opening of the lamp cap. On the other hand, in order to vertically arrange the power modules 5a and 5b in the cylindrical lamp cap, the circuit boards of the power modules 5a and 5b may adopt an octagonal structure to maximize the layout area.
Regarding the connection mode between the power modules 5a and 5b, the separated power modules 5a and 5b can be connected with the female plug through the male plug or connected with the female plug through the wire bonding, and the outer layer of the wire can be wrapped by the insulating sleeve to be used as electric insulation protection. In addition, the power modules 5a and 5b can also be directly connected together by rivet, solder paste, soldering or wire bonding.
Referring to fig. 2, the flexible circuit board as the lamp panel 2 includes a circuit layer 2a with a conductive effect, and the light source 202 is disposed on the circuit layer 2a and electrically connected to a power source through the circuit layer 2 a. The circuit layer having a conductive effect in this specification may also be referred to as a conductive layer. Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the flexible circuit board may further include a dielectric layer 2b stacked on the circuit layer 2a, the area of the dielectric layer 2b is equal to or slightly smaller than that of the circuit layer 2a, and the circuit layer 2a is disposed on the surface opposite to the dielectric layer 2b for disposing the light source 202. The circuit layer 2a is electrically connected to a power source 5 (see fig. 1) for passing a dc current. The dielectric layer 2b is bonded to the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube 1 via an adhesive sheet 4 on the surface opposite to the wiring layer 2 a. The wiring layer 2a may be a metal layer or a power layer with wires (e.g., copper wires) disposed thereon.
In other embodiments, the outer surfaces of the circuit layer 2a and the dielectric layer 2b may be coated with a circuit protection layer, which may be an ink material having functions of solder resistance and reflection increase. Or, the flexible circuit board may be a layer structure, that is, it is composed of only one circuit layer 2a, and then the surface of the circuit layer 2a is covered with a circuit protection layer made of the above-mentioned ink material, and the protection layer may be provided with an opening, so that the light source can be electrically connected with the circuit layer. Either a one-layer wiring layer 2a structure or a two-layer structure (a wiring layer 2a and a dielectric layer 2b) can be used with the circuit protection layer. The circuit protection layer may be disposed on one side of the flexible circuit board, for example, only one side having the light source 202. It should be noted that the flexible circuit board is a one-layer circuit layer structure 2a or a two-layer structure (a circuit layer 2a and a dielectric layer 2b), which is significantly more flexible and flexible than a common three-layer flexible substrate (a dielectric layer sandwiched between two circuit layers), and therefore, the flexible circuit board can be matched with a lamp tube 1 having a special shape (e.g., a non-straight tube lamp) to closely attach the flexible circuit board to the wall of the lamp tube 1. In addition, the flexible circuit soft board is closely attached to the tube wall of the lamp tube, so that the better the configuration is, the smaller the number of layers of the flexible circuit soft board is, the better the heat dissipation effect is, the lower the material cost is, the more environment-friendly is, and the flexibility effect is also improved.
Certainly, the utility model discloses a flexible formula circuit soft board is not limited to one deck or two-layer circuit board only, and in other embodiments, flexible formula circuit soft board includes multilayer circuit layer 2a and multilayer dielectric layer 2b, and dielectric layer 2b can crisscross the superpose according to the preface with circuit layer 2a and locate circuit layer 2a and the one side that light source 202 carried on the back mutually, and light source 202 locates multilayer circuit layer 2 a's the top one deck, through circuit layer 2 a's the top one deck and power electrical connectivity. In other embodiments, the length of the axial projection of the flexible circuit board as the lamp panel 2 is greater than the length of the lamp tube.
Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment, a flexible circuit board as a lamp panel 2 includes, in order from top to bottom, a first circuit layer 2a, a dielectric layer 2b and a second circuit layer 2c, a thickness of the second circuit layer 2c is greater than a thickness of the first circuit layer 2a, an axial projection length of the lamp panel 2 is greater than a length of the lamp tube 1, wherein the lamp panel 2 is not provided with a light source 202 and protrudes from an end region of the lamp tube 1, the first circuit layer 2a and the second circuit layer 2c are electrically connected through two through holes 203 and 204, but the through holes 203 and 204 are not connected to each other to avoid short circuit.
In this way, since the second circuit layer 2c has a larger thickness, the first circuit layer 2a and the dielectric layer 2b can be supported, and the lamp panel 2 is not easily deflected or deformed when attached to the inner wall of the lamp tube 1, thereby improving the manufacturing yield. In addition, first circuit layer 2a and second circuit layer 2c are electric to be linked together for circuit layout on first circuit layer 2a can extend to second circuit layer 2c, makes circuit layout on lamp plate 2 more many units. Moreover, the wiring of original circuit layout becomes the bilayer from the individual layer, and the circuit layer individual layer area on lamp plate 2, the ascending size in width direction promptly can further reduce, lets the batch carry out the lamp plate quantity of solid brilliant can increase, promotes productivity ratio.
Furthermore, the first circuit layer 2a and the second circuit layer 2c, which are disposed on the lamp panel 2 and protrude from the end region of the lamp tube 1, can also be directly used to implement the circuit layout of the power module, so that the power module can be directly configured on the flexible circuit board.
If the lamp panel 2 is not fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube 1 along the two axial ends of the lamp tube 1, if the lamp panel is connected by the wire, the wire may be broken because the two ends are free and the wire is easily shaken in the subsequent moving process. Therefore, the connection mode of the lamp panel 2 and the power supply 5 is preferably welding. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the lamp panel 2 can be directly soldered to the output terminal of the power supply 5 after climbing over the transition area 103 of the reinforcement structure, so that the use of a wire is eliminated, and the stability of the product quality is improved.
As shown in fig. 3A, a specific implementation may be to leave a power supply pad a at the output end of the power supply 5, and leave tin on the power supply pad a, so that the thickness of tin on the pad is increased, which is convenient for welding, and correspondingly, leave a light source pad b on the end portion of the lamp panel 2, and weld the power supply pad a at the output end of the power supply 5 and the light source pad b of the lamp panel 2 together. If the plane on which the pads are located is defined as the front surface, the connection between the lamp panel 2 and the power supply 5 is most stable due to the abutting of the pads on the front surfaces, but when soldering, the soldering pressure head typically presses the back surface of the lamp panel 2, and the solder is heated through the lamp panel 2, which is more likely to cause a reliability problem. If in some embodiments, a hole is formed in the middle of the light source pad b on the front surface of the lamp panel 2, and the light source pad b is overlaid on the power source pad a on the front surface of the power source 5 in an upward mode to be welded, the welding pressure head can directly heat and melt the soldering tin, and practical operation is easy to achieve.
As shown in fig. 3A, in the above embodiment, most of the flexible circuit board as the lamp panel 2 is fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the lamp 1, only two ends of the flexible circuit board are not fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the lamp 1 (see fig. 7), the lamp panel 2 not fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the lamp 1 forms a free portion 21 (see fig. 1 and 7), and the portion of the lamp panel 2 fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the lamp 1 forms a fixing portion 22. The free portion 21 has the pad b, one end of which is welded to the power supply 5, and the other end of which is integrally extended to the fixed portion 22, and the portion between the two ends of the free portion 21 is not attached to the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube 1 (i.e., the middle section of the free portion 21 is in a floating state). During assembly, the free portion 21 is drawn toward the inside of the lamp tube 1 by the end of the free portion 21 welded to the power source 5. It should be noted that, when the flexible circuit board as the lamp panel 2 has a structure in which two circuit layers 2a and 2c sandwich a dielectric layer 2b as shown in fig. 7, the lamp panel 2 is not provided with the light source 202 and protrudes from the end region of the lamp tube 1 to serve as the free portion 21, so that the free portion 21 realizes the connection of the two circuit layers and the circuit layout of the power module.
In addition, in the pin design of the LED straight lamp, the structure may be a single pin (two pins in total) with two ends or a double pin (four pins in total) with two ends. Therefore, in the case of power supply from both ends of the LED straight lamp, at least one pin of each of both ends can be used to receive the external driving signal. The wires disposed between each pin of the two terminals are typically referred to as Line or Neutral wires, and may be used for signal input and transmission. Fig. 3B is a schematic view of a lead wire of the LED straight lamp disposed along the lamp panel (e.g., flexible circuit board) between the lamp caps at two ends of the LED straight lamp according to an embodiment. Referring to fig. 3B, the LED straight tube lamp of the present disclosure may include a lamp tube, a lamp cap (not shown in fig. 3B), a lamp panel 2, a short circuit board 253, and an inductor 526 in an embodiment. The two ends of the lamp tube are respectively provided with at least one pin for receiving external driving voltage. The lamp caps are disposed at both ends of the lamp tube, and (at least part of the electronic components of) the short circuit boards 253 at the left and right ends of the lamp tube can be respectively disposed in the lamp caps at both ends as shown in fig. 3B. The lamp panel 2 is arranged in the lamp tube and includes an LED module, and the LED module includes an LED unit 632. The short circuit board 253 is electrically connected to the lamp panel 2, and the electrical connection (e.g. via a pad) may include a first terminal (L) for connecting the at least one pin at two ends of the lamp, a second (+ or LED +) and a third terminal (-or LED-) for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the LED unit 632, respectively, and a fourth terminal (GND or ground) for connecting a reference potential.
More specifically, in the design of the double-end-powered straight-tube lamp, a part of the power circuit (e.g. about 21W) may be disposed in each of the lamp caps at both ends, so that a conducting wire L (i.e. an input signal line) extending along the lamp panel is required, and the conducting wire L is close to the conducting wire LED +, so that a parasitic capacitance is generated between the conducting wire L and the conducting wire LED +. High frequency interference through the wire LED + is reflected to the wire L through the parasitic capacitance, thereby generating a detectable EMI effect.
Therefore, in this embodiment, by the configuration of serially connecting the inductor 526 between the fourth terminals of the short circuit boards 253 at the two ends of the lamp tube, the inductor 526 can block the signal loop of the high frequency interference by the high impedance characteristic at high frequency, so as to eliminate the high frequency interference on the conducting wire LED +, thereby preventing the parasitic capacitance from reflecting the EMI effect on the conducting wire L. In other words, the inductor 526 functions to eliminate or reduce the EMI caused by the aforementioned conducting wire L (extending along the lamp panel 2 between the first ends at the two ends) or the influence of the EMI, so as to improve the quality of the power signal transmission (including the conducting wire L, the conducting wire LED +, and the conducting wire LED-) in the lamp tube and the quality of the LED lamp. The LED straight lamp with the inductor 526 effectively reduces the EMI effect of the lead wires L, and further, the LED lamp may also include a mounting detection module (described below and shown in fig. 15A and 15B) for detecting the mounting state of the LED straight lamp and a lamp socket.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in another embodiment, the lamp panel 2 and the power supply 5 fixed by welding may be replaced by a circuit board assembly 25 mounted with a power supply module 250. The circuit board assembly 25 has a long circuit board 251 and a short circuit board 253, the long circuit board 251 and the short circuit board 253 are adhered to each other and fixed by adhesion, and the short circuit board 253 is located near the periphery of the long circuit board 251. The short circuit board 253 has a power module 25 integrally formed thereon to constitute a power source. The short circuit board 253 is made of a hard material and the longer circuit board 251 is made of a hard material so as to support the power module 250.
The long circuit board 251 may be the flexible circuit board or the flexible substrate as the lamp panel 2, and has the circuit layer 2a shown in fig. 2. The way that the circuit layer 2a of the lamp panel 2 is electrically connected with the power module 250 can have different electrically connecting ways according to actual use conditions. As shown in fig. 5, the power module 250 and the circuit layer 2a of the long circuit board 251, which is electrically connected to the power module 250, are both located on the same side of the short circuit board 253, and the power module 250 is directly electrically connected to the long circuit board 251. As shown in fig. 6, the power module 250 and the circuit layer 2a on the long circuit board 251, which is electrically connected to the power module 250, are respectively located at two sides of the short circuit board 253, and the power module 250 penetrates through the short circuit board 253 and is electrically connected to the circuit layer 2a of the lamp panel 2.
Referring to fig. 4A to 4D, fig. 4A to 4D are schematic diagrams illustrating a connection structure and a connection manner between the lamp panel 200 and the power circuit board 420 of the power supply 400. In this embodiment, the lamp panel 200 has the same structure as that shown in fig. 3A, the free portion is a portion of the lamp panel 200 at two opposite ends for connecting the power circuit board 420, and the fixed portion is a portion of the lamp panel 200 attached to the inner circumferential surface of the lamp tube. The lamp panel 200 is a flexible circuit board, and the lamp panel 200 includes a circuit layer 200a and a circuit protection layer 200c stacked together. The surface of the circuit layer 200a away from the circuit protection layer 200c is defined as a first surface 2001, and the surface of the circuit protection layer 200c away from the circuit layer 200a is defined as a second surface 2002, that is, the first surface 2001 and the second surface 2002 are two opposite surfaces of the lamp panel 200. The plurality of LED light sources 202 are disposed on the first surface 2001 and electrically connected to the circuit of the circuit layer 200 a. The circuit protection layer 200c is a Polyimide (PI) layer, which is not easy to conduct heat, but has an effect of protecting the circuit. First face 2001 of lamp plate 200 has pad b, is used for placing soldering tin g on the pad b, and the welding end of lamp plate 200 has breach f. The power circuit board 420 includes a power circuit layer 420a, and the power circuit board 420 defines a first surface 421 and a second surface 422 opposite to each other, and the second surface 422 is located on a side of the power circuit board 420 having the power circuit layer 420 a. The first surface 421 and the second surface 422 of the power circuit board 420 are respectively formed with pads a corresponding to each other, and solder g may be formed on the pads a. As a further optimization in terms of soldering stability and automation processing, in the present embodiment, the lamp panel 200 is placed under the power circuit board 420 (refer to the direction of fig. 4B), that is, the first surface 2001 of the lamp panel 200 is connected to the second surface 422 of the power circuit board 420.
As shown in fig. 4C and 4D, when the lamp panel 200 is welded to the power circuit board 420, the circuit protection layer 200C of the lamp panel 200 is first placed on the supporting platform 42 (the second surface 2002 of the lamp panel 200 contacts the supporting platform 42), the pad a of the second surface 422 of the power circuit board 420 is directly and sufficiently contacted with the pad b of the first surface 2001 of the lamp panel 200, and then the welding pressure head 41 is pressed on the welding position between the lamp panel 200 and the power circuit board 420. At this time, the heat of the welding pressure head 41 can be directly transferred to the pad b of the first surface 2001 of the lamp panel 200 through the pad a of the first surface 421 of the power circuit board 420, and the heat of the welding pressure head 41 cannot be affected by the circuit protection layer 200c with relatively poor thermal conductivity, so that the efficiency and stability of the welding process of the connection position of the pad a and the pad b of the lamp panel 200 and the power circuit board 420 are further improved. Meanwhile, the pad b of the first side 2001 of the lamp panel 200 is in contact welding with the pad a of the second side 422 of the power circuit board 420, and the pad a of the first side 521 of the power circuit board 520 is connected with the welding ram 41. As shown in fig. 4C, the power circuit board 420 and the lamp panel 200 are completely welded together by the solder g, and the virtual lines M and N in fig. 4C are the main connection portions of the power circuit board 420, the lamp panel 200 and the solder g, and sequentially include, from top to bottom, a pad a on the first surface 421 of the power circuit board 420, a power circuit layer 420a, a pad a on the second surface 422 of the power circuit board 420, a circuit layer 200a of the lamp panel 200, and a circuit protection layer 200C of the lamp panel 200. The power supply circuit board 420 and the lamp panel 200 combined structure formed in this order are more stable and firm.
In different embodiments, another circuit protection layer (PI layer) may be further disposed on the first surface 2001 of the circuit layer 200a, that is, the circuit layer 200a is sandwiched between the two circuit protection layers, so that the first surface 2001 of the circuit layer 200a may also be protected by the circuit protection layers, and only a portion of the circuit layer 200a (the portion having the pad b) is exposed for connecting with the pad a of the power circuit board 420. At this time, a portion of the bottom of the light source 202 contacts the circuit protection layer on the first surface 2001 of the circuit layer 200a, and another portion contacts the circuit layer 200 a.
In addition, with the design scheme of fig. 4A to 4D, after the solder is placed in the circular hole h on the pad a of the power circuit board 420, in the automatic welding process, when the welding ram 41 is automatically pressed down to the power circuit board 420, the solder is pushed into the circular hole h due to the pressure, thereby well meeting the requirement of automatic processing.
Please refer to fig. 8A, which is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight lamp according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The ac power source 508 provides an ac power signal. The AC power source 508 may be a commercial power source with a voltage range of 100 and 277V and a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. The lamp driving circuit 505 receives an ac power signal from the ac power source 508 and converts the ac power signal into an ac driving signal as an external driving signal. The lamp driving circuit 505 may be an electronic ballast, and is configured to convert a signal of the commercial power into a high-frequency and high-voltage ac driving signal. The types of common electronic ballasts include, for example: instant Start type (Instant Start) electronic ballast, preheating Start type (Program Start) electronic ballast, quick Start type (Rapid Start) electronic ballast etc. the utility model discloses a straight tube LED lamp all is suitable for. The voltage of the alternating current driving signal is larger than 300V, and the preferred voltage range is 400-700V; the frequency is greater than 10kHz, and the preferred frequency range is 20k-50 kHz. The LED straight tube lamp 500 receives an external driving signal, which is an ac driving signal of the lamp driving circuit 505 in this embodiment, and is driven to emit light. In the present embodiment, the LED straight lamp 500 is a driving structure of a single-ended power supply, and the lamp head at the same end of the lamp has a first pin 501 and a second pin 502 for receiving an external driving signal. The first pin 501 and the second pin 502 of the present embodiment are coupled (i.e., electrically connected, or directly or indirectly connected) to the lamp driving circuit 505 to receive an ac driving signal.
It is noted that the lamp driving circuit 505 is an omitted circuit and is indicated by a dashed line in the drawings. When the lamp driving circuit 505 is omitted, the ac power source 508 is coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502. At this time, the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 receive the ac power signal provided by the ac power source 508 as the external driving signal.
In addition to the application of the single-ended power supply, the LED straight lamp 500 of the present invention can also be applied to a circuit structure with two ends and two pins. Fig. 8B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared with fig. 8A, the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 of the present embodiment are respectively disposed on the two-end lamp caps of the LED straight lamp 500 opposite to the lamp tube to form two single pins, and the rest of the circuit connections and functions are the same as those of the circuit shown in fig. 8A. Fig. 8C is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to fig. 8A and 8B, the present embodiment further includes a third pin 503 and a fourth pin 504. One end of the lamp has a first pin 501 and a second pin 502, and the other end has a third pin 503 and a fourth pin 504. The first pin 501, the second pin 502, the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 are coupled to the tube driving circuit 505 to commonly receive an ac driving signal, so as to drive an LED assembly (not shown) in the LED straight tube lamp 500 to emit light.
Under the circuit structure of double ends and double pins, the power supply of the lamp tube can be realized by adjusting the configuration of the power supply module no matter the power supply mode is a single-ended power supply mode, a double-ended single-pin power supply mode or a double-ended double-pin power supply mode. In an exemplary embodiment, in a double-ended single-pin power-in mode (i.e., the two end sockets respectively provide external driving signals with different polarities), one pin of each of the double-ended sockets may be idle/floating, for example, the second pin 502 and the third pin 503 may be idle/floating, so that the lamp receives the external driving signal through the first pin 501 and the fourth pin 504, thereby enabling the power module inside the lamp to perform subsequent rectifying and filtering operations; in another exemplary embodiment, the pins of the dual-ended lamp holder may be shorted together, for example, the first pin 501 is shorted together with the second pin 502 of the lamp holder on the same side, and the third pin 503 is shorted together with the fourth pin 504 of the lamp holder on the same side, so that the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 can be used to receive the external driving signal with positive polarity or negative polarity, and the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 can be used to receive the external driving signal with opposite polarity, so as to enable the power module inside the lamp to perform the subsequent rectifying and filtering operations. In a dual-ended dual-pin power-in mode (i.e., the two pins of the lamp head on the same side respectively provide external driving signals with different polarities), in an exemplary embodiment, the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 may receive external driving signals with opposite polarities, and the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 may receive external driving signals with opposite polarities, so as to enable the power module inside the lamp to perform subsequent rectifying and filtering operations.
Next, please refer to fig. 8D, which is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the LED lamp mainly includes a first rectifying circuit 510 and a filter circuit 520, and may also include some components of the LED lighting module 530. The first rectifying circuit 510 is coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 to receive the external driving signal, rectify the external driving signal, and output the rectified signal through the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the second rectifying output terminal 512. The external driving signal here may be an ac driving signal or an ac power signal in fig. 8A and 8B, or may even be a dc signal without affecting the operation of the LED lamp. The filter circuit 520 is coupled to the first rectifying circuit and is configured to filter the rectified signal; the filter circuit 520 is coupled to the first and second rectification output terminals 511 and 512 to receive the rectified signal, filter the rectified signal, and output the filtered signal through the first and second filtered output terminals 521 and 522. The LED illumination module 530 is coupled to the filter circuit 520 to receive the filtered signal and emit light; that is, the LED lighting module 530 is coupled to the first filtered output end 521 and the second filtered output end 522 to receive the filtered signal, and then drive the LED assembly (not shown) in the LED lighting module 530 to emit light. The details of this section will be described later in the examples.
Please refer to fig. 8E, which is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the LED lamp mainly includes a first rectifying circuit 510, a filter circuit 520, an LED lighting module 530 and a second rectifying circuit 540, and can be applied to the single-ended power architecture of fig. 8A or the double-ended power architecture of fig. 8B and 8C. The first rectifying circuit 510 is coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, and is configured to receive and rectify the external driving signal transmitted by the first pin 501 and the second pin 502; the second rectifying circuit 540 is coupled to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 for receiving and rectifying the external driving signal transmitted by the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504. That is, the power module of the LED lamp may include a first rectifying circuit 510 and a second rectifying circuit 540, which output rectified signals at the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the second rectifying output terminal 512. The filter circuit 520 is coupled to the first and second rectification output terminals 511 and 512 to receive the rectified signal, filter the rectified signal, and output the filtered signal through the first and second filtered output terminals 521 and 522. The LED lighting module 530 is coupled to the first filtered output 521 and the second filtered output 522 to receive the filtered signal and then drive an LED assembly (not shown) in the LED lighting module 530 to emit light.
Please refer to fig. 8F, which is a schematic circuit block diagram of an LED lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the LED lamp mainly includes a rectifying circuit 510', a filter circuit 520, and an LED lighting module 530, which can also be applied to the single-ended power architecture of fig. 8A or the double-ended power architecture of fig. 8B and 8C. The difference between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiment of fig. 8E is that the rectifying circuit 510' may have three input terminals to be respectively coupled to the first pin 501, the second pin 502 and the third pin 503, and may rectify signals received from the respective pins 501 to 503, wherein the fourth pin 504 may be floating or short-circuited with the third pin 503, so that the second rectifying circuit 540 may be omitted in this embodiment. The operation of the rest of the circuits is substantially the same as that of fig. 8E, and therefore, the description thereof is not repeated.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the number of the first rectification output terminal 511, the second rectification output terminal 512, the first filtered output terminal 521, and the second filtered output terminal 522 are two, and in practical applications, the number of the first rectification output terminal, the second rectification output terminal, the first filtered output terminal 512, and the second filtered output terminal is increased or decreased according to the signal transmission requirement among the circuits of the first rectification circuit 510, the filtering circuit 520, and the LED lighting module 530, that is, the number of the coupling terminals among the circuits may be one or more.
The power modules of the LED lamps shown in fig. 8D to 8F and the following power modules of the LED lamps are not only applicable to the straight LED lamps shown in fig. 8A to 8C, but also applicable to a light emitting circuit structure including two pins for transmitting power, for example: the bulb lamp, the PAL lamp, the cannula energy-saving lamp (PLS lamp, PLD lamp, PLT lamp, PLL lamp, etc.) and other different lighting lamps are suitable for the specification of the lamp holder. The embodiment of the bulb lamp can be used together with the structural implementation mode of CN105465630A or CN105465663, so that the electric shock prevention effect is better.
When the LED straight lamp 500 of the present invention is applied to the double-ended at least single-pin power-on structure, it can be modified and then installed in the lamp socket containing the lamp driving circuit or ballast 505 (e.g., electronic ballast or inductive ballast), and is suitable for bypassing the ballast 505 and instead powered by the ac power supply 508 (e.g., commercial power). Please refer to fig. 8G, which is a schematic circuit block diagram illustrating connection between a LED straight lamp and an external power source according to a preferred embodiment. In this embodiment, a bypass ballast module 506 is added between the ac power source 508 and the ballast 505, as compared to the circuit module shown in fig. 8A, and the remaining circuit modules function similarly or identically to the circuit module shown in fig. 8B. The bypass ballast module 506 receives power from the ac power source 508 and is connected to the two-terminal first pin 501 and second pin 502 of the LED straight tube lamp 500 (and may be connected to the ballast 505 for specific control of the ballast 505) as shown in fig. 8D, and functions to bypass the ballast 505 received from the ac power source 508 and output the power to the first pin 501 and second pin 502 to power the LED straight tube lamp 500. in various embodiments, the bypass ballast module 506 may comprise a switching circuit for bypassing the ballast 505, and the switching circuit may comprise components or devices such as electrical or electronic switches, those skilled in the art of fluorescent lamps can understand or design the possible structures and circuits that constitute the bypass ballast module 506. furthermore, the bypass ballast module 506 may be provided in a lamp socket of a conventional fluorescent lamp having the ballast 505, the bypass ballast module 506 is configured to stop the bypass function, and the ballast 505 is still coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 as shown in fig. 8D, so that the LED straight lamp 500 can be powered by the ballast 505 (receiving the ac power 508), and thus the LED straight lamp 500 can be adapted (by adding the bypass ballast module 506) to be compatible with the ac power 508 for double-end power supply (rather than the ballast 505) even if the LED straight lamp 500 is installed in a lamp socket with the ballast 505.
Fig. 9A is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The rectifying circuit 610 is a bridge rectifying circuit, and includes a first rectifying diode 611, a second rectifying diode 612, a third rectifying diode 613, and a fourth rectifying diode 614, for performing full-wave rectification on the received signal. The anode of the first rectifying diode 611 is coupled to the second rectifying output 512, and the cathode thereof is coupled to the second pin 502. The anode of the second rectifying diode 612 is coupled to the second rectifying output 512, and the cathode is coupled to the first pin 501. The third rectifying diode 613 has an anode coupled to the second pin 502 and a cathode coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511. The rectifying diode 614 has an anode coupled to the first pin 501 and a cathode coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511.
When the signals received by the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are ac signals, the operation of the rectifying circuit 610 is described as follows. When the ac signal is in the positive half-wave, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the first pin 501, the rectifying diode 614 and the first rectifying output 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the first rectifying diode 611 and the second pin 502. When the ac signal is in the negative half-wave, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the second pin 502, the third rectifying diode 613 and the first rectifying output terminal 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the second rectifying diode 612 and the pin 501. Therefore, whether the ac signal is in the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave, the positive pole of the rectified signal of the rectifying circuit 610 is located at the first rectifying output terminal 511, and the negative pole thereof is located at the second rectifying output terminal 512. According to the above operation, the rectified signal output from the rectifying circuit 610 is a full-wave rectified signal.
When the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are coupled to a dc power source to receive a dc signal, the operation of the rectifying circuit 610 is described as follows. When the first pin 501 is coupled to the positive terminal of the dc power source and the second pin 502 is coupled to the negative terminal of the dc power source, the dc signal flows in through the first pin 501, the rectifying diode 614 and the first rectifying output 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the first rectifying diode 611 and the second pin 502 in sequence. When the first pin 501 is coupled to the negative terminal of the dc power source and the second pin 502 is coupled to the positive terminal of the dc power source, the ac signal flows in through the second pin 502, the third rectifying diode 613 and the first rectifying output 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the second rectifying diode 612 and the first pin 501 in sequence. Similarly, no matter how the dc signal is input through the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, the positive pole of the rectified signal of the rectifying circuit 610 is located at the first rectifying output terminal 511, and the negative pole thereof is located at the second rectifying output terminal 512.
Therefore, the rectifying circuit 610 of the present embodiment can accurately output the rectified signal regardless of whether the received signal is an ac signal or a dc signal.
Fig. 9B is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The rectifying circuit 710 includes a first rectifying diode 711 and a second rectifying diode 712 for performing half-wave rectification on the received signal. The anode of the first rectifying diode 711 is coupled to the second pin 502, and the cathode is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511. The anode of the second rectifying diode 712 is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511, and the cathode is coupled to the first pin 501. The second rectified output 512 may be omitted or grounded depending on the application.
The operation of the rectifier circuit 710 is explained next.
When the ac signal is in the positive half wave, the signal level of the ac signal input at the first pin 501 is higher than the signal level of the ac signal input at the second pin 502. At this time, the first rectifying diode 711 and the second rectifying diode 712 are both in a reverse biased off state, and the rectifying circuit 710 stops outputting the rectified signal. When the ac signal is at the negative half wave, the signal level of the ac signal input at the first pin 501 is lower than the signal level input at the second pin 502. At this time, the first rectifying diode 711 and the second rectifying diode 712 are both in forward biased conduction state, and the ac signal flows in through the first rectifying diode 711 and the first rectifying output terminal 511, and flows out from the second rectifying output terminal 512 or another circuit or a ground terminal of the LED lamp. According to the above operation, the rectified signal output from the rectifying circuit 710 is a half-wave rectified signal.
In the rectifier circuit shown in fig. 9A and 9B, the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are changed to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504, so as to be used as the second rectifier circuit 540 shown in fig. 8E. More specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, when the full-wave/full-bridge rectifier circuit 610 shown in fig. 9A is applied to the lamp with double-ended input in fig. 8E, the first rectifier circuit 510 and the second rectifier circuit 540 can be configured as shown in fig. 9C. Referring to fig. 9C, fig. 9C is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The structure of the rectifying circuit 640 is the same as that of the rectifying circuit 610, and both are bridge rectifying circuits. The rectifying circuit 610 includes first through fourth rectifying diodes 611 and 614, which are configured as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 9A. The rectifying circuit 640 includes a fifth rectifying diode 641, a sixth rectifying diode 642, a seventh rectifying diode 643 and an eighth rectifying diode 644, and is used for full-wave rectifying the received signal. The anode of the fifth rectifying diode 641 is coupled to the second rectifying output terminal 512, and the cathode of the fifth rectifying diode is coupled to the fourth pin 504. The anode of the sixth rectifying diode 642 is coupled to the second rectifying output 512, and the cathode thereof is coupled to the third pin 503. The third rectifying diode 613 has an anode coupled to the second pin 502 and a cathode coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511. The anode of the rectifying diode 614 is coupled to the third pin 503, and the cathode is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511.
In the present embodiment, the rectifying circuits 640 and 610 are correspondingly configured, and the difference is that the input terminal of the rectifying circuit 610 (which can be compared to the first rectifying circuit 510 in fig. 8E) is coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, and the input terminal of the rectifying circuit 640 (which can be compared to the second rectifying circuit 540 in fig. 8E) is coupled to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504. In other words, the present embodiment adopts the structure of two full-wave rectification circuits to realize the circuit structure with two terminals and two pins.
Furthermore, although the rectifier circuit in the embodiment of fig. 9C is implemented by a dual-terminal dual-pin configuration, the power supply method of the LED straight lamp can be implemented by a single-terminal power supply or a dual-terminal single-pin power supply, except for the dual-terminal dual-pin power supply method. The specific operation is described as follows:
in the case of single-ended power-in, the external driving signal may be applied to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, or applied to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504. When the external driving signal is applied to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, the rectifying circuit 610 performs full-wave rectification on the external driving signal according to the operation manner described in the embodiment of fig. 9A, and the rectifying circuit 640 does not operate. On the contrary, when the external driving signal is applied to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504, the rectifying circuit 640 performs full-wave rectification on the external driving signal according to the operation manner described in the embodiment of fig. 9A, and the rectifying circuit 610 does not operate.
In the case of a dual-pin power-on, the external driving signal may be applied to the first pin 501 and the fourth pin 504, or applied to the second pin 502 and the third pin 503. When the external driving signal is applied to the first pin 501 and the fourth pin 504, and the external driving signal is an ac signal, during the positive half-wave of the ac signal, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the first pin 501, the fourth rectifying diode 614 and the first rectifying output 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the fifth rectifying diode 641 and the fourth pin 504. During the negative half-wave period of the ac signal, the ac signal flows in through the fourth pin 504, the seventh rectifying diode 643 and the first rectifying output 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the second rectifying diode 612 and the first pin 501 in sequence. Therefore, no matter whether the ac signal is in the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave, the positive pole of the rectified signal is located at the first rectified output terminal 511, and the negative pole of the rectified signal is located at the second rectified output terminal 512. According to the above operation, the second rectifying diode 612 and the fourth rectifying diode 614 in the rectifying circuit 610, in combination with the fifth rectifying diode 641 and the seventh rectifying diode 643 in the rectifying circuit 640, perform full-wave rectification on the ac signal, and output the rectified signal as a full-wave rectified signal.
On the other hand, when the external driving signal is applied to the second pin 502 and the third pin 503, and the external driving signal is an ac signal, during the positive half-wave period of the ac signal, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the third pin 503, the eighth rectifying diode 644, and the first rectifying output 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output 512, the first rectifying diode 611, and the second pin 502. During the negative half-wave period, the ac signal flows in through the second pin 502, the third rectifying diode 613 and the first rectifying output terminal 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the sixth rectifying diode 642 and the third pin 503 in sequence. Therefore, no matter whether the ac signal is in the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave, the positive pole of the rectified signal is located at the first rectified output terminal 511, and the negative pole of the rectified signal is located at the second rectified output terminal 512. According to the above operation, the first rectifying diode 611 and the third rectifying diode 613 in the rectifying circuit 610, together with the sixth rectifying diode 642 and the eighth rectifying diode 644 in the rectifying circuit 640, perform full-wave rectification on the ac signal, and output the rectified signal as a full-wave rectified signal.
In the case of dual-pin power-on, the respective operations of the rectifying circuits 610 and 640 can refer to the description of the embodiment of fig. 9A, and are not described herein again. The rectified signals generated by the rectifying circuits 610 and 640 are superimposed at the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the second rectifying output terminal 512, and then output to the rear-end circuit.
In an example embodiment, the configuration of the rectifying circuit 510' may be as shown in fig. 9D. Referring to fig. 9D, fig. 9D is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The rectifying circuit 910 includes first to fourth rectifying diodes 911-914, which are configured as described in the embodiment of FIG. 9A. In the present embodiment, the rectifying circuit 910 further includes a fifth rectifying diode 915 and a sixth rectifying diode 916. The anode of the fifth rectifying diode 915 is coupled to the second rectifying output 512, and the cathode is coupled to the third pin 503. The anode of the sixth rectifying diode 916 is coupled to the third pin 503, and the cathode is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511. The fourth leg 504 is floating here.
More specifically, the rectifier circuit 510' of the present embodiment can be regarded as a rectifier circuit having three sets of bridge arm (bridge arm) units, and each set of bridge arm units can provide an input signal receiving end. For example, the first rectifying diode 911 and the third rectifying diode 913 form a first bridge arm unit, which correspondingly receives the signal on the second pin 502; the second rectifying diode 912 and the fourth rectifying diode 914 form a second bridge arm unit, which correspondingly receives the signal on the first pin 501; and the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 form a third bridge unit, which correspondingly receives the signal on the third pin 503. And the three groups of bridge arm units can perform full-wave rectification as long as two of the three groups of bridge arm units receive alternating current signals with opposite polarities. Therefore, with the configuration of the rectifier circuit in the embodiment of fig. 9E, the power supply modes of single-ended power feeding, double-ended single-pin power feeding, and double-ended double-pin power feeding can be compatible. The specific operation is described as follows:
in the case of single-ended power-in, the external driving signal is applied to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, and the operation of the first to fourth rectifying diodes 911-914 is as described in the embodiment of fig. 9A, while the operation of the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 are not performed.
In the case of a dual-ended single-pin power-on condition, the external driving signal may be applied to the first pin 501 and the third pin 503, or applied to the second pin 502 and the third pin 503. When the external driving signal is applied to the first pin 501 and the third pin 503, and the external driving signal is an ac signal, during the positive half-wave period of the ac signal, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the first pin 501, the fourth rectifying diode 914 and the first rectifying output terminal 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the third pin 503. During the negative half-wave period, the ac signal flows in through the third pin 503, the sixth rectifying diode 916 and the first rectifying output terminal 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the second rectifying diode 912 and the first pin 501 in sequence. Therefore, no matter whether the ac signal is in the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave, the positive pole of the rectified signal is located at the first rectified output terminal 511, and the negative pole of the rectified signal is located at the second rectified output terminal 512. According to the above operation, the second rectifying diode 912, the fourth rectifying diode 914, the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 in the rectifying circuit 910 perform full-wave rectification on the ac signal, and output the rectified signal as a full-wave rectified signal.
On the other hand, when the external driving signal is applied to the second pin 502 and the third pin 503, and the external driving signal is an ac signal, during the positive half-wave period of the ac signal, the ac signal sequentially flows in through the third pin 503, the sixth rectifying diode 916 and the first rectifying output terminal 511, and sequentially flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the first rectifying diode 911 and the second pin 502. During the negative half-wave period, the ac signal flows in through the second pin 502, the third rectifying diode 913, and the first rectifying output terminal 511 in sequence, and flows out through the second rectifying output terminal 512, the fifth rectifying diode 915, and the third pin 503 in sequence. Therefore, no matter whether the ac signal is in the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave, the positive pole of the rectified signal is located at the first rectified output terminal 511, and the negative pole of the rectified signal is located at the second rectified output terminal 512. According to the above operation, the first rectifying diode 911, the third rectifying diode 913, the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 in the rectifying circuit 910 perform full-wave rectification on the ac signal, and the output rectified signal is a full-wave rectified signal.
In the case of dual-pin power-on, the operations of the first to fourth rectifying diodes 911 to 914 can refer to the description of the embodiment of fig. 9A, and are not described herein again. In addition, if the signal polarity of the third leg 503 is the same as that of the first leg 501, the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 operate similarly to the second rectifying diode 912 and the fourth rectifying diode 914 (i.e., the first bridge arm unit). On the other hand, if the signal polarity of the third leg 503 is the same as that of the second leg 502, the fifth rectifying diode 915 and the sixth rectifying diode 916 operate similarly to the first rectifying diode 911 and the third rectifying diode 913 (i.e., the second bridge arm unit).
Referring to fig. 9E, fig. 9E is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9E is substantially the same as fig. 9D, except that the input terminal of the first rectifying circuit 610 in fig. 9E is further coupled to the terminal converting circuit 941. The terminal conversion circuit 941 of the present embodiment includes fuses 947 and 948. The fuse 947 has one end coupled to the first pin 501 and the other end coupled to a common node (i.e., an input end of the first bridge arm unit) of the second rectifying diode 912 and the fourth rectifying diode 914. The fuse 948 has one end coupled to the second pin 502 and the other end coupled to a common node (i.e., an input end of the second bridge arm unit) of the first rectifying diode 911 and the third rectifying diode 913. Therefore, when the current flowing through any of the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 is higher than the rated current of the fuses 947 and 948, the fuses 947 and 948 are correspondingly blown to open the circuit, thereby achieving the function of overcurrent protection. In addition, when only one of the fuses 947 and 948 is blown (for example, when the overcurrent condition occurs for a short time, the fuse 947 and 948 is eliminated), if the lamp is driven by the dual-pin power supply method, the rectifier circuit of the present embodiment can continue to operate based on the dual-pin power supply mode after the overcurrent condition is eliminated.
Referring to fig. 9F, fig. 9F is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9F is substantially the same as fig. 9D, except that the two legs 503 and 504 of fig. 9F are connected together by a thin wire 917. Compared to the aforementioned embodiment shown in fig. 9D or 9E, when a dual-terminal single-pin power supply is adopted, the rectifier circuit of this embodiment can operate normally regardless of whether the external driving signal is applied to the third pin 503 or the fourth pin 504. In addition, when the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 are erroneously connected to a single-ended socket, the thin wire 917 of the present embodiment can be reliably fused, so that when the lamp is inserted back to the correct socket, the straight lamp using the rectifying circuit can still maintain the normal rectifying operation.
As can be seen from the above, the rectifier circuit in the embodiments of fig. 9C to 9F can be compatible with the situations of single-ended power feeding, double-ended single-pin power feeding, and double-ended double-pin power feeding, so as to improve the application environment compatibility of the whole LED straight lamp. In addition, considering the actual circuit layout, the circuit configuration in the lamp of the embodiment of fig. 9D to 9F only needs to provide three pads to connect to the corresponding lamp cap pins, which significantly contributes to the improvement of the overall process yield.
Fig. 10A is a schematic circuit block diagram of a filter circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The first rectifying circuit 510 is shown only for illustrating the connection relationship, and the filtering circuit 520 does not include the first rectifying circuit 510. The filter circuit 520 includes a filter unit 523 coupled to the first rectification output terminal 511 and the second rectification output terminal 512 to receive the rectified signal output by the rectification circuit, filter the ripple in the rectified signal, and output the filtered signal. Therefore, the waveform of the filtered signal is smoother than the waveform of the rectified signal. The filter circuit 520 may further include a filter unit 524 coupled between the rectifier circuit and the corresponding pin, for example: the first rectifying circuit 510 and the first pin 501, the first rectifying circuit 510 and the second pin 502, the second rectifying circuit 540 and the third pin 503, and the second rectifying circuit 540 and the fourth pin 504 are used for filtering the specific frequency to filter the specific frequency of the external driving signal. In the present embodiment, the filtering unit 524 is coupled between the first pin 501 and the first rectifying circuit 510. The filter circuit 520 may further include a filter unit 525 coupled between one of the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 and a diode of one of the first rectifier circuit 510 or one of the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 and a diode of one of the second rectifier circuit 540 for reducing or filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI). In the present embodiment, the filtering unit 525 is coupled between the first pin 501 and a diode (not shown) of one of the first rectifying circuits 510. Since the filtering units 524 and 525 may be added or omitted according to the actual application, they are shown by dashed lines in the figure.
Please refer to fig. 10B, which is a schematic circuit diagram of a filtering unit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The filter unit 623 includes a capacitor 625. One end of the capacitor 625 is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the first filtering output terminal 521, and the other end is coupled to the second rectifying output terminal 512 and the second filtering output terminal 522, so as to perform low-pass filtering on the rectified signals output by the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the second rectifying output terminal 512, so as to filter high-frequency components in the rectified signals to form filtered signals, and then the filtered signals are output by the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522.
Fig. 10C is a schematic circuit diagram of a filtering unit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The filtering unit 723 is a pi-type filtering circuit, and includes a capacitor 725, an inductor 726, and a capacitor 727. The capacitor 725 has one end coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511 and also coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 via the inductor 726, and the other end coupled to the second rectifying output terminal 512 and the second filtering output terminal 522. The inductor 726 is coupled between the first rectification output terminal 511 and the first filtering output terminal 521. One end of the capacitor 727 is coupled to the first rectifying output terminal 511 via the inductor 726 and also coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521, and the other end is coupled to the second rectifying output terminal 512 and the second filtering output terminal 522.
In an equivalent view, the filtering unit 723 has an inductor 726 and a capacitor 727 more than the filtering unit 623 shown in fig. 10B. The inductor 726 and the capacitor 727 also have a low-pass filtering function like the capacitor 725. Therefore, the filtering unit 723 of the present embodiment has better high frequency filtering capability and outputs a smoother waveform of the filtered signal than the filtering unit 623 shown in fig. 10B.
The inductance 726 in the above embodiment is preferably selected from the range of 10nH to 10 mH. The capacitance values of capacitors 625, 725, 727 are preferably selected from the range of 100pF to 1 uF.
Fig. 11A is a schematic circuit diagram of an LED module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The positive terminal of the LED module 630 is coupled to the first filtered output 521, and the negative terminal is coupled to the second filtered output 522. The LED module 630 comprises at least one LED unit 632, i.e. a light source in the previous embodiments. The LED units 632 are connected in parallel to each other when two or more LED units are provided. The positive terminal of each LED unit is coupled to the positive terminal of the LED module 630 to couple to the first filter output 521; the negative terminal of each LED unit is coupled to the negative terminal of the LED module 630 to couple to the second filtered output 522. The LED unit 632 contains at least one LED assembly 631. When the LED assemblies 631 are plural, the LED assemblies 631 are connected in series, the positive terminal of the first LED assembly 631 is coupled to the positive terminal of the LED unit 632, and the negative terminal of the first LED assembly 631 is coupled to the next (second) LED assembly 631. The positive terminal of the last LED assembly 631 is coupled to the negative terminal of the previous LED assembly 631, and the negative terminal of the last LED assembly 631 is coupled to the negative terminal of the corresponding LED unit 632.
It is noted that the LED module 630 can generate a current detection signal S531 representing the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module 630 for detecting and controlling the LED module 630.
Fig. 11B is a schematic circuit diagram of an LED module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The positive terminal of the LED module 630 is coupled to the first filtered output 521, and the negative terminal is coupled to the second filtered output 522. The LED module 630 comprises at least two LED units 732, and the positive terminal of each LED unit 732 is coupled to the positive terminal of the LED module 630, and the negative terminal is coupled to the negative terminal of the LED module 630. The LED unit 732 comprises at least two LED assemblies 731, the LED assemblies 731 in the corresponding LED unit 732 are connected in the same manner as described in fig. 11A, wherein the cathode of the LED assembly 731 is coupled to the anode of the next LED assembly 731, the anode of the first LED assembly 731 is coupled to the anode of the corresponding LED unit 732, and the cathode of the last LED assembly 731 is coupled to the cathode of the corresponding LED unit 732. Further, the LED units 732 in this embodiment are also connected to each other. The n-th LED assembly 731 of each LED unit 732 has anodes connected to each other and cathodes connected to each other. Therefore, the connection between the LED components of the LED module 630 of the present embodiment is a mesh connection. Compared to the embodiments of fig. 12A to 12F, the LED lighting module 530 of the above embodiments includes the LED module 630 but does not include the driving circuit.
Similarly, the LED module 630 of the present embodiment can generate a current detection signal S531 representing the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module 630 for detecting and controlling the LED module 630.
In addition, in practical applications, the number of the LED assemblies 731 included in the LED unit 732 is preferably 15-25, and more preferably 18-22.
Please refer to fig. 11C, which is a schematic diagram of a wiring of an LED module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The connection relationship of the LED assembly 831 of the present embodiment is as shown in fig. 11B, and three LED units are taken as an example for explanation. The positive conductive line 834 and the negative conductive line 835 receive driving signals to provide power to the LED elements 831, for example: the positive conductive line 834 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 of the filtering circuit 520, and the negative conductive line 835 is coupled to the second filtering output terminal 522 of the filtering circuit 520 for receiving the filtered signal. For convenience of illustration, the nth LED unit in each LED unit is divided into the same LED group 833.
An anode lead 834 connects the (left) anodes of the three LED assemblies 831 in the leftmost LED bank 833 as shown, and a cathode lead 835 connects the (right) cathodes of the three LED assemblies 831 in the rightmost LED bank 833 as shown. The cathode of the first LED element 831, the anode of the last LED element 831, and the anodes and cathodes of the other LED elements 831 of each LED unit are connected through a connecting wire 839.
In other words, the anodes of the three LED assemblies 831 of the leftmost LED set 833 are connected to each other through the positive conductive line 834, and the cathodes thereof are connected to each other through the leftmost conductive line 839. The anodes of the three LED assemblies 831 of the second left LED group 833 are connected to each other through the leftmost connecting wire 839, and the cathodes thereof are connected to each other through the second left connecting wire 839. Since the cathodes of the three LED assemblies 831 of the leftmost LED set 833 and the anodes of the three LED assemblies 831 of the second leftmost LED set 833 are connected to each other through the leftmost connecting wire 839, the cathode of the first LED assembly of each LED unit and the anode of the second LED assembly are connected to each other. And so on to form a mesh connection as shown in fig. 11B.
It is noted that the width 836 of the connection wire 839 at the positive connection portion with the LED assembly 831 is smaller than the width 837 at the negative connection portion with the LED assembly 831. The area of the negative electrode connecting portion is made larger than that of the positive electrode connecting portion. In addition, the width 837 is smaller than the width 838 of the portion of the connecting wire 839 connecting the anode and the cathode of one of the two adjacent LED assemblies 831 at the same time, so that the area of the portion connecting the anode and the cathode at the same time is larger than the area of the portion connecting the cathode and the anode only. Thus, such a routing architecture facilitates heat dissipation of the LED assembly.
In addition, the positive wire 834 may further include a positive lead 834a, and the negative wire 835 may further include a negative lead 835a, such that both ends of the LED module have positive and negative connection points. Such a wiring architecture may enable other circuits of the power supply module of the LED lamp, such as: the filter circuit 520, the first rectifying circuit 510 and the second rectifying circuit 540 are coupled to the LED module by positive and negative connection points at either end or both ends, which increases the flexibility of the arrangement of the actual circuit.
Please refer to fig. 11D, which is a schematic diagram of a wiring of an LED module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The connection relationship of the LED assembly 931 of the present embodiment is as shown in fig. 11A, and the description is given by taking three LED units each including 7 LED assemblies as an example. The positive and negative leads 934, 935 receive drive signals to provide power to each LED assembly 931, for example: the positive lead 934 is coupled to the first filter output 521 of the filter circuit 520, and the negative lead 935 is coupled to the second filter output 522 of the filter circuit 520 to receive the filtered signal. For convenience of illustration, the seven LED assemblies in each LED unit are divided into the same LED group 932.
A positive lead 934 connects the (left) positive electrodes of the first (left-most) LED assembly 931 in each LED group 932. A negative lead 935 connects the (right) negative of the last (rightmost) LED assembly 931 in each LED group 932. In each LED assembly 932, the cathode of the left LED assembly 931 of the adjacent two LED assemblies 931 is connected to the anode of the right LED assembly 931 through a connecting wire 939. Thus, the LED components of the LED group 932 are connected in series.
It is noted that the connecting wire 939 is used to connect the cathode of one of the two adjacent LED assemblies 931 and the anode of the other one of the two adjacent LED assemblies 931. The negative electrode lead 935 is used to connect the negative electrode of the last (rightmost) LED assembly 931 of each LED group. The positive wire 934 is used to connect the positive electrodes of the first (leftmost) LED assembly 931 of each LED group. Therefore, the width and the heat dissipation area of the LED component are gradually reduced from large to small according to the sequence. That is, the width 938 of the connecting wire 939 is the largest, the width 937 times the width 935 of the negative electrode of the LED assembly 931 is connected to the negative electrode of the LED assembly 931, and the width 936 of the positive electrode wire 934 of the positive electrode of the LED assembly 931 is the smallest. Such a wiring structure thus contributes to heat dissipation of the LED assembly.
In addition, the positive wire 934 may further include a positive lead 934a, and the negative wire 935 may further include a negative lead 935a, such that both ends of the LED module have positive and negative connection points. Such a wiring architecture may enable other circuits of the power supply module of the LED lamp, such as: the filter circuit 520, the first rectifying circuit 510 and the second rectifying circuit 540 are coupled to the LED module by positive and negative connection points at either end or both ends, which increases the flexibility of the arrangement of the actual circuit.
Furthermore, the traces shown in fig. 11C and 11D can be implemented by a flexible circuit board. For example, the flexible circuit board has a single circuit layer, and the positive conductive line 834, the positive lead 834a, the negative conductive line 835, the negative lead 835a and the connecting conductive line 839 in fig. 11C, and the positive conductive line 934, the positive lead 934a, the negative conductive line 935, the negative lead 935a and the connecting conductive line 939 in fig. 11D are formed by etching.
Referring to fig. 11E, fig. 11E is a schematic diagram of a wiring of an LED module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The connection relationship of the LED module 1031 of the present embodiment is as shown in fig. 11B. The difference between the arrangement of the positive and negative leads (not shown) and the connection relationship with other circuits in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that in fig. 11D, in that the LED components 831 arranged in the transverse direction (i.e., the positive and negative electrodes of each LED component 831 are arranged along the extending direction of the leads) in fig. 11C are changed to the LED components 1031 arranged in the longitudinal direction (i.e., the connection direction of the positive and negative electrodes of each LED component 1031 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the leads), and the arrangement of the connection leads 1039 is adjusted correspondingly based on the arrangement direction of the LED components 1031.
More specifically, taking the connecting wire 1039_2 as an example, the connecting wire 1039_2 includes a first long side portion with a narrower width 1037, a second long side portion with a wider width 1038, and a turning portion connecting the two long side portions. The connecting wires 1039_2 may be arranged in a rectangular z-shape, that is, each connection point of the long side portion and the turning portion is rectangular. Wherein, the first long side portion of the connecting wire 1039_2 is disposed corresponding to the second long side portion of the adjacent connecting wire 1039_ 3; similarly, the second long side portion of the connecting wire 1039_2 is disposed corresponding to the first long side portion of the adjacent connecting wire 1039_ 1. As can be seen from the above arrangement, the connecting wires 1039 extend in the extending direction of the side portions, and the first long side portion of each connecting wire 1039 is arranged corresponding to the second long side portion of the adjacent connecting wire 1039; similarly, the second long side portion of each of the connecting wires 1039 is disposed to correspond to the first long side portion of the adjacent connecting wire 1039, so that the connecting wires 1039 are integrally formed in a uniform width configuration. The configuration of the other connection lines 1039 can be referred to the above description of the connection line 1039_ 2.
With regard to the relative arrangement of the LED components 1031 and the connection wires 1039, also explained with the connection wires 1039_2, in the present embodiment, the anodes of some of the LED components 1031 (for example, the right four LED components 1031) are connected to the first long side portion of the connection wires 1039_2, and are connected to each other by the first long side portion; the negative electrodes of the LED assemblies 1031 are connected to the second long side portions of the adjacent connecting wires 1039_3 and are connected to each other through the second long side portions. On the other hand, the positive electrode of another part of the LED components 1031 (e.g., the left four LED components 1031) is a first long side portion connected to the connection wire 1039_1, and the negative electrode is a second long side portion connected to the connection wire 1039_ 2.
In other words, the anodes of the four left LED assemblies 1031 are connected to each other through the connecting wire 1039_1, and the cathodes thereof are connected to each other through the connecting wire 1039_ 2. The anodes of the four right LED elements 831 are connected to each other through a connecting wire 1039_2, and the cathodes thereof are connected to each other through a connecting wire 1039_ 3. Since the negative electrodes of the left four LED assemblies 1031 are connected with the positive electrodes of the right four LED assemblies 1031 through the connecting wires 1039_2, the left four LED assemblies 1031 may simulate as a first LED assembly of four LED units of the LED module, and the right four LED assemblies 1031 may simulate as a second LED assembly of four LED units of the LED module, and so on to form the mesh connection as shown in fig. 11B.
It is worth noting that, compared with fig. 11C, in the present embodiment, the LED components 1031 are changed to be longitudinally arranged, which can increase the gap between the LED components 1031, and widen the routing of the connection wires, thereby avoiding the risk that the circuit is easily punctured when the lamp tube is repaired, and simultaneously avoiding the problem that the solder balls are short-circuited due to insufficient copper foil coverage area between the lamp beads when the number of the LED components 1031 is large and the LED components need to be closely arranged.
On the other hand, by arranging the width 1036 of the first long side portion of the positive electrode connecting portion to be smaller than the width 1037 of the second long side portion of the negative electrode connecting portion, the area of the negative electrode connecting portion of the LED module 1031 can be made larger than the area of the positive electrode connecting portion. Such a wiring structure thus contributes to heat dissipation of the LED assembly.
Referring to fig. 11F, fig. 11F is a schematic view illustrating a wiring of an LED module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in fig. 11E, and the difference between the two embodiments is that the connecting wires 1139 of this embodiment are implemented by non-orthogonal Z-shaped traces. In other words, in the present embodiment, the bent portion forms an oblique trace, so that the connection portion between each long side portion of the connecting wire 1139 and the bent portion is not perpendicular. Under the configuration of the embodiment, except for the effect of increasing the gap between the LED components 1031 and widening the routing of the connecting wires by longitudinally configuring the LED components 1131, the manner of obliquely configuring the connecting wires in the embodiment can avoid the problems of displacement, offset and the like of the LED components caused by uneven bonding pads when the LED components are mounted.
Specifically, when the flexible circuit board is used as a lamp panel, the vertical traces (as shown in fig. 11C to 11E) will generate regular white oil recesses at the turning points of the wires, so that the solder pads of the LED modules on the connecting wires are relatively protruded. Because the solder is not a flat surface, the LED assembly may not be attached to a predetermined position due to the uneven surface when the LED assembly is mounted. Therefore, in this embodiment, the vertical trace is adjusted to the oblique trace, so that the strength of the copper foil of the trace is uniform, and the protrusion or unevenness at a specific position is avoided, and the LED assembly 1131 can be attached to the wire more easily, thereby improving the reliability of the lamp assembly. In addition, because each LED unit can only walk the slash base plate once on the lamp plate in this embodiment, consequently can make the intensity of whole lamp plate improve by a wide margin to prevent the lamp plate bending, also can shorten lamp plate length.
In addition, in an exemplary embodiment, the copper foil may cover the periphery of the bonding pad of the LED device 1131 to offset the offset when the LED device 1131 is mounted, thereby avoiding the short circuit caused by the solder balls.
Referring to fig. 11G, fig. 11G is a schematic diagram of a wiring of an LED module according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is substantially the same as fig. 11C, and the difference between the two embodiments is mainly that the routing at the corresponding position between the connecting wire 1239 and the connecting wire 1239 (not at the bonding pad of the LED assembly 1231) in the embodiment is changed to be oblique routing. In the embodiment, the vertical routing is adjusted to the oblique routing, so that the strength of the copper foil on the whole routing line is uniform, and the situation of protrusion or unevenness at a specific position is avoided, and the LED assembly 1131 can be attached to the conducting wire more easily, thereby improving the reliability of the lamp tube during assembly.
In addition, under the configuration of the present embodiment, the color temperature point CTP can be uniformly disposed between the LED assemblies 1231, as shown in fig. 11H, fig. 11H is a schematic view of routing of the LED module according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The color temperature point CTP is uniformly arranged on the LED assembly, so that after the wires are spliced to form the LED module, the color temperature point CTP at the corresponding position on each wire can be on the same line. Therefore, when tin is coated, the whole LED module can shield all the color temperature points on the LED module by using a plurality of adhesive tapes (as shown in the figure, if each wire is provided with 3 color temperature points, only 3 adhesive tapes are needed), so that the smoothness of the assembly process is improved, and the assembly time is saved.
Referring to fig. 11I, fig. 11I is a schematic view of a wire of an LED module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 11I illustrates a configuration of a pad at an end of a lamp panel. In this embodiment, the pads b1 and b2 on the lamp panel are suitable for being soldered with the power pads of the power circuit board. The pad configuration of the present embodiment is applicable to a dual-terminal single-pin power-in manner, that is, the pads on the same side receive external driving signals with the same polarity.
Specifically, the pads b1 and b2 of the present embodiment are connected together through an S-shaped fuse FS, wherein the fuse FS is formed by a thin wire, for example, and has a relatively low impedance, so that the pads b1 and b2 can be regarded as being short-circuited together. Under proper application conditions, the pads b1 and b2 receive external driving signals with the same polarity. With this arrangement, even if the pads b1 and b2 are mistakenly connected to external driving signals of opposite polarities, the fuse FS blows in response to a large current passing therethrough, thereby preventing the lamp from being damaged. In addition, after the fuse FS is fused, the configuration is formed that the pad b2 is connected to the lamp panel, and the pad b1 is still connected to the lamp panel, so that the lamp panel can still continue to be used by receiving an external driving signal through the pad b 1.
On the other hand, in an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the trace and pad body of the pads b1 and b2 is at least 0.4mm, and the actual thickness can be any thickness greater than 0.4mm in practical cases, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. After verification, under the configuration that the thicknesses of the routing of the bonding pads b1 and b2 and the bonding pad body at least reach 0.4mm, when the lamp panel is butted and placed in the lamp tube through the bonding pads b1 and b2 and the power circuit board, even if the copper foils at the bonding pads b1 and b2 are broken, the circuits of the lamp panel and the power circuit board can be connected by the additional copper foils at the periphery, so that the lamp tube can work normally.
Referring to fig. 11J, fig. 11J is a schematic diagram of a power pad according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the power circuit board may have, for example, 3 pads a1, a2, and a3, and the power circuit board may be, for example, a printed circuit board, but the invention is not limited thereto. Each of the pads a1, a2 and a3 has a plurality of through holes hp formed therein. In the process of welding the power circuit board and the lamp panel, at least one of the through holes hp is filled with a welding substance (e.g., solder), so that the pads a1, a2, and a3 (hereinafter referred to as power pads) on the power circuit board and the pads (e.g., b1, b2, hereinafter referred to as light source pads) on the lamp panel are electrically connected to each other, wherein the lamp panel may be, for example, a flexible circuit board.
Since the through holes hp increase the contact area between the solder and the power pads a1, a2, and a3, the adhesion between the power pads a1, a2, and a3 and the light source pads is further enhanced. In addition, the arrangement of the through holes hp can also increase the heat dissipation area, so that the thermal characteristics of the lamp tube can be improved. In the present embodiment, the number of the through holes hp can be selected to be 7 or 9 according to the sizes of the pads a1, a2 and a 3. If an implementation with 7 perforations hp is chosen, the perforations hp may be arranged in an arrangement where 6 perforations hp are arranged on a circle and the remaining one is arranged on the center of the circle. If the implementation is selected to have a configuration of 9 perforations hp, the perforations hp may be arranged in an array of 3 × 3. The above configuration selection can preferably increase the contact area and improve the heat dissipation effect.
Please refer to fig. 11K, which is a schematic diagram of a wiring of an LED module according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the routing of the LED module of fig. 11C is changed from a single layer circuit layer to a double layer circuit layer, and the positive lead 834a and the negative lead 835a are mainly changed to a second layer circuit layer. The description is as follows.
Referring to fig. 7, the flexible circuit board has two circuit layers, including a first circuit layer 2a, a dielectric layer 2b and a second circuit layer 2 c. The first circuit layer 2a and the second circuit layer 2c are electrically isolated by a dielectric layer 2 b. The first circuit layer 2a of the flexible circuit board is etched to form a positive conductive line 834, a negative conductive line 835 and a connecting conductive line 839 in fig. 11K, so as to electrically connect the LED elements 831, for example: the plurality of LED components are electrically connected in a mesh, and the second circuit layer 2c is formed by etching a positive electrode lead 834a and a negative electrode lead 835a to electrically connect (the filter output end of) the filter circuit. The positive electrode lead 834 and the negative electrode lead 835 on the first circuit layer 2a of the flexible circuit board have layer connection points 834b and 835 b. The positive electrode lead 834a and the negative electrode lead 835a of the second circuit layer 2 have layer connection points 834c and 835 c. The layer connection points 834b and 835b are opposite to the layer connection points 834c and 835c for electrically connecting the positive conductive line 834 and the positive lead 834a, and the negative conductive line 835 and the negative lead 835 a. Preferably, the layer connection points 834b and 835b of the first layer of circuit layer are opened to the exposed layer connection points 834c and 835c by the underlying conductive layer, and then soldered, so that the positive electrode lead 834 and the positive electrode lead 834a, and the negative electrode lead 835a are electrically connected to each other.
Similarly, in the routing of the LED module shown in fig. 11D, the positive lead 934a and the negative lead 935a may be changed to a second layer of circuit layer, so as to form a routing structure with two circuit layers.
It should be noted that the thickness of the second conductive layer of the flexible circuit board with two conductive layers or circuit layers is preferably thicker than that of the first conductive layer, so as to reduce the line loss (voltage drop) on the positive lead and the negative lead. Moreover, compared with the flexible circuit board with a single conductive layer, the flexible circuit board with the double conductive layers can reduce the width of the flexible circuit board because the anode lead and the cathode lead at the two ends are moved to the second layer. On the same jig, the number of the narrower substrates to be discharged is greater than that of the wider substrates, so that the production efficiency of the LED module can be improved. Moreover, the flexible circuit board with two conductive layers is relatively easy to maintain its shape, so as to increase the reliability of production, for example: and the accuracy of the welding position during the welding of the LED assembly.
As the deformation of above-mentioned scheme, the utility model also provides a LED straight tube lamp, this LED straight tube lamp's power module's at least partial electronic component sets up on the lamp plate: i.e. using PEC (printed electronic Circuits), techniques to print or embed at least part of the electronic components on the lamp panel.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, all set up power module's electronic component on the lamp plate. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: preparing a substrate (preparing a flexible printed circuit board) → spraying and printing metal nano ink → spraying and printing a passive component/an active device (a power supply module) → drying/sintering → spraying and printing an interlayer connection bump → spraying and printing insulating ink → spraying and printing metal nano ink → spraying and printing the passive component and the active device (and the like in turn forming a multilayer board included) → spraying and coating a surface soldering pad → spraying and spraying a solder resist to solder the LED component.
In the above-mentioned this embodiment, if when all set up power module's electronic component on the lamp plate, only need pass through the pin of welding wire connection LED straight tube lamp at the both ends of lamp plate, realize the electrical connection of pin and lamp plate. Therefore, a base plate is not needed to be arranged for the power supply module, and the design of the lamp holder can be further optimized. Preferably, the power supply modules are arranged at two ends of the lamp panel, so that influence of heat generated by work of the power supply modules on the LED assembly is reduced as much as possible. This embodiment improves the overall reliability of the power module because of reducing welding.
If part electronic component prints on the lamp plate (such as resistance, electric capacity), and with big device like: electronic components such as an inductor, an electrolytic capacitor and the like are arranged in the lamp holder. The lamp panel is manufactured in the same way as above. Like this through with part electronic component, set up on the lamp plate, reasonable overall arrangement power module optimizes the design of lamp holder.
As above-mentioned scheme is changed, also can realize setting up power module's electronic component on the lamp plate through the mode of embedding. Namely: and embedding the electronic component on the flexible lamp panel in an embedding mode. Preferably, the method can be realized by adopting a method including a resistance type/capacitance type Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) or printing ink related to screen printing and the like; or the method of embedding the passive component is realized by adopting an ink-jet printing technology, namely, the ink-jet printer directly sprays and prints the conductive ink and the related functional ink which are taken as the passive component onto the set position in the lamp panel. And then, carrying out UV light treatment or drying/sintering treatment to form the lamp panel embedded with the passive component. The electronic component embedded in the lamp panel comprises a resistor, a capacitor and an inductor; in other embodiments, active components are also suitable. The power modules are rationally distributed by such a design to optimize the design of the lamp head (this embodiment saves valuable pcb surface space, reduces the size of the pcb and reduces its weight and thickness due to the partial use of embedded resistors and capacitors; at the same time, the reliability of the power modules is also improved due to the elimination of the solder joints for these resistors and capacitors (which are the most prone to introducing faults on the pcb).
The following describes a method for manufacturing the embedded capacitor and resistor.
The method of using embedded capacitors generally employs a concept called distributed capacitance or planar capacitance. A very thin insulating layer is laminated on top of the copper layer. Typically in pairs in the form of power planes/ground planes. The very thin insulating layer allows for very small distances between the power plane and the ground plane. Such capacitance can also be achieved by conventional metallized holes. Basically, such a method creates a large parallel plate capacitance on the circuit board.
Some high capacitance products are distributed capacitive, others are discretely embedded. Higher capacitance is obtained by filling barium titanate (a material having a high dielectric constant) in the insulating layer.
A common method of making an embedded resistor is to use a resistive adhesive. The printed circuit board is prepared by screen printing resin doped with conductive carbon or graphite as filler to a specified position, and then laminating the processed resin into the circuit board. The resistors are connected by metallized or micro-vias to other electronic components on the circuit board. Another method is the Ohmega-Ply method: it is a two-metal layer structure-the copper layer and a thin nickel alloy layer form the resistor elements, which form a layered resistor with respect to the underlying layer. Various nickel resistors with copper terminations are then formed by etching the copper and nickel alloy layers. These resistors are laminated into the inner layers of the circuit board.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the wires are directly printed on the inner wall (arranged in a linear shape) of the glass tube, and the LED assembly is directly attached to the inner wall so as to be electrically connected to each other via the wires. Preferably, a chip form of the LED assembly is directly attached to the wire of the inner wall (connection points are arranged at two ends of the wire, and the LED assembly is connected to the power module through the connection points), and after the attachment, fluorescent powder is dripped on the chip (so that the LED straight tube lamp generates white light during operation, and can also generate light of other colors).
The utility model discloses a luminous efficacy of LED subassembly is more than 80lm/W, and the preferred is more than 120lm/W, and more preferably is more than 160 lm/W. The LED component can be a white light mixed by the light of the single-color LED chip through the fluorescent powder, and the main wavelengths of the spectrums are 460nm and 560nm of 550-.
As described above, the electronic components of the power supply module may be disposed on the lamp panel or on a circuit board within the lamp head. To increase the advantages of the power module, some of the capacitors may be implemented as chip capacitors (e.g., ceramic chip capacitors) disposed on the lamp panel or on a circuit board in the lamp head. However, the patch capacitor arranged in this way can emit significant noise due to the piezoelectric effect during use, which affects the comfort of the customer during use. In order to solve the problem, in the LED straight tube lamp disclosed in the present disclosure, a suitable hole or groove may be drilled just below the chip capacitor, which may change a vibration system formed by the chip capacitor and a circuit board carrying the chip capacitor under a piezoelectric effect so as to significantly reduce the emitted noise. The shape of the edge or periphery of this hole or slot may be close to, for example, circular, elliptical or rectangular, and is located in the conductive layer in the lamp panel or in the circuit board within the lamp base, and below the chip capacitor.
Please refer to fig. 12A, which is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED lamp according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared with fig. 8C, the power module of the LED lamp of the present embodiment includes a first rectifying circuit 510, a filter circuit 520, and a driving circuit 1530, wherein the driving circuit 1530 and the LED module 630 form an LED lighting module 530. The driving circuit 1530 is a dc-to-dc conversion circuit, coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522, for receiving the filtered signal, performing power conversion to convert the filtered signal into a driving signal, and outputting the driving signal at the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522. The LED module 630 is coupled to the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 for receiving the driving signal to emit light, preferably, the current of the LED module 630 is stabilized at a set current value. The LED module 630 can be seen in the description of fig. 11A to 11D.
More specifically, in the configuration with the driving circuit 1530 shown in fig. 11A, the positive terminal of the LED module 630 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 instead of the first driving output terminal 1521, and the negative terminal of the LED module 630 is coupled to the second filtering output terminal 522 instead of the second driving output terminal 1522.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first driving output 1521 connected to the positive terminal of the LED module 630 (i.e., the positive terminal of the LED unit 732/the positive terminal of the first LED assembly 731) is the dc power output of the driving circuit 1520, and the second driving output 1522 connected to the negative terminal of the LED module 630 (i.e., the negative terminal of the LED unit 732/the negative terminal of the last LED assembly 731) is the ground/reference terminal of the driving circuit 1520. In other words, the LED module 630 is coupled between the dc power output terminal of the driving circuit 1520 and a ground/reference terminal.
In another exemplary embodiment, one of the first and second driving output terminals 1521 and 1522 is a dc power output terminal of the driving circuit 1520; the other is a power input terminal of the driving circuit 1520, which is directly connected to the first filter output terminal 521 or the second filter output terminal 522. In other words, the LED module 630 is coupled between the dc power output terminal and the input terminal of the driving circuit 1520.
Additionally, the connection mode of the LED module 630 is not limited to the straight tube lamp, and the LED module can be applied to various types of LED lamps powered by AC power (i.e., ballast-free LED lamps), such as LED bulbs, LED filament lamps or integrated LED lamps, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 12B is a schematic circuit block diagram of a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The driving circuit includes a controller 1531 and a conversion circuit 1532, which performs power conversion in a current source mode to drive the LED module to emit light. The conversion circuit 1532 includes a switching circuit (also referred to as a power switch) 1535 and a tank circuit 1538. The conversion circuit 1532 is coupled to the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522, receives the filtered signal, and converts the filtered signal into a driving signal according to the control of the controller 1531, and outputs the driving signal from the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522 to drive the LED module. Under the control of the controller 1531, the driving signal output by the converting circuit 1532 is a stable current, so that the LED module stably emits light.
The operation of the driving circuit 1530 is further described with reference to signal waveforms 12C-12F. Fig. 12C to 12F are schematic signal waveform diagrams of driving circuits according to different embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 12C and 12D illustrate signal waveforms and control scenarios of the driving circuit 1530 operating in the Continuous-Conduction Mode (CCM), and fig. 12E and 12F illustrate signal waveforms and control scenarios of the driving circuit 1530 operating in the Discontinuous-Conduction Mode (DCM). In the signal waveform diagram, t on the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage or current (depending on the signal type).
The controller 1531 of the embodiment adjusts a Duty Cycle (Duty Cycle) of the output lighting control signal Slc according to the received current detection signal Sdet, so that the switch circuit 1535 is turned on or off in response to the lighting control signal Slc. The energy storage circuit 1538 repeatedly charges/discharges the energy according to the on/off state of the switch circuit 1535, so that the driving current ILED received by the LED module 630 can be stably maintained at a predetermined current value Ipred. The lighting control signal Slc has a constant signal period Tlc and a constant signal amplitude, and the length of the pulse enable period (such as Ton1, Ton2, Ton3, or referred to as pulse width) in each signal period Tlc is adjusted according to the control requirement. The duty ratio of the lighting control signal Slc is the ratio of the pulse enable period to the signal period Tlc. For example, if the pulse enable period Ton1 is 40% of the signal period Tlc, it means that the duty ratio of the lighting control signal in the first signal period Tlc is 0.4.
In addition, the current detection signal Sdet may represent the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module 630 or the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch circuit 1535, for example, but not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 12B and 12C, fig. 12C shows the signal waveform variation of the driving circuit 1530 in a plurality of signal periods Tlc when the driving current ILED is smaller than the predetermined current value Ipred. Specifically, in the first signal period Tlc, the switch circuit 1535 is turned on in response to the lighting control signal Slc with the high voltage level during the pulse enable period Ton 1. At this time, the converting circuit 1532 generates the driving current ILED according to the input power received from the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 and provides the driving current ILED to the LED module 630, and also charges the energy storage circuit 1538 through the turned-on switch circuit 1535, so that the current IL flowing through the energy storage circuit 1538 gradually increases. In other words, during the pulse enable period Ton1, the energy storage circuit 1538 stores energy in response to the input power received from the first filter output 521 and the second filter output 522.
Then, after the pulse enable period Ton1 ends, the switch circuit 1535 turns off in response to the lighting control signal Slc with the low voltage level. During the period when the switch circuit 1535 is turned off, the input power at the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522 is not provided to the LED module 630, but is discharged by the energy storage circuit 1538 to generate the driving current ILED provided to the LED module 630, wherein the energy storage circuit 1538 gradually decreases the current IL due to the discharge of the electric energy. Therefore, even when the lighting control signal Slc is at the low voltage level (i.e., during the disable period), the driving circuit 1530 continues to supply power to the LED module 630 based on the energy released by the energy storage circuit 1538. In other words, the driving circuit 1530 continuously provides the stable driving current ILED to the LED module 630 no matter the switching circuit 1535 is turned on or off, and the driving current ILED has a value of about I1 in the first signal period Tlc.
In the first signal period Tlc, the controller 1531 determines that the current value I1 of the driving current ILED is smaller than the predetermined current value Ipred according to the current detection signal Sdet, so that the pulse enable period of the lighting control signal Slc is adjusted to Ton2 when the second signal period Tlc is entered, wherein the pulse enable period Ton2 is the pulse enable period Ton1 plus the unit period t 1.
During the second signal period Tlc, the operation of the switch circuit 1535 and the tank circuit 1538 is similar to the previous signal period Tlc. The main difference between the two is that, since the pulse enable period Ton2 is longer than the pulse enable period Ton1, the energy storage circuit 1538 has a longer charging time and a shorter discharging time, so that the average value of the driving current ILED provided by the driving circuit 1530 in the second signal period Tlc is increased to a current value I2 closer to the predetermined current value Ipred.
Similarly, since the current value I2 of the driving current ILED is still smaller than the predetermined current value Ipred, the controller 1531 further adjusts the pulse enable period of the lighting control signal Slc to Ton3 in the third signal period Tlc, wherein the pulse enable period Ton3 is the pulse enable period Ton2 plus the unit period t1, which is equal to the pulse enable period Ton1 plus the period t2 (which is equal to two unit periods t 1). In the third signal period Tlc, the operation of the switch circuit 1535 and the tank circuit 1538 is similar to the first two signal periods Tlc. Since the pulse enable period Ton3 is further extended, the current value of the driving current ILED is increased to I3 and substantially reaches the predetermined current value Ipred. Thereafter, since the current value I3 of the driving current ILED has reached the preset current value Ipred, the controller 1531 maintains the same duty ratio, so that the driving current ILED can be continuously maintained at the preset current value Ipred.
Referring to fig. 12B and 12D together, fig. 12D shows the signal waveform variation of the driving circuit 1530 in a plurality of signal periods Tlc when the driving current ILED is greater than the predetermined current value Ipred. Specifically, in the first signal period Tlc, the switch circuit 1535 is turned on in response to the lighting control signal Slc with the high voltage level during the pulse enable period Ton 1. At this time, the converting circuit 1532 generates the driving current ILED according to the input power received from the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 and provides the driving current ILED to the LED module 630, and also charges the energy storage circuit 1538 through the turned-on switch circuit 1535, so that the current IL flowing through the energy storage circuit 1538 gradually increases. In other words, during the pulse enable period Ton1, the energy storage circuit 1538 stores energy in response to the input power received from the first filter output 521 and the second filter output 522.
Then, after the pulse enable period Ton1 ends, the switch circuit 1535 turns off in response to the lighting control signal Slc with the low voltage level. During the period when the switch circuit 1535 is turned off, the input power at the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522 is not provided to the LED module 630, but is discharged by the energy storage circuit 1538 to generate the driving current ILED provided to the LED module 630, wherein the energy storage circuit 1538 gradually decreases the current IL due to the discharge of the electric energy. Therefore, even when the lighting control signal Slc is at the low voltage level (i.e., during the disable period), the driving circuit 1530 continues to supply power to the LED module 630 based on the energy released by the energy storage circuit 1538. In other words, the driving circuit 1530 continuously provides the stable driving current ILED to the LED module 630 no matter the switching circuit 1535 is turned on or off, and the driving current ILED has a value of about I4 in the first signal period Tlc.
In the first signal period Tlc, the controller 1531 determines that the current value I4 of the driving current ILED is greater than the preset current value Ipred according to the current detection signal Sdet, and thus adjusts the pulse-enable period of the lighting control signal Slc to Ton2 when entering the second signal period Tlc, where the pulse-enable period Ton2 is the pulse-enable period Ton1 and the unit-removal period t 1.
During the second signal period Tlc, the operation of the switch circuit 1535 and the tank circuit 1538 is similar to the previous signal period Tlc. The main difference between the two is that since the pulse enable period Ton2 is shorter than the pulse enable period Ton1, the energy storage circuit 1538 has a shorter charging time and a relatively longer discharging time, so that the average value of the driving current ILED provided by the driving circuit 1530 in the second signal period Tlc is reduced to a current value I5 closer to the predetermined current value Ipred.
Similarly, since the current value I5 of the driving current ILED is still greater than the predetermined current value Ipred, the controller 1531 further adjusts the pulse enable period of the lighting control signal Slc to Ton3 in the third signal period Tpwm, wherein the pulse enable period Ton3 is the pulse enable period Ton2 minus the unit period t1, which is equal to the pulse enable period Ton1 minus the period t2 (which is equal to two unit periods t 1). In the third signal period Tlc, the operation of the switch circuit 1535 and the tank circuit 1538 is similar to the first two signal periods Tlc. Since the pulse enable period Ton3 is further shortened, the current value of the driving current ILED is decreased to I6 and substantially reaches the predetermined current value Ipred. Thereafter, since the current value I6 of the driving current ILED has reached the preset current value Ipred, the controller 1531 maintains the same duty ratio, so that the driving current ILED can be continuously maintained at the preset current value Ipred.
As described above, the driving circuit 1530 adjusts the pulse width of the lighting control signal Slc in a stepwise manner, so that the driving current ILED is gradually adjusted to approach the preset current value Ipred when being lower or higher than the preset current value Ipred, thereby realizing the constant current output.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the driving circuit 1530 is operated in the continuous conducting mode, i.e., the energy storage circuit 1538 does not discharge until the current IL is zero during the off period of the switch circuit 1535. By supplying power to the LED module 630 through the driving circuit 1530 operating in the continuous conduction mode, the power supplied to the LED module 630 is stable and ripple is not easily generated.
The control scenario of the driving circuit 1530 operating in the discontinuous conduction mode is described next. Referring first to fig. 12B and 12E, the signal waveform and driving circuit 1530 of fig. 12E operates substantially the same as fig. 12C. The main difference between fig. 12E and fig. 12C is that the driving circuit 1530 of this embodiment operates in the discontinuous conduction mode, so the tank circuit 1538 discharges the current IL to be equal to zero during the pulse disable period of the ignition control signal Slc, and recharges at the beginning of the next signal period Tlc. For other operations, reference may be made to the embodiment shown in fig. 12C, which will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 12B and 12F, the signal waveform and driving circuit 1530 of fig. 12F operates substantially the same as that of fig. 12D. The main difference between fig. 12F and fig. 12D is that the driving circuit 1530 of this embodiment operates in the discontinuous conduction mode, so the tank circuit 1538 discharges the current IL to be equal to zero during the pulse disable period of the ignition control signal Slc, and recharges at the beginning of the next signal period Tlc. For other operations, reference may be made to the embodiment shown in fig. 12D, which will not be described herein again.
By supplying power to the LED module 630 through the driving circuit 1530 operating in the discontinuous conduction mode, the power loss of the driving circuit 1530 is low, and thus the conversion efficiency is high.
Incidentally, although the driving circuit 1530 is exemplified by a single-stage dc-dc conversion circuit, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the driving circuit 1530 can also be a two-stage driving circuit formed by an active power factor correction circuit and a dc-dc conversion circuit. In other words, any power conversion circuit architecture that can be used for driving the LED light source can be applied.
In addition, the above description of the operation related to power conversion is not limited to be applied to a straight LED lamp for driving AC input, and the invention is applicable to various types of LED lamps powered by AC power (i.e. ballast-free LED lamps), such as LED bulbs, LED filament lamps or integrated LED lamps, and the invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 12G is a schematic circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the driving circuit 1630 is a step-down dc-dc conversion circuit, and includes a controller 1631 and a conversion circuit, where the conversion circuit includes an inductor 1632, a freewheeling diode 1633, a capacitor 1634 and a switch 1635. The driving circuit 1630 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 to convert the received filtered signal into a driving signal for driving the LED module coupled between the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522.
In the present embodiment, the switch 1635 is a mosfet having a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. The switch 1635 has a first terminal coupled to the anode of the freewheeling diode 1633, a second terminal coupled to the second filtering output terminal 522, and a control terminal coupled to the controller 1631 for controlling the first terminal and the second terminal to be turned on or off. The first driving output terminal 1521 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521, the second driving output terminal 1522 is coupled to one end of the inductor 1632, and the other end of the inductor 1632 is coupled to the first end of the switch 1635. The capacitor 1634 is coupled between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 to stabilize a voltage difference between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522. The negative terminal of the freewheeling diode 1633 is coupled to the first driving output terminal 1521.
The operation of the driving circuit 1630 is described next.
The controller 1631 determines the on/off time of the switch 1635 according to the current detection signals S535 or/and S531, that is, controls the Duty Cycle (Duty Cycle) of the switch 1635 to adjust the magnitude of the driving signal. The current detection signal S535 represents the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch 1635. The current detection signal S531 represents the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module coupled between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522. According to any one of the current detection signals S531 and S535, the controller 1631 can obtain information about the magnitude of the power converted by the conversion circuit. When the switch 1635 is turned on, the current of the filtered signal flows from the first filtering output terminal 521, and flows out from the second filtering output terminal 522 through the capacitor 1634 and the first driving output terminal 1521 to the LED module, the inductor 1632 and the switch 1635. At this time, the capacitor 1634 and the inductor 1632 store energy. When the switch 1635 is turned off, the inductor 1632 and the capacitor 1634 release the stored energy, and the current flows to the first driving output end 1521 through the freewheeling diode 1633, so that the LED module still emits light continuously.
It is noted that the capacitor 1634 is not an essential component and may be omitted, and is shown in dashed lines. In some applications, the inductor can be used to stabilize the LED module current by resisting the change of the current, and the capacitor 1634 can be omitted. Additionally, since the present embodiment adopts a non-isolated power conversion architecture, the detection of the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch 1635 (i.e., the current detection signal S535) can be used as a basis for the controller 1631 to feedback control the switch 1635. If an isolated power conversion architecture is adopted, a detection resistor (not shown) connected in series with the LED unit is required to detect the current flowing through the LED module, and then the current is fed back to the primary side controller 1631 through an optical coupler (not shown) as a reference for control.
From another perspective, the driving circuit 1630 keeps the current flowing through the LED module constant, so that for some LED modules (e.g., white, red, blue, green, etc. LED modules), the color temperature of the LED module can be improved to change with the current, i.e., the LED module can keep the color temperature constant under different brightness. The inductor 1632 serving as the energy storage circuit releases the stored energy when the switch 1635 is turned off, so that the LED module keeps emitting light continuously, and the current and voltage on the LED module do not drop to the minimum value suddenly, and when the switch 1635 is turned on again, the current and voltage do not need to go back and forth from the minimum value to the maximum value, thereby preventing the LED module from emitting light intermittently, improving the overall brightness of the LED module, reducing the minimum on-period, and improving the driving frequency.
Fig. 12H is a schematic circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the driving circuit 1730 is a boost dc-to-dc conversion circuit, and includes a controller 1731 and a conversion circuit, and the conversion circuit includes an inductor 1732, a freewheeling diode 1733, a capacitor 1734 and a switch 1735. The driving circuit 1730 converts the filtered signals received by the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 into driving signals to drive the LED module coupled between the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522.
One end of the inductor 1732 is coupled to the first filter output terminal 521, and the other end is coupled to an anode of the current filtering diode 1733 and a first end of the switch 1735. A second terminal of the switch 1735 is coupled to the second filter output 522 and the second driving output 1522. The cathode of the freewheeling diode 1733 is coupled to the first driving output terminal 1521. The capacitor 1734 is coupled between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522.
The controller 1731 is coupled to the control terminal of the switch 1735, and controls the switch 1735 to turn on or off according to the current detection signal S531 or/and the current detection signal S535. When the switch 1735 is turned on, current flows from the first filter output terminal 521, flows through the inductor 1732 and the switch 1735, and then flows out from the second filter output terminal 522. At this time, the current flowing through the inductor 1732 increases with time, and the inductor 1732 is in an energy storage state. Meanwhile, the capacitor 1734 is in a power-off state to continuously drive the LED module to emit light. When the switch 1735 is turned off, the inductor 1732 is in a de-energized state, and the current of the inductor 1732 decreases with time. The current from the inductor 1732 freewheels through the freewheeling diode 1733 to the capacitor 1734 and the LED module. At this time, the capacitor 1734 is in a stored energy state.
It is noted that the capacitor 1734 is an omissible component, shown in dashed lines. When the capacitor 1734 is omitted, when the switch 1735 is turned on, the current of the inductor 1732 does not flow through the LED module, so that the LED module does not emit light; when the switch 1735 is turned off, the current of the inductor 1732 flows through the LED module via the freewheeling diode 1733, so that the LED module emits light. By controlling the light emitting time of the LED module and the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module, the average brightness of the LED module can be stabilized on a set value, and the same stable light emitting effect can be achieved. Additionally, since the present embodiment employs a non-isolated power conversion architecture, the detection of the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch 1735 (i.e., the current detection signal S535) can be used as a basis for the controller 1731 to feedback control the switch 1735. If the non-isolated power conversion architecture is adopted, the current level of the switch 1735 cannot be directly detected to be used as a basis for the controller 1731 to feedback control the switch 1735.
To detect the current flowing through the switch 1735, a detection resistor (not shown) is disposed between the switch 1735 and the second filter output 522. When the switch 1735 is turned on, the current flowing through the sensing resistor causes a voltage difference between two ends of the sensing resistor, so that the voltage on the sensing resistor can be used as the current detection signal S535 and sent back to the controller 1731 as the control reference. However, when the LED straight lamp is powered on instantaneously or is struck by lightning, a large current (possibly more than 10A) is easily generated in the loop of the switch 1735, so that the detection resistor and the controller 1731 are damaged. Therefore, in some embodiments, the driving circuit 1730 may further include a clamping device, which may be connected to the sensing resistor, for clamping the loop of the sensing resistor when the current flowing through the sensing resistor or the voltage difference between the two ends of the sensing resistor exceeds a predetermined value, so as to limit the current flowing through the sensing resistor. In some embodiments, the clamping component may be, for example, a plurality of diodes connected in series to form a diode string, the diode string and the detection resistor being connected in parallel to each other. With this configuration, when a large current is generated in the loop of the switch 1735, the diode string connected in parallel to the sensing resistor is turned on rapidly, so that the two ends of the sensing resistor can be limited to a specific level. For example, if the diode string is composed of 5 diodes, the turn-on voltage of a single diode is about 0.7V, so the diode string can clamp the voltage across the detection resistor to about 3.5V.
From another perspective, the driving circuit 1730 keeps the current flowing through the LED module constant, so that for some LED modules (e.g., white, red, blue, green, etc. LED modules), the color temperature of the LED module can be improved according to the change of the current, i.e., the LED module can keep the color temperature constant under different brightness. The inductor 1732 serving as the energy storage circuit releases the stored energy when the switch 1735 is turned off, so that the LED module continuously emits light, and the current and voltage on the LED module do not suddenly drop to the minimum value, and when the switch 1735 is turned on again, the current and voltage do not need to go back and forth from the minimum value to the maximum value, thereby preventing the LED module from emitting light intermittently, improving the overall brightness of the LED module, reducing the minimum on-period, and improving the driving frequency.
Fig. 12I is a schematic circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the driving circuit 1830 is a step-down dc-dc conversion circuit, and includes a controller 1831 and a conversion circuit, and the conversion circuit includes an inductor 1832, a freewheeling diode 1833, a capacitor 1834, and a switch 1835. The driving circuit 1830 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 to convert the received filtered signal into a driving signal for driving the LED module coupled between the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522.
The switch 1835 has a first terminal coupled to the first filter output terminal 521, a second terminal coupled to the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode 1833, and a control terminal coupled to the controller 1831 for receiving a control signal from the controller 1831 to make the first terminal and the second terminal turned on or off. The anode of freewheeling diode 1833 is coupled to second filtered output 522. The inductor 1832 has one end coupled to the second end of the switch 1835 and the other end coupled to the first driving output terminal 1521. The second driving output 1522 is coupled to the anode of the freewheeling diode 1833. The capacitor 1834 is coupled between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 for stabilizing a voltage between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522.
The controller 1831 controls the switch 1835 to be turned on or off according to the current detection signal S531 or/and the current detection signal S535. When the switch 1835 is turned on, current flows from the first filtering output terminal 521, passes through the switch 1835, the inductor 1832, the capacitor 1834, the first driving output terminal 1521, the LED module, and the second driving output terminal 1522, and then flows from the second filtering output terminal 522. At this time, the current flowing through the inductor 1832 and the voltage of the capacitor 1834 increase with time, and the inductor 1832 and the capacitor 1834 are in the energy storage state. When the switch 1835 is turned off, the inductor 1832 is in a de-energized state and the current of the inductor 1832 decreases over time. At this time, the current of the inductor 1832 flows through the first driving output end 1521, the LED module, the second driving output end 1522, and the freewheeling diode 1833 and then returns to the inductor 1832 to form a freewheeling current.
It is noted that the capacitor 1834 is an omitted component, and is shown in dashed lines. When the capacitor 1834 is omitted, no matter the switch 1835 is turned on or off, the current of the inductor 1832 can flow through the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 to drive the LED module to emit light continuously. Additionally, since the present embodiment employs a non-isolated power conversion architecture, the detection of the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch 1835 (i.e., the current detection signal S535) can be used as a basis for the controller 1831 to feedback control the switch 1835. If a non-isolated power conversion architecture is used, the current level of the switch 1835 cannot be directly detected as the basis for the controller 1831 to feedback control the switch 1835.
From another perspective, the driving circuit 1830 keeps the current flowing through the LED module constant, so that for some LED modules (e.g., white, red, blue, green, etc. LED modules), the color temperature of the LED module can be improved according to the change of the current, i.e., the LED module can keep the color temperature constant under different brightness. The inductor 1832, which is used as an energy storage circuit, releases the stored energy when the switch 1835 is turned off, so that the LED module keeps emitting light continuously, and the current and voltage on the LED module do not drop suddenly to a minimum value, and when the switch 1835 is turned on again, the current and voltage do not have to go back and forth from the minimum value to a maximum value, thereby preventing the LED module from emitting light intermittently, improving the overall brightness of the LED module, reducing the minimum on-period, and improving the driving frequency.
Fig. 12J is a schematic circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the driving circuit 1930 is a step-down dc-to-dc conversion circuit, and includes a controller 1931 and a conversion circuit, and the conversion circuit includes an inductor 1932, a freewheeling diode 1933, a capacitor 1934, and a switch 1935. The driving circuit 1930 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 to convert the received filtered signal into a driving signal for driving the LED module coupled between the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522.
One end of the inductor 1932 is coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second driving output terminal 1522, and the other end is coupled to the first end of the switch 1935. The second terminal of the switch 1935 is coupled to the second filtering output terminal 522, and the control terminal is coupled to the controller 1931 to be turned on or off according to a control signal of the controller 1931. The freewheeling diode 1933 has an anode coupled to a connection point between the inductor 1932 and the switch 1935 and a cathode coupled to the first driving output 1521. The capacitor 1934 is coupled to the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 to stabilize the driving of the LED module coupled between the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522.
The controller 1931 controls the on/off of the switch 1935 according to the current detection signal S531 or/and the current detection signal S535. When the switch 1935 is turned on, current flows in from the first filtering output terminal 521, and flows out from the second filtering output terminal 522 after flowing through the inductor 1932 and the switch 1935. At this time, the current flowing through the inductor 1932 increases with time, and the inductor 1932 is in an energy storage state; the voltage of the capacitor 1934 decreases with time, and the capacitor 1934 is in a de-energized state to maintain the LED module illuminated. When the switch 1935 is turned off, the inductor 1932 is in a de-energized state and the current of the inductor 1932 decreases over time. At this time, the current of the inductor 1932 flows through the freewheeling diode 1933, the first driving output end 1521, the LED module, and the second driving output end 1522 and then returns to the inductor 1932 to form freewheeling. At this time, the capacitor 1934 is in an energy storage state, and the voltage of the capacitor 1934 increases with time.
It is noted that the capacitor 1934 is an omitted component, and is shown in dashed lines. When the capacitor 1934 is omitted and the switch 1935 is turned on, the current of the inductor 1932 does not flow through the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522, so that the LED module does not emit light. When the switch 1935 is turned off, the current of the inductor 1932 flows through the LED module via the freewheeling diode 1933, and the LED module emits light. By controlling the light emitting time of the LED module and the magnitude of the current flowing through the LED module, the average brightness of the LED module can be stabilized on a set value, and the same stable light emitting effect can be achieved. Additionally, since the present embodiment employs a non-isolated power conversion architecture, the detection of the magnitude of the current flowing through the switch 1935 (i.e., the current detection signal S535) can be used as a basis for the controller 1931 to feedback control the switch 1935. If a non-isolated power conversion architecture is adopted, the detection of the current level of the switch 1935 cannot be used as a basis for the controller 1931 to feedback control the switch 1735.
From another perspective, the driving circuit 1930 keeps the current flowing through the LED module unchanged, so that for some LED modules (e.g., white, red, blue, green, etc. LED modules), the color temperature of the LED module can be improved according to the change of the current, i.e., the LED module can keep the color temperature unchanged under different brightness. And the inductance 1932, acting as an energy storage circuit, releases the stored energy when the switch 1935 is turned off, so that the LED module continuously emits light on the one hand, and the current and voltage on the LED module do not suddenly drop to the minimum value on the other hand, and when the switch 1935 is turned on again, the current and voltage do not need to go back and forth from the minimum value to the maximum value, thereby preventing the LED module from intermittently emitting light to improve the overall brightness of the LED module and reduce the minimum on-period and improve the driving frequency.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the short circuit board 253 is divided into a first short circuit board and a second short circuit board connected to two ends of the long circuit board 251, and the electronic components in the power module are respectively disposed on the first short circuit board and the second short circuit board of the short circuit board 253. The length dimensions of the first short circuit board and the second short circuit board may be approximately the same or may not be the same. Generally, the length dimension of the first short circuit board (the right side circuit board of the short circuit board 253 of fig. 5 and the left side circuit board of the short circuit board 253 of fig. 6) is 30% to 80% of the length dimension of the second short circuit board. More preferably, the length of the first short circuit board is 1/3-2/3 of the length of the second short circuit board. In this embodiment, the length dimension of the first short circuit board is approximately half of the length dimension of the second short circuit board. The second short circuit board has a size of 15mm to 65mm (depending on the application). The first short circuit board is arranged in the lamp holder at one end of the LED straight tube lamp, and the second short circuit board is arranged in the lamp holder at the other opposite end of the LED straight tube lamp.
For example, the capacitors (e.g., the capacitors 1634, 1734, 1834, 1934 in fig. 12C-12F) of the driving circuit may be formed by connecting two or more capacitors in parallel. The capacitor of the driving circuit in the power module is at least partially or completely disposed on the first short circuit board of the short circuit boards 253. That is, the rectifier circuit, the filter circuit, the inductor of the driving circuit, the controller, the switch, the diode, and the like are disposed on the second short circuit board of the short circuit boards 253. The inductor, the controller, the change-over switch and the like are components with higher temperature in the electronic components, and are arranged on different circuit boards with part or all of the capacitors, so that the capacitor (especially an electrolytic capacitor) can avoid the influence of the components with higher temperature on the service life of the capacitor, and the reliability of the capacitor is improved. Furthermore, the capacitor can be separated from the rectifying circuit and the filter circuit in space, so that the EMI problem is solved.
In one embodiment, the components of the driving circuit with higher temperature are disposed on one side of the lamp (which may be referred to as a first side of the lamp), and the rest of the components are disposed on the other side of the lamp (which may be referred to as a second side of the lamp). In a multi-tube lamp system, the tubes are connected to the socket in a staggered arrangement, i.e., a first side of any one tube is adjacent to a second side of another adjacent tube. The configuration mode can enable the components with higher temperature to be evenly configured in the lamp system, thereby avoiding heat from being concentrated at a specific position in the lamp and further causing the overall luminous efficacy of the LED to be influenced.
The utility model discloses a drive circuit's conversion efficiency is more than 80%, and the preferred is more than 90%, and more preferably is more than 92%. Therefore, when the driving circuit is not included, the luminous efficiency of the LED lamp of the present invention is preferably 120lm/W or more, and more preferably 160lm/W or more; the luminous efficiency after the combination of the driving circuit and the LED assembly is preferably 120 lm/W90% to 108lm/W or more, and more preferably 160 lm/W92% to 147.2lm/W or more.
In addition, the light transmittance of the diffusion layer of the LED straight tube lamp is considered to be 85% or more, and therefore, the LED straight tube lamp of the present invention preferably has a luminous efficiency of 108 lm/W85% ═ 91.8lm/W or more, and more preferably 147.2 lm/W85% ═ 125.12 lm/W.
Fig. 13A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 8C, the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes the first rectifying circuit 510, the filter circuit 520, and the LED lighting module 530, and further includes an overvoltage protection circuit 1570. The overvoltage protection circuit 1570 is coupled to the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522 to detect the filtered signal, and clamp the level of the filtered signal when the level of the filtered signal is higher than the predetermined overvoltage value. Accordingly, the over-voltage protection circuit 1570 can protect components of the LED lighting module 530 from being damaged by over-voltage.
Fig. 13B is a schematic circuit diagram of an overvoltage protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The overvoltage protection circuit 1670 includes a zener diode 1671, such as: a Zener Diode (Zener Diode) coupled to the first filter output 521 and the second filter output 522. The zener diode 1671 is turned on when the voltage difference between the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 (i.e., the level of the filtered signal) reaches the breakdown voltage, so that the voltage difference is clamped on the breakdown voltage. The breakdown voltage is preferably in the range of 40-100V, more preferably 55-75V.
Please refer to fig. 14A, which is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 8C, the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes the first rectifying circuit 510 and the filter circuit 520, and an auxiliary power module 2510 is further added, wherein the power module of the LED straight lamp may also include some components of the LED lighting module 530. The auxiliary power module 2510 is coupled between the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522. The auxiliary power module 2510 detects the filtered signals at the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522, and determines whether to provide auxiliary power to the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522 according to the detection result. When the filtered signal is not provided or the ac level is not sufficient, i.e. when the driving voltage of the LED module is lower than an auxiliary voltage, the auxiliary power module 2510 provides auxiliary power, so that the LED lighting module 530 can continuously emit light. The auxiliary voltage is determined according to an auxiliary power supply voltage of the auxiliary power supply module.
Please refer to fig. 14B, which is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of a LED straight tube lamp according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 14A, the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes a first rectifying circuit 510, a filter circuit 520, and an auxiliary power module 2510, and the LED lighting module 530 further includes a driving circuit 1530 and an LED module 630. The auxiliary power module 2510 is coupled between the first driving output 1521 and the second driving output 1522. The auxiliary power module 2510 detects the driving signals of the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 and determines whether to provide auxiliary power to the first driving output end 1521 and the second driving output end 1522 according to the detection result. When the driving signal is stopped or the ac level is insufficient, the auxiliary power module 2510 provides auxiliary power, so that the LED module 630 can continuously emit light.
In another exemplary embodiment, the LED lighting module 530 or the LED module 630 may only receive the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power module 2510 as the operating power, and the external driving signal is used for charging the auxiliary power module 2510. Since the LED lighting module 530 is only lighted by the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power module 2810, no matter the external driving signal is provided by the commercial power or by the ballast, the energy storage unit of the auxiliary power module 2810 is charged first, and then the energy storage unit supplies power to the rear end. Therefore, the LED straight lamp adopting the power module framework of the embodiment can be compatible with the commercial power or the external driving signal provided by the ballast.
From a structural point of view, since the auxiliary power module 2510 is connected between the output terminals (the first filter output terminal 521 and the second filter output terminal 522) of the filter circuit 520 or the output terminals (the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522) of the driving circuit 1530, in an exemplary embodiment, the circuit can be disposed in the lamp (for example, adjacent to the LED lighting module 530 or the LED module 630) to avoid power transmission loss caused by too long wires. In another exemplary embodiment, the circuit of the auxiliary power module 2510 may also be disposed in the lamp head, so that the heat generated by the auxiliary power module 2510 during charging and discharging is less likely to affect the operation and light emitting performance of the LED module. Please refer to fig. 14C, which is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary power module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The auxiliary power module 2610 of the present embodiment can be applied to the configuration of the auxiliary power module 2510. The auxiliary power module 2610 includes an energy storage unit 2613 and a voltage detection circuit 2614. The auxiliary power module 2610 has an auxiliary power positive terminal 2611 and an auxiliary power negative terminal 2612 coupled to the first filtering output terminal 521 and the second filtering output terminal 522 or the first driving output terminal 1521 and the second driving output terminal 1522, respectively. The voltage detection circuit 2614 detects the level of the signal on the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 to determine whether to release the power of the energy storage unit 2613 to the outside through the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612.
In this embodiment, the energy storage unit 2613 is a battery or a super capacitor. The voltage detection circuit 2614 charges the energy storage unit 2613 with signals on the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 when the level of the signals on the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 is higher than the voltage of the energy storage unit 2613. When the signal levels of the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 are lower than the voltage of the energy storage unit 2613, the energy storage unit 2613 discharges to the outside through the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612.
The voltage detection circuit 2614 includes a diode 2615, a bipolar junction transistor 2616 and a resistor 2617. The anode of the diode 2615 is coupled to the anode of the energy storage unit 2613, and the cathode is coupled to the positive terminal 2611 of the auxiliary power supply. The negative terminal of the energy storage unit 2613 is coupled to the negative terminal 2612 of the auxiliary power supply. The bipolar junction transistor 2616 has a collector coupled to the positive terminal 2611 of the auxiliary power source and an emitter coupled to the anode of the energy storage unit 2613. The resistor 2617 has one end coupled to the positive terminal 2611 of the auxiliary power supply and the other end coupled to the base of the bjt 2616. The resistor 2617 turns on the bjt 2616 when the collector of the bjt 2616 is above the emitter by a turn-on voltage. When the power supply for driving the LED straight-tube lamp is normal, the filtered signal charges the energy storage unit 2613 through the first and second filtering output terminals 521 and 522 and the conducting bjt 2616, or the driving signal charges the energy storage unit 2613 through the first and second driving output terminals 1521 and 1522 and the conducting bjt 2616 until the collector-to-emitter difference of the bjt 2616 is equal to or less than the conducting voltage. When the filtered signal or the driving signal stops providing or the level suddenly drops, the energy storage unit 2613 provides power to the LED lighting module 530 or the LED module 630 through the diode 2615 to maintain the light emission.
It is noted that the highest voltage stored in the energy storage unit 2613 during charging is at least lower than the turn-on voltage of the bjt 2616 applied to the positive auxiliary power supply terminal 2611 and the negative auxiliary power supply terminal 2612. When the energy storage unit 2613 discharges, the voltage output by the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 is lower than the voltage of the energy storage unit 2613 by the threshold voltage of a diode 2615. Therefore, when the auxiliary power module starts to supply power, the voltage provided will be low (approximately equal to the sum of the threshold voltage of the diode 2615 and the turn-on voltage of the bjt 2616). In the embodiment shown in fig. 14B, the brightness of the LED module 630 is significantly reduced by the voltage drop when the auxiliary power module supplies power. As such, when the auxiliary power supply module is applied to an emergency lighting system or a constant-bright lighting system, the user may know the main lighting power supply, for example: commercial power, abnormal, and necessary precautionary measures can be taken.
The configuration of the embodiment of fig. 14A-14C can be applied to a multi-lamp fixture architecture, in addition to the emergency power supply of a single lamp. Taking a lamp with 4 parallel straight LED lamps as an example, in an example embodiment, one of the 4 straight LED lamps may include an auxiliary power module. When the external driving signal is abnormal, the LED straight tube lamp containing the auxiliary power supply module can be continuously lightened, and other LED straight tube lamps can be extinguished. The LED straight lamp provided with the auxiliary power supply module may be disposed at a middle position of the lamp in consideration of uniformity of illumination.
In another exemplary embodiment, the 4 LED straight lamps may include a plurality of auxiliary power modules. When the external driving signal is abnormal, the LED straight lamp comprising the auxiliary power supply module can be all lighted by the auxiliary power at the same time. Therefore, even in the emergency situation, the whole lamp can still provide certain brightness. In consideration of the uniformity of illumination, if 2 LED straight lamps are provided and include the auxiliary power module, the two LED straight lamps may be arranged in a staggered manner with the LED straight lamps without the auxiliary power module.
In another exemplary embodiment, the 4 LED straight lamps may include a plurality of auxiliary power modules. When the external driving signal is abnormal, a part of the LED straight lamps is first lighted by the auxiliary power, and after a period of time (for example, yes), another part of the LED straight lamps is then lighted by the auxiliary power. Therefore, the present embodiment can provide the auxiliary power sequence by coordinating with other lamp tubes, so that the illumination time of the LED straight lamp in the emergency state can be prolonged.
Wherein, the embodiment of coordinating with other fluorescent tubes and providing auxiliary power order can be through setting for the start-up time of the auxiliary power module in different fluorescent tubes, or through the mode that sets up the controller in each fluorescent tube to communicate the running state between the auxiliary power module, the utility model discloses do not restrict this.
Referring to fig. 14D, fig. 14D is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filter circuit 520, an LED lighting module 530, and an auxiliary power module 2710. The LED lighting module 530 of this embodiment may only include the LED module or include the driving circuit and the LED module, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 14B, the auxiliary power module 2710 of the present embodiment is connected between the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 to receive the external driving signal and perform charging and discharging operations based on the external driving signal.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 may operate similar to an Off-line uninterruptible power system (Off-line UPS). When the power supply is normal, the external power grid/external driving signal directly supplies power to the rectifying circuit 510 and simultaneously charges the auxiliary power module 2710; once the quality of the mains power supply is unstable or power is cut off, the auxiliary power module 2710 cuts off a loop between an external power grid and the rectifying circuit 510, and the auxiliary power module 2710 supplies power to the rectifying circuit 510 instead until the power supply of the power grid is recovered to normal. In other words, the auxiliary power module 2710 of the present embodiment may operate in a backup manner, for example, and only intervene to supply power when the power grid is powered off. Here, the power supplied by the auxiliary power module 2710 may be ac or dc.
In an exemplary embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 includes, for example, an energy storage unit and a voltage detection circuit, and the voltage detection circuit detects an external driving signal and determines whether to enable the energy storage unit to provide auxiliary power to the input end of the rectification circuit 510 according to the detection result. When the external driving signal is stopped providing or the ac level is insufficient, the energy storage unit of the auxiliary power module 2710 provides the auxiliary power, so that the LED lighting module 530 can continuously emit light based on the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary energy storage unit. In practical applications, the energy storage unit for providing auxiliary power may be implemented by using energy storage components such as a battery or a super capacitor, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In another exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 14E, the auxiliary power module 2710 includes a charging unit 2712 and an auxiliary power supply unit 2714, for example, an input end of the charging unit 2712 is connected to an external power grid, and an output end of the charging unit 2712 is connected to an input end of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714. The output of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 is connected to a power supply loop between the external power grid EP and the rectifier circuit 510. The system further includes a switch unit 2730, which is respectively connected to the external power grid EP, the output terminal of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' and the input terminal of the rectification circuit 510, wherein the switch unit 2730 selectively conducts the loop between the external power grid EP and the rectification circuit 510 or the loop between the auxiliary power supply module 2710 and the rectification circuit 510 according to the power supply status of the external power grid EP. Specifically, when the external power grid EP is powered normally, the power supplied by the external power grid EP is provided as the external driving signal Sed to the input terminal of the rectification circuit 510 through the switching unit 2720. At this time, the charging unit 2712 may charge the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 based on the power supplied from the external power grid EP, and the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 may not discharge the rectifier circuit 510 at the rear end in response to the external drive signal Sed normally transmitted on the power supply loop. When the external power grid EP is powered abnormally or is powered off, the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 starts discharging through the switching unit 2720 to supply auxiliary power as the external driving signal Sed to the rectification circuit 510.
Referring to fig. 14F, fig. 14F is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, an LED lighting module 530, and an auxiliary power module 2710'. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 14D, the input terminals Pi1 and Pi2 of the auxiliary power module 2710' of the present embodiment receive the external driving signal, and perform charging and discharging operations based on the external driving signal, and then provide the generated auxiliary power from the output terminals Po1 and Po2 to the rear rectifier circuit 510. From the perspective of the LED straight lamp structure, the first pin (e.g., 501) and the second pin (e.g., 502) of the LED straight lamp can be the input terminals Pi1 and Pi2 or the output terminals Po1 and Po2 of the auxiliary power module 2710'. If the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are the input terminals Pi1 and Pi2 of the auxiliary power module 2710 ', it means that the auxiliary power module 2710' is disposed inside the LED straight lamp; if the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are the output terminals Po1 and Po2 of the auxiliary power module 2710 ', it means that the auxiliary power module 2710' is disposed outside the LED straight lamp. The following embodiments will further explain the specific structural configuration of the auxiliary power supply module.
In one embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 'operates similar to an On-line uninterruptible power system (On-line ups), and the external power grid/external driving signal does not directly power the rectifying circuit 510, but power is supplied through the auxiliary power module 2710'. In other words, in the present embodiment, the external power grid and the LED straight tube lamp are isolated from each other, and the auxiliary power module 2710' is inserted in the whole process of starting/powering the LED straight tube lamp, so that the power supplied to the rectifying circuit 510 is not affected by the unstable power supply of the external power grid.
Fig. 14G shows an example configuration of an online-operated auxiliary power supply module 2710'. As shown in fig. 14G, the auxiliary power module 2710 ' includes a charging unit 2712 ' and an auxiliary power supply unit 2714 '. An input terminal of the charging unit 2712 ' is connected to the external power grid EP, and an output terminal of the charging unit 2712 ' is connected to a first input terminal of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 '. The second input terminal of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' is connected to the external power grid EP, and the output terminal thereof is connected to the rectification circuit 510. Specifically, when the external power grid EP is supplying power normally, the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' performs power conversion based on the power supplied by the external power grid EP, and generates an external driving signal Sed to the rear-end rectifying circuit 510; during this period, the charging unit 2712 'simultaneously charges the energy storage unit in the auxiliary power supply unit 2714'. When the external power grid EP is abnormally powered on or off, the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' performs power conversion based on the power supplied by the energy storage unit itself, and generates an external driving signal Sed to the rear-end rectifying circuit 510 accordingly. Additionally, the power conversion operation described herein may be one of or a reasonable combination of circuit operations such as rectification, filtering, boosting, and voltage reduction, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In another embodiment, the operation of the auxiliary power module 2710 'is similar to a Line-Interactive UPS (Line-Interactive UPS), which is basically similar to an offline UPS, but the difference is that under the online-Interactive operation, the auxiliary power module 2710' monitors the power supply of the external power grid at any time, and has a boost and buck compensation circuit to correct the power supply of the external power grid in real time when the power supply of the external power grid is not ideal, thereby reducing the frequency of switching the battery power supply.
Fig. 14H illustrates an example configuration of an auxiliary power module 2710' operating online interactively. As shown in fig. 14H, the auxiliary power module 2710 'includes, for example, a charging unit 2712', an auxiliary power supply unit 2714 ', and a switching unit 2716'. An input terminal of the charging unit 2712 ' is connected to the external power grid EP, and an output terminal of the charging unit 2712 ' is connected to an input terminal of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 '. The switch unit 2716 'is connected to the external power grid EP, the output end of the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' and the input end of the rectification circuit 510, respectively, wherein the switch unit 2716 'selectively connects the loop between the external power grid EP and the rectification circuit 510 or the loop between the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' and the rectification circuit 510 according to the power supply state of the external power grid EP. Specifically, when the external power grid EP is powered normally, the switching unit 2716 ' turns on the loop between the external power grid EP and the rectifying circuit 510 and turns off the loop between the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 ' and the rectifying circuit 510, so that the power supplied by the external power grid EP is supplied as the external driving signal Sed to the input terminal of the rectifying circuit 510 through the switching unit 2716 '. At this time, the charging unit 2712 'charges the auxiliary power supply unit 2714' based on the power supplied from the external power grid EP. When the external power grid EP is powered abnormally or is powered off, the switching unit 2716 ' is switched to conduct the loop between the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 ' and the rectifying circuit 510, so that the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 ' starts to discharge to provide auxiliary power as the external driving signal Sed to the rectifying circuit 510.
In the above embodiments, the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power supply unit 2714/2714' may be ac power or dc power. When the supplied power is AC power, the auxiliary power unit 2714/2714' includes, for example, an energy storage unit and a DC-AC converter (DC-AC converter); when the supplied power is DC power, the auxiliary power supply unit 2714/2714' includes, for example, an energy storage unit and a DC-DC converter (DC-DC converter), or only includes an energy storage unit, which is not limited by the present invention. The energy storage unit can be, for example, a battery module formed by combining a plurality of energy storage batteries. The dc-dc converter may be, for example, a boost type, buck type, or buck type dc-dc conversion circuit. The auxiliary power module 2710/2710' further includes a voltage detection circuit (not shown). The voltage detection circuit can be used to detect the operating state of the external power grid EP, and send a signal to control the switch unit 2730/2716 ' or the auxiliary power supply unit 2714 ' according to the detection result, so as to determine whether the LED straight lamp operates in the normal lighting mode (i.e., supplying power through the external power grid EP) or the emergency mode (i.e., supplying power through the auxiliary power supply module 2710/2710 '). The switching unit 2730/2716' may be implemented by a three-terminal switch or a complementary two-terminal switch. If two switches with complementary switching are used, the two switches can be respectively connected in series to the power supply loop of the external power grid EP and the power supply loop of the auxiliary power supply module 2710/2710'; and the control mode is that when one switch is turned on, the other switch is turned off.
In an example embodiment, the switch unit 2730/2716' may be implemented using a relay. The relay is similar to a selection switch with 2 modes, if the relay works in a common lighting mode (namely, the commercial power is used as an external driving signal), after the relay is electrified, the relay is electrified and sucked, and at the moment, the power supply module of the LED straight tube lamp is not electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply module 2710/2710'; if the commercial power is abnormal, the electromagnetic attraction of the relay disappears, and the power module of the LED straight tube lamp is restored to the initial position and is electrically connected 2710/2710' with the auxiliary power module through the relay, so that the auxiliary power module works.
From the perspective of the overall lighting system, when the lighting system is applied to a general lighting situation, the auxiliary power module 2710/2710' does not operate, and the LED lighting module 530 is powered by the commercial power; and the battery module in the auxiliary power supply module is charged by commercial power. When the battery module is applied to an emergency, the voltage of the battery module is boosted to the voltage required by the LED lighting module 530 during operation by the boost dc-dc conversion circuit, and the LED lighting module 530 emits light. Generally, the voltage after boosting is 4-10 times (preferably 4-6 times) of the voltage of the battery module before boosting; the voltage required by the LED lighting module 530 is 40-80V (preferably 55-75V, in this case 60V) when it works.
In this embodiment, a single cylindrical battery is selected; the battery is packaged by the metal shell, so that the risk of leakage of electrolyte in the battery can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the battery is of a modular design, and 2 batteries are connected in series and then packaged to form a battery module, and the battery module is electrically connected in sequence to form two poles of the battery module; this is easy to install. The battery module is arranged in the lamp when being installed, so that the battery module is convenient to maintain at the later stage; if some battery modules are damaged, the damaged battery modules can be replaced in time without replacing the whole battery module. The battery module may be formed in a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter slightly larger than an outer diameter of the battery such that the battery is sequentially inserted into the battery module to form a positive terminal and a negative terminal at both ends of the battery module. The voltage of the battery modules electrically connected with the modules is lower than 36V, so that the later maintenance cost is reduced. In other embodiments, the battery module is configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the width of the rectangular parallelepiped is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the battery, so that the battery is firmly clamped in the battery module, and the battery module is provided with a snap-in pluggable structure or other structures capable of being easily plugged and assembled.
In this embodiment, the charging unit 2712/2712' may be, for example, a BMS module (battery management system) for managing the battery modules, mainly for intelligently managing and maintaining the battery modules, preventing overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, and monitoring the state of the battery.
The BMS module is preset with an external interface, and the information of the battery in the battery module is read by connecting the interface during periodic detection. And if the abnormality of the battery module is detected, replacing the corresponding battery module.
In other embodiments, the number of the batteries in the battery module can be more than 3, 4, 30, etc., and the batteries in the battery module can be connected in series and in parallel in a sampling manner according to the application; if lithium batteries are used, the voltage of each lithium battery is about 3.7V, and the number of the batteries can be reduced appropriately so that the voltage of the battery system is lower than 36V.
The relay in the embodiment is an electromagnetic relay which mainly comprises an iron core, a coil, an armature, a contact reed and the like. The working principle is as follows: as long as a certain voltage is applied to the two ends of the coil, a certain current flows in the coil, so that an electromagnetic effect is generated, the armature iron overcomes the pulling force of the return spring and is attracted to the iron core under the attraction effect of the electromagnetic force, and the movable contact of the armature iron is driven to be attracted with the fixed contact (normally open contact). When the coil is powered off, the electromagnetic attraction force disappears, and the armature iron can restore to the initial position under the counterforce of the spring to make the movable contact and the original static contact (normally closed contact) attract each other. Thus, the circuit is attracted and released, thereby achieving the purposes of conduction and cut-off in the circuit. For the "normally open, normally closed" contacts of a relay, a distinction can be made: the static contact which is in an off state when the relay coil is not electrified is called as a normally open contact; the stationary contact in the on state is referred to as a "normally closed contact".
In an exemplary embodiment, the LED module is lit by the external driving signal at a different brightness than the LED module is lit by the auxiliary power. Therefore, when observing the brightness change of the lamp tube, a user can find that the problem of abnormal power supply of the external power supply possibly occurs, and the problem is eliminated as soon as possible. In other words, the auxiliary power module 2710 of the present embodiment can provide auxiliary power with different power from the external driving signal to the LED module when the external driving signal is abnormal, so that the LED module has different brightness as an indication of whether the external driving signal is normally supplied. For example, in the present embodiment, when the LED module is lit according to the external driving signal, the brightness of the LED module may be 1600 and 2000 lumens, for example; when the LED module is lit according to the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power module 2710, the brightness thereof may be, for example, 200 and 250 lumens. From the perspective of the auxiliary power module 2710, in order to make the LED module have a brightness of 200 and 250 lumens when being lit, the output power of the auxiliary power module 2710 may be, for example, 1 watt to 5 watts, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the capacitance of the energy storage component in the auxiliary power module 2710 may be, for example, 1.5 w/h to 7.5 w/h or more, so that the LED module may be continuously lit for more than 90 minutes under the luminance of 200-.
From the structural point of view, as shown in fig. 14I, fig. 14I is a schematic configuration diagram of an auxiliary power module in a lamp according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710/2710' (only labeled 2710 in the drawings for simplicity of description, and the auxiliary power module 2710 is also described below) can be disposed in the lamp head 3 as well as the lamp tube 1 according to the above embodiments. With this configuration, the auxiliary power module 2710 can be connected to the corresponding first pin 501 and second pin 502 from the inside of the lamp head 3 to receive the external driving signal provided to the first pin 501 and second pin 502. Compared with the configuration in which the auxiliary power module 2710 is disposed in the lamp tube 1, the auxiliary power module 2710 of the present embodiment is disposed in the lamp caps 3 at two sides of the lamp tube 1, and therefore is far away from the LED module in the lamp tube 1, so that the heat energy generated by the auxiliary power module 2710 during charging and discharging is less likely to affect the operation and luminous efficacy of the LED module. In addition, the auxiliary power module 2710 and the power module of the LED straight lamp may be disposed in the same lamp cap or disposed in the lamp caps on two sides respectively. If the auxiliary power module 2710 and the power module are disposed in different lamp caps, the overall circuit layout can have a larger space.
In another embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 may also be disposed in a lamp socket corresponding to a straight LED lamp, as shown in fig. 14J, where fig. 14J is a schematic configuration diagram of the auxiliary power module in the lamp socket according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The lamp socket 1_ LH comprises a base 101_ LH and a connecting socket 102_ LH, wherein the base 101_ LH is installed with a power line therein and is suitable for being locked/attached to a fixed object such as a wall surface or a ceiling. The connection socket 102_ LH has a slot corresponding to the pins (e.g., the first pin 501 and the second pin 502) of the LED straight lamp, wherein the slot is electrically connected to the corresponding power line. In the embodiment, the connection socket 102_ LH may be integrally formed with the base 101_ LH or detachably mounted to the base 101_ LH, but the invention is not limited thereto.
When the LED straight lamp is installed on the lamp socket 1_ LH, the pins of the lamp caps 3 at the two ends are respectively inserted into the corresponding slots of the connection socket 102_ LH, so as to be electrically connected to the corresponding power lines, so that the external driving signal can be provided to the corresponding pins. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 is disposed in the connection receptacle 102_ LH and is connected to a power line to receive an external driving signal. Taking the configuration of the left lamp head 3 as an example, when the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 are inserted into the slot of the left connection socket 102_ LH, the auxiliary power module 2710 is electrically connected to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 through the slot, so as to implement the connection configuration shown in fig. 14D.
Compared to the embodiment in which the auxiliary power module 2710 is disposed in the lamp head 3, since the connection socket 102_ LH can be configured to be detachable, in an exemplary embodiment, the connection socket 102_ LH and the auxiliary power module 2710 can be integrated into a modular configuration, so that when the auxiliary power module 2710 fails or is out of service, a new auxiliary power module 2710 can be replaced by replacing the modular connection socket 102_ LH for continuous use without replacing the entire LED straight tube lamp. In other words, the configuration of the embodiment not only has the advantage of reducing the influence of the heat generated by the auxiliary power module 2710 on the LED module, but also can make the replacement of the auxiliary power module 2710 easier through the modular design, so that the entire LED straight lamp is not required to be replaced due to the problem of the auxiliary power module 2710, and the durability of the LED straight lamp is improved. In addition, in an exemplary embodiment, the auxiliary power module 2710 may also be disposed in the base 101_ LH of the lamp socket 1_ LH or disposed outside the lamp socket 1_ LH, which is not limited by the invention.
In general, the auxiliary power module 2710 can be divided into two configurations, i.e., (1) integrated inside the LED straight tube lamp and (2) independent of the LED straight tube lamp. In an example of the configuration in which the auxiliary power module 2710 is independent of the outside of the LED straight tube lamp, if the off-line auxiliary power supply is used, the auxiliary power module 2710 and the power of the external power grid may be provided to the LED straight tube lamp through different pins, or may be provided to the LED straight tube lamp by sharing at least one pin. On the other hand, if the power supply mode is an online or online interactive auxiliary power supply mode, the power signal of the external power grid is not directly supplied to the pin of the LED straight tube lamp, but is first supplied to the auxiliary power module 2710, and then the auxiliary power module 2710 supplies the signal to the power module inside the LED straight tube lamp through the pin of the LED straight tube lamp. The following further describes the overall configuration of the auxiliary power supply module (referred to as independent auxiliary power supply module for short) independent of the outside of the LED straight tube lamp and the LED straight tube lamp.
Referring to fig. 14K, fig. 14K is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight lamp lighting system includes an LED straight lamp 500 and an auxiliary power module 2810. The LED straight lamp 500 of the present embodiment includes rectifying circuits 510 and 540, a filter circuit 520, and an LED lighting module 530. The LED lighting module 530 of this embodiment may only include the LED module or include the driving circuit and the LED module, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The rectifying circuits 510 and 540 can be a full-wave rectifying circuit 610 shown in fig. 9A or a half-wave rectifying circuit 710 shown in fig. 9B, wherein two input terminals of the rectifying circuit 510 are connected to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, respectively, and two input terminals of the rectifying circuit 540 are connected to the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the LED straight lamp 500 is a double-ended power-in configuration as an example, the external power grid EP is connected to the pins 501 and 502 on the lamp caps on both sides of the LED straight lamp 500, and the auxiliary power module 2810 is connected to the pins 503 and 504 on the lamp caps on both sides of the LED straight lamp 500. That is, the external power grid EP and the auxiliary power module 2810 are supplied with power through different pins to the LED straight lamp 500. In addition, although the present embodiment is illustrated as an example of a configuration with two terminals feeding power, the present invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the external power grid EP may also be powered through the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 on the same lamp head (i.e., a single-ended power-in configuration). At this time, the auxiliary power module 2810 supplies power through the third pin 503 and the fourth pin 504 on the lamp head on the other side. In other words, no matter under the configuration of single-end power-on or double-end power-on, the pins (such as 503 and 504) that are not used in the LED straight tube lamp 500 can be used as the interface for receiving the auxiliary power by selecting the corresponding rectifier circuit configuration, so as to realize the integration of the emergency lighting function in the LED straight tube lamp 500.
Referring to fig. 14L, fig. 14L is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp lighting system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight tube lamp lighting system includes an LED straight tube lamp 500' and an auxiliary power supply module 2910. The LED straight lamp 500 'of the present embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510', a filter circuit 520, and an LED lighting module 530. The LED lighting module 530 of this embodiment may also include only an LED module or a driving circuit and an LED module, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The rectifier circuit 510 'may be, for example, a rectifier circuit 910 having three legs as shown in one of fig. 9D to 9F, wherein the rectifier circuit 510' has three input signal receiving terminals P1, P2 and P3. The input signal receiving terminal P1 is connected to the first pin 501, the input signal receiving terminal P2 is connected to the second pin 502 and the auxiliary power module 2910, and the input signal receiving terminal P3 is connected to the auxiliary power module 2910.
In the present embodiment, the LED straight tube lamp 500 'is also exemplified by a double-end power-in configuration, and the external power grid EP is connected to the pins 501 and 502 on the lamp caps at both sides of the LED straight tube lamp 500'. Unlike the previous embodiments, the auxiliary power module 2910 of the present embodiment shares the second pin 502 with the external power grid EP in addition to being connected to the third pin 503. With this arrangement, the power provided by the external power grid EP is provided to the signal receiving terminals P1 and P2 of the rectifying circuit 510 'through the first pin 501 and the second pin 502, and the power provided by the auxiliary power module 2910 is provided to the signal receiving terminals P3 and P2 of the rectifying circuit 510' through the third pin 503 and the second pin 502. More specifically, if the lines coupled to the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 from the external grid EP are the hot line (L) and the neutral line (N), respectively, the auxiliary power module 2910 shares the neutral line (N) with the external grid EP, and the hot lines are independent of each other. In other words, the signal receiving end P2 is a shared end of the external power grid EP and the auxiliary power module 2910.
In operation, when the external power grid EP can normally supply power, the rectifying circuit 510' can perform full-wave rectification through the bridge arms corresponding to the signal receiving terminals P1 and P2 to supply power to the LED lighting module 530. When the power supply of the external power grid EP is abnormal, the rectifying circuit 510' can receive the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power module 2910 through the signal receiving terminals P3 and P2, so as to supply power to the LED lighting module 530. The diode unidirectional conduction characteristic of the rectifying circuit 510' isolates the external driving signal from the input of the auxiliary power supply, so that the external driving signal and the input of the auxiliary power supply are not influenced by each other, and the effect of providing the auxiliary power supply when the external power grid EP is abnormal can also be achieved. In practical applications, the rectifying circuit 510' may be implemented by using a fast recovery diode to respond to the high frequency characteristic of the output current of the emergency power supply.
In addition, since the present embodiment receives the auxiliary power provided by the auxiliary power module 2910 by sharing the second pin 502, the LED straight lamp 500' further has an unused fourth pin 504 which can be used as a signal input interface for other control functions. The other control functions may be, for example, a dimming function, a communication function, a sensing function, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto. The following description will discuss an example of an embodiment in which the LED straight lamp 500' further integrates a dimming control function.
Referring to fig. 14M, fig. 14M is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight tube lamp lighting system according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The LED straight lamp 500 'of the present embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510', a filter circuit 520, a driving circuit 1530, and an LED module 630. The configuration of the LED straight lamp lighting system of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 14L, and the difference between the two embodiments is that the LED straight lamp lighting system of the present embodiment further includes a dimming control circuit 550 coupled to the fourth pin 504 of the LED straight lamp 500', wherein the dimming control circuit 550 is coupled to the driving circuit 1530 through the fourth pin 504, so as to regulate and control the driving current provided by the driving circuit 1530 to the LED module 630, and thus the brightness and/or the color temperature of the LED module 630 can be changed accordingly.
For example, the dimming control circuit 550 may be, for example, a circuit module composed of a variable impedance element and a signal conversion circuit, and a user may adjust the impedance of the variable impedance element to enable the dimming control circuit 550 to generate a dimming signal with a corresponding level, and the dimming signal is converted into a signal form conforming to the format of the driving circuit 1530 by the signal conversion circuit and then transmitted to the driving circuit 1530, so that the driving circuit 1530 can adjust the magnitude of the driving current output to the LED module 630 based on the dimming signal. If the brightness of the LED module 630 is to be adjusted, the adjustment may be performed by adjusting the frequency or the reference level of the driving signal; if the color temperature of the LED module 630 is to be adjusted, the brightness of the red LED unit in the LED module 630 can be adjusted, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that the auxiliary power modules 2810 and 2910 may also refer to the configurations of fig. 14I and 14J in terms of hardware configuration, and the same advantageous effects may be obtained.
The configurations of the embodiment of fig. 14D-14M can be applied to emergency power supply of a single lamp, and can also be applied to provide emergency auxiliary power under the configuration of multiple lamps in parallel. Specifically, under the framework that a plurality of LED straight tube lamps are connected in parallel, the corresponding pins of each LED straight tube lamp are connected in parallel to receive the same external driving signal. For example, the first pins 501 of the LED straight lamps are connected in parallel, the second pins of the LED straight lamps are connected in parallel, and so on. Under this configuration, the auxiliary power module 2710 can be equivalently connected to the pin of each LED straight lamp connected in parallel. Therefore, as long as the output power of the auxiliary power module 2710 is sufficient to light all the parallel LED straight lamps, when an external power source is abnormal (i.e., an external driving signal cannot be normally supplied), auxiliary power is provided to light all the parallel LED straight lamps as emergency lighting. In practical applications, if a structure with 4 LED straight lamps connected in parallel is taken as an example, the auxiliary power module 2710 may be designed as an energy storage unit with a capacitance of 1.5 watt-hour to 7.5 watt-hour and an output power of 1 watt-5 watt. Under the specification, when the auxiliary power module 2710 provides auxiliary power to light the LED module, the entire lamp can have a brightness of at least 200 and 250 lumens, and can be continuously lit for 90 minutes.
In the multi-lamp structure, similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 14A to 14C, the auxiliary power module may be disposed in one lamp of the lamp or disposed in a plurality of lamps of the lamp, wherein the lamp configuration considering the light uniformity is also applicable to the embodiment. The main difference between the present embodiment and the embodiment shown in fig. 14A to 14C applied to a multi-lamp structure is that even though only a single lamp is provided with the auxiliary power module, the auxiliary power module can still supply power to other lamps.
It should be noted that, although the description herein takes a parallel configuration of 4 LED straight lamps as an example, after referring to the above description, it should be understood by those skilled in the art how to select a suitable energy storage unit to implement the parallel configuration of 2, 3, or more than 4 LED straight lamps, so that any embodiment in which the auxiliary power module 2710 can simultaneously supply power to one or more of the multiple parallel LED straight lamps so that the corresponding LED straight lamp can have a specific brightness in response to the auxiliary power belongs to the scope described in the present embodiment.
In another exemplary embodiment, the auxiliary power modules 2510, 2610, 2710, 2810 and 2910 in fig. 14D to 14M can further determine whether to provide auxiliary power for the LED straight lamp according to a lighting signal. Specifically, the lighting signal may be an indication signal reflecting a switching state of a lamp switch. For example, the level of the lighting signal is adjusted to a first level (e.g., a high logic level) or a second level (e.g., a low logic level) different from the first level according to the switching of the lamp switch. When a user switches the lamp switch to a lighting position, the lighting signal is adjusted to a first level; when the user switches the lamp switch to the off position, the lighting signal is adjusted to the second level. In other words, when the lighting signal is at the first level, the light switch is switched to the lighting position; when the lighting signal is at the second level, the light switch is switched to the off position. The generation of the lighting signal can be realized by a circuit for detecting the switching state of the lamp switch.
In another exemplary embodiment, the auxiliary power modules 2510, 2610, 2710, 2810 and 2910 may further include a lighting determination circuit for receiving a lighting signal and determining whether to enable the energy storage unit to supply power for the back end according to a level of the lighting signal and a detection result of the voltage detection circuit. Specifically, the following three states are possible based on the level of the lighting signal and the detection result of the voltage detection circuit: (1) the lighting signal is a first level and the external driving signal is normally provided; (2) the lighting signal is at a first level and the external driving signal is stopped providing or the AC level is insufficient; and (3) the lighting signal is at the second level and the external driving signal stops providing. Wherein, state (1) is the condition that the user opened the light switch and the external power supply was normal, state (2) is that the user opened the light switch but the external power supply took place unusually, and state (3) is that the user closed the light switch and made the external power supply stop providing.
In the present exemplary embodiment, both the states (1) and (3) belong to normal states, i.e., the external power is normally supplied when the user turns on the light and the external power is stopped when the user turns off the light. Therefore, in the states (1) and (3), the auxiliary power module does not provide the auxiliary power to the back end. More specifically, the lighting judgment circuit makes the energy storage unit not supply power to the rear end according to the judgment results of the state (1) and the state (3). In the state (1), an external driving signal is directly input to the rectifying circuit 510, and the external driving signal charges the energy storage unit; in the state (3), the external driving signal is stopped being supplied, and thus the energy storage unit is not charged.
In the state (2), it indicates that the external power source does not normally supply power to the LED straight lamp when the user turns on the lamp, so the timing lamp determination circuit can make the energy storage unit supply power to the rear end according to the determination result of the state (2), so that the LED lighting module 530 emits light based on the auxiliary power provided by the energy storage unit.
Accordingly, the LED lighting module 530 may have three different brightness variations in the application of the lighting determination circuit. When the external power source is not normally supplying power, the LED lighting module 530 has a first brightness (e.g., 1600-.
More specifically, in conjunction with the embodiment shown in fig. 14C, the lighting judgment circuit may be, for example, a switch circuit (not shown) connected in series between the positive auxiliary power supply terminal 2611 and the negative auxiliary power supply terminal 2612, and a control terminal of the switch circuit receives the lighting signal. When the lighting signal is at the first level, the switch circuit is turned on in response to the lighting signal, and further charges the energy storage unit 2613 through the auxiliary power positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power negative terminal 2612 when the external driving signal is normally supplied (state 1); or when the external driving signal is stopped providing or the ac level is insufficient, the energy storage unit 2613 provides the auxiliary power to the rear LED lighting module 530 or the LED module 630 through the auxiliary power supply positive terminal 2611 and the auxiliary power supply negative terminal 2612 (state 2). On the other hand, when the lighting signal is at the second level, the switch circuit is turned off in response to the lighting signal, and at this time, the energy storage unit 2613 does not provide auxiliary power to the rear end even if the external driving signal is stopped providing or the ac level is insufficient.
In the application of the auxiliary power module, if the circuit of the auxiliary power supply units (e.g. 2714 and 2714') is designed to be controlled in an open loop, that is, the output voltage of the auxiliary power supply unit has no feedback signal, and if the load is open, the output voltage of the auxiliary power supply module will rise all the time, and thus the auxiliary power supply module will be burnt. To solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a plurality of circuit embodiments of the auxiliary power module with open-circuit protection, as shown in fig. 14N and 14O.
Fig. 14N is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary power module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 14N, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary power module 4510 includes a transformer, a sampling module 4518, a chip control module 5511, and an energy storage unit 4511 for providing a voltage VCC. In the auxiliary power module 4510, as shown in fig. 14E, the transformer includes a primary winding assembly L1 and a secondary winding assembly L2. One end of the secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected to the switch unit 2730 and then electrically connected to one end (the input end of the rectifier circuit 510) of the LED straight lamp 500, and the other end of the secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected to the other end of the LED straight lamp 500. The sampling module 4518 comprises a winding L3, and a winding L3 and a secondary winding assembly L2 are wound on the secondary side; the voltage of the secondary winding assembly L2 is sampled through the winding L3, and if the sampled voltage exceeds a set threshold value, the voltage is fed back to the chip control module, and the switching frequency of the change-over switch 4512 electrically connected with the primary winding assembly L1 is adjusted through the chip control module. And further controls the voltage output by the secondary side, thereby realizing the purpose of open-circuit protection.
Specifically, the transformer has a primary side unit and a secondary side unit, and the primary side unit includes an energy storage unit 4511, a primary winding assembly L1, and a switch 4512. The positive electrode of the energy storage unit 4511 is electrically connected to the dotted terminal (i.e., the dotted terminal) of the primary winding assembly L1, and the negative electrode of the energy storage unit 4511 is electrically connected to the ground terminal. The synonym terminal of the primary winding element L1 is electrically connected to the drain of the switch 4512 (MOS is taken as an example). The gate of the switch 4512 is electrically connected to the chip control module 5511, and the source of the switch 4512 is connected to the ground. The secondary side cell includes a secondary winding assembly L2, a diode 4515 and a capacitor 4513. The different-name end of the secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected with the anode of the diode 4514, and the same-name end of the secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected with one end of the capacitor 4513. The cathode of the diode 4514 is electrically connected to the other end of the capacitor 4513. Two ends of the capacitor 4513 form the auxiliary power output terminals V1, V2 (corresponding to two ends of the auxiliary power module 2810 in fig. 14K or two ends of the auxiliary power module 2910 in fig. 14L and 14M).
The sampling module 4518 includes a third winding assembly L3, a diode 4515, a capacitor 4516, and a resistor 4517. The different-name end of the third winding assembly L3 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode 4515, and the same-name end of the third winding assembly L3 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor 4516 and the resistor 4517. The cathode of the diode 4515 is electrically connected to the capacitor 4516 and the other end (i.e., end a) of the resistor 4517. The capacitor 4516 and the resistor 4517 are electrically connected to the chip control module 5511 through the terminal a.
The chip control module 5511 includes a chip 5512, a diode 5513, a capacitor 5514, a capacitor 5515, a resistor 5516, a capacitor 5517, a resistor 5518, and a resistor 5519. The ground terminal (GND) of the chip 5512 is grounded; the output end (OUT) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to the gate of the switch 4512; a trigger Terminal (TRIG) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to one terminal (terminal B) of the resistor 5516, and a discharge terminal (DIS) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the resistor 5516; a reset terminal (RST) and a control terminal (CV) of the chip 5512 are electrically connected to the capacitors 5514 and 5515, respectively, and then grounded; the discharge terminal (DIS) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to the capacitor 5517 through the resistor 5516 and then grounded. A power supply terminal (VCC terminal) of the chip 5512 receives the voltage VCC and is electrically connected to one terminal of the resistor 5518; the other end of the resistor 5518 is electrically connected to the terminal B. The anode of the diode 5513 is electrically connected to the terminal a, the cathode of the diode 5513 is electrically connected to one terminal of the resistor 5519, and the other terminal of the resistor 5519 is electrically connected to the terminal B.
Next, the actions of the above-described embodiment are described; if the auxiliary power module 4510 operates in a normal state, the output voltage between the output terminals V1m3V2 of the auxiliary power module 4510 is lower, usually lower than a certain value (e.g., lower than 100V, in this embodiment, the voltage between V1 and V2 is 60V-80V). At this time, the voltage at point a in the sampling module 4518 is low, and a slight current (negligible) flows through the resistor 5519. If the auxiliary power module 4510 is abnormal, at this time, the voltage between the nodes V1 and V2 of the auxiliary power module 4510 is higher (e.g., exceeds 300V), at this time, the sampling voltage at the point a in the sampling module 4518 is higher, and a larger current flows through the resistor 5519; the discharge time of the capacitor 5517 becomes longer due to the larger current flowing, but the charge time of the capacitor 5517 does not change; corresponding to adjusting the duty ratio of the switch; thereby prolonging the off time of the switch 4512. For the output side of the transformer, the output energy is reduced, and the output voltage is not increased, so that the purpose of open circuit protection is achieved.
In the above scheme, the trigger Terminal (TRIG) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to the branch of the resistor 5516 and further electrically connected to the DIS terminal, and the DIS terminal is triggered when the voltage at the B terminal is between 1/3VCC and 2/3 VCC. If the auxiliary power module 4510 operates in a normal state (i.e., the output voltage does not exceed the set threshold), the voltage at the a terminal can be less than 1/3 VCC; if the auxiliary power module 4510 is abnormal, the voltage at point a can reach or even exceed 1/2 VCC.
In the above scheme, when the auxiliary power module 4510 is in a normal state, the DIS terminal of the chip 5512 is normally discharged when triggered (according to a predetermined logic); the waveform is as shown in fig. 14P (fig. 14P is a timing chart of charging and discharging of the DIS terminal and the output terminal OUT in the chip when the auxiliary power module 4510 is in a normal state), the DIS terminal is triggered (and in a discharging phase), the OUT terminal outputs a low level, the DIS terminal is not triggered (i.e., in a charging phase), the OUT terminal outputs a high level, and the on/off of the switch 4512 is controlled by the high/low level output from the OUT terminal. When the auxiliary power module 4510 is in an abnormal state, the waveform thereof is as shown in fig. 14Q (fig. 14Q is a timing chart of charging and discharging of the DIS terminal and the output terminal in the chip when the auxiliary power module 4510 is in an abnormal state); it can be seen from the timing sequence that no matter whether the auxiliary power module 4510 is in a normal state, the chip 5512 does not trigger the chip DIS terminal touch (i.e., the time required for charging the capacitor 5517 is the same), and when the auxiliary power module 4510 is in an abnormal state, since a current flows into the DIS terminal through the terminal B, which is equivalent to prolonging the discharge time of the capacitor 5517, the output energy is reduced, and the output voltage is not increased any more, thereby achieving the purpose of open-circuit protection.
In the above scheme, the chip control module selects a chip (such as a 555 timing chip) with a time adjustment function; thereby controlling the off-time of MOS 4512. The scheme only needs simple resistors and capacitors to realize the time delay effect. No complex control algorithms are required. The voltage range of VCC in the above scheme is between 4.5V and 16V.
The open circuit voltage of the auxiliary power module 4510 is limited to a certain value (e.g., 300V or less, and the specific value can be determined by selecting appropriate parameters).
In the above-mentioned solution, the electronic components shown in the circuit topology, such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, MOS switches, etc., are equivalent diagrams of the components, and in actual use, the electronic components may be formed by connecting a plurality of electronic components according to a certain rule.
Fig. 14O is a schematic circuit diagram of an auxiliary power module according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 14O, the embodiment of fig. 14O is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 14N in that the sampling module of the present embodiment is implemented by using an optical coupler sensor. The auxiliary power module 6510 includes a transformer, a sampling module, a chip control module 5511, and an energy storage unit 4511 for providing a voltage VCC.
The transformer comprises a primary winding assembly L1 and a secondary winding assembly L2. The primary winding assembly L1 and the switch 4512 are configured in the same manner as in the previous embodiment. The dotted end of secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected to the anode of diode 4514 and the dotted end of secondary winding assembly L2 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor 4513. The cathode of the diode 4514 is electrically connected to the other end of the capacitor 4513. Two terminals of the capacitor 4513 are the auxiliary power output terminals V1 and V2.
The sampling module comprises a photoelectric coupler 6513, wherein the anode side of a photodiode in the photoelectric coupler 6513 is electrically connected with the cathode of a diode 4514 and one end of a capacitor 4513, the cathode side of the photodiode is electrically connected with one side of a resistor 6511, the other side of the resistor 6511 is electrically connected with one end of a clamping component 6512, and the other end of the clamping component 6512 is electrically connected with the other end of the capacitor 4513. The collector and the emitter of the triode in the photoelectric coupler 6513 are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the resistor 5518.
The chip control module 5511 includes a chip 5512, a capacitor 5514, a capacitor 5515, a resistor 5516, a capacitor 5517, and a resistor 5518. A power supply terminal (VCC terminal) of the chip 5512 is electrically VCC and a collector of a triode in the photocoupler 6513; a discharge end (DIS end) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor 5516, and the other end of the resistor 5516 is electrically connected to a collector of a triode in the photocoupler 6513; the discharge end (THRS end) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected with the other end of the 9 branch circuit and is electrically connected with the emitter end of the triode in the photoelectric coupler 6513 and is electrically grounded through the capacitor 5517; the ground terminal (GND terminal) of the chip 5512 is electrically grounded; the reset terminal (RST) of the chip 5512 is electrically grounded via the capacitor 5514; the control terminal (CV) of the chip 5512 is electrically grounded via the capacitor 5515; a trigger Terminal (TRIG) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to a discharge terminal (THRS terminal); the output terminal (OUT) of the chip 5512 is electrically connected to the gate of the switch 4512.
Next, the operation of the above embodiment is described, in normal operation, the voltage output by the auxiliary power output terminal (V1, V2) is lower than the clamping voltage of the clamping component 6512, and the current I1 flowing through the resistor 6511 is very small and negligible; the current I2 flowing through the collector and emitter of the transistor in the optocoupler 6513 is small.
If the load is open-circuited, the voltage output by the auxiliary power output terminals (V1, V2) rises, and when the voltage exceeds the threshold of the clamping assembly 6512, the clamping assembly 6512 is turned on, so that the current flowing through the current limiting resistor 6511 increases I1, the diode of the photoelectric coupler 6513 emits light, the current I2 flowing through the collector and the emitter of the triode in the photoelectric coupler 6513 increases in proportion, the current I2 compensates the discharge current of the capacitor 5517 through the resistor 5516, the discharge time of the capacitor 5517 is prolonged, the turn-off time of the switch is correspondingly prolonged (namely the switch duty ratio is reduced), the output energy is reduced, the output energy at the secondary side is correspondingly reduced, the output voltage is not increased any more, and therefore open-circuit protection is realized.
In the above scheme, the clamping component 6512 is a Voltage dependent resistor, a TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor diode), or a zener diode. The trigger threshold of the clamping component 6512 is selected from 100V-400V, preferably from 150V-350V. In this example, 300V was selected.
In the above scheme, the resistor 6511 mainly has a current limiting function, and the resistance value is selected from 20K ohm to 1M ohm, preferably from 20K ohm to 500KM ohm, and in this embodiment, 50K ohm is selected. In the above scheme, the resistor 5518 mainly has a current limiting function, and the resistance value thereof is selected from 1K ohm to 100K ohm, preferably from 5K ohm to 50KM ohm, and in this embodiment, 6K ohm is selected. In the above solution, the capacitance value of the capacitor 5517 is selected to be 1nF to 1000nF, preferably 1nF to 100nF, and in this embodiment, 2.2 nF. In the above solution, the capacitance value of the capacitor 5515 is selected from 1nF to 1pF, preferably from 5nF to 50nF, and in this embodiment, 10nF is selected. In the above scheme, the capacitance value of the capacitor 4513 is selected from 1uF to 100uF, preferably 1uF to 10uF, and in this embodiment, 4.7uF is selected.
In the embodiments of fig. 14N and 14O, the energy storage unit 4511 included in the auxiliary power module 4510/6510 may be a battery or a super capacitor. In the above-described scheme, the dc power of the auxiliary power module 4510/6510 may be managed by a BMS (battery management system) and charged in a general lighting mode. Or directly omit BMS, charge the direct current power supply in the ordinary illumination mode. By selecting proper component parameters, the charging is carried out at a small current (the current does not exceed 300 mA).
With the auxiliary power supply module 4510/6510 of the fig. 14N or 14O embodiment, the circuit topology is simple and no application specific integrated chip is required. Open circuit protection is achieved using fewer components. The reliability of the ballast is improved. In addition, the circuit topology of the emergency ballast is in an output isolation type. The hidden trouble of leakage current is reduced.
In summary, the principle of the schemes in fig. 14N and 14O is that the detection module is used to sample the voltage (current) information at the output end, and if the detected information exceeds the set threshold, the discharge time of the discharge end of the control chip is extended, and the turn-off time of the switch is extended, so as to adjust the duty ratio of the switch (for the control chip, the working voltage of the discharge end (DIS, THRS) is between 1/3VCC to 2/3VCC, the charging time of the working capacitor 5517 is unchanged, and the discharge time is lengthened), for the output side of the transformer, the output energy is reduced, the output voltage is not increased, and the purpose of open circuit protection is achieved.
As shown in fig. 14P and 14Q, the timing diagram is for the initial output of high level for OUT of the control chip and the triggering of the discharging end. Fig. 14J is a timing chart of the auxiliary power module operating in the normal state; FIG. 14K shows the timing sequence of the auxiliary power module operating in an abnormal (e.g., load open) state. The OUT end of the control chip outputs high level initially, and a discharge end is not triggered (the capacitor 5517 is charged); when the discharging end is triggered (the capacitor 5517 is discharged), the OUT end initially outputs a low level. The MOS switch 4512 is controlled to be turned on/off by a signal at the OUT terminal.
Fig. 15A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp system according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 8C, the LED straight lamp 500 of the present embodiment includes the first rectifying circuit 510, the filter circuit 520 and the installation detecting module 2520, wherein the power module may also include some components of the LED lighting module 530. In the present embodiment, the LED straight tube lamp 500 directly receives an external driving signal provided by an external power grid EP, for example, wherein the external driving signal is provided to the two end pins 501 and 502 of the LED straight tube lamp 500 through a live line (L) and a neutral line (N). In practical applications, the LED straight lamp 500 may further include pins 503 and 504. Under the structure that the LED straight lamp 500 includes 4 pins 501 and 504, the two pins (e.g. 501 and 503, or 502 and 504) on the lamp head on the same side can be electrically connected together or electrically independent from each other according to design requirements, which the present invention is not limited thereto. The mounting detection module 2520 is disposed inside the lamp tube and coupled to the first rectifying circuit 510 via the first mounting detection terminal 2521, and coupled to the filter circuit 520 via the second mounting detection terminal 2522, i.e., connected in series to the power circuit of the LED straight lamp 500. The mounting detection module 2520 detects a signal (i.e., a signal flowing through the power circuit) flowing through the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522, and determines whether to stop the external driving signal from flowing through the LED straight lamp according to the detection result. When the LED straight lamp is not formally installed in the lamp socket, the installation detection module 2520 detects a small current signal to determine that the signal flows through an excessively high impedance, and at this time, the installation detection module 2520 stops to stop the operation of the LED straight lamp. If not, the installation detection module 2520 determines that the LED straight lamp is correctly installed on the lamp socket, and the installation detection module 2520 maintains conduction to enable the LED straight lamp to normally operate. That is, when a current flowing through the first mounting detection end and the second mounting detection end is higher than or equal to a mounting set current (or a current value), the mounting detection module judges that the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp holder and conducted, so that the LED straight lamp is operated in a conducting state; when a current flowing through the first installation detection end and the second installation detection end is lower than the installation set current (or current value), the installation detection module judges that the LED straight tube lamp is not correctly installed on the lamp holder and is cut off, so that the LED straight tube lamp enters a non-conduction state or the current on a power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp is limited to be less than 5mA (5MIU based on a verification criterion). In other words, the installation detecting module 2520 determines whether to turn on or off based on the detected impedance, so that the LED straight lamp operates in a conducting state or enters a non-conducting/current-limiting state. Therefore, the problem that a user is electrocuted due to mistakenly touching the conductive part of the LED straight lamp when the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed on the lamp holder can be avoided.
In another exemplary embodiment, since the impedance of the human body may cause the equivalent impedance on the power circuit to change when the human body contacts the lamp, the installation detection module 2520 may determine whether the user contacts the lamp by detecting the voltage change on the power circuit, which may also achieve the above-mentioned anti-electric-shock function. In other words, in the embodiment of the present invention, the installation detection module 2520 can determine whether the lamp tube is correctly installed and whether the user mistakenly touches the conductive portion of the lamp tube when the lamp tube is not correctly installed by detecting the electrical signal (including voltage or current). Furthermore, compared to a conventional LED power module, the power module with the mounting detection module 2520 has an effect of preventing electric shock, so that it is not necessary to provide a safety capacitor (i.e., an X capacitor) at the input end of the rectifier circuit 510 (i.e., between the live line and the neutral line) as in the conventional power circuit design. From the perspective of the equivalent circuit, that is, in the power module configured with the installation detection module 2520, the equivalent capacitance value between the input terminals of the rectifying circuit 510 thereof may be, for example, less than 47 nF. In this embodiment, the power circuit is a current path in the straight tube lamp, that is, a path formed from a pin receiving a first polarity/phase power (e.g., L line) to a pin receiving a second polarity/phase power (e.g., N line) through the LED module via a power line and a circuit element to the LED module. In view of the lamp tube structure with double-end power feeding, the power circuit is formed between the pins on the lamp caps on the two opposite sides of the lamp tube, rather than between the two pins of the lamp caps on the same side.
Fig. 15B is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an LED straight lamp system according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 15A, the installation detection module 2520 of the present embodiment is disposed outside the LED straight tube lamp 500 and located on the power supply path of the external power grid EP, for example, disposed in the lamp socket. When the pins of the straight LED lamp 500 are electrically connected to the external power grid EP, the installation detection module 2520 is serially connected to the power circuit of the straight LED lamp 500 through the corresponding pins 501, so that the installation detection module 2520 can determine whether the straight LED lamp 500 is correctly installed on the lamp socket and/or whether the user is at risk of electric shock by the installation detection method described in the embodiment of fig. 15A.
In another embodiment, the architectures of the embodiments of FIGS. 15A and 15B may be integrated. For example, a plurality of installation detection modules 2520 may be disposed on the LED straight tube lamp system, wherein at least one installation detection module is disposed on the power circuit inside the LED straight tube lamp, and at least another installation detection module is disposed outside the LED straight tube lamp (e.g., in the lamp socket), and is electrically connected to the power circuit of the LED straight tube lamp through the pins on the lamp cap, so as to further improve the electric shock protection effect.
It should be noted that the configuration position of the installation detection module 2520 in fig. 15A is only an implementation example corresponding to the position of the internal switch circuit (refer to the switch circuit 2580/2680/2780/2880/3080 in the following embodiments), which does not mean that all the circuits in the installation detection module 2520 are necessarily disposed at the same position or that the installation detection module 2520 has only two connection terminals to connect with other circuits (e.g., the rectification circuit 510, the filter circuit 520, and the LED lighting module 530). In addition, the installation detection module 2520 (or the switch circuit) is disposed between the rectifying circuit 510 and the filtering circuit 520, which is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In other embodiments, the switch circuit is only required to be disposed at a position capable of controlling the power circuit to be turned on and off, so as to achieve the anti-electric shock effect of the installation detection module 2520. For example, the switch circuit may be disposed between the filter circuit 520 and the driving circuit (1530), or between the driving circuit (1530) and the LED module (630), but the invention is not limited thereto.
Please refer to fig. 16A, which is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating an installation detection module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The mounting detection module includes a switch circuit 2580, a detection pulse (pulse) generation module 2540, a detection result latch circuit 2560, and a detection determination circuit 2570. The detection decision circuit 2570 is coupled to the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 (via the switch coupling terminal 2581 and the switch circuit 2580) to detect a signal between the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 by 1. The detection decision circuit 2570 is also coupled to the detection result latch circuit 2560 via the detection result terminal 2571, so as to transmit the detection result signal to the detection result latch circuit 2560 via the detection result terminal 2571. The detection pulse generating module 2540 is coupled to the detection result latch circuit 2560 through the pulse signal output terminal 2541, and generates a pulse signal to notify the detection result latch circuit 2560 of a timing point of latching the detection result. The detection result latch circuit 2560 latches the detection result according to the detection result signal (or the detection result signal and the pulse signal), and is coupled to the switch circuit 2580 via the detection result latch terminal 2561 to transmit or reflect the detection result to the switch circuit 2580. The switch circuit 2580 determines to turn on or off the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 according to the detection result.
Please refer to fig. 16B, which is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 2640 includes capacitors 2642 (OR called first capacitor), 2645 (OR called second capacitor) and 2646 (OR called third capacitor), resistors 2643 (OR called first resistor), 2647 (OR called second resistor) and 2648 (OR called third resistor), buffers 2644 (OR called first buffer) and 2651 (OR called second buffer), an inverter 2650, a diode 2649 (OR called first diode), and an OR gate 2652 (OR called first OR gate). In use or operation, the capacitor 2642 and the resistor 2643 are connected in series between a driving voltage (e.g., VCC, and often set to a high level) and a reference potential (in this embodiment, a ground potential) at a connection point coupled to the input terminal of the buffer 2644. The resistor 2647 is coupled to a driving Voltage (VCC) and an input terminal of the inverter 2650. The resistor 2648 is coupled between the input terminal of the buffer 2651 and a reference potential (in this embodiment, the ground potential is used as the ground potential). The positive terminal of the diode is connected to ground, and the negative terminal of the diode is also coupled to the input terminal of the buffer 2651. One end of the capacitor 2645 and one end of the capacitor 2646 are commonly coupled to the output end of the buffer 2644, the other end of the capacitor 2645 is connected to the input end of the inverter 2650, and the other end of the capacitor 2646 is coupled to the input end of the buffer 2651. An output of the inverter 2650 and an output of the buffer 2651 are coupled to inputs of the or gate 2652. It should be noted that in this specification, the "high level" and "low level" of a potential are relative to another potential or a reference potential in a circuit, and can be referred to as "logic high level" and "logic low level", respectively.
Fig. 27A is a schematic diagram of a signal timing sequence of a power module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the lamp holder at one end of the LED straight lamp is inserted into the lamp holder and the lamp holder at the other end of the LED straight lamp is in electrical contact with a human body or the lamp holders at the two ends of the LED straight lamp are inserted into the lamp holder (time ts), the LED straight lamp is electrified. At this time, the installation detection module enters a detection stage DTS. The connection point level of the capacitor 2642 and the resistor 2643 is initially high (equal to the driving voltage VCC), then gradually decreases with time, and finally decreases to zero. The input terminal of the buffer 2644 is coupled to the connection point of the capacitor 2642 and the resistor 2643, so that a high-level signal is initially output and is converted into a low-level signal when the connection point of the capacitor 2642 and the resistor 2643 drops to a low logic determination level. That is, the buffer 2644 generates an input pulse signal and then keeps low (stops outputting the input pulse signal). The pulse width of the input pulse signal is equal to a (initially set) time period determined by the capacitance of the capacitor 2642 and the resistance of the resistor 2643.
The operation of the buffer 2644 for generating the pulse signal for a set time period is described next. Since one end of the capacitor 2645 and the resistor 2647 is equal to the driving voltage VCC, the connection end of the capacitor 2645 and the resistor 2647 is also at the high level. In addition, one end of the resistor 2648 is connected to ground, and one end of the capacitor 2646 receives the pulse signal of the buffer 2644. The connection between the capacitor 2646 and the resistor 2648 is initially at a high level and then gradually decreases to zero over time (while the capacitor stores a voltage equal to or close to the driving voltage VCC). Therefore, the inverter 2650 outputs a low signal, and the buffer 2651 outputs a high signal, so that the or gate 2652 outputs a high signal (the first pulse signal DP1) at the pulse signal output terminal 2541. At this time, the detection result latch circuit 2560 latches the detection result for the first time based on the detection result signal and the pulse signal. When the level of the connection end of the capacitor 2646 and the resistor 2648 drops to the low logic determination level, the buffer 2651 is converted to output a low level signal, so that the or gate 2652 outputs the low level signal at the pulse signal output end 2541 (stops outputting the first pulse signal DP 1). The pulse width of the pulse signal output by the or gate 2652 is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor 2646 and the resistance of the resistor 2648.
Then, since the capacitor 2646 stores a voltage close to the driving voltage VCC, at the moment when the output of the buffer 2644 changes from the high level to the low level, the level of the connection terminal between the capacitor 2646 and the resistor 2648 is lower than zero, and the diode 2649 charges the capacitor quickly to pull back the level of the connection terminal to zero. Therefore, the buffer 2651 still keeps outputting the low level signal.
On the other hand, at the moment when the output of the buffer 2644 changes from the high level to the low level, the level of one end of the capacitor 2645 is instantaneously reduced to zero by the driving voltage VCC, so that the connection end of the capacitor 2645 and the resistor 2647 is at the low level. The output signal of the inverter 2650 goes high, and the or gate outputs high (the second pulse signal DP 2). At this time, the detection result latch circuit 2560 latches the detection result for the second time based on the detection result signal and the pulse signal. Then, the resistor 2647 charges the capacitor 2645, so that the level of the connection end of the capacitor 2645 and the resistor 2647 gradually rises to be equal to the driving voltage VCC with time. When the level of the connection end of the capacitor 2645 and the resistor 2647 rises to the high logic determination level, the inverter 2650 outputs the low level again, so that the or gate 2652 stops outputting the second pulse signal DP 2. The pulse width of the second pulse signal is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor 2645 and the resistance of the resistor 2647.
As described above, the detection pulse generating module 2640 generates two high-level pulse signals, the first pulse signal DP1 and the second pulse signal DP2, output from the pulse signal output terminal 2541 during the detection phase, and the interval between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is a set time interval TIV, which is mainly determined by the capacitance of the capacitor 2642 and the resistance of the resistor 2643.
After the detection stage DTS, the operation stage DRS is entered, and the detection pulse generation module 2640 does not generate the pulse signal DP1/DP2 any more, but maintains the pulse signal output terminal 2541 at the low level. Fig. 16C is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection and determination circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection determining circuit 2670 includes a comparator 2671 (or first comparator) and a resistor 2672 (or fifth resistor). The inverting terminal of the comparator 2671 receives the reference level signal Vref, and the non-inverting terminal is grounded via the resistor 2672 and is coupled to the switch coupling terminal 2581. Referring to fig. 15, a signal flowing from the first mounting detection terminal 2521 to the switch circuit 2580 is output through the switch coupling terminal 2581 and flows through the resistor 2672. When the current flowing through the resistor 2672 is too large (i.e. higher than or equal to the installation setting current, e.g. the current value 2A) and the level of the resistor 2672 is higher than the level of the reference level signal Vref (which may correspond to the two lamp caps being correctly inserted into the lamp sockets), the comparator 2671 generates a detection result signal with a high level and outputs the detection result signal from the detection result terminal 2571. For example, when the LED straight lamp is correctly installed in the lamp socket, the comparator 2671 outputs the detection result signal Sdr with a high level at the detection result terminal 2571. When the current flowing through the resistor 2672 is insufficient to make the level of the resistor 2672 higher than the level of the reference level signal Vref (which may correspond to only one of the lamps being correctly inserted into the lamp socket), the comparator 2671 generates a low-level detection result signal Sdr and outputs the low-level detection result signal Sdr from the detection result terminal 2571. For example, when the LED straight lamp is not properly mounted in the lamp socket, or when one end of the LED straight lamp is mounted in the lamp socket and the other end of the LED straight lamp is grounded through a human body, the current is too small, so that the comparator 2671 outputs the detection result signal Sdr with a low level at the detection result end 2571.
Fig. 16D is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection result latch circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection result latch circuit 2660 includes a D Flip-flop (D Flip-flop)2661 (or called a first D Flip-flop), a resistor 2662 (or called a fourth resistor), and an or gate 2663 (or called a second or gate). The D-type flip-flop 2661 has a clock input terminal (CLK) coupled to the detection result terminal 2571, and an input terminal D coupled to the driving voltage VCC. When the detection result terminal 2571 outputs the low-level detection result signal Sdr, the D-type flip-flop 2661 outputs a low-level signal at the output terminal Q; when the detection result terminal 2571 outputs the detection result signal with high level, the D-type flip-flop 2661 outputs a high level signal at the output terminal Q. The resistor 2662 is coupled between the output Q of the D-type flip-flop 2661 and a reference potential (e.g., a ground potential). When the or gate 2663 receives the first pulse signal DP1 or the second pulse signal DP2 output by the pulse signal output terminal 2541 or the high level signal output by the output terminal Q of the D-type flip-flop 2661, the detection result latch signal of high level is output by the detection result latch terminal 2561. Since the detection pulse generating module 2640 only outputs the first pulse signal DP1 or the second pulse signal DP2 during the detection stage DTS, the main or gate 2663 outputs the high-level detection result latch signal, and the D-type flip-flop 2661 mainly outputs the detection result latch signal at the high level or the low level for the rest of the time (including the operation stage DRS after the detection stage DTS). Therefore, when the detection result signal Sdr with the high level is not present at the detection result terminal 2571, the D-type flip-flop 2661 maintains the low level signal at the output terminal Q, and the detection result latch terminal 2561 also maintains the low level detection result latch signal at the operation stage DRS. On the contrary, when the detection result signal Sdr appears at the high level once at the detection result terminal 2571, the D-type flip-flop 2661 latches the detection result signal Sdr to maintain the high level signal at the output terminal Q. In this way, the detection result latch terminal 2561 maintains the high level detection result latch signal even when entering the operation phase DRS.
Fig. 16E is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The switch circuit 2680 may include a transistor (transistor), such as a bipolar junction transistor 2681 (or first transistor) as a power transistor. Power transistors are capable of handling high currents and power, and are used in particular in switching circuits. The bipolar junction transistor 2681 has a collector coupled to the first mounting detection terminal 2521, a base coupled to the detection result latch terminal 2561, and an emitter switch coupled to the terminal 2581. When the detection pulse generating module 2640 generates the first pulse signal DP1 or the second pulse signal DP2, the bjt 2681 is turned on briefly, so that the detection determining circuit 2670 performs detection to determine whether the detection result latch signal is at the high level or the low level. When the detection result latch circuit 2660 outputs the detection result latch signal with high level at the detection result latch terminal 2561, it indicates that the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp socket, and therefore the bjt 2681 is turned on to turn on the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 (i.e., turn on the power supply circuit). At this time, a driving circuit (not shown) in the power module is activated and starts to operate based on the voltage on the power loop, and then generates a lighting control signal Slc to switch a power switch (not shown), so that a driving current can be generated and light the LED module. Conversely, when the detection result latch circuit 2660 outputs the detection result latch signal of low level at the detection result latch terminal 2561, the bjt 2681 turns off to turn off the connection between the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522. At this time, the driving circuit in the power supply module is not activated, and thus the lighting control signal Slc is not generated.
Since the external driving signal Sed is an ac signal, it is avoided that the detection of the detection determining circuit 2670 is performed when the level of the external driving signal is just near the zero point, which causes a detection error. Therefore, the detection pulse generating module 2640 generates the first pulse signal DP1 and the second pulse signal DP2 to enable the detection determining circuit 2670 to detect twice, so as to avoid the problem that the level of the external driving signal is just near the zero point during a single detection. Preferably, the generation time difference between the first pulse signal DP1 and the second pulse signal DP2 is not an integer multiple of half the period T of the external driving signal Sed, i.e. not an integer multiple of 180 degree phase difference corresponding to the external driving signal Sed. In this way, when one of the first pulse signal DP1 and the second pulse signal DP2 is generated, the external drive signal Sed is prevented from being near the zero point even when the other one is generated.
The set time interval TIV, which is the difference between the generation times of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, may be expressed as follows:
TIV＝(X+Y)(T/2)
wherein T is the period of the external driving signal, X is an integer greater than or equal to zero, and 0< Y < 1.
Y is preferably in the range of 0.05-0.95, more preferably 0.15-0.85.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of the embodiments, the configuration for generating two pulse signals for installation detection is only an exemplary implementation of the detection pulse generation module. In practical applications, the detection pulse generating module may be configured to generate one or more pulse signals for installation and detection, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Moreover, in order to avoid that the level of the driving voltage VCC is too low when the mounting detection module enters the detection stage DTS, the logic judgment of the circuit of the mounting detection module starts to increase erroneously. The first pulse signal DP1 is generated when the driving voltage VCC reaches or is higher than a predetermined level, so that the detection and determination circuit 2670 is only performed after the driving voltage VCC reaches a sufficient level, thereby avoiding a logic determination error of the circuit in which the detection module is installed due to insufficient level.
As can be seen from the above description, when one end of the LED straight lamp is inserted into the lamp holder and the other end of the LED straight lamp is in a floating state or in electrical contact with a human body, the impedance is large, so that the detection determination circuit outputs the low-level detection result signal Sdr. The detection result latch circuit latches the low level detection result signal Sdr into the low level detection result latch signal according to the pulse signals DP1/DP2 of the detection pulse generation block, and maintains the detection result even in the operation phase DRS. Thus, the switch circuit can be kept off to avoid continuous power-on. Thus, the possibility of electric shock of the human body can be avoided, and the requirement of safety regulations can be met. When the lamp caps at two ends of the LED straight lamp are correctly inserted into the lamp holder (time td), the detection determining circuit outputs the high-level detection result signal Sdr due to the small impedance of the circuit of the LED straight lamp. The detection result latch circuit latches the detection result signal Sdr with a high level into a detection result latch signal with a high level according to the pulse signal DP1/DP2 of the detection pulse generation module, and maintains the detection result during the operation stage DRS. Therefore, the switch circuit can be kept on and continuously electrified, so that the LED straight lamp can normally operate in the operation stage DRS.
In other words, in some embodiments, when the lamp cap at one end of the LED straight lamp is inserted into the lamp holder and the lamp cap at the other end of the LED straight lamp is in a floating or electrical contact with a human body, the detection determining circuit inputs the low level detection result signal Sdr to the detection result latch circuit, and then the detection pulse generating module outputs a low level signal to the detection result latch circuit, so that the detection result latch circuit outputs a low level detection result latch signal to turn off the switch circuit, wherein the turn-off of the switch circuit turns off the connection between the first installation detecting terminal and the second installation detecting terminal, i.e., the LED straight lamp enters a non-conducting state.
In some embodiments, when the two lamp caps of the LED straight lamp are correctly inserted into the lamp holder, the detection and determination circuit inputs the detection result signal with a high level to the detection result latch circuit, so that the detection result latch circuit outputs a detection result latch signal with a high level to turn on the switch circuit, wherein the turning on of the switch circuit turns on the first mounting detection terminal and the second mounting detection terminal, that is, the LED straight lamp is operated in a conducting state.
As described above, in terms of the installation process of the user, after the LED straight lamp described in this embodiment is installed and powered on (whether correctly installed or incorrectly installed), since the installation detection module inside the LED straight lamp performs the pulse generation operation to detect the installation state of the LED straight lamp, and the power loop is turned on to provide the driving current sufficient to light the LED module after confirming that the LED straight lamp is correctly installed, the LED straight lamp will not be lit (i.e., the power loop will not be turned on, or the current on the power loop is limited to be less than 5mA/MIU) at least before the first pulse is generated. In practical applications, the time required for the first pulse generation after the LED straight tube lamp is installed and energized is substantially greater than or equal to 100 milliseconds (ms). In other words, the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment will not be lit for at least 100ms after being installed and energized. In addition, in an embodiment, since the installation detection module continuously sends out pulses to detect the installation state before the LED straight lamp is correctly installed, if the LED straight lamp is not lighted after one pulse is generated (i.e., is not determined to be correctly installed), the LED straight lamp may be lighted at least after the set time interval TIV is generated (i.e., after the next pulse is generated). In other words, if the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment is not lit for 100ms after the power is turned on, it is not lit for a period of 100ms + TIV. It should be noted that "the LED straight tube lamp is powered" herein means that an external power source (such as a commercial power) is applied to the straight tube lamp, and a power loop of the LED straight tube lamp is electrically connected to a ground level (ground), so as to generate a voltage difference on the power loop. The LED straight tube lamp is electrically connected to the ground level through a grounding circuit of the lamp; the incorrect installation of the LED straight lamp means that an external power source is applied to the LED straight lamp, but the LED straight lamp is not electrically connected to the ground level only through a grounding circuit of the lamp, but is connected to the ground level through a human body or other impedance objects, that is, in an incorrect installation state, an unexpected impedance object is connected in series on a current path.
It is noted that the pulse width of the pulse signal DP1/DP2 generated by the detection pulse generation module is between 1us and 1ms, and the effect of the pulse signal is to turn on the switch circuit for a short time only when the LED straight tube lamp is powered on. Thus, a pulse current can be generated and flows through the detection judgment circuit to carry out detection judgment. Because the pulse of short time is generated to conduct non-conduction for a long time, the danger of electric shock is not caused. Furthermore, the detection result latch circuit maintains the detection result during the operation stage DRS, and the detection result latched previously is not changed due to the change of the circuit state, thereby avoiding the problem caused by the change of the detection result. The installation detection module (namely the switch circuit, the detection pulse generation module, the detection result latch circuit and the detection judgment circuit) can be integrated into a chip, so that the installation detection module can be embedded into a circuit, and the circuit cost and the volume of the installation detection module can be saved. In one embodiment, the pulse width of the pulse signal DP1/DP2 may be further between 10us and 1 ms; in another embodiment, the pulse width of the pulse signal DP1/DP2 may be further between 15us and 30 us; in another embodiment, the pulse width of the pulse signal DP1/DP2 may be 20 us.
In the definition of an embodiment, the pulse/pulse signal is a signal change of a sharp voltage or current which occurs briefly during a continuous signal time, i.e. the signal changes abruptly in a short time and then returns to its initial value again quickly. Therefore, the pulse signal may be a voltage or current signal that returns to the low level after being converted from the low level to the high level for a period of time, or a voltage or current signal that is converted from the high level to the low level, which is not limited by the present invention. The period corresponding to the "signal change which occurs temporarily" is the period which is not enough to change the operation state of the whole LED straight tube lamp and does not cause electric shock hazard to human bodies. For example: when the pulse signal DP1/DP2 is used to turn on the switch circuit 2580/2680, the turn-on period of the switch circuit 2580/2680 is short enough that the LED module is not lit and the effective current on the power supply loop is not greater than the current limit setting (5 MIU). As used herein, a "sharp signal change" is a change in signal that is sufficient to cause an electronic component receiving the pulse signal to change operating state in response to the pulse signal. For example: when the switch circuit 2580/2680 receives the pulse signals DP1/DP2, the switch circuit 2580/2680 is turned on or off in response to the level switching of the pulse signals DP1/DP 2.
Incidentally, although the detection pulse generating module 2640 is described as generating two pulse signals DP1 and DP2, the detection pulse generating module 2540 of the present invention is not limited thereto. The detection pulse generating module 2540 can be a circuit for generating a single pulse or a circuit for independently generating a plurality of pulses.
In the embodiment where the detection pulse generating module 2540 generates a single pulse, a simple circuit configuration of an RC circuit in combination with an active device/active device may be used to realize the single pulse output. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the detection pulse generating module 2640 may only include the capacitor 2642, the resistor 2643 and the buffer 2644. Under this configuration, the detection pulse generating module 2640 only generates the single pulse signal DP 1.
In an embodiment where the detection pulse generating module 2540 generates a plurality of pulses, the detection pulse generating module 2640 may further include a reset circuit (not shown), and the reset circuit may reset an operating state of the circuit after the first pulse signal and/or the second pulse signal is generated, so that the detection pulse generating module 2640 may generate the first pulse signal and/or the second pulse signal again after a period of time. That is, the reset circuit can enable the detection pulse generating module 2640 to generate a plurality of pulse signals according to a fixed or random set time interval TIV. The pulse signals generated according to the fixed set time interval TIV can also be generated for example, one pulse signal (i.e. 0.5. ltoreq. TIV. ltoreq.2) at fixed intervals of 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds, wherein the pulse signals generated according to the random set time interval TIV can be, for example, a random set value in which the set time interval TIV between each adjacent pulse signals is selected from the interval of 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds.
More specifically, the timing and frequency of the pulse signal generated by the detection pulse generating module 2540 for installation detection can be set accordingly in consideration of the influence of the detection current on the human body during the detection phase. Generally speaking, as long as the magnitude and duration of the current passing through the human body meet the specifications, even if the current passes through the contact person, the person cannot feel the electric shock, and the personal safety is not harmed. The current magnitude and the duration are approximately in negative correlation with the harm to the human body, namely on the premise that the human body safety is not harmed by the passing current, the larger the passing current is, the shorter the electrifying duration needs to be; on the contrary, if the passing current is small, the power can be continuously supplied for a long time without causing harm to human bodies. In other words, whether a human body is actually harmed by an electric shock is to see the amount of current (or electric power) applied to the human body per unit time, not just the amount of current flowing through the human body.
In some embodiments, the detection pulse generating module 2540 may be configured to send out a pulse signal only during a specific time interval for installation detection, and stop sending out the pulse signal after the time interval is exceeded to avoid human hazard caused by the detection current. As shown in fig. 27D, fig. 27D is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a detected current according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the horizontal axis of the diagram is time (denoted by t) and the vertical axis is a current value (denoted by I). In the detection phase, the detection pulse module 2540 sends out a pulse signal during the detection time interval (the pulse width and the set time interval of the pulse signal can refer to other related embodiments), so that the detection path/power loop is turned on. Since the detection path/power loop is turned on, the detection current Iin (obtained by measuring the input current of the power module) generates corresponding current pulses Idp in response to the pulse generation time of the pulse signal, wherein the detection determining circuit 2570 determines whether the LED straight-tube lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp socket by detecting the current values of the current pulses Idp. After the detection time interval Tw, the detection pulse generation module 2540 stops sending the pulse signal, so that the detection path/power loop is turned off. In a larger time dimension, the detecting pulse generating module 2540 generates a pulse group DPg during the detecting time interval Tw, and determines whether the LED straight lamp is properly mounted on the lamp socket by detecting the pulse group DPg. In other words, in the embodiment, the detection pulse generating module 2540 only sends out the pulse signal within the detection time interval Tw, wherein the detection time interval Tw can be set to be 0.5 seconds to 2 seconds and includes any decimal two-digit numerical value point between 0.5 seconds and 2 seconds, such as 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, …, 0.6, 0.61, 0.62, … 1.97.97, 1.98, 1.99, 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It should be noted that by properly selecting the detection time interval Tw, the detection operation of the pulse group DPg will not generate enough electric power to harm human body, so as to achieve the effect of preventing electric shock.
In circuit design, a plurality of different circuit embodiments can be used to make the detection pulse generation module 2540 only send out the detection signal during the detection time interval Tw. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the detecting pulse generating module 2540 can be implemented by using a pulse generating circuit (as shown in fig. 16B and 17B) and a timing circuit (not shown), wherein the timing circuit outputs a signal to notify the pulse generating circuit to stop generating pulses after counting a certain period. In another exemplary embodiment, the detecting pulse generating module 2540 may be implemented by using a pulse generating circuit (as shown in fig. 16B and 17B) and a signal shielding circuit (not shown), wherein the signal shielding circuit may shield the pulse signal output by the pulse generating circuit by pulling the output of the pulse generating circuit to ground after a predetermined time. With this configuration, the signal shielding circuit can be realized by a simple circuit (e.g., an RC circuit) without changing the design of the original pulse generating circuit.
In some embodiments, the detection pulse generating module 2540 may be configured to send out the next pulse signal at least one set time interval greater than or equal to a specific safety value each time the pulse signal is sent out, so as to prevent the detection current from causing human harm. As shown in fig. 27E, fig. 27E is a schematic diagram of a waveform of the detection current according to the second embodiment of the present invention. During the detection phase, the detection pulse generating module 2540 may send out pulse signals at a set time interval TIVs greater than a specific safety value (e.g., 1 second) (the pulse width of the pulse signals may be set according to other related embodiments), so that the detection path/power loop is turned on. Since the detection path/power loop is turned on, the detection current Iin (obtained by measuring the input current of the power module) generates corresponding current pulses Idp in response to the pulse generation time of the pulse signal, wherein the detection determining circuit 2570 determines whether the LED straight-tube lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp socket by detecting the current values of the current pulses Idp.
In some embodiments, the detection pulse generating module 2540 may be configured to send out a pulse group for installation detection every a set time interval greater than or equal to a specific safety value, so as to prevent the detection current from causing human body damage. As shown in fig. 27F, fig. 27F is a schematic diagram of a waveform of the detection current according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the detection phase, the detection pulse generating module 2540 firstly sends out a plurality of pulse signals (the pulse width and the set time interval of the pulse signals can refer to other related embodiments) in the first detection time interval Tw, so that the detection path/power loop is turned on. At this time, the detection current Iin generates a plurality of corresponding current pulses Idp in response to the pulse generation time of the pulse signal, and the current pulses Idp in the first detection time interval Tw form a first pulse group DPg 1. After the first detection time interval Tw, the detection pulse generating module 2540 stops outputting the pulse signal for a set time interval TIVs (e.g., greater than or equal to 1 second), and sends the pulse signal again after entering the next detection time interval Tw. Similar to the operation of the first detection time interval Tw, the detection currents Iin in the second detection time interval Tw and the third detection time interval Tw form a second pulse group DPg2 and a third pulse group DPg3, respectively, wherein the detection decision circuit 2570 determines whether the LED straight tube lamp is properly mounted on the lamp holder by detecting the current values of the pulse groups DPg1, DPg2, and DPg 3.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, the current magnitude of the current pulse Idp is related to the impedance on the detection path/power loop. Therefore, when the detection pulse generating module 2540 is designed, the format of the output pulse signal can be designed according to the selection and setting of the detection path/power circuit.
Fig. 17A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module includes a detection pulse generation module 2740, a detection result latch circuit 2760, a switch circuit 2780, and a detection determination circuit 2770. Fig. 27B is a schematic diagram of a signal timing sequence of a power module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 2740 is electrically connected to the detection result latching circuit 2760, and is configured to generate a control signal Sc including at least one pulse signal DP. The detection result latch circuit 2760 is electrically connected to the switch circuit 2780 for receiving and outputting the control signal Sc output by the detection pulse generation module 2740. The switch circuit 2780 is electrically connected to one end of the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp and the detection determining circuit 2770, respectively, for receiving the control signal Sc output by the detection result latch circuit 2760 and conducting during the pulse signal DP, so that the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp is conducted. The detection determination circuit 2770 is electrically connected to the switch circuit 2780, the other end of the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp, and the detection result latch circuit 2760, respectively, and is configured to detect a sampling signal Ssp on the power supply circuit when the switch circuit 2780 is connected to the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp, so as to determine an installation state of the LED straight tube lamp and the lamp holder. In other words, the power circuit of the present embodiment is used as a detection path for installing the detection module (the aforementioned embodiment of fig. 16A is also configured similarly). The detection determining circuit 2770 further transmits the detection result to the detection result latch circuit 2760 for further control; in addition, the detection pulse generating module 2740 is further electrically connected to the output of the detection result latching circuit 2760, so as to control the time of turning off the pulse signal DP. The detailed circuit architecture and the overall circuit operation will be described in the following.
In some embodiments, the detection pulse generating module 2740 generates a control signal Sc via the detection result latch circuit 2760, so that the switch circuit 2780 operates in a conducting state during the pulse. Meanwhile, the power circuit of the LED straight lamp between the mounting detection ends 2521 and 2522 is also turned on at the same time. The detection decision circuit 2770 detects a sampling signal on the power supply circuit, and notifies the detection result latch circuit 2760 of a point in time to latch the detection signal based on the detected signal. For example, the detection determining circuit 2770 may be, for example, a circuit for generating an output level for controlling the latch circuit, wherein the output level of the latch circuit corresponds to the on/off state of the LED straight lamp. The detection result latch circuit 2760 stores the detection result according to the sampling signal Ssp (or the sampling signal Ssp and the pulse signal DP), and transmits or provides the detection result to the switch circuit 2780. After the switch circuit 2780 receives the detection result transmitted by the detection result latch circuit 2760, the conduction state between the mounting detection terminals 2521 and 2522 is controlled according to the detection result.
Fig. 17B is a schematic diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 2740 includes: a resistor 2742 (sixth resistor) having one end connected to a driving voltage; a capacitor 2743 (a fourth capacitor), one end of which is connected to the other end of the resistor 2742, and the other end of the capacitor 2743 is grounded; a schmitt trigger 2744 having an input terminal connected to the connection terminal of the resistor 2742 and the capacitor 2743 and an output terminal connected to the detection result latch circuit 2760; a resistor 2745 (seventh resistor) having one end connected to the connection end of the resistor 2742 and the capacitor 2743; a transistor 2746 (second transistor) having a base terminal, a collector terminal and an emitter terminal, the collector terminal being connected to the other end of the resistor 2745, the emitter terminal being grounded; and a resistor 2747 (eighth resistor) having one end connected to the base terminal of the transistor 2746, and the other end of the resistor 2747 connected to the detection result latch circuit 2760 and the switch circuit 2780. The detection pulse generating module 2740 further includes a zener diode 2748 having an anode terminal connected to the other end of the capacitor 2743 and a cathode terminal connected to the end of the capacitor 2743 connected to the resistor 2742. The circuits of the detection pulse generating module in the embodiment of fig. 16B and the embodiment of the present invention are only examples, and actually, the specific operations of the detection pulse generating circuit are performed based on the functional modules configured in the embodiment of fig. 28, which will be further described in the embodiment of fig. 28.
Fig. 17D is a schematic diagram of a detection result latch circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection result latch circuit 2760 includes: a D-type flip-flop 2762 (a second D-type flip-flop) having a data input terminal, a frequency input terminal and an output terminal, the data input terminal being connected to the driving voltage, the frequency input terminal being connected to the detection and determination circuit 2770; and an or gate 2763 (third or gate) having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the smith trigger 2744, a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the D-type flip-flop 2762, and an output terminal of the or gate 2763 connected to the other terminal of the resistor 2747 and the switch circuit 2780.
Fig. 17E is a schematic diagram of a switch circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The switching circuit 2780 includes: a transistor 2782 (third transistor) having a base terminal connected to the output terminal of the or gate 2763, a collector terminal connected to one end of the LED power loop (e.g., the first mounting detection terminal 2521), and an emitter terminal connected to the detection decision circuit 2770. The transistor 2782 can also be replaced by equivalent elements of other electronic switches, such as: MOSFETs, etc.
Fig. 17C is a schematic diagram of a detection and determination circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection decision circuit 2770 includes: a resistor 2774 (ninth resistor) having one end connected to the emitter end of the transistor 2782, and the other end of the resistor 2774 connected to the other end of the LED power loop (e.g., the second mounting detection end 2522); a diode 2775 (second diode) having an anode terminal connected to one end of the resistor 2744 and a cathode terminal; a comparator 2772 (second comparator) having a first input terminal connected to a set signal (e.g., a reference voltage Vref, in this embodiment, 1.3V, but not limited thereto), a second input terminal connected to the cathode terminal of the diode 2775, and an output terminal connected to the frequency input terminal of the D-type flip-flop 2762; a comparator 2773 (third comparator) having a first input terminal connected to the cathode terminal of the diode 2775, a second input terminal connected to another setting signal (e.g., another reference voltage Vref, 0.3V in this embodiment, but not limited thereto), and an output terminal connected to the frequency input terminal of the D-type flip-flop 2762; a resistor 2776 (tenth resistor) having one end connected to the driving voltage; a resistor 2777 (eleventh resistor), one end of which is connected to the other end of the resistor 2776 and the second input end of the comparator 2772, and the other end of the resistor 2777 is grounded; and a capacitor 2778 (fifth capacitor) connected in parallel with resistor 2777. In some embodiments, the diode 2775, the comparator 2773, the resistor 2776, the resistor 2777, and the capacitor 2778 may be omitted, and when the diode 2775 is omitted, the second input terminal of the comparator 2772 is directly connected to one end of the resistor 2774. In some embodiments, the resistor 2774 may be a parallel connection of two resistors with equivalent resistance values including 0.1 ohm to 5 ohm, depending on power considerations.
It is noted that, some circuits of the installation detection module can be integrated into an integrated circuit, thereby saving the circuit cost and volume of the installation detection module. For example: the two comparators 2772 and 2773 of the smith trigger 2744, the detection result latch circuit 2760, and the detection determination circuit 2770 of the integrated detection pulse generation module 2740 are integrated on an integrated circuit, which is not limited to this embodiment of the invention.
The overall circuit operation of the installation detection module will be described below. Firstly, the utility model utilizes the principle that the capacitor voltage does not have sudden change; before a capacitor in a power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp is conducted, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is zero and the transient response is in a short-circuit state; when the power supply loop is correctly installed on the lamp holder, the transient response current-limiting resistor is small and the response peak current is large, when the power supply loop is incorrectly installed on the lamp holder, the principles of large transient response current-limiting resistor and small response peak current are implemented, and the leakage current of the LED straight tube lamp is smaller than 5 MIU. The following compares the current amounts of the LED straight lamp in normal operation (i.e. the lamp caps at both ends of the LED straight lamp are correctly installed in the lamp holders) and in the lamp replacement test (i.e. one end of the LED straight lamp is installed in the lamp holder and the other end of the LED straight lamp contacts the human body) in one embodiment:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002415751600000581
in the denominator part, Rfuse is a fuse resistance value (10 ohm) of the LED straight tube lamp, and 500 ohm is a resistance value simulating the transient response of the conductive characteristic of a human body; in the molecular part, the maximum voltage value (305 x 1.414) and the minimum voltage difference value 50V of the voltage root mean square value 90V-305V are taken. From the above embodiments, it can be known that if the lamp caps at the two ends of the LED straight lamp are correctly installed in the lamp holders, the minimum transient current during normal operation is 5A; however, when the lamp cap at one end of the LED straight lamp is installed in the lamp holder and the lamp cap at the other end of the LED straight lamp is in contact with a human body, the maximum transient current of the LED straight lamp is only 845 mA. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the transient response current flowing through the capacitor (e.g., the filter capacitor of the filter circuit) in the LED power circuit to detect the installation status of the LED straight tube lamp and the lamp holder, i.e., detect whether the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed in the lamp holder, and further provide a protection mechanism to avoid the problem of electric shock caused by the user mistakenly touching the conductive portion of the LED straight tube lamp when the LED straight tube lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp holder. The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention and are not used to limit the practice of the present invention.
Next, referring to fig. 17A again, when the LED straight lamp is replaced in the lamp holder, the detection pulse generating module 2740 outputs a first high voltage after a period of time (the period of time determines the pulse period) from a first low voltage, and outputs the first high voltage to the detection result latch circuit 2760 through a path 2741. After receiving the first high level voltage, the detection result latch circuit 2760 outputs a second high level voltage to the switch circuit 2780 and the detection pulse generation module 2740 through a path 2761. When the switch circuit 2780 receives the second high level voltage, the switch circuit 2780 is turned on to turn on a power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the switch circuit 2780, the path 2781, the detection determination circuit 2770, and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight lamp; at the same time, the detection pulse generating module 2740 outputs a period of time (the period of time determines the pulse width) after receiving the second high-level voltage returned by the detection result latch circuit 2760, and the voltage drops from the first high-level voltage back to the first low-level voltage (the first low-level voltage, the first high-level voltage, and the second low-level voltage form a first pulse signal DP 1). When the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is turned on, the detection and determination circuit 2770 detects a first sampling signal SP1 (e.g., a voltage signal) on the circuit, and when the first sampling signal SP1 is greater than and/or equal to a setting signal (e.g., a reference voltage Vref), according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed in the lamp holder, so the detection and determination circuit 2770 outputs a third high level voltage (the first high level signal) to the detection result latch circuit 2760 through a path 2771. The detection result latch circuit 2760 receives the third high level voltage and then outputs and maintains a second high level voltage (a second high level signal) to the switch circuit 2780, and the switch circuit 2780 receives the second high level voltage and then maintains conduction to maintain conduction of the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp, during which the detection pulse generation module 2740 does not generate pulse output any more.
When the first sampling signal SP1 is smaller than the setting signal, according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp holder, and therefore the detection and determination circuit 2770 outputs a third low level voltage (a first low level signal) to the detection result latch circuit 2760. The detection result latch circuit 2760 receives the third low level voltage and then outputs and maintains a second low level voltage (a second low level signal) to the switch circuit 2780, and the switch circuit 2780 receives the second low level voltage and then maintains the off state so as to maintain the open circuit of the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp. In this case, the problem that a user gets an electric shock due to mistakenly touching the conductive part of the LED straight lamp when the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp holder is avoided.
After the power supply circuit of the LED straight lamp is kept open for a period of time (i.e., a pulse period time), the output of the detection pulse generating module 2740 is increased from the first low level voltage to the first high level voltage again, and is output to the detection result latch circuit 2760 through the path 2741. After receiving the first high level voltage, the detection result latch circuit 2760 outputs a second high level voltage to the switch circuit 2780 and the detection pulse generation module 2740 through the path 2761. When the switch circuit 2780 receives the second high level voltage, the switch circuit 2780 is turned on again, so that the power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the switch circuit 2780, the path 2781, the detection determination circuit 2770, and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight tube lamp is also turned on again; at the same time, the detection pulse generating module 2740 outputs a time period after receiving the second high-level voltage returned by the detection result latch circuit 2760 (the time period determines the pulse width), and the voltage drops from the first high-level voltage back to a first low-level voltage (the third first low-level voltage, the second first high-level voltage and the fourth first low-level voltage form a second pulse signal DP 2). When the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is turned on again, the detection and determination circuit 2770 also detects a second sampling signal SP2 (e.g., a voltage signal) on the circuit again, and when the second sampling signal SP2 is greater than and/or equal to the setting signal (e.g., a reference voltage Vref), according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed in the lamp holder, so the detection and determination circuit 2770 outputs a third high level voltage (a first high level signal) to the detection result latch circuit 2760 via the path 2771. The detection result latch circuit 2760 receives the third high level voltage to output and maintain a second high level voltage (a second high level signal) to the switch circuit 2780, and the switch circuit 2780 receives the second high level voltage to maintain conduction so as to maintain conduction of the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp, during which the detection pulse generation module 2740 does not generate pulse output any more.
When the second sampling signal SP2 is smaller than the setting signal, according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp socket, and therefore the detection and determination circuit 2770 outputs a third low level voltage (the first low level signal) to the detection result latch circuit 2760. The detection result latch circuit 2760 receives the third low level voltage to output and maintain a second low level voltage (a second low level signal) to the switch circuit 2780, and the switch circuit 2780 receives the second low level voltage to maintain the cut-off state, so that the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp maintains the open circuit.
In the example of fig. 27B, since the first sampling signal SP1 generated based on the first pulse signal DP1 and the second sampling signal SP2 generated based on the second pulse signal DP2 are both less than the reference voltage Vref, the switch circuit 2780 is kept in the off state during this period, and the driving circuit (not shown) is not activated. Until the third pulse signal DP3 is generated, since the detection determining circuit 2770 generates the detection result that the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed according to the third sampling signal SP3 higher than the reference voltage Vref, the switch circuit 2780 maintains the high level voltage outputted by the detection result latch circuit 2760 in the on state to maintain the power loop in the on state. At this time, the driving circuit in the power module is activated and starts to operate based on the voltage on the power loop, and then generates a lighting control signal Slc to switch a power switch (not shown), so that a driving current can be generated and light the LED module.
Next, referring to fig. 17B to 17E, when the LED straight lamp is replaced with the lamp holder, a driving voltage charges the capacitor 2743 through the resistor 2742, and when the voltage of the capacitor 2743 rises enough to trigger the schmitt trigger 2744, the schmitt trigger 2744 changes from an initial first low level voltage to a first high level voltage and outputs the first high level voltage to an input terminal of the or gate 2763. After the or gate 2763 receives the first high voltage from the smith trigger 2744, the or gate 2763 outputs a second high voltage to the base of the transistor 2782 and the resistor 2747. When the base terminal of the transistor 2782 receives the second high-level voltage outputted from the or gate 2763, the collector terminal and the emitter terminal of the transistor 2782 are turned on, so that the power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the transistor 2782, the resistor 2774 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight tube lamp is turned on; at the same time, after the base terminal of the transistor 2746 receives the second high level voltage outputted from the or gate 2763 through the resistor 2747, the collector terminal and the emitter terminal of the transistor 2746 are connected to ground, so that the voltage of the capacitor 2743 is discharged to ground through the resistor 2745, and when the voltage of the capacitor 2743 is not enough to trigger the smith trigger 2744, the output of the smith trigger 2744 is reduced from the first high level voltage back to the first low level voltage (the first low level voltage, the first high level voltage and the second first low level voltage form a first pulse signal). When the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is turned on, the current flowing through the capacitor (e.g., the filter capacitor of the filter circuit) in the LED power supply circuit through the transient response flows through the transistor 2782 and the resistor 2774, and forms a voltage signal on the resistor 2774, which is compared with a reference voltage (in this embodiment, 1.3V, but not limited thereto) via the comparator 2772, when the voltage signal is greater than and/or equal to the reference voltage, the comparator 2772 outputs a third high level voltage to the clock input CLK of the D-type flip-flop 2762, meanwhile, since the data input terminal D of the D-type flip-flop 2762 is connected to the driving voltage, the output terminal Q of the D-type flip-flop 2762 outputs a high level voltage to the other input terminal of the or gate 2763, so that the or gate 2763 outputs and maintains the second high level voltage to the base terminal of the transistor 2782, thereby keeping the transistor 2782 and the power supply circuit of the LED straight lamp on. Since the or gate 2763 outputs and maintains the second high level voltage, the transistor 2746 also remains on and grounded, so that the voltage of the capacitor 2743 cannot rise enough to trigger the schmitt trigger 2744.
When the voltage signal of the resistor 2774 is smaller than the reference voltage, the comparator 2772 outputs a third low level voltage to the clock input terminal CLK of the D-type flip-flop 2762, and meanwhile, since the initial output value of the D-type flip-flop 2762 is zero, the output terminal Q of the D-type flip-flop 2762 outputs a low level voltage to the other input terminal of the or gate 2763, and since the smitt trigger 2744 connected to one end of the or gate 2763 also recovers to output the first low level voltage, the or gate 2763 outputs and maintains the second low level voltage to the base terminal of the transistor 2782, so that the transistor 2782 maintains cut-off and the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp maintains open circuit. However, since the or gate 2763 outputs and maintains the second low level voltage, the transistor 2746 is also maintained at the off state, and the capacitor 2743 is charged by the driving voltage through the resistor 2742 to repeat the next (pulse) detection.
It is noted that the pulse period is determined by the resistance of the resistor 2742 and the capacitance of the capacitor 2743. in some embodiments, the set Time Interval (TIV) of the pulse signal is 3ms to 500ms, and further, the time interval of the pulse signal is 20ms to 50 ms; in some embodiments, the set Time Interval (TIV) of the pulse signal is 500ms to 2000 ms. The pulse width is determined by the resistance of the resistor 2745 and the capacitance of the capacitor 2743. in some embodiments, the pulse width is between 1us and 100us, and more preferably between 10us and 20 us. In this embodiment, the generation mechanism of the pulse signal and the corresponding detection current state can refer to the embodiment of fig. 27D to 27F, and are not repeated herein.
Zener diode 2748 provides a protection function, but it may be omitted; the resistor 2774 is based on power considerations, and may be formed by connecting two resistors in parallel, wherein the equivalent resistance value of the resistor 2774 is 0.1 ohm-5 ohm; resistors 2776 and 2777 provide a voltage divider to ensure that the input voltage is higher than the reference voltage of comparator 2773 (0.3V in this embodiment, but not limited thereto); capacitor 2778 provides voltage regulation and filtering; the diode 2775 ensures unidirectionality of signal transmission. In addition, it should be emphasized here that the installation detecting module disclosed in the present invention is applicable to other LED lighting devices with two ends powered, for example: the utility model discloses LED lamp with bi-polar power supply framework and contain the LED lamp that directly utilizes the commercial power or utilize the signal that the ballast was exported as outside drive voltage etc. the utility model discloses do not restrict the range of application of module is listened in the installation.
Referring to fig. 18A, fig. 18A is a circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module 2520 may include a pulse generation auxiliary circuit 2840, an integrated control module 2860, a switch circuit 2880, and a detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870. The overall operation of the installation detection module of this embodiment is similar to that of the installation detection module of the second preferred embodiment, and therefore, reference can be made to the signal timing illustrated in fig. 27B. The integrated control module 2860 at least includes two input terminals IN1, IN2, and an output terminal OT. The auxiliary pulse generator 2840 is electrically connected to the input terminal IN1 and the output terminal OT of the integrated control module 2860, and is used for assisting the integrated control module 2860 to generate a control signal. The detection and determination auxiliary circuit 2870 is electrically connected to the input terminal IN2 and the switch circuit 2880 of the integrated control module 2860, and is configured to transmit a sampling signal associated with the power supply circuit back to the input terminal IN2 of the integrated control module 2860 when the switch circuit 2880 is turned on with the LED power supply circuit, so that the integrated control module 2860 can determine the installation state of the LED straight lamp and the lamp socket based on the sampling signal. The switch circuit 2880 is electrically connected to one end of the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp and the detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870, respectively, and is configured to receive the control signal output by the integrated control module 2860 and conduct the control signal during an enabling period (i.e., a pulse period) of the control signal, so that the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp is conducted.
More specifically, the integrated control module 2860 is configured to output a control signal having at least one pulse through the output terminal OT during a detection period according to the signal received at the input terminal IN1 to turn on the switch circuit 2880 briefly. During this detection phase, the integrated control module 2860 may detect whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed IN the lamp socket according to the signal at the input terminal IN2 and latch the detection result as a basis for turning on the switch circuit 2880 after the detection phase is finished (i.e., determining whether to normally supply power to the LED module). The detailed circuit structure and the overall circuit operation of the third preferred embodiment will be described in the following.
Please refer to fig. 18B, which is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit module of an integrated control module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The integrated control module 2860 includes a pulse generating unit 2862, a detection result latch unit 2863, and a detection unit 2864. The pulse generating unit 2862 receives the signal provided by the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 from the input terminal IN1, and generates at least one pulse signal according to the signal, and the generated pulse signal is provided to the detection result latch unit 2863. IN the present embodiment, the pulse generating unit 2862 may be implemented by, for example, a smith trigger (not shown, refer to smith trigger 2744 IN fig. 17B), an input terminal of which is coupled to the input terminal IN1 of the integrated control module 2860, and an output terminal of which is coupled to the output terminal OT of the integrated control module 2860. However, the pulse generating unit 2862 of the present invention is not limited to be implemented by using a circuit structure of a schmitt trigger. Any analog/digital circuit architecture that can implement the function of generating at least one pulse signal can be used.
The detection result latch 2863 is coupled to the pulse generating unit 2862 and the detecting unit 2864. In the detection phase, the detection result latch 2863 provides the pulse signal generated by the pulse generation unit 2862 to the output terminal OT as the control signal. On the other hand, the detection result latch 2863 also latches the detection result signal provided by the detection unit 2864 and provides the signal to the output terminal OT after the detection stage, so as to determine whether to turn on the switch circuit 2880 according to whether the installation state of the LED straight lamp is correct. In the present embodiment, the detection result latch unit 2863 can be implemented by a circuit architecture of a D-type flip-flop and an or gate (not shown, refer to the D-type flip-flop 2762 and the or gate 2763 in fig. 17D), for example. The D-type flip-flop is provided with a data input end, a frequency input end and an output end. The data input terminal is connected to the driving voltage VCC, and the frequency input terminal is connected to the detecting unit 2864. The or gate has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal is connected to the pulse generating unit 2862, the second input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the D-type flip-flop, and the output terminal of the or gate is connected to the output terminal OT. However, the detection result latch unit 2863 of the present invention is not limited to the circuit structure using the D-type flip-flop and the or gate. Any analog/digital circuit architecture that can latch and output control signals to control the switching of the switch 2880 can be used.
The detection unit 2864 is coupled to the detection result latch unit 2863. The detection unit 2864 receives a signal from the input terminal IN2, the detection decision auxiliary circuit 2870 is locked, and accordingly generates a detection result signal indicating whether the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted, and the generated detection result signal is supplied to the detection result latch unit 2863. In the present embodiment, the detecting unit 2864 can be implemented by, for example, a comparator (not shown, refer to the comparator 2772 in fig. 17C). The comparator has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal is connected to a setting signal, the second input terminal is connected to the input terminal IN2, and the output terminal of the comparator 2772 is connected to the detection result latch unit 2863. However, the detecting unit 2864 of the present invention is not limited to be implemented by using a circuit architecture of a comparator. Any analog/digital circuit configuration that can determine whether the LED straight lamp is properly mounted according to the signal at the input terminal IN2 can be used.
Referring to fig. 18C, fig. 18C is a circuit diagram of a pulse generation auxiliary circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The pulse-generation auxiliary circuit 2840 includes resistors 2842, 2844, and 2846, a capacitor 2843, and a transistor 2845. One terminal of the resistor 2842 is connected to a driving voltage (e.g., VCC). One terminal of the capacitor 2843 is connected to the other terminal of the resistor 2842, and the other terminal of the capacitor 2843 is connected to ground. One end of the resistor 2844 is connected to the connection end of the resistor 2842 and the capacitor 2843. The transistor 2845 has a base terminal, a collector terminal, and an emitter terminal. The collector terminal is connected to the other terminal of resistor 2844 and the emitter terminal is grounded. One end of the resistor 2846 is connected to the base terminal of the transistor 2845, and the other end of the resistor 2846 is connected to the output terminal OT of the integrated control module 2840 and the control terminal of the switch circuit 2880 via the path 2841. The pulse-generating auxiliary circuit 2840 further includes a zener diode 2847 having an anode terminal and a cathode terminal, the anode terminal is connected to the other terminal of the capacitor 2843 and grounded, and the cathode terminal is connected to one terminal of the capacitor 2863 and the resistor 2842.
Referring to fig. 18D, fig. 18D is a circuit diagram of an auxiliary circuit for detection and determination according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870 includes resistors 2872, 2873, and 2875, a capacitor 2874, and a diode 2876. One end of the resistor 2872 is connected to one end of the switch circuit 2880, and the other end of the resistor 2872 is connected to the other end (e.g., the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED power circuit. One terminal of the resistor 2873 is connected to the driving voltage (e.g., VCC). One terminal of resistor 2874 is connected to the other terminal of resistor 2873 and to input IN2 of integrated control module 2860 via path 2871, and the other terminal of resistor 2874 is connected to ground. Capacitor 2875 is connected in parallel with resistor 2874. The diode 2876 has an anode terminal and a cathode terminal, the anode terminal is connected to one terminal of the resistor 2872, and the cathode terminal is connected to the connection terminals of the resistors 2873 and 2874. IN some embodiments, the resistor 2873, the resistor 2874, the capacitor 2875, and the diode 2876 may be omitted, and when the diode 2876 is omitted, one end of the resistor 2872 is directly connected to the input terminal IN2 of the integrated control module 2860 via the path 2871. In some embodiments, resistor 2872 may be a parallel connection of two resistors, with equivalent resistance values including 0.1 ohm to 5 ohm, based on power considerations.
Referring to fig. 18E, fig. 18E is a circuit diagram of a switch circuit according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. The switch circuit 2880 includes a transistor 2882 having a base terminal, a collector terminal, and an emitter terminal. The base terminal of the transistor 2882 is connected to the output terminal OT of the integrated control module 2860 via the path 2861, the collector terminal of the transistor 2882 is connected to one terminal (e.g., the first mounting detection terminal 2521) of the LED power circuit, and the emitter terminal of the transistor 2882 is connected to the detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870. The transistor 2882 may also be replaced by equivalent elements of other electronic switches, such as: MOSFETs, etc.
It should be noted that, the installation detection principle used by the installation detection module of this embodiment is the same as that of the second preferred embodiment, and is based on the principle that the voltage of the capacitor does not suddenly change, and before the power supply circuit is turned on, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor in the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is zero and the transient response presents a short-circuit state; when the power supply loop is correctly installed on the lamp holder, the transient response current-limiting resistor is small and the response peak current is large, when the power supply loop is incorrectly installed on the lamp holder, the principles of large transient response current-limiting resistor and small response peak current are implemented, and the leakage current of the LED straight tube lamp is smaller than 5 MIU. In other words, whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed in the lamp socket is determined by detecting the response peak current. Therefore, the transient current portion under the normal operation and the lamp-changing test can refer to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and the detailed description thereof is omitted. The following description will be made only with respect to the overall circuit operation of the mounting detection module.
Referring to fig. 18A again, when the LED straight lamp is replaced with a lamp socket, if one end of the LED straight lamp is powered on, the driving voltage VCC is provided to the module/circuit in the installation detection module 2520. The pulse-generation auxiliary circuit 2840 performs a charging operation in response to the driving voltage VCC. After a period of time (which determines the pulse period), the output voltage (referred to as the first output voltage) rises from a first low level voltage to exceed a forward threshold voltage (the voltage value may be defined according to the circuit design), and is output to the input terminal IN1 of the integrated control module 2860 through a path 2841. The integrated control module 2860 receives the first output voltage from the input terminal IN1, and outputs an enable control signal (e.g., a high level voltage) to the switch circuit 2880 and the pulse generation auxiliary circuit 2840 through a path 2861. When the switch circuit 2880 receives the enabled control signal, the switch circuit 2880 is turned on to turn on a power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the switch circuit 2880, the path 2881, the detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight lamp; at the same time, the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 will respond to the enabled control signal to conduct the discharging path for performing the discharging action, and after a period of time (the period of time determines the pulse width) after receiving the enabled control signal returned by the integrated control module 2860, the first output voltage gradually decreases from the voltage level exceeding the forward threshold voltage back to the first low level voltage. When the first output voltage drops below a reverse threshold voltage (the voltage value may be defined according to the circuit design), the integrated control module 2860 may pull down the enabled control signal to the disable level (i.e., output the disabled control signal, where the disabled control signal is, for example, a low level voltage) in response to the first output voltage, so that the control signal has a pulse-shaped signal waveform (i.e., the first low level voltage, the first high level voltage, and the second low level voltage in the control signal constitute a first pulse signal). The detection/determination auxiliary circuit 2870 detects a first sampling signal (e.g., a voltage signal) on the power supply loop of the LED straight-tube lamp when the power supply loop is turned on, and provides the first sampling signal to the integrated control module 2920 via the input terminal IN 2. When the integrated control module 2920 determines that the first sampling signal is greater than or equal to a predetermined signal (e.g., a reference voltage), according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed in the lamp holder, so the integrated control module 2860 outputs and maintains the enabled control signal to the switch circuit 2880, the switch circuit 2880 receives the enabled control signal and then maintains the conduction to maintain the conduction of the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp, and the integrated control module 2860 does not generate pulse output any more.
On the contrary, when the integrated control circuit 2860 determines that the first sampling signal is smaller than the setting signal, according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight tube lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp holder, so the integrated control circuit can output and maintain the disabled control signal to the switch circuit 2880, and the switch circuit 2880 receives the disabled control signal and then maintains the off state to keep the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp open.
Since the discharge path of the pulse-generation auxiliary circuit 2840 is cut off, the pulse-generation auxiliary circuit 2840 performs the charging operation again. Therefore, after the power supply circuit of the LED straight-tube lamp is kept open for a period of time (i.e. the pulse period time), the first output voltage of the auxiliary pulse generation circuit 2840 rises from the first low level voltage to exceed the forward threshold voltage again, and is output to the input terminal IN1 of the integrated control module 2860 through the path 2841. After receiving the first output voltage from the input terminal IN1, the integrated control module 2860 pulls up the control signal from the disable level to the enable level again (i.e., outputs the enabled control signal), and provides the enabled control signal to the switch circuit 2880 and the pulse generation auxiliary circuit 2840. When the switch circuit 2880 receives the enabled control signal, the switch circuit 2880 is turned on to turn on the power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the switch circuit 2880, the path 2881, the detection determination auxiliary circuit 2870 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight lamp. At the same time, the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 will again respond to the enabled control signal to conduct the discharging path and perform the discharging operation, and after a period of time (which determines the pulse width) after receiving the enabled control signal returned by the integrated control module 2860, the first output voltage gradually decreases from the voltage level exceeding the forward threshold voltage back to the first low level voltage again. When the first output voltage drops to a level lower than the reverse threshold voltage, the integrated control module 2860 may pull down the enabled control signal to the disable level in response to the first output voltage, so that the control signal has a pulse-shaped signal waveform (i.e., a second pulse signal is formed by the third low-level voltage, the second high-level voltage, and the fourth low-level voltage in the control signal). The detection and determination auxiliary circuit 2870 detects a second sampling signal (e.g., a voltage signal) on the power supply loop of the LED straight-tube lamp again when the power supply loop is turned on again, and provides the second sampling signal to the integrated control module 2860 through the input terminal IN 2. When the second sampling signal is greater than and/or equal to the setting signal (e.g., a reference voltage), according to the application principle of the present invention, it indicates that the LED straight tube lamp is correctly installed in the lamp holder, so the integrated control module 2860 outputs and maintains the enabled control signal to the switch circuit 2880, the switch circuit 2880 receives the enabled control signal and then maintains the conduction so as to maintain the conduction of the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp, and the integrated control module 2860 does not generate any pulse wave output.
When integrated control circuit 2860 judges this second sampling signal and is less than this settlement signal, according to the utility model discloses an applied principle, shows that the LED straight tube lamp still does not correctly install in the lamp stand, consequently integrated control circuit can export and maintain forbidden control signal to switch circuit 2880, and switch circuit 2880 receives this forbidden control signal and then maintains and ends so that the power return circuit of LED straight tube lamp maintains and opens a way. In this case, the problem that a user gets an electric shock due to mistakenly touching the conductive part of the LED straight lamp when the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed in the lamp holder is avoided.
The operation of the internal circuit/module of the installation detection module of the present embodiment is described in more detail below. Referring to fig. 18B to 18E, when the LED straight lamp is replaced with the lamp socket, a driving voltage VCC charges the capacitor 2743 through the resistor 2742, and when the voltage of the capacitor 2843 rises enough to trigger the pulse generating unit 2862 (i.e., exceeds the forward threshold voltage), the output of the pulse generating unit 2862 changes from an initial first low level voltage to a first high level voltage and outputs the first high level voltage to the detection result latch unit 2863. After the detection result latch 2863 receives the first high level voltage from the pulse generator 2862, the detection result latch 2863 outputs a second high level voltage to the base terminal of the transistor 2882 and the resistor 2846 through the output terminal OT. When the base terminal of the transistor 2882 receives the second high level voltage outputted from the detection result latch unit 2863, the collector terminal and the emitter terminal of the transistor 2882 are turned on, so that the power circuit (at least including the first mounting detection terminal 2521, the transistor 2882, the resistor 2872 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522) of the LED straight lamp is turned on.
At the same time, after the base terminal of the transistor 2845 receives the second high level voltage on the output terminal OT through the resistor 2846, the collector terminal and the emitter terminal of the transistor 2845 are conducted to ground, so that the voltage of the capacitor 2843 is discharged to ground through the resistor 2844, and when the voltage of the capacitor 2843 is not enough to trigger the pulse generating unit 2862, the output of the pulse generating unit 2862 is dropped from the first high level voltage back to the first low level voltage (the first low level voltage, the first high level voltage and the second first low level voltage form a first pulse signal). When the power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is turned on, the current flowing through the capacitor (e.g., the filter capacitor of the filter circuit) IN the LED power supply circuit through the transient response flows through the transistor 2882 and the resistor 2872, and forms a voltage signal on the resistor 2872, which is provided to the input terminal IN2, so that the detection unit 2864 can compare the voltage signal with a reference voltage.
When the detecting unit 2864 determines that the voltage signal is greater than or equal to the reference voltage, the detecting unit 2864 outputs a third high level voltage to the detection result latch unit 2863. When the detecting unit 2864 determines that the voltage signal of the resistor 2872 is smaller than the reference voltage, the detecting unit 2864 outputs a third low level voltage to the detection result latch unit 2863.
The detection result latch unit 2863 latches the third high level voltage/the third low level voltage provided by the detection unit 2864, performs an or logic operation on the latched signal and the signal provided by the pulse generation unit 2862, and determines that the output control signal is the second high level voltage or the second low level voltage according to the result of the or logic operation.
More specifically, when the detecting unit 2864 determines that the voltage signal of the resistor 2872 is greater than or equal to the reference voltage, the detection result latch unit 2863 latches the third high level voltage outputted by the detecting unit 2864, so as to maintain the output of the second high level voltage to the base terminal of the transistor 2882, and further maintain the conduction of the transistor 2882 and the power circuit of the LED straight tube lamp. Since the latch 2863 outputs and maintains the second high level voltage, the transistor 2845 is also kept connected to ground, so that the voltage of the capacitor 2843 cannot rise enough to trigger the pulse generator 2862. When the detecting unit 2864 determines that the voltage signal of the resistor 2872 is smaller than the reference voltage, the detecting unit 2864 and the pulse generating unit 2862 both provide low level voltages, so that after the or logic operation, the detecting result latch unit 2863 outputs and maintains the second low level voltage to the base terminal of the transistor 2882, so that the transistor 2882 is kept off and the power circuit of the LED straight tube lamp is kept open. However, since the control signal at the output terminal OT is maintained at the second low level voltage, the transistor 2845 is also maintained at the off state, and the to-be-driven voltage VCC charges the capacitor 2843 through the resistor 2842 to repeat the next (pulse) detection.
Incidentally, the detection phase in this embodiment may be defined as a period when the driving voltage VCC is provided to the mounting detection module 2520, but the detection unit 2864 does not determine that the voltage signal on the resistor 2872 is greater than or equal to the reference voltage. In the detection phase, the transistor 2845 is repeatedly turned on and off by the control signal output from the detection result latch unit 2863, so that the discharge path is periodically turned on and off. The capacitor 2843 is periodically charged and discharged in response to the on/off of the transistor 2845. Therefore, the detection result latch 2863 outputs a control signal having a periodic pulse waveform during the detection phase. When the detecting unit 2864 determines that the voltage signal of the resistor 2872 is greater than or equal to the reference voltage, or the driving voltage VCC is stopped, the detecting stage is considered to be over (it is determined that the LED lamp is correctly mounted, or the LED lamp is removed). At this time, the detection result latch 2863 outputs the control signal maintained at the second high level voltage or the second low level voltage.
On the other hand, as compared with fig. 17A, compared to the second preferred embodiment, the integrated control module 2860 of this embodiment may be formed by integrating part of the circuit components of the detection pulse generating module 2740, the detection result latching circuit 2760 and the detection determining circuit 2770, and the non-integrated circuit components respectively form the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 and the detection determining auxiliary circuit 2870 of this embodiment. In other words, the function/circuit architecture of the pulse generating unit 2862 and the auxiliary pulse generating circuit 2840 in the integrated control module 2860 may be identical to the detection pulse generating module 2740 in the second preferred embodiment, the function/circuit architecture of the detection result latch unit 2863 in the integrated control module 2860 may be identical to the detection result latch module 2760 in the second preferred embodiment, and the function/circuit architecture of the detection unit 2864 and the auxiliary detection determining circuit 2870 in the integrated control module 2860 may be identical to the detection determining circuit 2770.
Referring to fig. 19A, fig. 19A is a schematic diagram of a circuit module for installing a detecting module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module of the present embodiment can be, for example, a three-terminal switch device 2920 including a power source terminal VP1, a first switch terminal SP1, and a second switch terminal SP 2. The power source VP1 of the three-terminal switch device 2920 is adapted to receive the driving voltage VCC, the first switch terminal SP1 is adapted to connect to one of the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 (shown as being connected to the first mounting detection terminal 2521, but not limited thereto), and the second switch terminal SP2 is adapted to connect to the other of the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 (shown as being connected to the second mounting detection terminal 2522, but not limited thereto).
The three-terminal switching device 2920 includes a signal processing unit 2930, a signal generating unit 2940, a signal acquiring unit 2950, and a switching unit 2960. In addition, the three-terminal switching device 2920 may further include an internal power detecting unit 2970. The signal processing unit 2930 can output a control signal with a pulse waveform in the detection stage according to the signals provided by the signal generating unit 2940 and the signal acquiring unit 2950, and output a control signal maintained at a high voltage level or a low voltage level after the detection stage to control the conduction state of the switching unit 2960, so as to determine whether to conduct the power circuit of the LED straight tube lamp. The signal generating unit 2940 may generate a pulse signal to the signal processing unit 2930 when receiving the driving voltage VCC. The pulse signal generated by the signal generating unit 2940 may be generated according to a reference signal received from the outside, or may be generated independently by itself, which is not limited by the present invention. "external" as referred to herein is with respect to the signal generating unit 2940, i.e., a reference signal received from the outside as described herein, whether generated by other circuitry within the three-terminal switching device 2920 or generated by circuitry external to the three-terminal switching device 2920, as long as it is not the reference signal generated by the signal generating unit 2940. The signal acquisition unit 2950 may be configured to sample an electrical signal on a power supply circuit of the LED straight tube lamp, detect an installation state of the LED straight tube lamp according to the sampled signal, and transmit a detection result signal indicating a detection result to the signal processing unit 2930 for processing.
In an exemplary embodiment, the three-terminal switching device 2920 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, that is, the three-terminal switching device may be a three-terminal switching control chip, which may be applied to any type of LED straight tube lamp with two terminals powered on, so as to provide the function of protection against electric shock. It should be noted that the three-terminal switching device 2920 is not limited to include only three pins/connections, but three of the pins are configured in the above manner, which falls within the protection scope of the present embodiment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the signal processing unit 2930, the signal generating unit 2940, the signal acquiring unit 2950, the switching unit 2960, and the internal power detecting unit 2970 may be respectively implemented by the circuit architectures of fig. 19B to 19F (but not limited thereto). The following description will be made of each unit.
Referring to fig. 19B, fig. 19B is a circuit diagram of a signal processing unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The signal processing unit 2930 includes a driver 2932, an or gate 2933, and a D-type flip-flop 2934. The driver 2932 has an input terminal and an output terminal, and the output terminal of the driver 2932 is connected to the switching unit 2960 through the path 2931 to provide the control signal to the switching unit 2960. Or gate 2933 has a first input, a second input, and an output. A first input of OR gate 2933 is connected to signal generating unit 2940 via path 2941, and an output of OR gate 2933 is coupled to an input of driver 2932. The D-type flip-flop 2934 has a data input (D), a frequency input (CK), and an output (Q). The data input of D-type flip-flop 2934 receives the drive voltage VCC, the frequency input of D-type flip-flop 2934 is connected to signal acquisition unit 2950 via path 2951, and the output of D-type flip-flop is coupled to the second input of or-gate 2933.
Referring to fig. 19C, fig. 19C is a circuit diagram of a signal generating unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The signal generation unit 2940 includes resistors 2942 and 2943, a capacitor 2944, a switch 2945, and a comparator 2946. One end of the resistor 2942 receives the driving voltage VCC, and the resistor 2942, the resistor 2943, and the capacitor 2944 are connected in series between the driving voltage VCC and the ground terminal. The switch 2945 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 2944. The comparator 2946 has a first input, a second input, and an output. A first input terminal of the comparator 2946 is coupled to the connection terminal of the resistors 2942 and 2943, a second input terminal of the comparator 2946 receives a reference voltage Vref, and an output terminal of the comparator 2946 is coupled to a control terminal of the switch 2945.
Referring to fig. 19D, fig. 19D is a circuit diagram of a signal acquisition unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The signal acquisition unit 2950 includes an or gate 2952 and comparators 2953 and 2954. OR gate 2952 has a first input, a second input, and an output, and the output of OR gate 2952 is connected to signal processing unit 2930 via path 2951. A first input terminal of the comparator 2953 is connected to one terminal of the switching unit 2960 (i.e., on the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp) via a path 2962, a second input terminal of the comparator 2953 receives a first reference voltage (e.g., 1.25V, but not limited thereto), and an output terminal of the comparator 2953 is coupled to a first input terminal of the or gate 2952. The first input of the comparator 2954 receives a second reference voltage (e.g., 0.15V, but not limited thereto), the second input of the comparator 2954 is coupled to the first input of the comparator 2953, and the output of the comparator 2954 is coupled to the second input of the or gate 2952.
Please refer to fig. 19E, fig. 19E is a circuit diagram of a switch unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The switching cell 2960 includes a transistor 2963 having a gate terminal, a drain terminal, and a source terminal. The gate terminal of the transistor 2963 is connected to the signal processing unit 2930 via a path 2931, the drain terminal of the transistor 2963 is connected to the first switching terminal SP1 via a path 2961, and the source terminal of the transistor 2973 is connected to the second switching terminal SP2, the first input terminal of the comparator 2953, and the second input terminal of the comparator 2954 via a path 2962.
Referring to fig. 19F, fig. 19F is a circuit diagram of an internal power detecting unit according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The internal power detecting unit 2970 includes a clamp circuit 2972, a reference voltage generating circuit 2973, a voltage adjusting circuit 2974, and a smith trigger 2975. The clamping circuit 2972 and the voltage adjusting circuit 2974 are respectively coupled to the power source terminal VP1 to receive the driving voltage VCC, so as to respectively perform voltage clamping and voltage adjusting operations on the driving voltage VCC. The reference voltage generating circuit 2973 is coupled to the voltage adjusting circuit for generating a reference voltage to the voltage adjusting circuit 2974. The Schmitt trigger 2975 has an input terminal coupled to the clamp circuit 2972 and the voltage regulator circuit 2974, and an output terminal outputting a power confirmation signal indicating whether the driving voltage VCC is normally supplied. If the driving voltage VCC is in a normal supply state, the smith trigger 2975 outputs an enabled (e.g., high level) power confirmation signal, so that the driving voltage VCC is provided to each component/circuit in the three-terminal switching device 2920. Conversely, if the driving voltage VCC is in an abnormal state, the smith trigger 2975 outputs an disable (e.g., low level) power confirmation signal, so as to prevent components/circuits in the three-terminal switching device 2920 from being damaged due to the abnormal driving voltage VCC.
Referring to fig. 19A to 19F, in the specific circuit operation of the present embodiment, when the LED straight-tube lamp is replaced with a lamp socket, the driving voltage VCC is provided to the three-terminal switching device 2920 through the power source terminal VP 1. At this time, the driving voltage VCC charges the capacitor 2944 through the resistors 2942 and 2943. When the capacitor voltage rises to exceed the reference voltage Vref, the comparator 2946 is switched to output a high-level voltage to the first input terminal of the or gate 2933 and the control terminal of the switch 2945. In response to the high level voltage, the switch 2945 is turned on, so that the capacitor 2944 starts to discharge to ground. Through the charging and discharging process, the comparator 2946 outputs an output signal in a pulse form.
On the other hand, during the period when the comparator 2946 outputs the high-level voltage, the or gate 2952 correspondingly outputs the high-level voltage to turn on the transistor 2962, so that the current flows through the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp. Wherein when a current is flowing in the power loop, a voltage signal corresponding to the magnitude of the current is established on path 2972. The comparator 2953 samples the voltage signal and compares the sampled voltage signal with a first reference voltage (e.g., 1.25V).
When the sampled voltage signal is greater than the first reference voltage (e.g., 1.25V), the comparator 2953 outputs a high-level voltage. The OR gate 2952 generates another high-level voltage to the frequency input of the D-type flip-flop 2934 in response to the high-level voltage output by the comparator 2953. The D-type flip-flop 2934 keeps outputting a high level voltage based on the output of the OR gate 2952. The driver 2932 generates an enabled control signal to turn on the transistor 2963 in response to the high-level voltage on the input terminal. At this time, even though the capacitor 2944 has been discharged until the capacitor voltage is lower than the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the comparator 2946 is pulled down to the low level voltage, the transistor 2963 can be maintained in the on state because the D-type flip-flop 2934 maintains outputting the high level voltage.
When the sampled voltage signal is less than the first reference voltage (e.g., 1.25V), the comparator 2953 outputs a low level voltage. The OR gate 2952 generates another low level voltage to the frequency input of the D-type flip-flop 2934 in response to the low level voltage output by the comparator 2953. The D-type flip-flop 2934 maintains the output low level voltage based on the output of the OR gate 2952. At this time, once the capacitor 2944 is discharged until the capacitor voltage is lower than the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the comparator 2946 is pulled down to the low level voltage (i.e., at the end of the pulse period), since both input ends of the or gate 2952 are maintained at the low level voltage, the output end also outputs the low level voltage, the driver 2932 responds to the received low level voltage to generate the disable control signal to turn off the transistor 2963, so that the power supply loop of the LED straight tube lamp is turned off.
As can be seen from the above description, the operation of the signal processing unit 2930 of the present embodiment is similar to the detection result latch circuit 2760 of the second preferred embodiment, the operation of the signal generating unit 2940 is similar to the detection pulse generating module 2740 of the second preferred embodiment, the operation of the signal acquiring unit 2950 is similar to the detection determining circuit 2770 of the second preferred embodiment, and the operation of the switch unit 2960 is similar to the switch circuit 2780 of the second preferred embodiment.
Fig. 20A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module includes a detection pulse generation module 3040, a control circuit 3060, a detection determination circuit 3070, a switch circuit 3080, and a detection path circuit 3090. The detection decision circuit 3070 is coupled to the detection path circuit 3090 via the path 3081 to detect the signal on the detection path circuit 3090. The detection determining circuit 3070 is also coupled to the control circuit 3060 via the path 3071 to transmit the detection result signal to the detection result latch circuit 3060 via the path 3071. The detection pulse generating module 3040 is coupled to the detection path circuit 3090 through a path 3041, and generates a pulse signal to notify the detection path circuit 3090 of a timing point for turning on the detection path or performing the detection operation. The control circuit 3060 latches the detection result according to the detection result signal, and is coupled to the switch circuit 3080 via the path 3061 to transmit or reflect the detection result to the switch circuit 3080. The switch circuit 3080 determines to turn on or off the first mounting detection terminal 2521 and the second mounting detection terminal 2522 according to the detection result. The detection path circuit 3090 is coupled to the power loop of the power module through the first detection connection terminal 3091 and the second detection connection terminal 3092.
In the present embodiment, the detection pulse generating module 3040 may refer to the detection pulse generating module 2640 of fig. 16B or the detection pulse generating module 2740 of fig. 17B. Referring to fig. 16B, when the structure of the detection pulse generating module 2640 is applied as the detection pulse generating module 3040, the path 3041 of the embodiment can be compared to a path 2541, that is, the or gate 2652 can be connected to the detection path circuit 3090 through the path 3041. Referring to fig. 17B, when the structure of the detection pulse generating module 2740 is applied as the detection pulse generating module 3040, the path 3041 of the embodiment can be compared to a path 2741. In addition, the detection pulse generating module 3040 is also connected to the output end of the control circuit 3060 through a path 3061, so the path 3061 of the embodiment can be compared to a path 2761.
The control circuit 3060 may be implemented using a control chip or any circuit having signal processing capabilities. When the control circuit 3060 determines that the user does not touch the lamp according to the detection result signal, the control circuit 3060 controls the switching state of the switch circuit 3080, so that the external power can be normally supplied to the rear LED module when the lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp holder. At this time, the control circuit 3060 turns off the detection path. On the contrary, when the control circuit 3060 determines that the user touches the lamp according to the detection result signal, the control circuit 3060 maintains the switch circuit 3080 in the off state because the user may get an electric shock.
In an exemplary embodiment, the control circuit 3060 and the switch circuit 3080 may be part of a driving circuit in the power module. For example, if the driving circuit is a switch-type dc-dc converter, the switch circuit 3080 may be a power switch of the dc-dc converter, and the control circuit 3080 may be a controller (e.g., a PWM controller) corresponding to the power switch.
The configuration of the detection determination circuit 3070 may refer to the detection determination circuit 2670 of fig. 16C or the detection determination circuit 2770 of fig. 17C. Referring to fig. 16C, when the architecture of the detection determining circuit 2670 is applied as the detection determining circuit 3070, the resistor 2672 may be omitted. The path 3081 of this embodiment can be compared to the path 2581, i.e. the positive input of the comparator 2671 is connected to the detection path circuit 3090. The path 3071 of the present embodiment can be compared to the path 2571, that is, the output terminal of the comparator 2671 is connected to the detection result latch circuit 3060. Referring to fig. 17C, when the structure of the detection decision circuit 2770 is applied as the detection decision circuit 3070, the resistor 2774 may be omitted. The path 3081 of this embodiment can be compared to the path 2781, i.e., the anode of the diode 2775 is connected to the detection path circuit 3090. The path 3071 of the present embodiment can be compared to the path 2771, i.e., the output terminals of the comparators 2772 and 2773 are connected to the detection result latch circuit 3060.
The configuration of the switching circuit 3080 may refer to the switching circuit 2680 of fig. 16E or the switching circuit 2780 of fig. 17E. Since the two switch circuits are similar in structure, the switch circuit 2680 in fig. 16E is used for illustration. Referring to fig. 16E, when the switch circuit 2680 is applied as the switch circuit 3080, the path 3061 of the present embodiment may be compared to a path 2561, and the path 2581 is not connected to the detection determining circuit 2570, but is directly connected to the second mounting detecting terminal 2522.
The configuration of the detection path circuit 3090 may be as shown in fig. 20B, 20C, 20D or 20E, and fig. 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E are schematic circuit diagrams of detection path circuits according to different embodiments of the present invention. Referring to fig. 20B, the detection path circuit 3090 includes a transistor 3095 and resistors 3093 and 3094. The transistor 3095 has a base, a collector and an emitter, and the emitter is connected to the detection pulse generating module 3040 via a path 3041. The resistor 3094 has a first terminal connected to the emitter of the transistor 3095 and a second terminal connected to the ground GND as the second detection connection terminal 3092, i.e. the resistor 3094 is connected in series between the emitter of the transistor 3095 and the ground GND. The first terminal of the resistor 3093 is connected to the first mounting detection terminal 2521 as the first detection connection terminal 3091, and the first mounting detection terminal 2521 is connected to the second rectification output terminal 512, i.e. the resistor 3093 is connected in series between the collector of the transistor 3095 and the first mounting detection terminal 2521/the second rectification output terminal 512. As for the configuration of the detection path, the detection path of the present embodiment is equivalent to be configured between the rectification output terminal and the ground terminal GND.
Referring to fig. 20C, the configuration and operation of the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiments, and the main difference is that the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment is disposed between the first rectification output terminal 511 and the second rectification output terminal 512. That is, a first terminal (first detection connection terminal 3091) of the resistor 3093 is connected to the first rectification output terminal 511, and a second terminal (second detection connection terminal 3092) of the resistor 3094 is connected to the second rectification output terminal 512.
In the present embodiment, when the transistor 3095 receives the pulse signal provided by the detection pulse generating module 3040 (in the detection phase), it is turned on during the pulse period. When at least one end of the lamp is mounted to the socket, a sensing path from the first mounting detection terminal 2521 to the ground GND (via the resistor 3094, the transistor 3095 and the resistor 3093) is turned on in response to the turned-on transistor 3095, and a voltage signal is established at a node X of the sensing path. When the user does not touch the lamp/the lamp is correctly installed to the socket, the level of the voltage signal is determined according to the divided voltage of the resistors 3093 and 3094, i.e. the second detection connection terminal 3092 and the ground terminal GND are equal. When the user touches the lamp, the equivalent resistance of the human body is equivalent to be connected in series between the second detection connection terminal 3092 and the ground terminal GND, i.e. in series with the resistors 3093, 3094. The level of the voltage signal is determined according to the resistors 3093 and 3094 and the equivalent resistance of the human body. Therefore, by providing the resistors 3093 and 3094 with appropriate resistance values, the voltage signal at the node X can reflect whether the user touches the lamp, so that the detection determining circuit can generate a corresponding detection result signal according to the voltage signal at the node X. In addition, besides the transistor 3095 being turned on briefly during the detection period, in case the control circuit 3060 determines that the lamp is properly mounted to the socket, the transistor 3095 is maintained in the off state, so that the power module can operate normally to supply power to the LED module.
Referring to fig. 20D, the configuration and operation of the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiments, and the main difference is that the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment further includes a current limiting element 3096 disposed on the power circuit. The current limiting element 3096 is exemplified by a diode (hereinafter, referred to as diode 3096) disposed at the first rectifying output terminal 511 and the input terminal of the filter circuit 520 (i.e., the connection terminal of the capacitor 725 and the inductor 726), and the filter circuit 520 is exemplified by a pi-type filter circuit, but the invention is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the addition of the diode 3096 can limit the current direction on the main power supply loop, so as to prevent the charged capacitor 725 from reversely discharging to the detection path when the transistor 3095 is turned on, thereby affecting the accuracy of the anti-electric shock detection. It should be noted that the configuration of the diode 3096 is only an example of a current limiting element, and in other applications, an electronic element that can be disposed on the power circuit and plays a role of limiting the current direction can be implemented, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 20E, the configuration and operation of the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiments, and the main difference is that the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment further includes current limiting devices 3097 and 3098. The current limiting element 3097 is exemplified by a diode (hereinafter, diode 3097) disposed between the first rectifying input terminal 502 and the first end of the resistor 3093, and the current limiting element 3098 is exemplified by a diode (hereinafter, diode 3098) disposed between the second rectifying input terminal 3093 and the first end of the resistor 3093. The anode of the diode 3097 is coupled to the first rectifying input terminal (i.e., the terminal of the rectifying circuit 510 connected to the first pin 501), and the cathode of the diode 3097 is coupled to the first terminal of the resistor 3093. The anode of the diode 3098 is coupled to the second rectifying input terminal (i.e. the terminal of the rectifying circuit 510 connected to the second pin 502), and the cathode of the diode 3098 is coupled to the second terminal of the resistor 3093. In the present embodiment, the external driving signal/ac signal received by the first pin 501 and the second pin 502 is provided to the first end of the resistor 3093 through the diodes 3097 and 3098. During the positive half-wave of the external driving signal, diode 3097 is forward biased to turn on, and diode 3098 is reverse biased to turn off, so that detection path circuit 3090 is equivalent to establishing a detection path between the first and second rectified input terminals 512 (and second filtered output terminal 522 in this embodiment). During the negative half-wave of the external drive signal, diode 3097 is reverse biased to turn off and diode 3098 is forward biased to turn on, making detection path circuit 3090 equivalent to establishing a detection path between the second rectified input and second rectified output 512.
The diodes 3097 and 3098 of this embodiment limit the power direction of the ac signal, so that the first terminal of the resistor 3093 receives a positive level signal (compared to the ground level) during either the positive half-wave or the negative half-wave of the ac signal, and the voltage signal at the node X is not affected by the phase change of the ac signal, resulting in an erroneous detection result. Furthermore, compared to the previous embodiments, the detection path established by the detection path circuit 3090 of the present embodiment is not directly connected to the power loop of the power module, but an independent detection path is established between the rectification input terminal and the rectification output terminal through the diodes 3097 and 3098. Since the detection path circuit 3090 is not directly connected to the power circuit and is turned on only in the detection stage, the current for driving the LED module on the power circuit does not flow through the detection path circuit 3090 when the LED straight tube lamp is normally installed and the power module is normally operated. Because the detection path circuit 3090 does not need to bear the large current of the power module under normal operation, the selection of the device specification on the detection path circuit 3090 is flexible, and the power loss caused by the detection path circuit 3090 is low. Furthermore, compared to the embodiment in which the detection path is directly connected to the power loop (as shown in fig. 20B to 20D), since the detection path circuit 3090 of the embodiment is not directly connected to the filter circuit 520 in the power loop, the problem that the filter capacitor will reversely charge the detection path is not considered in the circuit design, and the circuit design is simpler.
Please refer to fig. 21A, which is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating an installation detection module according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module comprises a detection pulse generation module 3140, a control circuit 3160, a detection judgment circuit 3170, a switch circuit 3180 and a detection path circuit 3190. The connection relationship between the detection pulse generating module 3140, the control circuit 3160, the detection determining circuit 3170 and the switch circuit 3180 is the same as that in the embodiment shown in fig. 20A, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the main difference from the aforementioned embodiment of fig. 20A is the configuration and operation of the detection path circuit 3190. The first detection connection 3191 of the detection path circuit 3190 of this embodiment is coupled to the low potential terminal of the filter circuit 520, and the second detection connection 3192 is coupled to the second rectified output terminal 512. In other words, the detection path circuit 3190 is connected between the low level end of the filter circuit 520 and the second rectified output terminal 512 of the rectifying circuit 510, i.e., the low level end of the filter circuit 520 is connected to the second rectified output terminal 512 via the detection path circuit 3190.
The configuration of the detection path circuit 3190 can be as shown in fig. 21B or fig. 21C, and fig. 21B and fig. 21C are schematic circuit diagrams of an installation detection module according to various embodiments of the present invention. Referring to fig. 21B, in the present embodiment, the filter circuit 520 is illustrated by a pi-type filter structure including capacitors 725 and 727 and an inductor 726 (the present invention is not limited thereto), that is, the inductor 726 is connected in series between the first rectification output terminal 511 and the first filtering output terminal 521, first ends of the capacitors 725 and 727 are correspondingly connected to two ends of the inductor 726, and second ends of the capacitors 725 and 727 are connected together, wherein the second ends of the capacitors 725 and 727 are low-level ends. The installation detection module includes a detection pulse generation module 3240, a control circuit 3260, a detection judgment circuit 3270, a switch circuit 3280 and a detection path circuit 3290. Detection path circuit 3290 includes a transistor 3295 and a resistor 3294. The transistor 3295 has a gate coupled to the detection pulse generating module 3240, a source coupled to the first end of the resistor 3294, and a drain coupled to the second ends of the capacitors 725, 727. A second end of the resistor 3294 is connected to the second rectifying output 512 and the first mounting detecting end 2521 as a second detecting connection end 3292. The detection decision circuit 3170 is coupled to a first end of the resistor 3294 for detecting the current flowing through the detection loop. In the present embodiment, the detection loop can be equivalently composed of capacitors 725 and 727, inductor 726, transistor 3295 and resistor 3294.
In this embodiment, when the transistor 3295 receives the pulse signal provided by the detection pulse generating module 3240 (detection phase), it is turned on during the pulse period. In the case of a lamp with at least one end mounted to the socket, the current path from the first rectified output 511 to the second rectified output 512 via the detection path is turned on in response to the turned-on transistor 3295, and a voltage signal is established at the first end of the resistor 3294. The level of the voltage signal is determined according to the equivalent impedance of the filter circuit 520 and the divided voltage of the resistor 3294 when the user does not touch the lamp/the lamp is properly mounted to the socket. When the user touches the lamp tube, the equivalent resistance of the human body is equivalent to be connected in series between the second detection connecting end and the grounding end. The level of the voltage signal is determined by the equivalent impedance of the filter circuit 520, the resistor 3294 and the equivalent resistance of the human body. Therefore, by providing the resistor 3294 with a suitable resistance, the voltage signal at the first end of the resistor 3294 can reflect the state of whether the user touches the lamp, so that the detection determining circuit 3270 can generate a corresponding detection result signal according to the voltage signal at the first end of the resistor 3294, and the control circuit 3260 can control the on state of the switch circuit 3280 according to the detection result signal. In addition, the transistor 3295 is configured to briefly conduct notification during the detection period, and in case that the control circuit 3260 determines that the lamp is correctly installed in the socket, the transistor 3395 is switched to a conducting state, so that the power module can operate normally to supply power to the LED module.
Referring to fig. 21C, the installation detection module of the present embodiment includes a detection pulse generating circuit 3340, a control circuit 3360, a detection determining circuit 3370, a switch circuit 3380, and a detection path circuit 3390. The configuration and operation of the installation detection module of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 21B, and the main difference is that the detection path circuit 3390 of this embodiment is disposed between the second terminal of the capacitor 725 and the second rectification output terminal 512, and the second terminal of the capacitor 727 is directly connected to the second installation detection terminal 2522/the second filtering output terminal 522.
Compared to the embodiment of fig. 20A, since the passive components of the filter circuit 520 become a part of the detection path, the current size (current size) flowing through the detection path circuit 3190 is much smaller than that flowing through the detection path circuit 3090, so that the transistor 3295/3395 in the detection path circuit 3190 can be implemented by using smaller-sized components, which can effectively reduce the cost; in addition, the resistor 3294 can be designed as a relatively small resistor, so that when the human body resistor is equivalently connected to the lamp, the equivalent impedance change on the detection path is relatively obvious, and the detection result is less susceptible to the deviation of other element parameters. Moreover, due to the small current scale, the signal transmission design of the control circuit 3160 and the detection and determination circuit 3170 can more easily meet the signal format requirement of the driving controller, thereby reducing the difficulty of the integrated design of installing the detection module and the driving circuit (as will be further explained in the following embodiments).
Fig. 22A is a schematic circuit diagram of an installation detection module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The mounting detection module includes a detection pulse generation module 3440, a detection determination circuit 3470, a bias adjustment circuit 3480, and a detection path circuit 3490. The detection pulse generating module 3440 is electrically connected to the detection path circuit 3490 via a path 3441 for generating a control signal comprising at least one pulse. The detection path circuit 3490 is connected to the power loop of the power module via the first detection connection terminal 3491 and the second detection connection terminal 3492, and is responsive to the control signal to turn on the detection path during the pulse. The detection decision circuit 3470 is connected to the detection path via a path 3481 to determine the installation state between the LED straight lamp and the lamp socket according to the signal characteristics on the detection path, and sends out a corresponding detection result signal according to the detection result, which is provided to the back-end bias adjustment circuit 3480 via a path 3471. The bias adjustment circuit 3480 is connected to the driving circuit 1530 through a path 3481, wherein the bias adjustment circuit 3480 is used for influencing/adjusting the bias of the driving circuit 3480, thereby controlling the operation status of the driving circuit 1530.
In view of the overall operation of the installation detection module, when the LED straight-tube lamp is powered on, the detection pulse generation module 3440 is activated in response to the external power supply, so as to generate a pulse to briefly turn on the detection path formed by the detection path circuit 3490. During the period of the conduction of the detection path, the detection and determination circuit 3470 will sample the signal on the detection path and determine whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed on the lamp socket or whether there is human body contacting the LED straight lamp to cause current leakage. The detection decision circuit 3470 generates a corresponding detection result signal according to the detection result and transmits the detection result signal to the bias adjustment circuit 3480. When the bias adjustment circuit 3480 receives the detection result signal indicating that the lamp is correctly installed, the bias adjustment circuit 3480 does not adjust the bias of the driving circuit 1530, so that the driving circuit 1530 can be normally started according to the received bias power and perform power conversion to provide power to the rear-end LED module. Conversely, when the bias voltage adjusting circuit 3480 receives the detection result signal indicating that the lamp is not properly installed, the bias voltage adjusting circuit 3480 will start to adjust the bias voltage power provided to the driving circuit 1530, wherein the adjusted bias voltage power will not be enough to start the driving circuit 1530 or perform power conversion normally, so that the current flowing through the power circuit can be limited below the safe value.
Specifically, the configuration and operation of the detection pulse generating module 3440, the detection determining circuit 3470 and the detection path circuit 3490 according to the present embodiment can refer to the description of other embodiments. The main difference between the present embodiment and the foregoing embodiment is that the present embodiment mainly utilizes the bias voltage adjusting circuit 3480 to control the operation of the rear-end driving circuit 1530, so that when it is determined that there is an electric shock risk or incorrect mounting, the operation of the driving circuit 1530 can be stopped by adjusting the bias voltage directly, thereby achieving the effect of limiting the leakage current. With this configuration, the switching circuits (e.g., 2580, 2680, 2780, 2880, 2960, 3080, 3180) originally provided on the power supply circuit may be omitted. Because the switch circuit originally arranged on the power supply loop needs to bear large current, the selection and the design of the specification of the transistor are strictly considered, and therefore the design of the embodiment can obviously reduce the overall design cost of the installation detection module by omitting the switch circuit. On the other hand, the bias adjustment circuit 3480 of the present embodiment controls the operation of the driving circuit 1530 by adjusting the bias state of the driving circuit 1530, and does not need to change the design of the driving circuit 1530, thereby being more advantageous for the commercial design.
Referring to fig. 22B, the present embodiment is a circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 3540 includes resistors 3541 and 3542, a capacitor 3543, and a pulse generating circuit 3544. A first terminal of the resistor 3541 is connected to the rectifying circuit 510 via the first rectifying output terminal 511. A first terminal of the resistor 3542 is connected to a second terminal of the resistor 3541, and a second terminal of the resistor 3542 is connected to the rectifying circuit 510 via the second rectified output 512. The capacitor 3543 and the resistor 3542 are connected in parallel. The input terminal of the pulse generating circuit 3544 is connected to the connecting terminals of the resistors 3542 and 3543, and the output terminal thereof is connected to the detection path circuit 3490 for providing the control signal with the pulse DP.
In this embodiment, the resistors 3541 and 3542 form a voltage dividing resistor string for sampling the bus voltage, wherein the pulse generating circuit 3544 can determine the time point of the pulse generation according to the bus voltage information and output the pulse DP according to the set pulse width. For example, the pulse generating circuit 3544 may generate a pulse after a period of time after the bus voltage over-voltage zero point, so as to avoid the erroneous determination problem that may be caused by performing the electric shock prevention detection on the voltage zero point. The waveforms and intervals of the pulses generated by the pulse generating circuit 3544 can be referred to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 22C, the present embodiment is a circuit diagram of a detection path circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection path circuit 3590 includes a resistor 3591, a transistor 3592, and a diode 3593. A first terminal of the resistor 3591 is connected to the first rectifying output terminal 511. The transistor 3592 may be a MOSFET or a BJT, and has a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the resistor 3591, a second terminal connected to the second rectified output terminal 512, and a control terminal receiving the control signal Sc. An anode of the diode 3593 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor 3591 and the first rectification output terminal 511, and a cathode of the diode 3593 is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 530 at the rear end, for example, a pi filter, so that the diode 3593 is connected to the connection terminal of the capacitor 725 and the inductor 726.
In the present embodiment, the resistor 3591 and the transistor 3592 form a detection path, wherein the detection path is turned on when the transistor 3592 is turned on by the control signal Sc. During the period when the detection path is on, the detection voltage Vdet changes due to the current flowing through the detection path, and the change width of the detection voltage Vdet is determined according to the equivalent impedance of the detection path. Taking the sampling position of the detection voltage Vdet shown in the figure as an example (the first end of the resistor 3591), when no human body impedance is connected (correctly installed) during the conduction period of the detection path, the detection voltage Vdet is equal to the bus voltage on the rectification output terminal 511; when the human body impedance is connected (not correctly installed), the human body impedance can be equivalently connected in series between the rectification output end 511 and the ground end, so that the detection voltage Vdet becomes the voltage division of the human body resistor and the resistor 3591. Therefore, the detection voltage Vset can indicate whether the human body resistor is connected to the LED straight lamp or not.
Referring to fig. 22D, this embodiment is a circuit diagram of a detection and determination circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection decision circuit 3570 includes a sampling circuit 3571, a comparison circuit 3572, and a decision circuit 3573. In the embodiment, the sampling circuit 3572 samples the detection voltage Vdet according to a set time point, and generates sampling signals Ssp _ t1-Ssp _ tn corresponding to the detection voltage Vdet at different time points.
The comparing circuit 3572 is connected to the sampling circuit 3571 to receive the sampling signals Ssp _ t1-Ssp _ tn, wherein the comparing circuit 3572 can select some or all of the sampling signals Ssp _ t1-Ssp _ tn to compare with each other, or compare the sampling signals Ssp _ t1-Ssp _ tn with a predetermined signal, and then sequentially output the comparison result Scp to the determining circuit. In an exemplary embodiment, the comparing circuit 3572 may output a corresponding comparison result according to the comparison of the sampling signals at every two adjacent time points, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The decision circuit 3573 receives the comparison result Scp and sends out the corresponding adjustment control signal Vctl according to the comparison result Scp, wherein the decision circuit 3573 may be designed to send out the adjustment control signal Vctl which is correctly installed when the comparison result Scp is determined to meet the correct installation condition and the comparison result Scp continuously appears more than a certain number of times, so as to avoid the occurrence of erroneous determination and further reduce the risk of electric shock.
Referring to fig. 22E, the present embodiment is a circuit diagram of a bias voltage adjusting circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The bias adjustment circuit 3580 includes a transistor 3581 having a first terminal connected to the connection terminal of the resistor Rbias and the capacitor Cbias and the power input terminal of the controller 1631, a second terminal connected to the second filter output terminal 522, and a control terminal receiving the adjustment control signal Vctl. In this embodiment, the resistor Rbias and the capacitor Cbias are external bias circuits of the driving circuit 1630, which are used to provide power for the controller 1631 to operate.
When the detection and judgment circuit 3570 judges that the LED straight lamp is correctly installed (no human body resistor is connected), the detection and judgment circuit 3570 sends an disabling adjustment control signal Vctl to the transistor 3581. At this time, the transistor 3581 is turned off in response to the disabled adjustment control signal Vctl, so that the controller 1631 can normally obtain the operating power and control the switch 1635 to operate, thereby generating a driving signal to drive the LED module.
When the detection and judgment circuit 3570 judges that the LED straight lamp is not correctly mounted (a human body resistor is connected), the detection and judgment circuit 3570 sends an enabled adjustment control signal Vctl to the transistor 3581. At this time, the transistor 3581 is turned on in response to the enabled adjustment control signal Vctl, so that the power input terminal of the controller 1631 is shorted to the ground, and the controller 1631 cannot be turned on. It should be noted that, although an extra leakage path may be established through the transistor 3581 when the transistor 3581 is turned on, since the input power source used by the controller 1631 is generally relatively small (compared to the power source of the entire lamp), even a slight leakage current will not cause damage to the human body, and the requirement of safety can be met.
Referring to fig. 22F, the present embodiment is a circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 3640 includes resistors 3641 and 3642, a capacitor 3643 and a pulse generating circuit 3644. The configuration of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the detection pulse generating module 3540 of the first exemplary embodiment, and the main difference between the two is that the first terminal of the resistor 3641 of the present embodiment is connected to the first rectifying input terminal (represented by the first pin 501) and the second rectifying input terminal (represented by the second pin 502) of the rectifying circuit 510 through the diodes 3693 and 3694. The configuration and function of the diodes 3693 and 3694 can be explained with reference to the embodiment of fig. 20E, and are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 22G, the present embodiment is a circuit diagram illustrating a second exemplary embodiment of a detection path circuit according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. Sense path circuit 3690 includes a resistor 3691, a transistor 3692, and diodes 3693 and 3694. The configuration of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the detection path circuit 3590 of the first exemplary embodiment, and the main difference between the two is that the detection path circuit 3690 of the present embodiment has diodes 3693 and 3694, wherein a first end of the resistor 3691 is connected to a first rectification input terminal (represented by the first pin 501) and a second rectification input terminal (represented by the second pin 502) of the rectification circuit 510 through the diodes 3693 and 3694, so as to establish a detection path between the rectification input terminal and the rectification output terminal, which is independent of the power supply loop. The specific configuration and operation of diodes 3693 and 3694 are as described above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 20E and will not be described further herein.
In summary, the present embodiment can determine whether the user is at risk of electric shock by turning on the detection path and detecting the voltage signal on the detection path. In addition, compared to the foregoing embodiments, the detection path of the present embodiment is additionally established, rather than using the power loop as the detection path (i.e., the power loop and the detection path at least partially do not overlap). Since the number of the electronic components on the additionally established detection path is less than that on the power supply circuit, the voltage signal on the additionally established detection path can reflect the touch state of the user more accurately.
Moreover, similar to the foregoing embodiments, a part or all of the circuits/modules described in this embodiment may also be integrated into a chip configuration, as shown in fig. 18A to 19F, and thus are not described herein again.
It should be noted that the switch circuits 2580, 2680, 2780, 2880, 2960 and 3080 mentioned in the above second to fifth preferred embodiments are all implementations of a current limiting means, which is used to limit the current on the power circuit to be less than a specific value (e.g. 5MIU) when enabled (e.g. the switch circuit is turned off). It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, with reference to the above embodiments, that the current limiting means may be implemented by an architecture generally similar to a switching circuit. For example, the switching circuit may be implemented using electronic switches, electromagnetic switches, relays, TRIACs (TRIACs), thyristors (thyristors), and adjustable impedance devices (variable resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.). In other words, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while the present disclosure has been particularly disclosed with respect to the concept of implementing current limiting using a switching circuit, the scope of the present disclosure is equally applicable and equivalent to the various embodiments of the switching circuit described above.
In addition, in view of the first to fifth preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the mounting detection module disclosed in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention can be designed as a distributed circuit in the LED straight tube lamp, and can also be integrated with a part of the circuit components (as in the third preferred embodiment) or integrated with all the circuit components (as in the fourth preferred embodiment), so as to save the circuit cost and volume of the mounting detection module. In addition, the detection module is installed through the modularized/integrated arrangement, so that the installation detection module can be more easily matched in the design of different types of LED straight tube lamps, and further the design compatibility is improved. On the other hand, the integrated installation detection module is applied to the LED straight tube lamp, and the circuit area inside the lamp tube is obviously reduced, so that the light emitting area of the LED straight tube lamp is obviously improved, and the lighting characteristic performance of the LED straight tube lamp is further improved. Moreover, due to the integrated design, the working current of the integrated components can be reduced (by about 50%), and the working efficiency of the circuit can be improved, so that the saved power can be used for supplying the LED module for light emitting, and the light emitting efficiency of the LED straight tube lamp can be further improved.
The embodiments of fig. 16A, 17A, 18A, 19A, 20A, 21A and 22A teach that the installation detection module includes a pulse generation mechanism for generating a pulse signal, such as the detection pulse generation modules 2540, 2740 and 3040, the pulse generation auxiliary circuit 2840 and the signal generation unit 2940, but the pulse generation means of the present invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the installation detection module may utilize the existing frequency signal of the power module to replace the function of the pulse generation mechanism of the foregoing embodiments. For example, a driving circuit (e.g., a dc-dc converter) has a reference frequency for generating a lighting control signal having a pulse waveform. The function of the pulse generating mechanism can be implemented by using the reference frequency of the reference lighting control signal, so that the hardware circuits such as the detection pulse generating modules 2540, 2740 and 3040, the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 and the signal generating unit 2940 can be omitted. In other words, the installation detection module can share the circuit architecture with other parts in the power module, thereby realizing the function of generating the pulse signal. In addition, the pulse duty ratio generated by the pulse generating means of the embodiment of the present invention can be any value in the interval from greater than 0 (normally closed) to less than or equal to 1, and the specific setting depends on the actual installation detection mechanism.
If the duty ratio of the pulse signal generated by the pulse generating means is set to be greater than 0 and less than 1, the installation detecting module judges whether the lamp tube is correctly installed on the premise of not causing electric shock hazard by means of temporarily conducting the power supply circuit/detection path and detecting the signal on the power supply circuit/detection path during conduction, and when the lamp tube is judged to be correctly installed on the lamp holder (pins at two ends are correctly connected with the socket of the lamp holder), the current limiting means is switched to be in a closing/disabling state (for example, the switching circuit is switched to be on), so that the LED module can be normally lighted. In this arrangement, the current limiting means is preset to be in an enabled/enabled state (e.g., the switch circuit is preset to be turned off), so that the power circuit is maintained in a turned-off/current-limiting state (i.e., the LED module cannot be lit up) before confirming that there is no risk of electric shock (i.e., the lamp is correctly installed), and the current limiting means is switched to be in a turned-off/disabled state after determining that the lamp is correctly installed. Such an arrangement may be referred to as a pulse detection setting (duty cycle set to greater than 0 and less than 1). Under the pulse detection setting, the installation detection action is carried out in the enabling period of each pulse after the external power supply is connected (namely, the LED module is not lighted at the moment), and the specific electric shock prevention means is realized by 'current limitation is not carried out when the lamp tube is determined to be correctly installed'.
If the duty ratio of the pulse signal generated by the pulse generating means is 1, the installation detecting module can detect the signal on the power supply loop/detection path in real time/continuously to serve as a basis for judging the equivalent impedance, and when the equivalent impedance change is judged to indicate that people have electric shock risks, the current limiting means is switched to be in an on/enabled state (for example, the switch circuit is switched to be off), and then the lamp tube is powered off. In this arrangement, the current limiting means is preset to be in an off/disabled state (e.g., the switch circuit is preset to be on), so that the power circuit is maintained in an on/off state (i.e., the LED module can be turned on) before the risk of electric shock is confirmed, and the current limiting means is switched to be in an on/enabled state when it is determined that the real risk of electric shock may exist. Such an arrangement may be referred to as a continuous detection setting (duty cycle set to 1). Under the continuous detection setting, the installation detection action is continuously carried out no matter whether the lamp tube is lighted or not after the external power supply is connected, and at the moment, the specific electric shock prevention means is realized by 'immediately carrying out current limiting when the electric shock risk is determined to occur'.
Further, the risk of electric shock is likely to occur whenever an external power source is connected to either end of the lamp tube, as shown in fig. 23, and the installer is exposed to the risk of electric shock whenever a hand touches a conductive portion of the lamp tube, regardless of whether the installer is performing the installation or removal of the lamp tube. In order to avoid such risks, in the embodiment, the installation detection module can perform comprehensive detection and protection on the installation situation and the electric shock situation according to the pulse detection setting or the continuous detection setting under the condition that the lamp tube is connected with an external power supply no matter whether the lamp tube is in a lighted state, so that the use safety of the lamp tube can be further improved.
In addition, in the application of the continuous detection setting, the pulse generation means can also be regarded as a path enabling means for presetting a turn-on signal to turn on the power supply circuit/detection path. In an exemplary embodiment, the circuit configurations of the detecting pulse generating modules 2540, 2740 and 3040, the pulse generating auxiliary circuit 2840 and the signal generating unit 2940 of the foregoing embodiments may be modified correspondingly to the circuit configuration for providing the fixed voltage. In addition, the switching logic of the switching circuits 2580, 2680, 2780, 2880, 2960 and 3080 can be modified to be preset to be on and turned off when the electric shock risk is determined (which can be realized by adjusting the logic gates of the detection result latch circuit). In another exemplary embodiment, by adjusting the arrangement of the detection decision circuit and the detection path circuit, the circuit structure for generating the pulse can be omitted. For example, the installation detection module of the first preferred embodiment may only include the detection result latch circuit 2560, the detection decision circuit 2570 and the switch circuit 2580, the installation detection module of the second preferred embodiment may only include the detection result latch circuit 2760, the detection decision circuit 2770 and the switch circuit 2780, and so on for the other preferred embodiments. In addition, under the architecture of providing additional detection paths, if the continuous detection setting is adopted, the detection pulse generating module 3040 may be omitted, and the detection path circuit 3090 may be set to remain in the on state (e.g., omitting the transistor 3095).
Referring to fig. 24A, fig. 24A is a schematic application block diagram of a power module of a straight LED tube lamp according to a ninth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Compared to fig. 12A, the LED straight lamp of the present embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a driving circuit 2530, and an LED module 630, and further includes a detecting circuit 2620. The connection relationship among the rectifying circuit 510, the filter circuit 520, the driving circuit 2530 and the LED module 630 is as described in the embodiment of fig. 12A, and is not described herein again. The detecting circuit 2620 of the present embodiment has an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is coupled to the power loop of the LED straight lamp, and the output terminal is coupled to the driving circuit 2530.
Specifically, in the first exemplary embodiment, after the LED straight lamp is powered on (whether correctly mounted or incorrectly mounted), the driving circuit 1530 is preset to enter a mounting detection mode. In the mounting detection mode, the driving circuit 2530 provides a lighting control signal with a narrow pulse (e.g., a pulse width less than 1ms) to drive a power switch (not shown), so that the driving current generated by the driving circuit 2530 in the mounting detection mode is less than 5MIU or 5 mA. On the other hand, in the mounting detection mode, the detection circuit 2620 detects the electrical signal on the power circuit and generates a mounting detection signal Sidm according to the detected result to transmit back to the driving circuit 2530. The driving circuit 2530 determines whether to enter the normal driving mode according to the received mounting detection signal Sidm. If the driving circuit 2530 determines that the mounting detection mode is maintained, the driving circuit 2530 outputs a lighting control signal with narrow pulses according to a set frequency to turn on the power switch briefly, so that the detection circuit 2620 can detect the electrical signal on the power loop and make the current on the power loop less than 5MIU in the entire mounting detection mode. On the contrary, if the driving circuit 2530 determines to enter the normal driving mode, the driving circuit 2530 will generate the adjustable pulse width lighting control signal according to at least one or a combination of the input voltage, the output voltage and the output current.
Fig. 24B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection circuit and a driving circuit according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The driving circuit 2530 of the present embodiment includes a controller 2531 and a conversion circuit 2532, wherein the controller 2531 includes a signal receiving unit 2533, a sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 and a comparing unit 2536, and the conversion circuit 2532 includes a switch circuit (also referred to as a power switch) 2535 and a tank circuit 2538. An input terminal of the signal receiving unit 2533 receives the feedback signal Vfb and the installation detection signal Sidm, and an output terminal of the signal receiving unit 2533 is coupled to a first input terminal of the comparing unit 2536. An output terminal of the sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 is coupled to a second input terminal of the comparing unit 2536. An output terminal of the comparing unit 2536 is coupled to a control terminal of the switching circuit 2535. The relative configuration and practical circuit examples of the switch circuit 2535 and the tank circuit 2538 are as described in fig. 12A-12B and 12G-12J, and are not repeated herein.
In the controller 2531, the signal receiving unit 2533 may be, for example, a circuit composed of an error amplifier, which is configured to receive a feedback signal Vfb related to voltage and current information in the power module and an installation detection signal Sidm provided by a detection circuit 2620. In one embodiment, the signal receiving unit 2533 selectively outputs a predetermined voltage Vp or a feedback signal Vfb to the first input terminal of the comparing unit 2536 according to the installation detection signal Sidm. The sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 is used for generating a sawtooth wave signal Ssw to a second input terminal of the comparing unit 2536, wherein the sawtooth wave signal Ssw has at least one of a rising edge and a falling edge with a non-infinite slope in a signal waveform of each period. In addition, the sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 of the present embodiment can generate the sawtooth wave signal Ssw at a fixed operating frequency no matter what mode the driving circuit 2530 operates in, or can generate the sawtooth wave signal Ssw at different operating frequencies in different operating modes (i.e., the sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 can change its operating frequency according to the installation detection signal Sidm), which is not limited by the invention. The comparing unit 2536 compares the signal levels at the first input terminal and the second input terminal, and outputs the lighting control signal Slc at a high level when the signal level at the first input terminal is greater than the signal level at the second input terminal, and outputs the lighting control signal Slc at a low level when the signal level at the first input terminal is not greater than the signal level at the second input terminal. In other words, the comparing unit 2536 outputs a high level during the period when the signal level of the sawtooth wave signal Ssw is greater than the preset voltage Vp or the feedback signal Vfb, so as to generate the lighting control signal Slc in a pulse form.
Referring to fig. 24B and 27C together, fig. 27C is a schematic signal timing diagram of a power module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the LED straight lamp is powered on (both ends are mounted to the lamp socket, or one end is mounted to the lamp socket and the other end is touched by a user by mistake), the driving circuit 2530 is activated and enters the installation detection mode DTM in advance. In the following description, the operation in the first period T1 is described, in the mounting detection mode, the signal receiving unit 2533 outputs the preset voltage Vp to the first input terminal of the comparing unit 2536, and the sawtooth wave generating unit 2534 also starts generating the sawtooth wave signal Ssw to the second input terminal of the comparing unit 2536. In terms of the signal level variation of the sawtooth wave SW, the signal level of the sawtooth wave SW gradually rises from the initial level after the time point ts when the driving circuit 2530 is started, and gradually falls to the initial level after reaching the peak level. Before the signal level of the sawtooth wave SW rises to the preset voltage Vp, the comparing unit 2536 outputs a low-level lighting control signal Slc; during the period after the signal level of the sawtooth wave SW rises to exceed the preset voltage Vp and before the signal level falls back to be lower than the preset voltage Vp again, the comparing unit 2536 pulls up the lighting control signal Slc to a high level; and after the signal level of the sawtooth wave SW falls below the preset voltage Vp again, the comparing unit 2536 pulls down the lighting control signal Slc to the low level again. By the comparison operation, the comparing unit 2536 generates the pulse DP based on the sawtooth wave SW1 and the preset voltage Vp, wherein the pulse period DPW of the pulse DP is a period during which the signal level of the sawtooth wave SW is higher than the preset voltage Vp.
The lighting control signal Slc with the pulse DP is transmitted to the control terminal of the switch circuit 2535, so that the switch circuit 2535 is turned on during the pulse DPW, and the energy storage unit 2538 stores energy, and generates a driving current on the power circuit. Since the generation of the driving current may cause the signal characteristics of the power loop, such as signal level/waveform/frequency, to change, the detection circuit 2620 detects that the level change SP occurs in the sampling signal Ssp at this time. The detecting circuit 2620 further determines whether the level change SP exceeds a reference voltage Vref. In the first period T1, since the level change SP has not exceeded the reference voltage Vref, the detecting circuit 2620 outputs the corresponding installation detection signal Sidm to the signal receiving unit 2533, so that the signal receiving unit 2533 continues to maintain the installation detection mode DTM and continuously outputs the preset voltage Vp to the comparing unit 2536. In the second period T2, since the level change of the sampling signal Ssp is similar to that in the first period T1, the overall circuit operation is the same as that in the first period T1, and thus, the description thereof is not repeated.
In other words, in the first period T1 and the second period T2, the LED straight tube lamp is determined to be not installed correctly. In addition, although the driving circuit 2530 generates the driving current on the power supply loop in this state, the current value of the driving current is not harmful to the human body (less than 5mA/MIU, as low as 0) because the on-time of the switch circuit 2535 is relatively short.
After entering the third period T3, the detecting circuit 2620 determines that the level change of the sampling signal Ssp exceeds the reference voltage Vref, and thus sends a corresponding mounting detection signal Sidm to the signal receiving unit 2533, thereby indicating that the LED straight lamp has been correctly mounted on the lamp socket. When the signal receiving unit 2533 receives the installation detection signal Sidm indicating that the LED straight lamp is correctly installed, the driving circuit 2530 enters the normal driving mode DRM from the installation detection mode DTM after the third period T3 is finished. In the fourth period T4 of the normal driving mode DRM, the signal receiving unit 2533 generates a corresponding signal to the comparing unit 2536 according to the feedback signal Vfb received from the outside, so that the comparing unit 2536 can dynamically adjust the pulse width of the lighting control signal Slc according to the information of the input voltage, the output voltage, the driving current, and the like, and further the LED module can be lighted and maintained at the set brightness. In the normal driving mode DRM, the detecting circuit 2620 may stop operating, or continue operating but the signal receiving unit 2533 neglects to install the detecting signal sipm, which is not limited by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 24A again, in the second exemplary embodiment, after the LED straight lamp is powered on (whether correctly mounted or incorrectly mounted), the detecting circuit 2620 is activated in response to the formation of the current path, detects the electrical signal of the power circuit for a short period of time, and transmits a mounting detection signal Sidm back to the driving circuit 2530 according to the detection result. The driving circuit 2530 determines whether to start up for performing the power conversion operation according to the received mounting detection signal Sidm. When the detection circuit 2620 outputs an installation detection signal Sidm indicating that the lamp tube is correctly installed, the driving circuit 2530 is activated in response to the installation detection signal Sidm and generates a driving signal to drive the power switch, thereby converting the received power into an output power to be output to the LED module; in this case, the detection circuit 2620 switches to an operation mode that does not affect the power conversion operation after outputting the installation detection signal Sidm indicating that the lamp is correctly installed. On the other hand, when the detection circuit 2620 outputs the installation detection signal Sidm indicating that the lamp is not correctly installed, the driving circuit 2530 is maintained in the closed state until receiving the installation detection signal Sidm indicating that the lamp is correctly installed; in this case, the detection circuit 2620 keeps detecting the electrical signal on the power circuit in the original detection mode until detecting that the lamp is correctly installed.
The second exemplary embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 24C, and fig. 24C is a circuit diagram of a detection circuit and a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a detecting circuit 2620 and a driving circuit 2530, wherein the detecting circuit 2620 includes a detection control circuit 2621, a detection path circuit 2622 and a detection decision circuit 2623; the driving circuit 2530 is exemplified by the power conversion circuit architecture of fig. 12G, and includes a controller 2531, an inductor 2532, a diode 2533, a capacitor 2534, a transistor 2535 and a resistor 2536.
In the detection circuit 2620, a detection path circuit 2622 is exemplified by a configuration similar to the embodiment of fig. 21B, and includes a transistor 26221 and a resistor 26222. The drain of the transistor 26221 is coupled to the second terminals of the capacitors 725, 727, and the source is coupled to the first terminal of the resistor 26222. A second terminal of the resistor 26222 is coupled to the first ground GND 1. Additionally, the first ground terminal GND1 and the second ground terminal GND2 of the LED module 630 may be the same ground terminal or two electrically independent ground terminals, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The detection control circuit 2621 is coupled to a gate of the transistor 26221 and configured to control a conducting state of the transistor 26221. The detection and determination circuit 2623 is coupled to the first end of the resistor 26222 and the controller 2531, wherein the detection and determination circuit 2623 samples the electrical signal at the first end of the resistor 26222 and compares the sampled electrical signal with a reference signal to determine whether the lamp is correctly mounted; the detection determining circuit 2623 generates an installation detection signal Sidm according to the comparison result and transmits the installation detection signal Sidm to the controller 2531. In the present embodiment, details and characteristics of the operations of the detection control circuit 2621, the detection path circuit 2622 and the detection determination circuit 2623 can be referred to the related descriptions of the detection pulse generating module 3240, the detection path circuit 3290 and the detection determination circuit 3270 in the embodiment of fig. 21B, and are not repeated herein.
In summary, compared to the power module including the installation detection module (2520), the power module according to the ninth preferred embodiment integrates the installation detection and electric shock prevention circuits and functions into the driving circuit, so that the driving circuit becomes a driving circuit with electric shock prevention and installation detection functions. More specifically, the power module of the first exemplary embodiment only needs to be provided with a detection circuit 2620 for detecting an electrical signal of the power circuit, so as to implement the mounting detection and the electric shock prevention of the LED straight tube lamp in cooperation with the driving circuit 2530, that is, by adjusting the control manner of the driving circuit 2530, the detection pulse generating module, the detection result latch circuit and the switch circuit in the mounting detection module can all be implemented by the hardware structure of the existing driving circuit 2530 without adding additional circuit elements. In the first exemplary embodiment, since there is no need for a complicated circuit design in which the detection module includes the detection pulse generation module, the detection result latch circuit, the detection determination circuit, the switch circuit, and the like as described above, the design cost of the entire power module can be effectively reduced. In addition, due to the reduction of circuit components, the layout of the power module has larger space and lower power consumption, which is beneficial to enabling the input power supply to be more used for lighting the LED module, further improving the lighting effect and reducing the heat caused by the power module.
The configuration and operation mechanism of the detecting circuit 2620 of the second exemplary embodiment are similar to the detecting pulse generating module, the detecting path circuit and the detecting decision circuit in the installed detecting module, and the detecting result latch circuit and the switch circuit in the originally installed detecting module are replaced by the existing controller and power switch of the driving circuit. In the second exemplary embodiment, the installation detection signal Sidm can be easily designed to be compatible with the signal format of the controller 2531 through a specific configuration of the detection path circuit (2622), thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of circuit design on the basis of reducing the circuit complexity.
Incidentally, although the second exemplary embodiment is described with a configuration similar to the detection path circuit 3290 of fig. 21B, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other applications, the detection path circuit may also utilize the configurations of the other embodiments described above to achieve sampling/monitoring of transient electrical signals.
Referring to fig. 25A, fig. 25A is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a tenth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of this embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a detection trigger circuit 3020, and a driving circuit 2630. The configuration of the rectifying circuit 510 and the filtering circuit 520 is similar to that described in the previous embodiment. The detecting trigger circuit 3020 is disposed on the power circuit (which is disposed at the rear stage of the filter circuit 520, but the present invention is not limited thereto), and is coupled to the power source end or the voltage detecting end of the driving circuit 2630. An output terminal of the driving circuit 2630 is coupled to the LED module 630.
In the present embodiment, the detection trigger circuit 3020 is activated when the external power is applied to the power module, so as to adjust the electrical signal provided to the power source terminal or the voltage detection terminal of the driving circuit 2630 into an electrical signal having a first waveform characteristic. When the driving circuit 2630 receives the electrical signal with the first waveform characteristic, it enters a detection stage to output a narrow pulse meeting the detection requirement to drive the power switch, and then determines whether the lamp tube is correctly mounted on the lamp socket by detecting the magnitude of the current flowing through the power switch or the LED module 630. If the lamp tube is correctly installed, the driving circuit 2630 will drive the power switch by changing the driving mode under normal operation, so that the driving circuit 2630 can provide a stable output power to light the LED module 630; at this time, the detection trigger circuit 3020 is turned off, so that the power supplied to the driving circuit 2630 is not affected, i.e., the electrical signal supplied to the power source terminal or the voltage detection terminal of the driving circuit does not have the first waveform characteristic. If the lamp is not correctly installed, the driving circuit 2630 continues to drive the power switch with narrow pulses until the lamp is correctly installed. The signal timing of this portion is similar to that shown in FIG. 27C and can be described with reference to the corresponding paragraphs.
For example, fig. 25B and fig. 25C are combined to illustrate specific circuit modules, fig. 25B is a circuit diagram of a detection trigger circuit and a driving circuit according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 25C is a schematic diagram of an application circuit block of an integrated controller according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the driving circuit 2630 includes an integrated controller 2631, an inductor 2632, a diode 2633, an inductor 2634 and a resistor 2635, wherein the integrated controller 2631 includes a plurality of signal receiving terminals, such as a power terminal P _ VIN, a voltage detecting terminal P _ VSEN, a current detecting terminal P _ ISEN, a driving terminal P _ DRN, a compensation terminal P _ COMP and a reference ground terminal P _ GND. The first terminal of the inductor 2632 and the anode of the diode 2633 are commonly connected to the driving terminal P _ DRN of the integrated controller 2631. The resistor 2635 is connected to the current sensing terminal I _ SEN of the integrated controller 2631. The detecting trigger circuit 3020 may be, for example, a switch circuit in the embodiment, which is connected to the voltage detecting terminal V _ SEN of the integrated controller 2631. In addition, in response to the operation requirement of the integrated controller 2631, the power module further includes a plurality of auxiliary circuits disposed outside the integrated controller 2631, such as resistors Rb1 and Rb2 connected to the output end of the filter circuit 520. Other external auxiliary circuits, not shown, may be included in the power module, but this part does not affect the description of the overall circuit operation.
The integrated controller 2631 includes a pulse control unit PCU, a power switch unit PSW, a current control unit CCU, a gain amplification unit Gm, a bias unit BU, a detection trigger unit DTU, a switching unit SWU, and comparison units CU1 and CU 2. The pulse control unit PCU is configured to generate a pulse signal to control the power switching unit PSW. The power switch unit PSW connects the inductor 2632 and the diode 2633 through the driving terminal P _ DRN and switches in response to the control of the pulse signal, so that the inductor 2632 can repeatedly charge and discharge energy in the normal operation mode to provide a stable output current to the LED module 630. The current control unit CCU receives the voltage detection signal VSEN through the voltage detection terminal P _ VSEN and receives a current detection signal (denoted by ISEN) indicating a magnitude of a current ISEN flowing through the resistor 2635 through the current detection terminal P _ ISEN, wherein the current control unit CCU knows a real-time operating state of the LED module 630 according to the voltage detection signal VSEN and the current detection signal ISEN in a normal operating mode, and generates an output adjustment signal according to the operating state. The output adjustment signal is processed by the gain amplifying unit Gm and then provided to the pulse control unit PCU, which is used as a reference for the pulse control unit PCU to generate the pulse signal. The bias unit BU receives the signal filtered by the filter circuit 520 from the power module and generates a stable driving voltage VCC and a reference voltage VREF for each unit in the integrated controller 2631. The detection trigger unit DTU connects the detection trigger circuit 3020 and the resistors Rb1 and Rb2 through the voltage detection terminal P _ VSEN, and is configured to detect whether a signal characteristic of the voltage detection signal VSEN received from the voltage detection terminal P _ VSEN meets a first waveform characteristic, and output a detection result signal to the pulse control unit PCU according to the detection result. The switching unit SWU is connected to a first terminal of the resistor 2635 through a current detection terminal P _ ISEN, and selectively provides a current detection signal ISEN to the comparison unit CU1 or CU2 according to a detection result of the detection trigger unit DTU. The comparing unit CU1, which is mainly used for overcurrent protection, compares the received current detection signal ISEN with an overcurrent reference signal VOCP and outputs the result of the comparison to the pulse control unit PCU. The comparison unit CU2, which is mainly used for protection against electric shock, compares the received current detection signal ISEN with an installation reference signal VIDM and outputs the result of the comparison to the pulse control unit PCU.
Specifically, when the LED straight lamp is powered on, the detection trigger circuit 3020 is activated first, and influences/adjusts the voltage detection signal VSEN provided to the voltage detection terminal P _ VSEN by switching the switch, so that the voltage detection signal VSEN has a specific first waveform characteristic. For example, taking the detecting trigger circuit 3020 as a switch, the detecting trigger circuit 3020 may switch the conducting state for a short time continuously for a predetermined time interval several times during the start-up, so that the voltage detecting signal VSEN may oscillate in response to the voltage waveform of the switch. The integrated controller 2631 is preset to be inactive when receiving power, i.e. the pulse control unit PCU does not immediately output a pulse signal to drive the power switch unit PSW to light the LED module 630. The detection trigger unit DTU determines whether the waveform characteristics thereof meet the set first waveform characteristics according to the voltage detection signal VSEN, and transmits the determination result to the pulse control unit PCU.
When the pulse control unit PCU receives a signal indicating that the voltage detection signal VSEN conforms to the first waveform characteristic from the detection trigger unit DTU, the integrated controller 2631 enters the mounting detection mode. In the installation detection mode, the pulse control unit PCU outputs a narrow pulse to drive the power switch unit PSW, so that the current on the power supply circuit is limited to a current value (e.g. 5MIU) that does not pose a risk of human body electric shock. On the other hand, in the mounting detection mode, the switching unit SWU switches to the circuit configuration for transmitting the current sensing signal ISEN to the comparing unit CU2, so that the comparing unit CU2 can compare the current sensing signal ISEN with the mounting reference signal VIDM. In the case of incorrect installation, the second end of the resistor 2635 is equivalently connected to the ground GND1 through the body resistor Rbody, and in the case of series connection of resistors, the equivalent resistance value is increased, so that the current detection signal ISEN pulse control unit PCU can know whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed on the lamp socket according to the comparison result of the comparison unit CU 2. Therefore, if the pulse control unit PCU determines that the LED straight lamp is not correctly mounted on the lamp socket according to the comparison result of the comparison unit CU2, the integrated controller 2631 is kept operating in the mounting detection mode, i.e., the pulse control unit PCU continues to output narrow pulses to drive the power switch unit PSW and determines whether the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted according to the current sensing signal ISEN. If the pulse control unit PCU determines that the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted to the lamp socket according to the comparison result of the comparison unit CU2, the integrated controller 2631 enters the normal operation mode.
In the normal operation mode, the detecting trigger circuit 3020 stops functioning, i.e., the detecting trigger circuit 3020 no longer affects/adjusts the voltage detecting signal VSEN. At this time, the voltage detection signal VSEN is determined only by the divided voltages of the resistors Rb1 and Rb 2. In the integrated controller 2631, the detection trigger unit DTU may be disabled, or the pulse control unit PCU may no longer refer to the signal output by the detection trigger unit DTU. The pulse control unit PCU mainly uses signals output by the current control unit CCU and the gain amplification unit Gm as a basis for adjusting the pulse width, so that the pulse control unit PCU outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the rated power to drive the power switch unit PSW, thereby providing a stable current to the LED module 630. On the other hand, the switching unit SWU is switched to a circuit configuration that transmits the current sensing signal ISEN to the comparing unit CU1, so that the comparing unit CU1 can compare the current sensing signal ISEN with the over-current protection signal VOCP, and further the pulse control unit PCU can adjust the output pulse signal when an over-current condition occurs, thereby avoiding circuit damage. It should be noted here that the function of the over-current protection is optional in the integrated controller 2631. In other embodiments, the integrated controller 2631 may not include the comparing unit CU1, and in this configuration, the switching unit SWU may be omitted at the same time, so that the current detection signal ISEN may be directly provided to the input terminal of the comparing unit CU 2.
Referring to fig. 25D, fig. 25D is a circuit diagram of a detection trigger circuit and a driving circuit according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment shown in fig. 25B, and only the difference is that the present embodiment adds the configuration of the transistor Mp and the parallel resistor array Rpa, wherein the drain of the transistor Mp is connected to the first end of the resistor 2635, the gate is connected to a detection control end of the integrated controller 2631, and the source is connected to the first end of the parallel resistor array Rpa. The parallel resistor array Rpa includes a plurality of resistors connected in parallel, and the resistance of the parallel resistor array Rpa can be set corresponding to the resistor 2635, wherein the second end of the parallel resistor array Rpa is connected to the ground GND 1.
In this embodiment, the integrated controller 2631 sends a corresponding signal to the gate of the transistor Mp via the detection control terminal according to the current operation mode, so that the transistor Mp is turned on in response to the received signal in the installation detection mode and turned off in response to the received signal in the normal operation mode. Under the condition that the transistor Mp is turned on, the parallel resistor array Rpa can be equivalently connected with the resistor 2635 in parallel, so that the equivalent resistance value is reduced, and the equivalent resistance value is further matched with the human body resistance. Therefore, when the straight tube lamp is not correctly installed and the human body resistor is connected to the power circuit, the detection current signal ISEN can make the current change when the human body resistor is added more obvious through the adjustment of the equivalent resistance value, and the accuracy of installation detection is further improved.
Referring to fig. 26A, fig. 26A is a schematic application block diagram of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to an eleventh preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the installation detection module 2720 is configured to continuously detect a signal on the power loop, where the installation detection module 2720 includes a control circuit 3160, a detection determination circuit 3170, and a current limiting circuit 3180. The control circuit 3160 is used to control the current limiting circuit 3180 according to the detection result generated by the detection decision circuit 3170, so that the current limiting circuit 3180 can determine whether to perform the current limiting operation in response to the control of the control circuit 3160. The control circuit 3160 controls the current limiting circuit 3180 to perform no current limiting operation, i.e., the current on the power loop is not limited by the current limiting circuit 3180. Therefore, in a predetermined state, as long as an external power is connected, the rectified and filtered power can be provided to the LED module 630 through the power loop.
More specifically, the detection decision circuit 3170 is enabled by the external power source, and starts to continuously detect the signal at a specific node in the power loop and transmit the detection result signal to the control circuit 3160. The control circuit 3160 determines whether a person touches the touch panel according to one or more of the level, waveform, frequency and other signal characteristics of the detection result signal. When the control circuit 3160 determines that a person touches the touch panel according to the detection result signal, the current limiting circuit 3180 is controlled to perform a current limiting operation, so that the current on the power loop is limited to be lower than a specific current value, thereby preventing an electric shock. It should be noted that the specific node may be located at the input side or the output side of the rectifying circuit 510, the filtering circuit 520, the driving circuit 1530 or the LED module 630, which is not limited by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 26B, fig. 26B is a schematic application block diagram of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a twelfth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The installation detection module 2820 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the installation detection module 2720 of the previous embodiment, and the main difference is that the installation detection module 2820 is configured to continuously detect the signal on the detection path. The installation detecting module 2820 includes a control circuit 3260, a detection determining circuit 3270, a current limiting circuit 3280 and a detection path circuit 3290, wherein operations of the control circuit 3260, the detection determining circuit 3270 and the current limiting circuit 3280 can refer to the description of the above embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that the detection path circuit 3290 may be disposed on the input side or the output side of the rectifying circuit 510, the filtering circuit 520, the driving circuit 1530 or the LED module 630, which is not limited to the present invention. In addition, the detection path circuit 3290 can be implemented by any circuit configuration that can respond to the impedance change of a human body by passive devices (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) or active devices (such as transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers, etc.).
In summary, the power module shown in fig. 26A and 26B is applied and configured under the continuous detection setting, and can be used as an installation detection mechanism alone or together with the pulse detection setting as an installation detection/electric shock protection mechanism. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the lamp may apply the pulse detection setting in an unlit state and instead apply the continuous detection setting after the lamp is lit. From the circuit operation perspective, the switching between the pulse detection setting and the continuous detection setting may be determined based on the current on the power loop, for example, when the current on the power loop is smaller than a specific value (e.g. 5MIU), the installation detection module selects to enable the pulse detection setting, and when the current on the power loop is larger than the specific value, the installation detection module switches to enable the continuous detection setting. From the perspective of lamp installation and operation, the installation detection module is preset to enable pulse detection setting, so that when the lamp tube is powered on or receives an external power supply each time, the installation detection module firstly detects whether the lamp tube is correctly installed and carries out electric shock protection by the pulse detection setting, and once the lamp tube is correctly installed on the lamp holder and is lighted, the installation detection module is switched to detect whether the lamp tube is mistakenly contacted with the conductive part by the continuous detection setting to generate electric shock risk. In addition, if the lamp tube is powered off, the installation detection module is reset to the pulse detection setting again.
In view of the hardware configuration of the LED straight tube lamp system, the designer can selectively apply the pulse detection setting and the continuous detection setting to the LED straight tube lamp system according to the requirement, regardless of whether the installation detection module is built in the LED straight tube lamp (as shown in fig. 15A) or externally mounted on the lamp holder (as shown in fig. 15B). In other words, regardless of the configuration of the internal installation detection module or the external installation detection module 2520, the installation detection module can perform the installation detection and the electric shock protection operations according to the above description of the embodiments.
The difference between the internal installation detection module and the external installation detection module is that the first installation detection terminal and the second installation detection terminal of the external installation detection module are connected between an external power grid/signal source and a pin of the LED straight tube lamp (i.e., connected in series on a signal line of an external driving signal), and are electrically connected to a power circuit of the LED straight tube lamp through the pin. On the other hand, although not directly illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that in the embodiment of the installation detection module of the present invention, the installation detection module further includes a bias circuit for generating a driving voltage, wherein the driving voltage is provided to a power source required by the operation of each circuit in the installation detection module.
In order to describe the working mechanism of the installation detection module specifically, in the embodiment related to the installation detection module, the components in the installation detection module are mainly subdivided into a plurality of different functional modules, such as a detection pulse generation module, a detection determination circuit, a detection result latch circuit/control circuit, and a switch circuit/current limiting circuit/bias adjustment circuit, but the invention is not limited thereto in the actual circuit design. From another perspective, as shown in fig. 28A, in the mounting detection module, circuits related to detecting a mounting state and performing switching control may be collectively or integrally referred to as a detection controller 2420; the circuit for influencing the magnitude of the current on the power supply circuit in response to the control of the detection controller 2420 may be collectively or integrally referred to as a switching circuit 2440. In addition, although not specifically shown in the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any circuit including active devices requires a corresponding driving voltage VCC to operate, and therefore, some components/circuits in the mounting detection module are used for generating the driving voltage. In the embodiment, the circuit for generating the driving voltage VCC is referred to as a bias circuit 2450.
In the functional module allocation of the embodiment, the detection controller 2420 is used for performing the installation state detection/impedance detection to determine whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed on the lamp socket, or to say, whether there is an abnormal impedance access (e.g. human body impedance), wherein the detection controller 2420 controls the switch circuit 2440 according to the determination result. When the detection controller 2420 determines that the LED straight lamp is not correctly installed/has an abnormal impedance access, the detection controller 2420 controls the switch circuit 2440 to be turned off, so as to prevent the current on the power supply loop from being too large to cause electric shock hazard. The switch circuit 2440 is a circuit for controlling the normal flow of the current in the power supply circuit when it is determined that the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted/connected to the abnormal impedance, and for controlling the current in the power supply circuit to be less than or equal to the electric shock safety value when it is determined that the LED straight lamp is incorrectly mounted/connected to the abnormal impedance. The switch circuit 2440 may be a switch circuit/current limit circuit (e.g., the switch circuit 2580 of fig. 16A, the switch circuit 2780 of fig. 17A, the switch circuit 2880 of fig. 18A, the switch unit 2960 of fig. 19A, the switch circuit 3080 of fig. 20A, the switch circuit 3180 of fig. 21A, the current limit circuit 3180 of fig. 26A, the current limit circuit 3280 of fig. 26B), a bias adjustment circuit (e.g., the bias adjustment circuit 3480 of fig. 22A) connected to a power supply terminal or a start terminal of a driver circuit controller, or a power switch (e.g., the power switch 2535 of fig. 24B) in a circuit configuration that is independent of a driver circuit and connected in series to a power supply circuit. The bias circuit 2450 is used to provide the driving voltage VCC for the operation of the detection controller 2420, and an embodiment thereof can be seen in fig. 28B and 28C, which will be described in part later.
From a functional point of view, the detection controller 2420 can be regarded as a detection control means used in the installation detection module of the present invention, and the switch circuit 2440 can be regarded as a switch means used in the installation detection module of the present invention, wherein the switch means can correspond to any one of the possible circuit implementation types of the switch circuit 2440, and the detection control means can correspond to part or all of the circuits except the switch means in the installation detection module.
From the viewpoint of circuit operation, the step of the detection controller 2420 determining whether the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted on the lamp holder/whether there is an abnormal impedance connection is shown in fig. 33, and includes: turning on the detection path for a period of time and then turning off (step S101); sampling the electric signal on the detection path while the detection path is on (step S102); judging whether the sampled electric signal conforms to the preset signal characteristics (step S103); when the determination of step S103 is yes, the control switch circuit 2440 operates in the first configuration (step S104); and when the determination of step S103 is no, the control switch circuit 2440 operates in the second configuration (step S105), and then returns to step S101.
The setting of the detection path and the setting of the period length for turning on the detection path can be described with reference to the foregoing embodiments. In step S101, the detection path may be turned on for a period of time by a pulse-type switching control means.
In step S102, the sampled electrical signal may be a voltage signal, a current signal, a frequency signal, a phase signal, or the like, which may represent a change in impedance of the detection path.
In step S103, the action of determining whether the sampled electrical signal meets the predetermined signal characteristic may be, for example, comparing the relative relationship between the sampled electrical signal and a predetermined signal. In the present embodiment, the determination by the detection controller 2420 that the electrical signal meets the preset signal characteristic may correspond to a determination of whether the LED straight lamp is correctly mounted/has no abnormal impedance access, and the determination by the detection controller 2420 that the electrical signal does not meet the preset signal characteristic may correspond to a determination of whether the LED straight lamp is incorrectly mounted/has abnormal impedance access.
In steps S104 and S105, the first configuration and the second configuration are two different circuit configurations, and may depend on the configuration position and the type of the switch circuit 2440. For example, in an embodiment where the switch circuit 2440 is a switch circuit/current limiting circuit independent of the driving circuit and connected in series to the power circuit, the first configuration may be an on configuration (non-current limiting configuration) and the second configuration may be an off configuration (current limiting configuration). In an embodiment where the switch circuit 2440 is a bias adjustment circuit connected to a power supply terminal or an activation terminal of the driving circuit controller, the first configuration may be an off configuration (normal bias configuration), and the second configuration may be an on configuration (adjusted bias configuration). In an embodiment where the switch circuit 2440 is a power switch in a driving circuit, the first configuration may be a driving control configuration (i.e., the switching of the power switch is controlled only by the driving circuit controller, and the detection controller 2420 does not affect the control of the power switch), and the second configuration may be an off configuration.
The detailed operation and circuit examples of the above steps are specifically described in the embodiments of the installation detection module, and the operation mechanism of the installation detection module is only described in different angles.
Referring to fig. 28B, fig. 28B is a circuit diagram of a bias circuit for mounting a detecting module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Under the application of ac power input, the bias circuit 2550 includes a rectifying circuit 2551, resistors 2552 and 2553, and a capacitor 2554. In the present embodiment, the rectifying circuit 2551 is a full-wave rectifying bridge, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The input terminal of the rectifying circuit 2551 receives the external drive signal Sed and rectifies the external drive signal Sed to output a direct-current rectified signal at the output terminal. The resistors 2552 and 2553 are connected in series between the output terminals of the rectifying circuit 2551, and the capacitor 2554 and the resistor 2553 are connected in parallel, wherein the rectified signal is converted into the driving voltage VCC through the voltage division of the resistors 2552 and 2553 and the voltage stabilization of the capacitor 2554, and then outputted from two ends (i.e., the node PN and the ground) of the capacitor 2554.
In the embodiment of the built-in installation detection module, since the power module of the LED straight-tube lamp itself includes the rectifying circuit (e.g. 510), the rectifying circuit 2551 can be replaced by the existing rectifying circuit of the power module, and the resistors 2522 and 2553 and the capacitor 2554 can be directly connected to the power circuit, so as to use the rectified bus voltage (i.e. rectified voltage) on the power circuit as the power source. In the embodiment of the externally installed detection module, since the installation detection module directly uses the external driving signal Sed as a power supply source, the rectifying circuit 2551 is independent of the power supply module, so as to convert the ac signal into the dc driving voltage VCC for the internal circuit of the installation detection module.
Referring to fig. 28C, fig. 28C is a circuit diagram of a bias circuit for mounting a detecting module according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the bias circuit 2650 includes a rectifying circuit 2651, a resistor 2652, a zener diode 2653 and a capacitor 2654. The present embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in fig. 28B, and the main difference between the two embodiments is that the zener diode 2653 is used to replace the resistor 2553 shown in fig. 28B, so that the driving voltage VCC is more stable.
Referring to fig. 29, fig. 29 is a block diagram of an application circuit of a detection pulse generating module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The detection pulse generating module 3140 of the present embodiment includes a pulse start circuit 3141 and a pulse width determining circuit 3142. The pulse start circuit 3141 is configured to receive the external driving signal Sed and determine a time point when the detection pulse generation module 3140 sends out a pulse according to the external driving signal Sed. The pulse width determining circuit 3142 is coupled to the output terminal of the pulse enable circuit 3141, and is used for setting the pulse width and sending out the pulse signal DP meeting the set pulse width at the time point indicated by the pulse enable circuit 3141.
In some embodiments, the detection pulse generation module 3140 may further include an output buffer circuit 3143. The input terminal of the output buffer circuit 3143 is coupled to the output terminal of the pulse width determination circuit 3142, and is used for adjusting the waveform (e.g., voltage, current) of the output signal of the pulse width determination circuit 3142, so as to output the pulse signal DP meeting the operation requirement of the back-end circuit.
Taking the detection pulse generating module 2640 illustrated in fig. 16B as an example, the time point of the pulse sending is based on the time point of receiving the driving voltage VCC, so that the bias circuit generating the driving voltage VCC can be regarded as the pulse starting circuit of the detection pulse generating module 2640. On the other hand, the pulse width of the pulse signal generated by the detection pulse generating module 2640 is mainly determined by the charging and discharging time of the RC charging and discharging circuit composed of the capacitors 2642, 2645, and 2646 and the resistors 2643, 2647, and 2648, so that the capacitors 2642, 2645, and 2646 and the resistors 2643, 2647, and 2648 can be regarded as the pulse width determining circuit of the detection pulse generating module 2640. The buffers 2644 and 2651 are output buffer circuits of the detection pulse generating module 2640.
Taking the detection pulse generating module 2740 shown in fig. 17B as an example, the time point of the pulse generation is related to the time point of receiving the driving voltage VCC and the charging and discharging time of the RC circuit formed by the resistor 2742 and the capacitor 2743, so that the bias circuit generating the driving voltage VCC, the resistor 2742 and the capacitor 2743 can be regarded as the pulse start circuit of the detection pulse generating module 2740. On the other hand, the pulse width of the pulse signal generated by the detection pulse generating module 2740 is mainly determined by the forward threshold voltage and the negative threshold voltage of the schmitt trigger 2744 and the switching delay time of the transistor 2746, so the schmitt trigger 2744 and the transistor 2746 can be regarded as the pulse width determining circuit of the detection pulse generating module 2740.
In some exemplary embodiments, the pulse start circuit of the detection pulse generation module 2640, 2740 may control the pulse start time point by adding a comparator, as shown in fig. 30A. Fig. 30A is a circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the detection pulse generation module 3240 includes a comparator 3241 as a pulse start circuit and a pulse width determination circuit 3242. The comparator 3241 has a first input terminal receiving the external driving signal Sed, a second input terminal receiving the reference level Vps, and an output terminal connected to one terminal of the resistor 32421 (the terminal corresponds to the driving voltage VCC input terminal of fig. 17B). The pulse width determination circuit 3242 includes resistors 32421 and 32423, a schmitt trigger 32424, a transistor 32425, a capacitor 32426 and a zener diode 32427, wherein the configuration of the above elements is similar to that of fig. 17B, so the circuit connection can be described with reference to the above embodiments. In this configuration, the RC circuit formed by the resistor 32421 and the capacitor 32426 starts to charge when the level of the external driving signal Sed exceeds the reference level Vps, thereby controlling the generation time of the pulse signal DP. The specific signal timing is shown in fig. 31A.
Referring to fig. 30A and 31A, in the present embodiment, the comparator 3241 serving as a pulse start circuit outputs a high-level signal to one end of the resistor 32421 when the level of the external driving signal Sed is higher than the reference level Vps, so that the capacitor 32426 starts to charge. The voltage Vcp on the capacitor 32426 will gradually rise with time. When the voltage Vcp reaches the forward threshold voltage Vsch1 of the schmitt trigger 32424, the output of the schmitt trigger 32424 outputs a high signal, turning on the transistor 32425. After transistor 32425 turns on, capacitor 32426 will begin to discharge to ground through resistor 32422 and transistor 32425, causing voltage Vcp to gradually decrease over time. When the voltage Vcp drops to the reverse threshold voltage Vsch2 of the schmitt trigger 32424, the output terminal of the schmitt trigger 32424 switches from outputting the high signal to outputting the low signal, thereby generating the pulse waveform DP1, wherein the pulse width DPW of the pulse DP1 is determined by the forward threshold voltage Vsch1, the reverse threshold voltage Vsch2 and the switching delay time of the transistor 32425. After the set time interval TIV has elapsed (i.e., the period from the external driving signal Sed falling below the reference level Vps to the external driving signal Sed rising above the reference level Vps again), the schmitt trigger 32424 generates the pulse waveform DP2 again according to the above operation, and so on.
In some embodiments, the pulse start circuit 3141 may issue a pulse generation indication when the external driving signal Sed reaches a specific level, so as to determine the generation time point of the pulse signal, as shown in fig. 30B. Fig. 30B is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the detection pulse generating module 3340 includes a pulse start circuit 3341 and a pulse width determining circuit 3342. The pulse enable circuit 3341 includes a comparator 33411 and a signal edge trigger circuit 33412. The comparator 33411 has a first input terminal receiving the external drive signal Sed, a second input terminal receiving the reference level Vps, and an output terminal connected to an input terminal of the signal edge generation circuit 33412. The edge trigger 33412 can be, for example, a rising edge trigger or a falling edge trigger, which detects the time point when the output of the comparator 33411 transitions and accordingly issues a pulse generation indication to the back-end pulse width determination circuit 3342. The pulse width determining circuit 3342 may be any pulse generating circuit capable of generating and setting a set pulse width at a specific time point according to a pulse generation instruction, such as the circuits of fig. 16B and 17B, or an integrated device such as a 555 timer, and the invention is not limited thereto. The specific signal timing of the detection pulse generating module 3340 can be as shown in fig. 31B or fig. 31C. Fig. 31B shows an embodiment of a signal waveform triggered by a rising edge, and fig. 31C shows an embodiment of a signal waveform triggered by a falling edge.
Referring to fig. 30B and fig. 31B together, in the present embodiment, the comparator 33411 outputs the high-level signal when the level of the external driving signal Sed rises above the reference level Vps, and maintains the high-level signal output during the period when the level of the external driving signal Sed is higher than the reference level Vps. When the level of the external driving signal Sed gradually decreases from the peak value to be lower than the reference level Vps, the comparator 33411 outputs the low level signal again. Thus, the output terminal of the comparator 33411 generates the output voltage Vcp having a pulse waveform. The edge trigger circuit 33412 triggers an enable signal output in response to the rising edge of the output voltage Vcp, so that the pulse width determining circuit 3342 at the back end generates the pulse signal DP near the rising edge of the output voltage Vcp according to the enable signal and the set pulse width DPW. Based on the above operation, the detecting pulse generating module 3340 may correspondingly change the pulse generating time point of the pulse signal DP by adjusting the setting of the reference level Vps, so that the pulse signal DP triggers the pulse output when the external driving signal Sed reaches a specific level or phase. Thus, the problem of erroneous determination caused by the pulse signal DP generated near the zero point of the external driving signal Sed in the previous embodiment can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 30B and fig. 31C, the operation of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 31B, and the main difference between the two embodiments is that the edge trigger circuit 33412 triggers the enable signal to be output in response to the falling edge of the output voltage Vcp, so that the pulse width determining circuit 3342 generates the pulse signal DP near the falling edge of the output voltage Vcp.
Based on the above teachings, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many possible pulse generation timing determination mechanisms, along with the edge triggered operation of the signal, can be implemented by the pulse enable circuit 3141. For example, the pulse enable circuit 3141 may be designed to start timing after detecting the rising/falling edge of the output voltage Vcp, and trigger the enable signal to the pulse width determination circuit 3142 at the back end after reaching a predetermined time (which may be self-configured). For another example, the pulse enable circuit 3141 may pre-activate the pulse width determination circuit 3142 when detecting the rising edge of the output voltage Vcp, and trigger the enable signal 3142 to output the pulse signal DP when detecting the falling edge of the output voltage Vcp, so that the pulse width determination circuit 3142 can respond quickly to generate the pulse signal DP at a precise time.
Referring to fig. 31D, fig. 31D is a schematic signal timing diagram of a detection pulse generating module according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment operates substantially the same as the aforementioned fig. 31B and 31C, and the main difference between the present embodiment and the aforementioned embodiment is that the present embodiment starts counting a delay period DLY when detecting that the level of the external driving signal Sed exceeds the reference level Vps, and generates a pulse (DP1) after the delay period DLY. The detection pulse generation module then generates a pulse again (DP2) according to the set time interval TIV, and so on for subsequent operations.
Referring to fig. 32A, fig. 32A is a schematic circuit module diagram of a power module of an LED straight tube lamp according to an eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a driving circuit 1530 and an installation detection module 3700, wherein the installation detection module 3700 includes a detection controller 3720, a switch circuit 3740, a bias circuit 3750, a start control circuit 3770 and a detection period decision circuit 3780. The configuration and operation of the rectifying circuit 510, the filtering circuit 520 and the driving circuit 1530 can refer to the description of the related embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the installation detection module 3700, the switch circuit 3740 is connected in series to the power supply loop/power supply loop of the power module (illustrated as being connected between the rectifying circuit 510 and the filtering circuit 520), and is controlled by the detection controller 3720 to switch the on state. The detection controller 3720 may send a control signal to turn on the switch circuit 3740 briefly during the detection phase, so as to detect whether there is an extra impedance connected to the detection path of the power module (representing the risk of electric shock of the user) during the period that the switch circuit 3840 is turned on (i.e. during the period that the power supply loop/power supply loop is turned on), and determine to remain in the detection phase according to the detection result, so that the switch circuit 3740 is turned on briefly in a discontinuous manner, or enter the operation phase, so that the switch circuit 3740 remains in the on or off state in response to the installation state. The period length represented by the "short-time on" is a period length during which the current on the power supply loop passes through the human body and does not cause damage to the human body, for example, less than 1 millisecond, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Generally, the detection controller 3720 can send a control signal with a pulse form to turn on the switch circuit 3740 briefly. The specific design of the short-time conducting period can be adjusted according to the set impedance of the detection path. The circuit configuration implementation example of the detection controller 3720 and the switch circuit 3740 and the related control actions can refer to other embodiments related to the installation of the detection module.
The bias circuit 3750 is connected to the power supply loop to generate the driving voltage VCC based on the rectified signal (i.e., the bus voltage). The driving voltage VCC is provided to the detection controller 3720 such that the detection controller 3720 starts up and operates in response to the driving voltage.
The start-up control circuit 3770 is connected to the detection controller 3720 and is used for determining whether to affect the operation state of the detection controller 3720 according to the output signal of the detection period determination circuit 3780. For example, when the detection period determination circuit 3780 outputs an enable signal, the start control circuit 3770 controls the detection controller 3720 to stop operating in response to the enable signal; when the detection period decision circuit 3780 outputs the disable signal, the start-up control circuit 3770 controls the detection controller 3720 to maintain the normal operation state (i.e., not affecting the operation state of the detection controller 3720) in response to the disable signal. The start control circuit 3770 may control the detection controller 3720 to stop operating by bypassing the driving voltage VCC or providing a low level start signal to the enable pin of the detection controller 3720, which is not limited by the present invention.
The detection period determining circuit 3780 is used for sampling the electrical signal on the detection path/power loop to count the operation time of the detection controller 3740, and outputting a signal indicating the count result to the start control circuit 3770, so that the start control circuit 3770 controls the operation state of the detection controller 3720 based on the signal indicating the count result.
The operation of the mounting detection circuit 3700 of this embodiment will be described below. When the rectifying circuit 510 receives an external power through the pins 501 and 502, the bias circuit 3750 generates the driving voltage VCC according to the rectified bus voltage. The detection controller 3720 is activated in response to the driving voltage VCC and enters a detection phase. During the testing period, the testing controller 3720 periodically sends a control signal with a pulse waveform to the switch circuit 3740, so that the switch circuit 3740 is turned off after being periodically turned on for a short time. Under the operation of the detection phase, the current waveform on the power supply loop will be similar to the current waveform in the detection time interval Tw in fig. 27D (i.e., a plurality of current pulses Idp with intervals). In addition, the detection period determining circuit 3780 starts counting the operation time of the detection controller 3720 in the detection phase when receiving the bus voltage on the power circuit, and outputs a signal indicating the counting result to the start control circuit 3770.
In the case where the operation time period of the detection controller 3740 has not reached the set time period, the start-up control circuit 3770 does not affect the operation state of the detection controller 3720. The testing controller 3720 determines whether to maintain the testing phase or enter the operating phase according to the testing result. If the test controller 3720 determines to enter the operation stage, the test controller 3720 controls the switch circuit 3740 to remain in the conducting state and shields the influence 3720 of other signals on the operation state. In other words, in the operation phase, whatever signal is output by the start-up control circuit 3770 does not affect the operation state of the detection controller 3720.
In the case where the operation period of the detection controller 3740 has reached the set period and the detection controller 3740 is still in the detection phase, the start control circuit 3770 controls the detection controller 3740 to stop operating in response to the output of the detection period decision circuit 3780. At this point the detection controller 3720 no longer pulses and maintains the switch circuit 3740 in an off state until the detection controller 3720 resets. Comparing fig. 27D, the set time period is the detection time interval Tw.
According to the above-mentioned working method, the installation detection module 3700 can achieve the current waveforms of fig. 27D to 27F by setting the pulse interval and the reset period of the control signal, thereby ensuring that the electric power in the detection stage is still within a reasonable safety range, and avoiding the human hazard caused by the detection current.
From the viewpoint of circuit operation, the start-up control circuit 3770 and the detection period determination circuit 3780 can be regarded as a delay control circuit, which is used to delay a set time period and then turn on a specific path to control a target circuit (e.g., the detection controller 3720) when the LED straight tube lamp is powered on. Through the setting and selection of a specific path, the delay control circuit can realize the delay on of a power supply loop or the delay off of an installation detection module and other circuit actions in the LED straight lamp.
Referring to fig. 32B, fig. 32B is a circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a driving circuit 1530 and a mounting detection module 3800, wherein the mounting detection module includes a detection controller 3820, a switching circuit 3840, a bias circuit 3850, a start control circuit 3870 and a detection period determination circuit 3880. The configuration and operation of the rectifier circuit 510, the filter circuit 520, and the driver circuit 1530 may refer to the description of the related embodiments; in addition, the configuration and operation of the detection controller 3820 and the switch circuit 3840 can refer to the description of the embodiment shown in fig. 32A, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiment, the bias circuit 3850 includes a resistor 3851, a capacitor 3852, and a zener diode 3853. A first terminal of resistor 3851 is connected to the rectified output (i.e., to the bus). The capacitor 3852 and the zener diode 3853 are connected in parallel, and the first terminal is commonly connected to the second terminal of the resistor 3851. The power input terminal of the sensing controller 3820 is connected to a common node (i.e., a bias node of the bias circuit 3850) of the resistor 3851, the capacitor 3852 and the zener diode 3853 to receive the driving voltage VCC at the common node.
The start-up control circuit 3870 includes a zener diode 3871, a transistor 3872, and a capacitor 3873. The anode of zener diode 3871 is connected to the control terminal of transistor 3872. A first terminal of the transistor 3872 is connected to the detection controller 3820, and a second terminal of the transistor 3872 is connected to the ground GND. A capacitor 3873 is connected between the first terminal and the second terminal of the transistor 3872.
The detection time determination circuit 3880 includes a resistor 3881, a diode 3882, and a capacitor 3883. A first terminal of resistor 3881 is connected to a bias node of bias circuit 3850, and a second terminal of resistor 3881 is connected to the cathode of zener diode 3871. An anode of the diode 3882 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor 3881, and a cathode of the diode 3882 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor 3881. A first terminal of the capacitor 3883 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor 3881 and the anode of the diode 3882, and a second terminal of the capacitor 3883 is connected to the ground GND.
The operation of the mounting detection circuit 3800 of the present embodiment will be described below. When the rectifying circuit 510 receives an external power through the pins 501 and 502, the rectified bus voltage charges the capacitor 3852, thereby establishing the driving voltage VCC at the bias node. The detection controller 3820 is activated in response to the driving voltage VCCVCC and enters a detection phase. In the detection phase, first, in a first signal period, the detection controller 3820 sends a control signal with a pulse waveform to the switch circuit 3840, so that the switch circuit 3840 is turned on for a short time and then turned off.
During the period when the switch circuit 3840 is turned on, the capacitor 3883 is charged in response to the driving voltage VCC at the bias node, so that the voltage across the capacitor 3883 gradually rises. In the first signal period, the voltage across the capacitor 3883 does not rise to the threshold level of the transistor 3872, and therefore the transistor 3872 is kept at the off state, so that the enable signal Ven is kept at the high level accordingly. Then, the capacitor 3883 is substantially level-maintained or slowly discharged during the off-period of the switch circuit 3840, wherein the level change caused by the capacitor 3883 discharging during the off-period of the switch is smaller than the level change caused by the capacitor charging during the on-period of the switch. In other words, the voltage across the capacitor 3883 during the off period of the switch is less than or equal to the highest level during the on period of the switch, and is not lower than the initial level at the charging start point at the lowest level, so that the transistor 3872 is always kept in the off state in the first signal period, so that the start signal Ven is kept at the high level. The detection controller 3820 is maintained in an active state in response to the active signal Ven of a high level. In the activated state, the detection controller 3820 determines whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed (i.e., determines whether there is an additional impedance connected thereto) according to the signal on the detection path.
In the case where the detection controller 3820 determines that the LED straight lamp has not been correctly mounted to the lamp socket, the detection controller 3820 maintains the detection phase and continuously outputs a control signal having a pulse waveform to control the switch circuit 3840. In each subsequent signal cycle, the start-up control circuit 3870 and the sensing period determining circuit 3880 continue to operate in a manner similar to the first signal cycle, i.e., the capacitor 3883 is charged during the on period of each signal cycle, such that the voltage across the capacitor 3883 rises in a step-wise manner in response to the pulse width and the pulse period. When the voltage across the capacitor 3883 exceeds the threshold level of the transistor 3872, the transistor 3872 is turned on to pull the enabling signal Ven down to the ground/low level. The detection controller 3820 is turned off in response to the low level enable signal Ven. When the detection controller 3820 is turned off, the switch circuit 3840 is maintained in an off state regardless of whether an external power source is connected.
In the case where the test controller 3820 determines that the LED straight lamp has been properly installed on the device socket, the test controller 3820 enters an operation phase and sends a control signal to maintain the switch circuit 3840 in a conducting state. In the operation phase, the detection controller 3820 does not change the output control signal in response to the enable signal Ven. In other words, even if the enable signal Ven is pulled down to a low level, the detection controller 3820 does not turn off the switching circuit 3840 again.
From the dimensions of the multiple signal periods in the detection phase, the current waveform measured on the power supply loop is as shown in fig. 27D, wherein the period from the initial level of the capacitor 3883 to the threshold level of the transistor 3872 corresponds to the detection time interval Tw. In other words, during the detection phase, the detection controller 3820 may continue to pulse the capacitor 3883 before charging to the threshold level of the transistor 3872 to intermittently conduct current on the power supply loop, and stop pulsing after the voltage across the capacitor 3883 exceeds the threshold level, so as to prevent the power on the power supply loop from increasing enough to harm human body.
From another perspective, the detection time determining circuit 3880 of the embodiment is equivalent to the pulse on period of the control signal of the accounting number, and sends a signal to control the start control circuit 3870 when the pulse on period reaches the set value, so that the start control circuit 3870 affects the operation of the detection control 3920 to mask the pulse output.
In the circuit architecture of the embodiment, the length of the detection time interval Tw (i.e., the time required for the voltage across the capacitor 3883 to reach the threshold voltage of the transistor 3872) is mainly controlled by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor 3883. The resistor 3881, the diode 3882, the zener diode 3871, and the capacitor 3873 mainly assist the operation of the start-up control circuit 3870 and the detection time determination circuit 3880 to provide voltage stabilization, voltage limitation, current limitation, or protection functions.
Referring to fig. 32C, fig. 32C is a circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a driving circuit 1530 and an installation detection module 3900, wherein the installation detection module 3900 includes a detection controller 3920, a switching circuit 3940, a bias circuit 3950, a start control circuit 3970 and a detection period determination circuit 3980. The configuration and operation of the rectifier circuit 510, the filter circuit 520, and the driver circuit 1530 may refer to the description of the related embodiments; in addition, the configuration and operation of the test controller 3920 and the switch circuit 3940 can refer to the description of the embodiment of fig. 32A, which is not repeated herein.
The bias circuit 3950 includes a resistor 3951, a capacitor 3952 and a zener diode 3953. A first terminal of resistor 3951 is connected to the rectified output (i.e., to the bus). The capacitor 3952 and the zener diode 3953 are connected in parallel, and the first end is commonly connected to the second end of the resistor 3951. The power input terminal of the test controller 3920 is connected to a common node of the resistor 3951, the capacitor 3952 and the zener diode 3953 (i.e., a bias node of the bias circuit 3950) to receive the driving voltage VCC at the common node.
The start-up control circuit 3970 includes a zener diode 3971, a resistor 3972, a transistor 3973, and a resistor 3974. The anode of zener diode 3871 is connected to the control terminal of transistor 3973. A first terminal of the resistor 3972 is connected to the anode of the zener diode 3971 and the control terminal of the transistor 3973, and a second terminal of the resistor 3972 is connected to the ground GND. A first terminal of the transistor 3973 is connected to the bias node of the bias circuit 3950 through a resistor 3974, and a second terminal of the transistor 3973 is connected to the ground GND.
The detection time determination circuit 3980 includes a diode 3981, resistors 3982 and 3983, a capacitor 3984, and a zener diode 3775. The anode of the diode 3981 is connected to a terminal of the switch circuit 3940, which may be regarded as a detection node of the detection time determining circuit 3980. A first terminal of the resistor 3982 is connected to the cathode of the diode 3981, and a second terminal of the resistor 3982 is connected to the cathode of the zener diode 3971. A first terminal of the resistor 3983 is connected to a second terminal of the resistor 3982, and a second terminal of the resistor 3983 is connected to the ground GND. The capacitor 3984 and the zener diode 3985 are respectively connected in parallel to the resistor 3983, wherein a cathode and an anode of the zener diode 3985 are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the resistor 3983.
The operation of the mounting detection circuit 3800 of the present embodiment will be described below. When the rectifying circuit 510 receives an external power through the pins 501 and 502, the rectified bus voltage charges the capacitor 3952, and thus the driving voltage VCC is established at the bias node. The test controller 3920 is enabled in response to the driving voltage VCC and enters a test phase. In the detection phase, the detection controller 3920 sends a control signal with a pulse waveform to the switch circuit 3840 in a first signal period, so that the switch circuit 3840 is turned on briefly and then turned off.
During the time that the switching circuit 3940 is turned on, the anode of the diode 3981 is equivalently grounded, and thus the capacitor 3984 is not charged. In the first signal period, the voltage across the capacitor 3984 is maintained at the initial level during the on period of the switch circuit 3940, and the transistor 3973 is maintained in the off state, so that the operation of the test controller 3920 is not affected. Then, during the period that the switch circuit 3940 is turned off, the power loop that is turned off will cause the level at the detection node to rise in response to the external power, wherein the level applied to the capacitor 3984 is equal to the voltage division of the resistors 3982 and 3983. Therefore, during the off period of the switching circuit 3940, the capacitor 3984 is charged in response to the voltage division of the resistors 3982 and 3983, and the voltage across the capacitor 3984 gradually rises. In the first signal period, the voltage across the capacitor 3984 does not rise to the threshold level of the transistor 3972, and therefore the transistor 3973 is kept off, so that the driving voltage VCC is kept unchanged. In the first signal period, the transistor 3973 is kept in an off state regardless of the on period or the off period of the switch circuit 3940, and the driving voltage VCC is not affected. The test controller 3920 is maintained in the start-up state in response to the driving voltage VCC. In the activated state, the test controller 3920 determines whether the LED straight lamp is correctly installed (i.e., determines whether there is an additional impedance connected thereto) according to the signal on the test path.
In the case where the inspection controller 3920 determines that the LED straight lamp has not been correctly mounted to the lamp socket, the inspection controller 3920 maintains the inspection stage and continues to output the control signal having a pulse waveform to control the switching circuit 3940. In each subsequent signal period, the start-up control circuit 3970 and the detection period determining circuit 3980 operate continuously in a manner similar to the first signal period, i.e., the capacitor 3984 is charged during the off period of each signal period, so that the voltage across the capacitor 3984 gradually rises in response to the pulse width and the pulse period. When the voltage across the capacitor 3984 exceeds the threshold level of the transistor 3973, the transistor 3973 is turned on to short the bias node to the ground GND, and the driving voltage VCC is pulled down to the ground/low level. At this time, the test controller 3920 is turned off in response to the low level of the driving voltage VCC. When the test controller 3920 is turned off, the switch circuit 3940 is maintained in the off state regardless of whether the external power is applied.
In the case where the test controller 3920 determines that the LED straight lamp has been properly installed in the device base, the test controller 3920 enters an operation phase and sends a control signal to maintain the switch circuit 3940 in a conductive state. In the operation phase, since the switch circuit 3940 is continuously turned on, the transistor 3973 is kept in the off state, and therefore the driving voltage VCC is not affected, and the test controller 3920 can operate normally.
From the dimensions of the signal periods in the detection phase, the current waveform measured in the power supply loop is as shown in fig. 27D, wherein the period of charging the capacitor 3984 from the initial level to the threshold level of the transistor 3973 corresponds to the detection time interval Tw. In other words, during the testing phase, the test controller 3920 continues to pulse the capacitor 3984 before the threshold level of the transistor 3973 is reached, so as to intermittently conduct current on the power supply loop, and stops pulsing after the voltage across the capacitor 3984 exceeds the threshold level, thereby preventing the electric power on the power supply loop from rising to a level that is sufficient to harm human body.
From another perspective, the detection time determining circuit 3980 of the present embodiment is equivalent to the pulse off period of the counting number control signal, and sends a signal to control the start control circuit 3970 when the pulse off period reaches a set value, so that the start control circuit 3970 affects the operation of the detection controller 3920 to mask the pulse output.
In the circuit architecture of the present embodiment, the length of the detection time interval Tw (i.e., the time required for the voltage across the capacitor 3984 to reach the threshold voltage of the transistor 3973) is mainly controlled by adjusting the capacitance of the capacitor 3984 and the resistance of the resistors 3982, 3983, and 3972. The diode 3981, the zener diodes 3985 and 3971, and the resistor 3974 assist the start control circuit 3970 and the detection time determination circuit 3980 to provide voltage stabilization, voltage limitation, current limitation, or protection.
Referring to fig. 32D, fig. 32D is a circuit diagram of an installation detection module of an LED straight tube lamp according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention. The power module of the embodiment includes a rectifying circuit 510, a filtering circuit 520, a driving circuit 1530 and an installation detection module 3900, wherein the installation detection module 3900 includes a detection controller 3920, a switching circuit 3940, a bias circuit 3950, a start control circuit 3970 and a detection period determination circuit 3980. In the present embodiment, the configuration and operation of the mount detection module 3900 are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 32C, and the main difference between the two embodiments is that the inspection period determination circuit 3980 of the present embodiment further includes resistors 3986, 3987, and 3988 and a diode 3989 in addition to the diode 3981, the resistors 3982 and 3983, the capacitor 3984 and the zener diode 3985. The resistor 3986 is connected in series between the diode 3981 and the resistor 3982. A first terminal of resistor 3987 is connected to a first terminal of resistor 3982 and a second terminal of resistor 3987 is connected to the cathode of zener diode 3971. Resistor 3988 and capacitor 3984 are connected in parallel. An anode of the diode 3989 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor 3984 and the cathode of the zener diode 3971, and a cathode of the diode 3989 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor 3982 and the first terminal of the resistor 3983.
In the circuit architecture of the present embodiment, the circuit for charging the capacitor 3984 is changed from the resistors 3982 and 3983 to the resistors 3987 and 3988, i.e., the capacitor 3984 is charged based on the divided voltage of the resistors 3987 and 3988. Specifically, the voltage at the detection node is first divided by resistors 3986, 3982, and 3983 to generate a first-order voltage at the first terminal of resistor 3982, and then divided by resistors 3987 and 3988 to generate a second-order voltage at the first terminal of capacitor 3984. With this configuration, the charging rate of the capacitor 3984 can be controlled by adjusting the resistance of the resistors 3982, 3983, 3986, 3987, and 3988, not only by adjusting the capacitance. As a result, the size of the capacitor 3984 can be effectively reduced. On the other hand, since the resistor 3983 is no longer required to be a component in the charging loop, a component with a smaller resistance value can be selected, so that the discharging rate of the capacitor 3984 can be increased, and the circuit resetting time of the detection time determining circuit 3980 can be shortened.
It should be noted that, although the modules/circuits are named functionally in the description of the present application, those skilled in the art should understand that, according to different circuit designs, the same circuit element may be regarded as having different functions, and different modules/circuits may share the same circuit element to realize their respective circuit functions. Accordingly, the functional nomenclature herein is not intended to limit the inclusion of particular circuit elements only in particular modules/circuits, as will be described in detail herein.
For example, the installation detection module of the above embodiments may also be referred to as a leakage detection module/circuit, a leakage protection module/circuit, or an impedance detection module/circuit; the detection result latch module can also be called a detection result storage module/circuit, a control module/circuit and the like; the detection controller can be a circuit including detection pulse generation module, testing result latch module and detection judgment circuit, the utility model discloses not use this as the limit.
In summary, the embodiments shown in fig. 15 to 32D teach the concept of using electronic control and detection to achieve protection against electric shock. Compared with the technology of preventing electric shock by using mechanical structure actuation, the electronic control and detection method has no problem of mechanical fatigue, so that the electric shock protection of the lamp tube by using electronic signals has better reliability and service life.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of pulse detection, the installation detection module does not substantially change the characteristics and states of the LED straight tube lamp itself with respect to driving and light emitting. The driving and light-emitting characteristics include characteristics that influence the light-emitting brightness and output power of the LED straight-tube lamp in the on state, such as power phase and output current. In other words, the operation of the installation detection module is only related to the leakage protection operation of the LED straight lamp in the non-lit state, and is different from the circuits for adjusting the lighting state characteristics of the LED straight lamp, such as the dc power conversion circuit, the power factor correction circuit, and the dimming circuit.
In the power module design, the external driving signal may be a low-frequency ac signal (e.g., provided by the utility power), a high-frequency ac signal (e.g., provided by the electronic ballast), or a dc signal (e.g., provided by the battery or an external driving power source), and may be input to the LED straight tube lamp by a driving scheme of a dual-end power source. In the driving structure of the double-ended power supply, the external driving signal can be received by using only one end of the driving structure as the single-ended power supply.
When the direct current signal is used as the external driving signal, the power module of the LED straight tube lamp can omit the rectifying circuit.
In the design of the rectifying circuit of the power supply module, a first rectifying unit and a second rectifying unit in the double rectifying circuits are respectively coupled with pins of lamp caps arranged at two ends of the LED straight tube lamp. The double rectification unit is suitable for a driving structure of a double-end power supply. And when at least one rectifying unit is configured, the driving device can be suitable for the driving environment of low-frequency alternating current signals, high-frequency alternating current signals or direct current signals.
The double rectification unit can be a double half-wave rectification circuit, a double full-wave rectification circuit or a combination of a half-wave rectification circuit and a full-wave rectification circuit.
In the pin design of the LED straight lamp, the LED straight lamp may have a structure with two ends and one pin (two pins in total), and two ends and two pins (four pins in total). The structure of each single pin at the two ends can be suitable for the design of a rectifier circuit of a single rectifier circuit. Under the framework of double-pin structure, the structure is suitable for the design of the rectifier circuit of the double rectifier circuit, and any one pin of the double-pin structure or any one single-end double-pin structure is used for receiving external driving signals.
In the design of the filter circuit of the power module, a single capacitance or pi-type filter circuit can be provided to filter out high-frequency components in the rectified signal and provide a low-ripple direct current signal as the filtered signal. The filter circuit may also include an LC filter circuit to present a high impedance for a particular frequency to meet current magnitude specifications for the particular frequency. Moreover, the filter circuit further comprises a filter unit coupled between the pin and the rectifying circuit so as to reduce electromagnetic interference caused by the circuit of the LED lamp. When the direct current signal is used as an external driving signal, the power module of the LED straight tube lamp can omit a filter circuit.
In the LED lighting module design of the power supply module, only the LED module may be included, or the LED module and the driving circuit may be included. The voltage stabilizing circuit can also be connected with the LED lighting module in parallel to ensure that the voltage on the LED lighting module is not over-voltage. The voltage regulator circuit may be a clamp circuit, for example: zener diodes, bidirectional voltage regulators, etc. When the rectification circuit comprises a capacitor circuit, a capacitor can be connected between one pin at each end of the two ends and one pin at the other end in pairs so as to perform voltage division with the capacitor circuit and serve as a voltage stabilizing circuit.
In the design including only the LED module, when the high-frequency ac signal is used as the external driving signal, at least one of the rectifier circuits includes a capacitor circuit (i.e., includes one or more capacitors) and is connected in series with the full-wave or half-wave rectifier circuit in the rectifier circuit, so that the capacitor circuit is equivalent to an impedance under the high-frequency ac signal to serve as a current adjusting circuit and adjust the current of the LED module. Therefore, when different electronic ballasts provide high-frequency alternating-current signals with different voltages, the current of the LED module can be adjusted within a preset current range, and the overcurrent situation is avoided. In addition, an energy release circuit can be additionally added and connected with the LED module in parallel, and after the external driving signal is stopped providing, the energy release circuit can release energy to the filter circuit in an auxiliary mode, so that the condition that the LED module flickers and emits light due to resonance caused by the filter circuit or other circuits is reduced. In the LED module and the driving circuit, the driving circuit may be a dc-to-dc step-up converting circuit, a dc-to-dc step-down converting circuit, or a dc-to-dc step-up and step-down converting circuit. The driving circuit is used to stabilize the current of the LED module at a set current value, and can also be adjusted to be higher or lower according to the high or low of the external driving signal. In addition, a mode switch can be additionally arranged between the LED module and the driving circuit, so that the current is directly input into the LED module through the filter circuit or is input into the LED module after passing through the driving circuit.
In addition, a protection circuit may be additionally added to protect the LED module. The protection circuit can detect the current or/and the voltage of the LED module to correspondingly start corresponding overcurrent or overvoltage protection.
In the design of the auxiliary power module of the power module, the energy storage unit can be a battery or a super capacitor and is connected with the LED module in parallel. The auxiliary power supply module is suitable for the design of the LED lighting module comprising the driving circuit.
In the LED module design of the power module, the LED module may include a plurality of strings of LED assemblies (i.e., a single LED chip, or an LED group consisting of a plurality of LED chips of different colors) connected in parallel with each other, and the LED assemblies in each string of LED assemblies may be connected to each other to form a mesh connection.
That is, the above features can be arbitrarily arranged and combined, and used for the improvement of the LED straight tube lamp.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a detection circuitry of mounted state, is applicable to the setting and in the power module of the LED straight tube lamp that has Type-B double-ended and advance the electric mode, its characterized in that includes:
the detection controller is used for detecting whether the LED straight tube lamp has abnormal impedance access or not and sending out a corresponding control signal, wherein when the LED straight tube lamp has abnormal impedance access, the detection controller sends out a control signal with a pulse waveform;
the switch circuit is connected in series with a power supply loop of the LED straight lamp and is controlled by a control signal sent by the detection controller to switch on or off states; and
a delay control circuit for sending a stop signal to the detection controller when the working time of the detection controller reaches a set time,
when the detection controller still judges that the LED straight tube lamp is connected with abnormal impedance after the set time length, the detection controller responds to the suspension signal to stop operation, and the switch circuit is maintained in a cut-off state.
2. The installation state detection circuit of claim 1, wherein when the LED straight lamp has no abnormal impedance, the detection controller sends out an enable control signal to enable the switch circuit to enter a conducting state.
3. The mounting state detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein when the detection controller determines that the LED straight lamp has no abnormal impedance after the set time period, the detection controller masks the interrupt signal and continues to emit the enable control signal to maintain the switch circuit in the on state.
4. The installation state detection circuit of claim 2, wherein when the detection controller determines that the LED straight lamp has no impedance abnormal access within the set time period, the delay control circuit stops sending the suspension signal.
5. The mounting state detection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the bias circuit is used for getting power from the power supply loop and generating a driving voltage to the detection controller according to the power, so that the detection controller is started and operated in response to the driving voltage.
6. The mounting state detection circuit of claim 5, wherein the bias circuit generates the driving voltage based on a rectified signal.
7. The mounting state detection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the bias circuit generates the driving voltage based on an alternating current signal on an input terminal of the LED straight tube lamp.
8. The mounted state detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the delay control circuit comprises:
a detection period decision circuit for sampling an electric signal on the power supply circuit to count the operating time period and outputting an indication signal indicating whether the operating time period reaches the set time period; and
a start control circuit electrically connected to the detection controller and the detection period determining circuit, for determining whether to send the suspension signal according to the indication signal, wherein:
when the indication signal indicates that the operating time length reaches the set time length, the start control circuit sends the suspension signal in response to the indication signal, an
When the indication signal indicates that the working time length does not reach the set time length, the starting control circuit responds to the indication signal and does not send out the suspension signal.
9. The installation state detection circuit of claim 8, further comprising a bias circuit, and wherein said start control circuit comprises:
the first end of the transistor is electrically connected with the power supply end or the enabling end of the detection circuit, the second end of the transistor is electrically connected with the grounding end, and the control end of the transistor is electrically connected with the detection period decision circuit to receive the indication signal.
10. The circuit for detecting a mounting state of a power supply according to claim 9, wherein when the indication signal indicates that the operating time period reaches the set time period, the transistor is turned on in response to the indication signal, so that the driving voltage output terminal of the bias circuit is electrically connected to the ground terminal; and when the indication signal indicates that the working time length does not reach the set time length, the transistor is switched off in response to the indication signal.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113747635A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-12-03 厦门普为光电科技有限公司 High-compatibility dimming circuit

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CN218570514U (en) * 2021-01-11 2023-03-03 嘉兴山蒲照明电器有限公司 LED lamp and misuse warning module
TWI798671B (en) * 2021-03-30 2023-04-11 力林科技股份有限公司 Power supply apparatus and discharge method thereof
TWI780662B (en) 2021-04-14 2022-10-11 新唐科技股份有限公司 Electronic device and power-supplying system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113747635A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-12-03 厦门普为光电科技有限公司 High-compatibility dimming circuit
CN113747635B (en) * 2021-08-09 2024-05-03 厦门普为光电科技有限公司 Dimming circuit

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