CN211287805U - Steam turbine heating system - Google Patents
Steam turbine heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211287805U CN211287805U CN201921803207.7U CN201921803207U CN211287805U CN 211287805 U CN211287805 U CN 211287805U CN 201921803207 U CN201921803207 U CN 201921803207U CN 211287805 U CN211287805 U CN 211287805U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a steam turbine warming-up system, including cylinder quick cooling system, intermediate layer heating system, high-pressure cylinder, medium pressure cylinder and a plurality of pipelines, valve, the warm-up method relates to the control when equipment moves, and this system make full use of the original pipe network of low temperature steam of medium pressure cylinder, and the theory is novel unique, has avoided increasing equipment excessively, especially need not reform transform the medium pressure cylinder, only need adjust some pipe networks already, has greatly reduced the transformation cost; the system is particularly suitable for use with conventional generator sets. After improvement, the overall overhaul period of the steam turbine can be shortened by about 100h, and the unit availability factor is improved. This utility model is used for steam turbine power generation equipment field.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a steam turbine power generation equipment field especially relates to a steam turbine engine warm-up system.
Background
The cylinder is one of the main components of the stationary part of the steam turbine. The function of the device is to isolate the steam from the outside atmosphere to form steam flow, thereby completing the closed space of energy conversion. Depending on the characteristics of the steam flow flowing in the turbine, the high-pressure part is subjected to the pressure of the high-pressure steam, and the low-pressure part is subjected to the pressure of the external atmosphere when the steam pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure. The load of each part of the cylinder is not changed greatly during the operation of the steam turbine, but the cylinder is still a part with complicated shape, heavy weight and more problems to be considered of the steam turbine due to the change of steam flow, temperature and volume.
In order to facilitate processing, assembly and maintenance, a cylinder is usually made into a horizontal split type, wherein the upper half part is called an upper cylinder, and the lower half part is called a lower cylinder; the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected by a flange through bolts. The cylinder is the casing of the steam turbine, and the partition board, the nozzle, the rotor and other parts are all arranged in the cylinder to form a tight steam chamber, so that the steam can complete the acting process in the cylinder.
The unit has two problems after being put into operation: 1. the unit has large heat capacity, the cylinder has good heat insulation performance, but the natural cooling time of the cylinder is long after the machine is shut down, the maintenance work can be started only after the machine is normally shut down within 120-150 hours, the maintenance construction period is influenced, and the availability factor of the unit is reduced. 2. When the unit is started, the temperature rise of the high-pressure cylinder is slow, so that the expansion of the cylinder is slow, and meanwhile, the temperature difference between the inner wall and the outer wall of the medium-pressure inner cylinder is large, so that the medium-pressure inner cylinder is easy to deform; the temperature of the medium-pressure outer cylinder rises slowly, the expansion of the medium-pressure outer cylinder is slow, the warm-up time in the starting process of the unit is prolonged, the progress from grid connection to splitting, loading and SCR operation (required smoke temperature is 290 ℃) of the unit is seriously influenced, and the economical efficiency of the unit is reduced. It can be said that the prior art also substantially solves the above-mentioned problems, since there is room for improvement in the steps of cooling the cylinder at the stop and warming up the cylinder at the start.
For the cooling step, a cylinder rapid cooling system may be introduced to solve the above problems. The cylinder quick cooling system is a set of device aiming at shortening the cooling speed of a unit and increasing the overhaul time. The main function of the cooling device is to take away heat of the original cylinder needing natural heat dissipation and cooling by introducing steam with a lower temperature than that of the cylinder after the unit is stopped, so as to accelerate the cooling speed, and the introduced steam is also positioned inside the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder to ensure the heat dissipation effect.
For the warm-up step, a high temperature sandwich heating system may be introduced. Taking a high-pressure cylinder with an inner layer and an outer layer as an example, one unit comprises a high-pressure interlayer temperature mixing box, part of low-temperature steam separated from a main steam pipeline enters the interlayer temperature mixing box during the starting period of the unit, and then the low-pressure steam enters an interlayer of the high-pressure cylinder from an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, so that the temperature difference of the high-pressure inner cylinder is reduced, and the warming efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder is accelerated. Increasing the total amount of steam entering the sandwich per unit time may further increase the warming efficiency. It can be understood with reference to the prior art CN109296409A, a method for controlling the temperature difference of the fast cooling or fast starting of a steam turbine, which discloses a scheme of directly feeding low-temperature steam into the interlayer of a high-and medium-pressure cylinder.
In fact, the cylinder rapid cooling system and the interlayer heating system are matched equipment of each unit, but one set of high-pressure interlayer heating system has extremely large investment and extremely small application range and can only be used for shortening the warm-up time. Because the operating conditions of the high-pressure cylinder are very strict, the high-pressure cylinder needs to be connected with the two systems at the same time; the operating conditions of the medium pressure cylinder are relatively loose, and in order to save cost, the traditional scheme is that the medium pressure cylinder is only connected with a cylinder quick cooling system at the beginning of design. However, with the increase of the demand, the conventional equipment cannot meet the production requirement, and the intermediate pressure cylinder also needs to be connected with the interlayer heating system, so that how to modify the existing equipment becomes a big problem (the modification is difficult because the intermediate pressure cylinder does not reserve a special interface at the beginning of the model selection, cannot be directly connected with the interlayer heating system, and the difficulty in re-cutting and welding the interface is large and the overall performance of the intermediate pressure cylinder is easily damaged).
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a steam turbine warm-up system improves the operating efficiency of middling pressure cylinder and whole unit, and the transformation process is simple moreover, and economic benefits is good.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
a steam turbine warming-up system comprises a cylinder rapid cooling system; a sandwich heating system; the high-pressure cylinder comprises an upper-layer high-pressure shell and a lower-layer high-pressure shell which are provided with interlayers, and the interlayer of the upper-layer high-pressure shell and the lower-layer high-pressure shell is connected with the cylinder rapid cooling system and the interlayer heating system; the middle-pressure cylinder comprises an upper-layer middle-pressure shell and a lower-layer middle-pressure shell which are provided with interlayers, and the interlayers of the upper-layer middle-pressure shell and the lower-layer middle-pressure shell are connected with the cylinder rapid cooling system; and the interlayer heating system extends out of an improved steam pipe, and the tail end of the improved steam pipe is respectively connected with a pipe network between the upper-layer medium-pressure shell and the cylinder rapid cooling system and a pipe network between the lower-layer medium-pressure shell and the cylinder rapid cooling system.
Has the advantages that: the system fully utilizes the original pipe network of low-temperature steam of the medium-pressure cylinder, has novel and unique concept, avoids excessive increase of equipment, particularly only needs to adjust part of the pipe network without modifying the medium-pressure cylinder, and greatly reduces the modification cost; the system is particularly suitable for use with conventional generator sets. After improvement, the overall overhaul period of the steam turbine can be shortened by about 100h, and the unit availability factor is improved.
As an improvement of the scheme, a first valve is arranged before a pipe network of the cylinder rapid cooling system reaches a joint of the improved steam pipe, the design has the function of changing a conduction path of the pipe network, low-temperature steam is prevented from flowing into the interlayer heating system, and the low-temperature steam can completely enter the medium-pressure cylinder.
As an improvement of the scheme, the interlayer heating system obtains steam from a steam pipe system, and at least one steam inlet pipe is additionally arranged between the interlayer heating system and the steam pipe system on the basis of maintaining the original steam obtaining. The transformation principle of the system is to reduce the cost as much as possible, so the gas transmission amount of the original interlayer heating system meets the requirement of a high-pressure cylinder, and when the steam amount needs to be shunted by the medium-pressure cylinder, the steam amount entering the interlayer heating system is increased, thereby balancing the requirements of the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder.
As an improvement of the scheme, the steam pipes of the interlayer heating system, which are connected with the upper high-pressure shell and the lower high-pressure shell, are respectively called as an upper high-pressure steam pipe and a lower high-pressure steam pipe, the improved steam pipe comprises two branches, the steam pipes respectively connecting the improved steam pipe with the upper-layer medium-pressure shell and the lower-layer medium-pressure shell are respectively called as an upper-layer medium-pressure steam pipe and a lower-layer medium-pressure steam pipe, one output end of the interlayer heating system is provided with a second valve, then the upper layer high-pressure steam pipe and the lower layer high-pressure steam pipe are connected at the same time through the output end of the second valve, the other output end of the interlayer heating system is provided with a third valve, then the upper-layer medium-pressure steam pipe and the lower-layer medium-pressure steam pipe are connected at the same time through the output end of the third valve, and a fourth valve is arranged between the output end of the second valve and the input end of the third valve. Because the steam quantity required by the high-pressure cylinder is larger, the fourth valve is arranged between the pipe network leading to the high-pressure cylinder and the pipe network leading to the medium-pressure cylinder, so that the steam quantity between the two pipe networks can be conveniently adjusted; because additionally arranged the branch on reforming transform pipe network in-process current pipeline, reduced the steam volume that original high pressure cylinder obtained easily, can shift some steam to the branch of pipeline temporarily from other pipe networks in this moment to ensure that the branch of pipeline also can provide sufficient steam volume.
As an improvement of the scheme, the cylinder rapid cooling system comprises a first low-temperature steam pipe and a second low-temperature steam pipe, the first low-temperature steam pipe is connected with the improved steam pipe, the first valve is located on the first low-temperature steam pipe, the second low-temperature steam pipe is provided with a fifth valve, and the fifth valve is connected with the upper-layer high-pressure steam pipe and the lower-layer high-pressure steam pipe through the output end of the fifth valve. In fact, the high-pressure cylinder can completely adopt a pipe network similar to the medium-pressure cylinder, and the structure is simple and efficient.
Drawings
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a warming-up system.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated, for example, up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., referred to the orientation description is the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description of the present invention, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality of meanings are one or more, a plurality of meanings are two or more, and the terms greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the number, and the terms above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless there is an explicit limitation, the words such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in combination with the specific contents of the technical solution in the present invention.
The utility model relates to a steam turbine warm-up system and warm-up method. Referring to fig. 1, the thick line in fig. 1 indicates the pipe network according to the present embodiment, and the warming-up system is described first.
The warming system comprises a cylinder rapid cooling system 10, a sandwich heating system 20, a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a plurality of pipelines and valves. Both the rapid cooling system and the sandwich heating system 20 are prior art; the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder are also prior art, and the structure thereof can refer to various technical manuals, but the embodiment takes the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder with a sandwich layer as an example. In the conventional scheme, the high-pressure cylinder comprises an upper-layer high-pressure shell 31 and a lower-layer high-pressure shell 32 which are both provided with an interlayer, and the interlayer of the upper-layer high-pressure shell 31 and the lower-layer high-pressure shell 32 is connected with both the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 and the interlayer heating system 20; the medium pressure cylinder comprises an upper medium pressure casing 41 and a lower medium pressure casing 42 which are both provided with a sandwich layer, and the sandwich layer of the upper medium pressure casing 41 and the lower medium pressure casing 42 is connected with the cylinder rapid cooling system 10.
It should be noted that in order to save costs, the conventional solution is that at the beginning of the design, the medium pressure cylinder is only connected to the cylinder rapid cooling system 10. However, as demand increases, conventional equipment has not been able to meet production needs, and intermediate pressure cylinders are also required to connect the sandwich heating system 20. On the basis, the interlayer heating system 20 extends out of improved steam pipes, and the tail ends of the improved steam pipes are respectively connected with a pipe network between the upper medium pressure shell 41 and the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 and between the lower medium pressure shell 42 and the cylinder rapid cooling system 10; with particular reference to the upper right hand position of fig. 1, there is shown the connection of the modified steam pipe to the network of the cylinder rapid cooling system 10.
The cylinder rapid cooling system 10 is a set of devices aiming at shortening the cooling speed of the unit and increasing the maintenance time. The main function of the cooling device is to take away heat of the original cylinder needing natural heat dissipation and cooling by introducing steam with a lower temperature than that of the cylinder after the unit is stopped, so as to accelerate the cooling speed, and the introduced steam is also positioned inside the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder to ensure the heat dissipation effect. Since this system is not required during the start-up of the unit, the problem can be solved by simply connecting the steam required by the medium pressure cylinder to the piping of the cylinder rapid cooling system 10.
The system fully utilizes the original pipe network of low-temperature steam of the medium-pressure cylinder, has novel and unique concept, avoids excessive increase of equipment, particularly only needs to adjust part of the pipe network without modifying the medium-pressure cylinder, and greatly reduces the modification cost; the system is particularly suitable for use with conventional generator sets. After improvement, in a high-temperature stage after the unit is shut down, dry air with the working pressure of 0.4-0.8 MPa and the temperature of 150-350 ℃ is conveyed into the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder, the steam turbine body is safely and reliably cooled quickly, the temperature of the inner wall of the cylinder can reach below 150 ℃ within 24-48 hours, and finally the purpose of quickly cooling the steam turbine is achieved, so that the overhaul period is shortened by 100 hours, and the availability factor of the unit is improved.
Preferably, the first valve 51 is arranged in the pipe network of the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 before the pipe network reaches the connection with the modified steam pipe, and the design plays a role of changing the conduction path of the pipe network, so that low-temperature steam is prevented from flowing into the interlayer heating system 20, and the low-temperature steam can completely enter the medium-pressure cylinder.
After the problem of the intermediate pressure cylinder intermediate layer steam inlet path is solved, the flow problem of the intermediate layer steam is solved. Preferably, the sandwich heating system 20 obtains steam from the steam line because the output of the existing sandwich heating system 20 is insufficient, and at least one steam inlet pipe is additionally arranged between the sandwich heating system 20 and the steam line on the basis of maintaining the original steam obtaining, so that the steam amount introduced into the sandwich heating system 20 can be remarkably increased. In fig. 1 it can be seen that there are two arrows on the sandwich heating system 20, indicating two steam inputs.
It is found through SIS data acquisition that the steam quantity required by the high-pressure cylinder is linearly reduced along with time, because when the temperature difference of the inner cylinder of the high-pressure cylinder is small, the required specific enthalpy is also reduced, and in this time, an operator needs to continuously close the regulating valve through remote control, so that the aim of maintaining the stable rise of the cylinder temperature is fulfilled. Based on the scheme, the surplus steam can be completely introduced into the medium-pressure cylinder, so that the full-load working of the interlayer heating system 20 can be ensured, and another system does not need to be arranged.
Preferably, the steam pipes of the sandwich heating system 20 connected to the upper high pressure casing 31 and the lower high pressure casing 32 are referred to as an upper high pressure steam pipe 33 and a lower high pressure steam pipe 34, the improved steam pipe comprises two branches, the steam pipes respectively connecting the improved steam pipe with the upper medium pressure shell 41 and the lower medium pressure shell 42 are respectively called an upper medium pressure steam pipe 43 and a lower medium pressure steam pipe 44, one output end of the interlayer heating system 20 is provided with a second valve 52, then, the upper-layer high-pressure steam pipe 33 and the lower-layer high-pressure steam pipe 34 are connected at the same time through the output end of the second valve 52, the third valve 53 is arranged at the other output end of the interlayer heating system 20, then the medium pressure steam pipe 43 on the upper layer and the medium pressure steam pipe 44 on the lower layer are connected simultaneously through the output end of the third valve 53, a fourth valve 54 is provided between the output of the second valve 52 and the input of the third valve 53. In fig. 1 there is shown a high pressure cylinder and two medium pressure cylinders, so it can be seen that the ends of the upper medium pressure steam pipe 43 and the lower medium pressure steam pipe 44 are further branched.
The effect of arranging the fourth valve 54 between the pipe network leading to the high-pressure cylinder and the pipe network leading to the medium-pressure cylinder is that the amount of steam between the two pipe networks is adjusted, because the amount of steam needed by the high-pressure cylinder is large. Because additionally arrange the branch on current pipeline in the transformation pipe network process, reduce the steam volume that original high-pressure cylinder obtained easily, can temporarily shift some steam to the branch of pipeline from other pipe networks in this moment to ensure that the branch of pipeline also can provide sufficient steam volume.
In other embodiments, the pressure and flow rate of the sandwich heating system 20 and steam piping may be increased, but this tends to increase the equipment burden.
Preferably, the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 includes a first low temperature steam pipe 61 and a second low temperature steam pipe 62, the first low temperature steam pipe 61 is connected to the modified steam pipe, the first valve 51 is located on the first low temperature steam pipe 61, and the second low temperature steam pipe 62 is provided with a fifth valve 55 and is connected to the upper high pressure steam pipe 33 and the lower high pressure steam pipe 34 through an output end of the fifth valve 55. As can be seen from fig. 1, in practice, the high-pressure cylinder can also completely adopt a pipe network similar to the medium-pressure cylinder, and the structure is simple and efficient, and the number of the ports on the high-pressure cylinder is reduced.
The pipe network of the warming system is provided with a plurality of drain valves, emptying pipes and valves, and for some common valves, a manual regulating valve and an electric regulating valve can be adopted. It should be added that a plurality of valves can be installed on one pipeline at the same time to form multiple insurance.
A warm-up method using the steam turbine warm-up system comprises the following steps: during cooling, the valves on the pipe network of the interlayer heating system 20, including the third valve 53, are closed, and the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 operates to input low-temperature steam into the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder; during warming up, the valves on the pipe network of the cylinder rapid cooling system 10 are closed, including the first valve 51, and the interlayer heating system 20 inputs high-temperature steam into the high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder.
Preferably, during warm-up, the sandwich heating system 20 is operated at a rated power, and the high-temperature steam input into the high-pressure cylinder is gradually reduced by adjusting the valve, so that the surplus high-temperature steam is input into the medium-pressure cylinder.
For the use of the fourth valve 54, the fourth valve 54 may be first opened when high temperature steam is introduced, and the third valve 53 may be properly closed or closed, so that most of the steam in the sandwiched heating system 20 enters the high pressure cylinder to meet the demand of the high pressure cylinder, and then the surplus steam is transferred to the medium pressure cylinder.
Of course, the design creation is not limited to the above embodiments, and the combination of different features of the above embodiments can also achieve good effects. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such equivalent changes or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. A steam turbine warming system comprises
A cylinder rapid cooling system;
a sandwich heating system;
the high-pressure cylinder comprises an upper-layer high-pressure shell and a lower-layer high-pressure shell which are provided with interlayers, and the interlayer of the upper-layer high-pressure shell and the lower-layer high-pressure shell is connected with the cylinder rapid cooling system and the interlayer heating system;
the middle-pressure cylinder comprises an upper-layer middle-pressure shell and a lower-layer middle-pressure shell which are provided with interlayers, and the interlayers of the upper-layer middle-pressure shell and the lower-layer middle-pressure shell are connected with the cylinder rapid cooling system;
the method is characterized in that: and the interlayer heating system extends out of an improved steam pipe, and the tail end of the improved steam pipe is respectively connected with a pipe network between the upper-layer medium-pressure shell and the cylinder rapid cooling system and a pipe network between the lower-layer medium-pressure shell and the cylinder rapid cooling system.
2. The turbine warmup system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first valve is arranged on the pipe network of the cylinder rapid cooling system before the pipe network reaches the connection part of the modified steam pipe.
3. The turbine warmup system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the interlayer heating system obtains steam from the steam pipe system, and at least one steam inlet pipe is additionally arranged between the interlayer heating system and the steam pipe system on the basis of maintaining the original steam obtaining.
4. The turbine warmup system according to claim 3, characterized in that: will the steam pipe that intermediate layer heating system connects upper high pressure casing and lower floor's high pressure casing is called upper strata high pressure steam pipe and lower floor's high pressure steam pipe respectively, the improvement steam pipe includes two branches, will the steam pipe that improvement steam pipe connects upper strata medium pressure casing and lower floor's medium pressure casing respectively is called upper strata medium pressure steam pipe and lower floor's medium pressure steam pipe respectively, an output of intermediate layer heating system sets up the second valve, then connect upper strata high pressure steam pipe and lower floor's high pressure steam pipe simultaneously through the output of second valve, another output of intermediate layer heating system sets up the third valve, then connect upper strata medium pressure steam pipe and lower floor's medium pressure steam pipe simultaneously through the output of third valve, the output of second valve with be equipped with the fourth valve between the input of third valve.
5. The turbine warmup system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cylinder rapid cooling system comprises a first low-temperature steam pipe and a second low-temperature steam pipe, the first low-temperature steam pipe is connected with the improved steam pipe, the first valve is located on the first low-temperature steam pipe, the second low-temperature steam pipe is provided with a fifth valve, and the fifth valve is connected with the upper-layer high-pressure steam pipe and the lower-layer high-pressure steam pipe through the output end of the fifth valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921803207.7U CN211287805U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Steam turbine heating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921803207.7U CN211287805U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Steam turbine heating system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211287805U true CN211287805U (en) | 2020-08-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921803207.7U Active CN211287805U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Steam turbine heating system |
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| CN (1) | CN211287805U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-10-24 CN CN201921803207.7U patent/CN211287805U/en active Active
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