CN211294433U

CN211294433U - Spinal surgery puncture simulator

Info

Publication number: CN211294433U
Application number: CN202020329739.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马维虎; 王扬; 刘观燚
Original assignee: Ningbo No 6 Hospital
Current assignee: Ningbo No 6 Hospital
Priority date: 2020-03-17
Filing date: 2020-03-17
Publication date: 2020-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spinal surgery puncture simulator belongs to medical simulation utensil technical field, including base and guide arm, the guide arm links to each other with the base through universal pivot, and the base is used for handling model data, and universal pivot is used for making the guide arm be rotary motion around the pivot central point, and the top of guide arm is provided with position sensor, and position sensor is used for the relative angular position of perception puncture in-process guide arm, is provided with distance sensor on the guide arm, and distance sensor is used for its and the distance of universal pivot of perception. The utility model discloses not only can carry out puncture exercise many times harmlessly, the new hand of the backbone surgery of being convenient for increases the understanding to the puncture is dissected to the backbone, can lead to specific patient's backbone image data before the art in addition, carries out the simulation puncture before the art, puncture difficulty in the prevention art.

Description

Spinal surgery puncture simulator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical simulation utensil technical field especially relates to a spinal surgery puncture simulator.

Background

With the development of a minimally invasive concept, minimally invasive surgery accounts for a very large proportion of the existing spinal surgery, but compared with open surgery, the minimally invasive surgery has the greatest disadvantage that a slender surgical instrument needs to be punctured through the body surface to reach a lesion area before surgery, the minimally invasive surgery is limited by a small incision, an operator cannot directly view the lesion area, and the operator often needs to have good anatomical knowledge and rich surgical experience. However, even high-tech surgeons often need several punctures and X-ray fluoroscopy to accurately reach the lesion area, and the increase in the number of punctures also aggravates the pain of the local anesthesia patient. Some patients have narrow intervertebral foramen and serious hyperosteogeny, but the puncture difficulty is greatly increased, and even the operation can not be performed due to puncture failure.

In response to the above, a large number of puncture exercises can increase the understanding of the anatomy and can also reduce the number of punctures during surgery. The puncture simulator is suitable for young doctors because the puncture practice on the patient is not satisfactory and the efficiency is not high. The existing puncture simulator is usually based on a silica gel model, and an unrepairable puncture point and a puncture path can be left after each puncture, so that serious influence and misleading are caused for next puncture practice. Moreover, the same silica gel model only has one bone and nerve morphology, and even after the puncture is skillful aiming at the silica gel model, different clinical dissection and puncture conditions can cause puncture failure. In addition, the silica gel model cannot be subjected to X-ray fluoroscopy, and it is difficult to simulate fluoroscopy during surgery, which is also a great problem.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving the shortcoming that exists among the prior art, and provide a spinal surgery puncture simulator, not only can carry out puncture exercise many times harmlessly, the novice of spinal surgery of being convenient for increases the understanding to the puncture is dissected to the backbone, can lead in specific patient backbone image data before the art in addition, carries out the simulation puncture before the art, puncture difficulty in the prevention art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides a spinal surgery puncture simulator, includes base and guide arm, the guide arm passes through universal pivot and links to each other with the base, the base is used for handling model data, universal pivot is used for making the guide arm be rotary motion around the pivot central point, the top of guide arm is provided with position sensor, position sensor is used for the relative angular position of perception puncture in-process guide arm, be provided with distance sensor on the guide arm, distance sensor is used for its and universal pivot's distance of perception.

Preferably, a sliding block is arranged on the guide rod, the distance sensor is mounted on the sliding block, and the sliding block can move up and down along the guide rod; the distance between the slide block and the universal shaft is used for simulating the depth of the needle during puncture.

Preferably, a groove is formed in the guide rod, a sawtooth structure is arranged in the groove, a convex block corresponding to the groove is arranged on the sliding block, a gear matched with the sawtooth structure is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block, and the gear drives the sliding block to move up and down in the groove.

Preferably, a stopper is arranged in the sliding block, and the stopper is connected with a gear in the sliding block and used for simulating that the needle tip in the puncture contacts the hard bone cortical bone.

Preferably, a small computer is arranged in the base and used for processing model data and angle and distance information.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses an introduce information technology, imbed multiple sensor, realized the mechatronic information integration of equipment, not only can carry out puncture exercise many times harmlessly, the neology of the backbone surgery of being convenient for increases the understanding to the puncture is dissected to the backbone, can lead to specific patient's backbone imaging data before the art in addition, carries out the simulation puncture before the art, puncture difficulty in the prevention art.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the middle guide rod of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at a in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the following description of the present invention is made only by way of illustration and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments may be combined with each other to form other embodiments not shown in the following description.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the orientation words, if there are terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the orientation and positional relationship indicated are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and not be construed as limiting the specific scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, if the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, they are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, the definition of "a first" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "assembled", "connected", and "connected", if any, are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; or may be a mechanical connection; the two elements can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and the two elements can be communicated with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 1, a spinal surgery puncture simulator comprises a base 6 and a guide rod 3, the guide rod 3 is connected with the base 6 through a universal rotating shaft 5, the base 6 is used for processing model data, the universal rotating shaft 5 is used for enabling the guide rod 3 to rotate around a rotating shaft central point around the rotating shaft central point, a simulated skin puncture needle inlet point is kept unchanged in a puncture process, a position sensor 1 is arranged at the top end of the guide rod 3, the position sensor 1 is used for sensing the relative angle position of the guide rod 3 in the puncture process to simulate the angle of a puncture needle during the puncture process, a distance sensor is arranged on the guide rod 3, and the distance sensor is used for sensing the distance between the distance sensor and the universal rotating shaft 5. In this embodiment, the position sensor 1 is a spherical gyroscope with 6 axes built therein.

Be provided with slider 2 on the guide arm 3, distance sensor installs on slider 2, and slider 2 can do along guide arm 3 and reciprocate, and distance sensor detects for the distance of slider 2 and universal spindle 5 for the degree of depth of inserting the needle during the simulation puncture.

In order to enable the simulator to be more accurate, a groove 4 is formed in the guide rod 3, a sawtooth structure 4-1 is arranged in the groove 4, a convex block 2-1 corresponding to the groove 4 is arranged on the sliding block 2, a gear 2-2 matched with the sawtooth structure 4-1 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding block 2, the gear 2-2 drives the sliding block 2 to move up and down in the groove 4, the groove 4 is used for keeping the sliding block 2 to move along the long axis direction of the guide rod 3, and the convex block 2-1 is designed to limit the rotation movement of the sliding block 2.

A limiting stopper is arranged in the sliding block 2 and connected with a gear structure in the sliding block, and when a limiting signal is received, the gear is braked, so that the sliding block 2 is limited to move up and down and the simulation of the needle tip in puncture contacting with the hard bone cortical bone is realized.

A small computer is arranged in the base 6 and used for processing model data, angle and distance information.

In use the utility model discloses the time, place the device level on the desktop earlier, through computer input patient's backbone three-dimensional model to 3 positions of adjustment guide arm make it return to zero, the spinous process parallel in can defining as guide arm 3 and the model of returning to zero, and for the vertical upwards in ground, slider 2 slides to the top, and the distance sensor parameter is 0mm this moment, and position sensor 1 is (0, 0 degree) respectively at the epaxial parameter of xyz. When the puncture starts, a puncture person selects a skin needle inserting point on the external display by himself, namely a virtual coordinate point is given to the center of the universal rotating shaft 5, the virtual coordinate point is assumed to be (0, 0, 0), at the moment, the relative position relation between the guide rod 3 and the patient model is established in the three-dimensional coordinate space, and when the guide rod is rotated, the computer dynamically calculates and simulates the relative position between the puncture needle and the patient model. When the sliding block 2 slides downwards, the computer senses the sliding distance of the sliding block 2 through the distance sensor, so that the depth of the puncture needle entering the skin is dynamically calculated, and when the puncture needle simulated by the computer just contacts the bone model under specific angle and depth parameters, the computer feeds back a signal to the gear limiter in the sliding block 2 to limit the rotation of the gear, so that the sliding block is prevented from further sliding downwards, and the situation that the puncture needle is propped against the bone and cannot be continuously punctured and enter in the actual situation is simulated. And (3) sliding the sliding block 2 upwards to simulate the pulling out of the puncture needle, limiting the contact of the limiting device, adjusting the direction of the guide rod 3, and then puncturing again until the puncture enters an ideal position, thus finishing the simulation operation.

During the operation process, the virtual model and the projection position of the puncture needle in any direction can be checked through the external display of the computer at any time, the X-ray perspective situation in the operation is simulated, the three-dimensional image can be directly checked to evaluate the puncture effect, and the display can be completely omitted to simulate the blind puncture situation of the operation.

The utility model can not leave traces after each puncture, can not mislead the next puncture, can be repeatedly used for unlimited times, can not damage the device like a silica gel model after being used for many times, and simultaneously, the utility model can also simulate the x-ray perspective in the operation and can well evaluate the puncture position and the puncture effect; for some special cases, some strange, variant and special models can be imported by a computer for simulation; the utility model discloses an electromechanical information integration means that the puncture process need not be preserved through the video format, only needs to record each sensor parameter of each time node, can come out the complete recurrence of historical operation record, can conveniently carry out long-range operation and exchange, and the network transmission of being convenient for, the local save of also being convenient for.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spinal surgery puncture simulator which characterized in that: including base and guide arm, the guide arm passes through universal pivot and links to each other with the base, the base is used for handling model data, universal pivot is used for making the guide arm be rotary motion around pivot central point, the top of guide arm is provided with position sensor, position sensor is used for the relative angular position of perception puncture in-process guide arm, be provided with distance sensor on the guide arm, distance sensor is used for its and universal pivot's distance of perception.

2. The spinal surgical penetration simulator of claim 1, wherein: the guide rod is provided with a sliding block, the distance sensor is installed on the sliding block, and the sliding block can move up and down along the guide rod; the distance between the slide block and the universal shaft is used for simulating the depth of the needle during puncture.

3. The spinal surgical penetration simulator of claim 2, wherein: the guide rod is provided with a groove, a sawtooth structure is arranged in the groove, the sliding block is provided with a convex block corresponding to the groove, the bottom of the sliding block is provided with a gear matched with the sawtooth structure, and the gear drives the sliding block to move up and down in the groove.

4. The spinal surgical penetration simulator of claim 3, wherein: and a stopper is arranged in the sliding block, is connected with a gear in the sliding block and is used for simulating that the needle tip in the puncture contacts the hard bone cortical bone.

5. The spinal surgical penetration simulator of claim 1, wherein: and a small computer is arranged in the base and used for processing model data, angle and distance information.