CN211293327U

CN211293327U - Flexible substrate film, flexible holographic film, hard substrate film, and hard holographic film

Info

Publication number: CN211293327U
Application number: CN201922105782.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王广军; 余为伟
Original assignee: Jingmen City Dream Exploring Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jingmen City Dream Exploring Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-29
Filing date: 2019-11-29
Publication date: 2020-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-29

Abstract

The utility model relates to a 3D shows the field, discloses a flexible base membrane wholly is flexible film structure, has plated the flexible transparent film of reflectance coating or a plurality of two-sided flexible transparent film that all plates the reflectance coating by a plurality of single faces and has bonded through transparent glue and form, wherein the flexible transparent film of reflectance coating is formed with reflector layer and alternate parallel arrangement's of stratum lucidum structure, the flagging length of horizontal centre gripping of flexible base membrane is L₁(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₁Is full ofFoot: l is₁Not less than 5 or n₁*L₁>9. Compared with the existing high-precision optical glass processing, on one hand, the material cost of the flexible elementary membrane is low, on the other hand, the flexible elementary membrane is not easy to break when being processed, the problems of residual stress generated in the optical glass processing process and the like can be avoided, the yield is greatly improved, the flexible holographic membrane is suitable for large-scale popularization, meanwhile, the flexible holographic membrane prepared based on the flexible elementary membrane can be made into a scroll screen, a curved screen and the like, the flexibility is high, the flexible holographic membrane is convenient to store when not being used, and the occupied space is small.

Description

Flexible substrate film, flexible holographic film, hard substrate film, and hard holographic film

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the 3D shows and specifically relates to a flexible elementary membrane, flexible holographic membrane and stereoplasm elementary membrane, stereoplasm holographic membrane are related to.

Background

The 3D display technology is capable of displaying stereoscopic pictures in space, and is the mainstream direction of the next generation display technology. Although there are many solutions for realizing 3D display, such as volume display technology, stereo image pair technology, pepper's ear illusion, etc., there is no perfect 3D solution at present, and the main reason is the lack of optical glass element for large area light source manipulation.

Traditional optical glass processing technology can only carry out the micro-structure processing at hundred microns yardstick, and the large tracts of land optical glass processing of higher precision needs and high processing cost thereof, and optical glass itself is hard material moreover, appears breakage easily in the course of working and produces residual stress scheduling problem, the utility model provides a flexible elementary membrane and processing method thereof can realize controlling and then realizing 3D demonstration to light.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in: aiming at the problems that the high cost of the traditional high-precision large-area optical glass processing and the problem that the yield is affected by the easy breakage of the glass, the residual stress and the like in the processing process in the prior art are solved, a flexible base film, a flexible holographic film, a hard base film and a hard holographic film are provided.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a flexible base film, which is a flexible and bendable film structure and is formed by bonding a plurality of flexible transparent films with a reflecting film plated on one side or a plurality of flexible transparent films with reflecting films plated on both sides through transparent glue, wherein the reflecting film flexible transparent films are formed with a structure that reflecting layers and transparent layers are arranged alternately in parallel;

the horizontal clamping sagging length of the flexible base element film is L₁(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₁And satisfies the following conditions: l is₁Not less than 5 or n₁*L₁＞9。

Furthermore, the thickness of the reflecting layer is 0.1-25 μm, the thickness of the transparent layer is 2-1 mm, and the thickness of the transparent layer is larger than that of the reflecting layer.

Further, the reflective film is any one of aluminum foil, iron foil, tin foil, zinc foil, copper foil, chromium foil, nickel foil, and titanium foil.

Further, the transparent glue is any one of epoxy resin AB glue, UV glue, shadowless glue, transparent glass glue, transparent wood glue and transparent all-purpose glue.

Further, the transparent film is any one of a plastic film, a PMMA film, a PS film, a PC film, a styrene acrylonitrile film, an MS film, a PET film, a PETG film, an ABS film, a PP film, a PA film, a SAN film, a MBS film, a PES film, a CR-39 film, a TPX film, a HEMA film, an F4 film, an F3 film, an EFP film, a PVF film, a PVDF film, an EP film, a PF film, a UP film, a cellulose acetate film, a cellulose nitrate film, an EVA film, a PE film, a PVC film, an amorphous cycloolefin film, and a modified bisphenol a epoxy film.

Further, one side or two sides of the substrate film is bonded with a flexible transparent protective film, and the flexible transparent protective film is any one of a transparent PMMA film, a PS film, a PC film, a styrene acrylonitrile film, an MS film, a PET film, a PETG film, an ABS film, a PP film, a PA film, an SAN film, an MBS film, a PES film, a CR-39 film, a TPX film, a HEMA film, an F4 film, an F3 film, an EFP film, a PVF film, a PVDF film, an EP film, a PF film, an UP film, a cellulose acetate film, a cellulose nitrate film, an EVA film, a PE film, a PVC film, an amorphous cycloolefin film and a modified bisphenol A epoxy resin film.

The utility model also provides a flexible holographic film, form through transparent glue bonding by two as above-mentioned flexible elementary membrane, and reflection stratum and stratum lucidum between the two-layer elementary membrane all use contained angle theta crisscross and form the grid, wherein 87 is less than or equal to theta and is less than or equal to 93, the flagging length of horizontal centre gripping of flexible holographic film is L₂(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₂And satisfies the following conditions: l is₂Not less than 5 or n₂*L₂＞9。

The utility model also provides a stereoplasm base element membrane, include as above-mentioned flexible base element membrane and the transparent protection film of stereoplasm, the two bonds through transparent glue and forms stereoplasm base element membrane, and the transparent protection film of stereoplasm is any one of glass, ya keli and the plastic film of transparent material.

The utility model discloses still provide a stereoplasm holographic membrane, by two form like bonding from top to bottom like above stereoplasm elementary membrane, perhaps form like above stereoplasm elementary membrane and another bonding from top to bottom like above-mentioned flexible elementary membrane by one like above, and reflection stratum and the stratum lucidum on two elementary membranes are crisscross and form the grid with contained angle theta, and wherein 87 theta is not less than and is not less than 93.

Further, the hard holographic film may be formed by bonding the flexible holographic film and a hard transparent plate, wherein the transparent plate is made of any one of transparent glass, acrylic and plastic film.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

1. the flexible substrate film, the flexible holographic film, the hard substrate film and the hard holographic film all comprise the flexible substrate film, and compared with the existing high-precision optical glass processing, on one hand, the flexible substrate film is low in material cost, on the other hand, when the flexible substrate film is processed, the flexible substrate film is not easy to break, the problems of residual stress and the like generated in the optical glass processing process can be avoided, the yield is greatly improved, and the optical glass processing method is suitable for large-scale popularization;

2. when the flexible holographic film is specifically applied, the flexible holographic film can be made into a scroll screen, a curved screen and the like, so that the flexibility is high, the flexible holographic film is convenient to store when not used, and the occupied space is small;

3. based on the material characteristics of the hard transparent flat plate and the hard transparent protective film, the hard holographic film is not easy to break, and the problems of residual stress and the like generated in the processing process of the optical glass can be avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a front view of a structure of a elementary film 1 in which the transparent layer 3 is a cured layer of transparent glue,

figure 2 is a front view of the structure of a base film 1 in which a transparent layer 3 is a transparent film bonded by a transparent glue,

figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of I of figure 2,

FIG. 4 is a structural view of a cell film 1 with a transparent protective film,

figure 5 is a structural perspective view of a flexible holographic film,

figure 6 is a front view of figure 5,

figure 7 is a top view of three different configurations of a flexible holographic film,

figure 8 is a top view of three different configurations of a rigid holographic film,

figure 9 is a diagram of an aero-levitation display system,

figure 10 is a schematic of the imaging optical path of a 3D display holographic film,

figure 11 is a side view of figure 10,

figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the partial internal ray reflection at II in figure 11,

figure 13 is a diagram of the effect of a flexible holographic screen for an air suspension display system application,

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the simulation effect of the imaging light path of the holographic film in 3D,

the reference numbers are as follows:

the holographic optical system comprises a substrate film 1, a reflecting layer 2, a transparent layer 3, a flexible transparent protective film 4, a grid 5, a hard transparent protective film 6, a hard transparent flat plate 7, a holographic projector 10, a projection screen 20, an interactive response unit 30, a processor 40 and a motion executing mechanism 50.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the description of the present invention is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the present invention provides a flexible substrate film, which is a flexible and bendable film structure, and has a horizontal clamping and sagging length of L₁(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₁And satisfies the following conditions: l is₁Not less than 5 or n₁*L₁> 9, in practice, n is preferably selected to ensure the best possible reliability₁Not less than 2 and L₁＞9；

Wherein n is₁The area is 100cm when the test is carried out for the number of times of folding²The method comprises the following steps of folding a square flexible base membrane 1 into a rectangle along a square middle line position (or within a range of 1cm near the middle line position), clamping the folded base membrane 1 in the middle by two flat plates, applying a force of 10-20N, pressurizing for 3-5 s, opening the base membrane 1 (completing a folding test at the moment), checking whether the base membrane 1 generates local microcracks or is broken into two parts along creases, repeating the test until the base membrane 1 generates local microcracks or is broken into two parts if the base membrane does not generate local microcracks or is broken into two parts, stopping the test, and recording the total folding times in the test process as N₁；

Wherein L is₁For horizontal clamping of the sagging length, the test method: taking a narrow strip element film 1 with the width of 5cm +/-0.5 cm and the length of about 25cm, enabling one end of the narrow strip element film to be tightly attached to a horizontal reference table top, ensuring that the length of the narrow strip extending out of the table top is 20cm +/-1 cm, standing, and measuring the vertical height difference between the end point of the narrow strip extending out of the table top and the horizontal reference table top after the narrow strip is stabilized to be recorded as horizontal droop length L₁；

The test itself is an accelerated test means, can judge the reliability of the sample in the long-term use process fast, the flexible 3D display substrate membrane 1 needs to bear operations such as coiling, storing and opening for many times when being applied, the service life is calculated according to the design 5 years, the whole life cycle needs to be stored and unfolded for about 10000 times, in order to evaluate the service life of the substrate membrane 1 with higher speed, the utility model discloses an above-mentioned fifty percent discount test and horizontal clamping droop length test;

when n is₁*L₁When n is greater than 9, the larger n indicates that the smaller the ultimate bending radius of curvature of the base film 1, the stronger the breaking resistance, and L₁The larger the base film 1, the better the flexibility, and the less likely the base film 1 is damaged by winding, and n is found by experiments₁*L₁The basic equivalent 10000 times of open-close tests meet the requirement of the minimum design life when the test time is 9, and if the test time is too small, the quality problem is easy to occur in the service cycle of the product, and the customer experience is reduced;

in practical application, some transparent glue and transparent films which are relatively hard after being cured can be used, so that the prepared flexible base membrane 1 can be broken when being folded in half, but the structure can not be damaged when being wound, and the flexible base membrane is also suitable for winding screens. For such materials, as long as the prepared base membrane 1 can be wound into a cylinder with the diameter less than 5cm, the whole base membrane 1 is relatively flexible, and the fracture loss in the processing process is small. In general L₁When the diameter is more than or equal to 5cm, the elementary membrane can be wound into a cylinder with the diameter less than 5cm without breaking.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the flexible substrate film 1 is formed by bonding a plurality of flexible transparent films with a reflective film plated on one side or a plurality of flexible transparent films with reflective films plated on both sides by transparent glue, wherein the flexible transparent films of the reflective films are formed with a structure in which a reflective layer 2 and a transparent layer 3 are arranged in parallel, the reflective layer 2 is a metal foil capable of reflecting light or other reflective films with reflective function, the reflective layer 2 is used for reflecting light, it is noted that if the reflective layer is too thick, too much light is shielded, the thinner the reflective layer is, but considering the process preparation difficulty and cost, the reflective film is formed by using an aluminum foil, an iron foil, a tin foil, a zinc foil, a copper foil, a chromium foil, a nickel foil, a titanium foil or other reflective films capable of reflecting light, and the thickness of 0.1 μm to 25 μm;

the transparent layer 3 is a transparent film for transmitting light and/or a transparent glue curing layer, is used for transmitting light, and satisfies that the thickness of the transparent layer 3 is always larger than that of the reflecting layer 2, and the thickness of the transparent layer is 2 mu m-1 mm;

wherein the transparent glue can be any one of UV glue, shadowless glue, transparent glass glue, transparent wood glue and transparent all-purpose glue;

the transparent film may be any one of a plastic film, a PMMA film, an IPMMA film, a PS film, a PC film, a PE film, a styrene acrylonitrile film, an MS film, a PET film, a PETG film, an ABS film, a PP film, a PA film, a SAN film, a MBS film, a PEs film, a CR-39 film, a TPX film, a HEMA film, an F4 film, an F3 film, an EFP film, a PVF film, a PVDF film, an EP film, a PF film, a UP film, a cellulose acetate film, a cellulose nitrate film, an EVA film, a PE film, a PVC film, a novel amorphous thermoplastic polyester film, an amorphous cycloolefin film, and a modified bisphenol a epoxy resin film.

One side or two sides of the substrate film 1 are bonded with a layer of flexible transparent protective film 4, the flexible transparent protective film 4 is any one of transparent PMMA film, IPMMA film, PS film, PC film, styrene acrylonitrile film, MS film, PET film, PETG film, ABS film, PP film, PA film, SAN film, MBS film, PES film, CR-39 film, TPX film, HEMA film, F4 film, F3 film, EFP film, PVF film, PVDF film, EP film, PF film, UP film, cellulose acetate film, cellulose nitrate film, EVA film, PE film, PVC film, amorphous cycloolefin film and modified bisphenol A epoxy resin film.

The preparation method of the flexible element film comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a cured pile:

a) stacking a plurality of transparent thin films plated with reflecting films which are cut in advance layer by layer to form a reflecting film stack with alternately arranged reflecting layers and transparent layers;

b) the reflecting film stack is wholly soaked in transparent glue water until the transparent glue water completely permeates into gaps among the transparent films and then is taken out, and it is required to be explained that the transparent films are piled up and then are fluffy stacks, gaps exist among the layers, so that when the reflecting film stack is contacted with the transparent glue water, the transparent glue water can go deep into the layers under the action of surface tension and is completely filled, bubbles are not easy to appear, and the glue water has a bonding effect on various materials, so that the reflecting film stack is very easy to infiltrate with the surfaces of the transparent films and the reflecting films, and the reflecting film stack can be filled between the transparent films and the reflecting films under the action of the surface tension and is similar to a capillary phenomenon;

c) standing and curing, wherein in the curing process, a certain pressure is applied to extrude out redundant glue among the transparent films so as to control the thickness of the transparent layer, a curing stack with alternately arranged reflecting layers 2 and transparent layers 3 is formed after curing, wherein the reflecting layers form the reflecting layers 2, and the transparent films and/or the transparent glue curing layers form the transparent layer 3;

2) preparing a basic element film: grinding a smooth surface in the direction vertical to the plane of the reflecting layer, marking the smooth surface as a cutting reference surface, cutting a sheet from the solidified pile along the direction parallel to the cutting reference surface, marking the sheet as a base element film 1, wherein the newly cut surface on the solidified pile is the cutting reference surface of the next cutting, and repeating the cutting step to cut the solidified pile in the step 1) into a plurality of base element films 1.

Wherein, the preparation of the curing stack in the step 1) can also adopt the following mode:

the transparent film plated with the reflecting film is placed on a plane, transparent glue is uniformly coated on the upper surface of the transparent film, then another transparent film plated with the reflecting film is stacked on the transparent glue layer, the stacking process is repeated to form a structure in which the reflecting film and the transparent film are stacked alternately, and a solidified stack is formed after standing and solidifying.

The transparent layer 3 is formed by curing a flexible transparent film and/or transparent glue, and based on the materials of the transparent glue and the transparent film, the cured transparent layer 3 has better flexibility, so that the element film 1 obtained by cutting also has better flexibility.

In order to reduce the amount of transparent glue and further increase the thickness of the transparent layer 3, at least one transparent film as described above may also be adhered between the two reflective layers 2 by transparent glue.

Based on the materials of the transparent adhesive tape and the transparent film, the cured transparent layer 3 has better flexibility, and the element film 1 has better flexibility after being cut into the element film 1.

Reference may be made in particular to the thicknesses of the reflective layer 2, the transparent layer 3 and the elementary film 1 in the following table:

thickness of reflecting layer (mum)	Thickness of transparent layer (μm)	Elementary film thickness (μm)
			0.1	1	1
1	2	2
			5	10	10
10	20	20
			15	30	30
20	50	50
			25	100	100
25	300	300
			25	1000	1000

In the actual preparation process, different glues are adopted, the standing and curing time is different, the glue can be properly heated according to the glue characteristics when used, for example, when epoxy resin AB glue is used, the glue can be heated to about 28 ℃, the curing process is accelerated, and meanwhile, bubbles can be prevented from being generated;

in the actual cutting process, a high-precision linear cutting machine can be used for cutting, as shown in fig. 4, a layer of the flexible transparent protective film 4 can be bonded on a cutting reference surface by using transparent glue before cutting, and the element film 1 with the flexible transparent protective film 4 is obtained after cutting;

although the transparent protective film of the element film 1 with the transparent protective film is adhered before cutting, in practical application, the transparent protective film can be adhered after cutting, one surface or both surfaces can be adhered, and the material of the transparent protective film is selected according to the practical application requirement;

adopt foretell preparation method, need not complicated coating process and just can prepare out the holographic elementary membrane of hyperfine structure with the micron order, compare with the extremely high processing cost of current high accuracy optical glass processing technology, preparation method material cost and processing technology cost all lower, be fit for promoting on a large scale, simultaneously the utility model discloses a flexible elementary membrane itself is flexible for add man-hour to it, be difficult for garrulous, also can not appear glass processing in-process and produce residual stress scheduling problem, improved the yields greatly, when specifically using, can make scroll formula screen, curved surface screen etc. the activity ratio is higher, accomodate the convenience when not using, occupation space is less.

The utility model also provides a flexible holographic film, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, comprising two layers of the flexible cell films 1 which are bonded together from top to bottom, and the reflecting layer 2 and the transparent layer 3 between the two layers of the flexible cell films 1 are staggered with an included angle theta to form a grid 5, wherein theta is more than or equal to 87 degrees and less than or equal to 93 degrees, preferably 90 degrees;

wherein the horizontal clamping sag length of the flexible holographic film is L₂(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₂And satisfies the following conditions: l is₂Not less than 5 or n₂*L₂> 9, in practice, n is preferably selected to ensure the best possible reliability₂Not less than 2 and L₂＞9；

When the flexible holographic film is used specifically, the flexible holographic film can be made into a scroll screen, a curved screen and the like, the flexibility is high, the flexible holographic film is convenient to store when not used, and the occupied space is small.

The utility model also provides a stereoplasm elementary membrane, as figure 4, including the foretell flexible elementary membrane 1 of one deck and the transparent protection film of one deck stereoplasm 6, the two forms stereoplasm elementary membrane through transparent glue bonding, and the transparent protection film of stereoplasm 6 is any one of glass, ya keli and the plastic film of transparent material, and when transparent protection film was the material of the transparent protection film of above-mentioned flexibility simultaneously, when the thickness of transparent protection film is great, itself was just harder transparent protection film, is suitable for stereoplasm 3D to show holographic projection screen equally.

The utility model also provides a hard holographic film, like figure 5, figure 6 and figure 8, is formed by bonding two layers of hard elementary films from top to bottom, or is formed by bonding one layer of hard elementary film and another layer of flexible elementary film from top to bottom, and the reflecting layer 2 and the transparent layer 3 on the two elementary films are staggered by an included angle theta and form a grid 5, wherein theta is more than or equal to 87 degrees and less than or equal to 93 degrees, preferably 90 degrees;

the hard holographic film can be formed by adhering a flexible holographic film to a hard transparent flat plate 7, and the hard transparent flat plate 7 is made of any one of transparent glass, acrylic and plastic films;

based on the material characteristics of the hard transparent protective film 6 and the hard transparent flat plate 7, the hard holographic film is not easy to break, and the problems of residual stress and the like generated in the processing process of the optical glass can be avoided.

In view of the fact that in practice it may be necessary to produce very large holographic films, where the microstructure of the elementary film 1 is correspondingly relatively "rough", the thickness of the transparent layer 3 may be up to 1mm or even more.

As shown in fig. 9, the flexible holographic film or the hard holographic film is applied to air suspension display:

the air suspension display system comprises a holographic projector 10, a projection screen 20 prepared based on a flexible holographic film or a hard holographic film, an interactive response unit 30 and a processor 40, wherein the holographic projector 10 is used for projecting a 3D holographic image with depth in space, the 3D holographic image is positioned on one side of the projection screen 20, the projection screen 20 is used for converting the 3D image with depth information projected by the holographic projector 10 to a conjugate position, a motion executing mechanism 50 is arranged on the holographic projector 10 and/or the projection screen 20, and the interactive response unit 30 is used for sensing user interactive action information and the position of eyes of a user;

the holographic projector 10, the interactive response unit 30 and the motion actuator 50 are respectively electrically connected with the processor 40, the processor 40 sends projection data information to the holographic projector 10 to control the projection picture and the picture depth of the holographic projector 10, and controls the motion actuator 50 to adjust the relative position of the holographic projector 10 and the projection screen 20 according to the received positioning information of the human eyes acquired by the interactive response unit 30, or controls the system to make corresponding response according to the identified interactive action information of the user;

preferably, the projection screen 20 is a roll screen made of a flexible holographic film, which can be rolled up and stored on a roll when not in use, and can be unfolded to form a flat surface when in use, and can be adhered to a transparent flat plate to be changed into a hard screen when in use due to the flexibility of the flexible projection screen.

Imaging principle: as shown in fig. 10 to 14, the projected light is reflected by the reflective layer inside the hologram film forming the projection screen 20, and there is one or more reflections to form a 3D image at a conjugate position with respect to the projection screen 20, and the final image forming effect of the image forming principle is consistent with that of the flat lens made of a negative refractive index material.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims

1. Flexible base element membrane, its characterized in that: the whole base element film (1) is of a flexible and bendable film structure and is formed by bonding a plurality of flexible transparent films with reflecting films plated on one surfaces or a plurality of flexible transparent films with reflecting films plated on both surfaces through transparent glue, wherein the reflecting film flexible transparent films are formed into a structure that reflecting layers (2) and transparent layers (3) are arranged alternately in parallel;

the horizontal clamping sagging length of the flexible base element film (1) is L₁(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₁And satisfies the following conditions: l is₁Not less than 5 or n₁*L₁＞9。

2. The flexible substrate film of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the reflecting layer (2) is 0.1-25 mu m, the thickness of the transparent layer (3) is 2-1 mm, and the thickness of the transparent layer (3) is larger than that of the reflecting layer (2).

3. The flexible substrate film of claim 1, wherein: the reflecting film is any one of aluminum foil, iron foil, tin foil, zinc foil, copper foil, chromium foil, nickel foil and titanium foil.

4. The flexible substrate film of claim 1, wherein: the transparent glue is any one of epoxy resin AB glue, UV glue, shadowless glue, transparent glass glue, transparent wood glue and transparent all-purpose glue.

5. The flexible substrate film of claim 1, wherein: the flexible transparent film is any one of a plastic film, a PMMA film, an IPMMA film, a PS film, a PC film, a styrene acrylonitrile film, an MS film, a PET film, a PETG film, an ABS film, a PP film, a PA film, a SAN film, an MBS film, a PES film, a CR-39 film, a TPX film, a HEMA film, an F4 film, an F3 film, an EFP film, a PVF film, a PVDF film, an EP film, a PF film, a UP film, a cellulose acetate film, a cellulose nitrate film, an EVA film, a PE film, a PVC film, an amorphous cycloolefin film and a modified bisphenol A epoxy resin film which are made of transparent materials.

6. The flexible substrate film of claim 1, wherein: one side or two sides of the substrate membrane (1) are bonded with a flexible transparent protective membrane (4), and the flexible transparent protective membrane (4) is any one of transparent PMMA membrane, IPMMA membrane, PS membrane, PC membrane, styrene acrylonitrile membrane, MS membrane, PET membrane, PETG membrane, ABS membrane, PP membrane, PA membrane, SAN membrane, MBS membrane, PES membrane, CR-39 membrane, TPX membrane, HEMA membrane, F4 membrane, F3 membrane, EFP membrane, PVF membrane, PVDF membrane, EP membrane, PF membrane, UP membrane, cellulose acetate membrane, cellulose nitrate membrane, EVA membrane, PE membrane, PVC membrane, amorphous cycloolefin membrane and modified bisphenol A epoxy resin membrane.

7. Flexible holographic film, its characterized in that: formed by bonding two flexible substrate films (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 through transparent glue, wherein the reflecting layer (2) and the transparent layer (3) between the two substrate films (1) are staggered at an included angle theta to form a grid (5), the theta is more than or equal to 87 degrees and less than or equal to 93 degrees, and the horizontal clamping sagging length of the flexible holographic film is L₂(cm), the number of times of folding in half is n₂And satisfies the following conditions: l is₂Not less than 5 or n₂*L₂＞9。

8. The hard element film is characterized in that: the flexible substrate film comprises the flexible substrate film (1) and the hard transparent protective film (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flexible substrate film and the hard transparent protective film are bonded through transparent glue to form the hard substrate film, and the hard transparent protective film (6) is made of any one of glass, acrylic and plastic films made of transparent materials.

9. The hard holographic film is characterized in that: formed by bonding two hard element films (1) according to claim 8 up and down, or formed by bonding one hard element film (1) according to claim 8 and another flexible element film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 up and down, and the reflecting layer (2) and the transparent layer (3) on the two element films (1) are staggered at an included angle theta to form a grid (5), wherein the angle theta is more than or equal to 87 degrees and less than or equal to 93 degrees.

10. The rigid holographic film of claim 9, wherein: the rigid holographic film can be formed by bonding the flexible holographic film as claimed in claim 7 with a rigid transparent plate (7), wherein the transparent plate (7) is made of any one of transparent glass, acrylic and plastic film.