CN211238106U - Relay protection equipment and engineering machinery - Google Patents
Relay protection equipment and engineering machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN211238106U CN211238106U CN202020232077.2U CN202020232077U CN211238106U CN 211238106 U CN211238106 U CN 211238106U CN 202020232077 U CN202020232077 U CN 202020232077U CN 211238106 U CN211238106 U CN 211238106U
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to relay protection equipment and engineering machinery. The relay protection device includes: a power input contact; the relay protection module comprises a bistable relay and an output contact, wherein the bistable relay comprises a contact, an attraction coil and a release coil, the input end of the contact, the input end of the attraction coil and the input end of the release coil are connected with the power input contact, and the output end of the contact is connected with the output contact; the central control unit comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port is connected with an output contact, the second port is connected with the output end of the pull-in coil, the third port is connected with the output end of the release coil, the first port receives the voltage from the output contact, and the second port and the third port alternately output ground to enable the contact to vibrate under the condition that the voltage of the output contact is smaller than a first threshold but not smaller than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is smaller than the standard working voltage of the bistable relay, and the second threshold is the minimum allowable working voltage of the bistable relay.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electrical control of engineering machinery, in particular to relay protection equipment and engineering machinery.
Background
With the development of technologies such as intellectualization and integrated manufacturing, the electrical control technology is rapidly developed. The electrical system is an important subsystem of the construction machine, and plays an important role in the performance of the construction machine.
Taking an excavator as an example, a power supply loop, a preheating loop and a starting loop are used as three basic load loops of an electrical system of the excavator, and the excavator has the characteristics of large working current and high load impact. The relay protection equipment is used for carrying out relay protection on the circuits so as to reduce faults and abnormal situations.
How to improve the reliability of the relay protection equipment and prolong the service life of the relay protection equipment is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a relay protection device and an engineering machine, so as to improve the reliability of the relay protection device, prolong the service life of the relay protection device and further improve the reliability of an electrical system of the engineering machine.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a relay protection device including:
a power input contact;
the relay protection module comprises a bistable relay and an output contact, wherein the bistable relay comprises a contact, an attraction coil and a release coil, the input end of the contact, the input end of the attraction coil and the input end of the release coil are connected with the power input contact, and the output end of the contact is connected with the output contact;
the central control unit comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected with an output contact, the second port is connected with the output end of the pull-in coil, and the third port is connected with the output end of the release coil, wherein:
the first port receives the voltage from the output contact, and under the condition that the voltage of the output contact is smaller than a first threshold value but not smaller than a second threshold value, the second port and the third port alternately output the ground to enable the contact to oscillate, wherein the first threshold value is smaller than the standard working voltage of the bistable relay, and the second threshold value is the minimum allowable working voltage of the bistable relay.
In some embodiments, when the voltage of the output contact is not less than the first threshold or the number of times of continuous oscillation of the contact is not less than the set number, the output end of the pull-in coil is powered on, so that the contact is closed.
In some embodiments, the central control unit further comprises a clock, and the first port receives the voltage from the output contact once every set period of time.
In some embodiments, the relay protection device further includes: the central control unit also comprises a fourth port connected with the fault indication unit;
when the voltage of the output joint is zero, the fault indication unit sends out first fault indication information;
when the voltage of the output contact is larger than zero and smaller than a second threshold value, the fault indicating unit sends out second fault indicating information.
In some embodiments, the fault indication unit comprises an indicator light or a buzzer.
In some embodiments, the relay protection module further includes a first storage capacitor, and the input terminal of the contact, the input terminal of the pull-in coil, and the input terminal of the release coil are further connected to the output terminal of the first storage capacitor.
In some embodiments, the relay protection module further comprises a fuse link connected in series with the bistable relay, an input end of the fuse link is connected to an output end of the contact, and an output end of the fuse link is connected to the output contact.
In some embodiments, the relay protection device further includes: the input end of the voltage stabilizer is used for connecting the power-on output end of the key switch;
the central control unit further comprises a power supply port, and the power supply port is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizer and the output end of the second storage capacitor.
In some embodiments, the voltage regulator is a low dropout linear regulator (LDO).
In some embodiments, the number of the relay protection modules is three, namely a power supply circuit relay protection module, a starting circuit relay protection module and a preheating circuit relay protection module;
the central control unit also comprises a fifth port for connecting the starting output end of the key switch and a sixth port for communicating with the vehicle-mounted controller;
when the central control unit receives a power-on signal from a power-on output end of the key switch, the power supply circuit relay protection module works;
when the central control unit receives a starting signal from a starting output end of the key switch in a power-on state, the starting loop relay protection module works;
when the central control unit receives a preheating starting signal from the vehicle-mounted controller in a power-on state, the preheating loop relay protection module works.
In some embodiments, the sixth port of the central control unit is adapted to be connected to an on-board controller of the work machine via a controller area network, CAN, bus.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the disclosure, an engineering machine is provided, which includes the relay protection device according to any one of the above technical solutions.
In some embodiments, the work machine comprises an excavator.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the relay protection module adopts the bistable relay, so that the energy-saving and power-saving effects are achieved, the coil heating amount is small, the oxidation phenomenon of the contact can be effectively improved, and the service life of the contact is prolonged. On the other hand, when the voltage of the output contact of the relay protection module is smaller than the first threshold and not smaller than the second threshold, the attraction coil and the release coil can be controlled to be alternately electrified, so that the contact generates vibration and is repeatedly knocked, foreign matter accumulation on the contact is effectively reduced, and the electric contact performance of the contact is improved. Therefore, by adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the disclosure, the reliability of the relay protection equipment can be effectively improved, the service life of the relay protection equipment is prolonged, and the reliability of an electrical system of the engineering machinery is further improved.
Other features of the present disclosure and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relay protection device of an excavator in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relay protection device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a relay protection control method according to some embodiments of the disclosure.
It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to scale. Further, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. The present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps set forth in these embodiments should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting unless otherwise specifically noted.
All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
As shown in fig. 1, a relay protection device 8 'applied to an excavator in the related art includes a power circuit relay protection module M1', a start circuit relay protection module M2 'and a preheating circuit relay protection module M3' that are arranged in parallel. Each group of relay protection modules comprises a fuse link (such as fuse links F1 ', F2 ' and F3 '), a relay (such as relays K1 ', K2 ' and K3 ') and an output joint (such as output joints J1 ', J2 ' and J3 '). The relay protection device 8 ' is applied to an electrical system of the excavator, and a system power supply 10 ', a power supply main switch S1 ', a fuse link, a contact of a relay and an output contact are sequentially connected.
The inventor notices in the process of implementing the embodiment of the present disclosure that in the above related art, when the relay is in a normal working state, the coil is always powered on, the heat productivity is large, and the contact is always in a pull-in state due to the power on of the coil, so the service life is shortened; in addition, three sets of relay protection modules are arranged in the electric box body, faults are not easy to perceive, and maintainability is general. These factors seriously affect the reliability of the relay protection equipment and, in turn, the reliability of the excavator electrical system.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a relay protection device, an engineering machine and a relay protection control method, so as to improve the reliability of the relay protection device, prolong the service life of the relay protection device and further improve the reliability of an electrical system of the engineering machine.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a relay protection device, which can be applied to various engineering machines requiring relay protection, and has similar beneficial effects. The specific type of the working machine is not limited, and may be, for example, an excavator, a road roller, a crane, and the like. Hereinafter, the description will be given taking an example in which the relay protection device is applied to an excavator.
As shown in fig. 2, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a relay protection device 8, which includes a power input junction J4, at least one relay protection module, and a central control unit 100. The relay protection module is, for example, a power supply circuit relay protection module M1, a starting circuit relay protection module M2, or a preheating circuit relay protection module M3 shown in the figure. The power input contact J4 is understood to be a terminal of the relay protection device 8 for connecting to an external system power supply.
The power supply circuit relay protection module M1 includes a bistable relay K1 and an output contact J1, the bistable relay K1 includes a contact H1, an attraction coil Q11 and a release coil Q12, the input end of the contact H1 (the input end of each device in fig. 2 is denoted by "1", and the output end is denoted by "2"), the input end of the attraction coil Q11 and the input end of the release coil Q12 are connected to the power supply input contact J4, and the output end of the contact H1 is connected to the output contact J1. The output contact J1 is a terminal for connecting the relay protection device 8 to an external power supply circuit.
Similarly, the starting circuit relay protection module M2 includes a bistable relay K2 and an output junction J2, the bistable relay K2 includes a contact H2, an attraction coil Q21 and a release coil Q22, an input end of the contact H2, an input end of the attraction coil Q21 and an input end of the release coil Q22 are connected with the power input junction J4, and an output end of the contact H2 is connected with the output junction J2. The output contact J2 is a terminal for the relay protection device 8 to connect to an external start-up circuit.
Similarly, the preheating circuit relay protection module M3 includes a bistable relay K3 and an output junction J3, the bistable relay K3 includes a contact H3, an attraction coil Q31 and a release coil Q32, an input end of the contact H3, an input end of the attraction coil Q31 and an input end of the release coil Q32 are connected with the power input junction J4, and an output end of the contact H3 is connected with the output junction J3. The output junction J3 is a terminal of the relay protection device 8 for connection to an external preheating circuit.
The central control unit 100 includes first ports D11, D21, D31, second ports D12, D22, D32, third ports D13, D23, D33, wherein the first port D11 is connected to the output junction J1 and receives a voltage from the output junction J1, the first port D21 is connected to the output junction J2 and receives a voltage from the output junction J2, the first port D31 is connected to the output junction J3 and receives a voltage from the output junction J3, the second port D12 is connected to the output end of the pull-in coil Q11, the second port D22 is connected to the output end of the pull-in coil Q21, the second port D32 is connected to the output end of the pull-in coil Q31, the third port D13 is connected to the output end of the release coil Q12, the third port D23 is connected to the output end of the release coil Q22, and the third port D33 is connected to the output end of the release coil Q32.
When the voltage of the output joint J1 is smaller than a first threshold value and not smaller than a second threshold value, the second port D12 and the third port D13 alternately output ground, the output end of the pull-in coil Q11 and the output end of the release coil Q12 are alternately electrified, so that the contact H1 generates oscillation, namely the contact H1 is frequently switched on and off;
when the voltage of the output joint J2 is smaller than a first threshold value and not smaller than a second threshold value, the second port D22 and the third port D23 alternately output ground, the output end of the pull-in coil Q21 and the output end of the release coil Q22 are alternately electrified, so that the contact H2 generates oscillation, namely the contact H2 is frequently switched on and off; and
when the voltage of the output joint J3 is smaller than a first threshold value and not smaller than a second threshold value, the second port D32 and the third port D33 alternately output ground, the output end of the pull-in coil Q31 and the output end of the release coil Q32 are alternately electrified, so that the contact H3 generates oscillation, namely the contact H3 is frequently switched on and off;
the first threshold value is smaller than the standard working voltage of the bistable relay, and the second threshold value is the minimum allowable working voltage of the bistable relay.
The standard operating voltage of the bistable relay, i.e. the ideal operating voltage of the bistable relay. When the voltage of the output contact is smaller than the first threshold value but not smaller than the second threshold value, the contact performance of the contact is reduced, but the bistable relay cannot work normally. The first threshold value can be determined by multiple tests according to the structure and the performance of the bistable relay and is a set value.
The excavator electrical system generally includes a system power supply 10, a main power switch S1, a key switch S2, an on-vehicle controller 20, and the like, in addition to the upper relay protection device 8. The key switch S2 comprises a power input end B, a power-on output end BR and a starting output end C, the power input end B of the key switch S2 is connected with a power master switch S1, and a fuse F2 can be arranged on a line between the power master switch S1 and the power input end B to perform overcurrent and short-circuit protection on the line. The central control unit 100 includes a power supply port D7, a fourth port D41 connected to the failure indicating unit a1, a fourth port D42 connected to the failure indicating unit a2, a fourth port D43 connected to the failure indicating unit A3, a fifth port D5 connected to the start output terminal C of the key switch S2, and sixth ports D61 and D62 connected to the vehicle-mounted controller 20, in addition to the first ports D11, D21, D31, the second ports D12, D22, D32, and the third ports D13, D23, and D33.
The power supply loop, the starting loop and the preheating loop are three basic load loops of an electrical system of the excavator. In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the relay protection device 8 is provided with a set of relay protection modules for the three basic load circuits, namely, the power supply circuit relay protection module M1, the starting circuit relay protection module M2, and the preheating circuit relay protection module M3. Each relay protection module is connected to a corresponding load circuit through an output contact (other parts of the load circuit are not shown in the figure).
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relay protection device 8 further includes a voltage regulator 9, and an input terminal of the voltage regulator 9 is connected to the power-on output terminal BR of the key switch S2. The power supply port D7 of the central control unit 100 is connected to the output of the voltage regulator 9. The voltage Regulator 9 is, for example, a Low Dropout Regulator (LDO), and has an input terminal supporting a wide voltage range, a maximum voltage of 42V, and an output terminal outputting a steady-state dc voltage, for example, outputting a dc voltage of 5V, so as to provide a stable operating voltage for the central control unit 100.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the relay protection module employs a bistable relay having two stable states. As shown in fig. 2, taking the bistable relay K1 as an example, when the output of the pull-in coil Q11 is grounded at a first time, the contact H1 changes from a normally open state to a normally closed state, and after the pull-in coil Q11 is powered off, the contact H1 can still maintain the normally closed state under the magnetic property of the polarized soft magnet; when ground is output to the release coil Q12 at a second time, the contact H1 changes from a normally closed state to a normally open state, and after the release coil Q12 is de-energized, the contact H1 can still maintain the normally open state under the magnetic properties of the polarized soft-magnetic body. The bistable relay does not need the coil to be electrified all the time to maintain the attraction state of the contact, so the bistable relay has the advantages of energy saving, electricity saving and small coil heat productivity.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the central control unit 100 controls the power circuit relay protection module M1 to operate when receiving a power-on signal from the power-on output BR of the key switch S2; when the power-on state receives a starting signal from a starting output end C of the key switch S2, the starting circuit relay protection module M2 is controlled to work; and when receiving the preheating starting signal from the vehicle-mounted controller 20 in the power-on state, controlling the preheating loop relay protection module M3 to work.
For example, after the power main switch S1 is closed, when an operator turns the key switch S2 to the power output terminal BR, the power output terminal BR gets power, and supplies power to the power port D7 of the central control unit 100 through the voltage stabilizer 9, and after the central control unit 100 receives a power-on signal, the central control unit outputs ground to the attraction coil Q11 of the bistable relay K1 in the power loop relay protection module M1, so that the contact H1 is changed from a normally open state to a normally closed state, and the power loop of the excavator is turned on. When the power supply loop is in a conducting state, when the voltage of the output joint J1 is detected to be smaller than a first threshold value and not smaller than a second threshold value, the contact property of the contact H1 in the power supply loop relay protection module M1 can be judged to be reduced, at the moment, the attraction coil Q11 and the release coil Q12 are controlled to be alternately electrified, for example, the attraction coil Q11 and the release coil Q12 are alternately output to be grounded, so that the contact H1 is oscillated and repeatedly knocked, foreign matters can be effectively reduced from accumulating on the contact H1, and the electric contact property of the contact H1 is improved.
For example, after the power circuit is turned on, when the operator turns the key switch S2 to the start output terminal C, the start output terminal C outputs a high-level start signal to the central control unit 100, and after the central control unit 100 receives the start signal from the start output terminal C, the central control unit outputs a ground to the attraction coil Q21 of the bistable relay K2 in the start circuit relay protection module M2, so that the contact H2 is changed from a normally open state to a normally closed state, and the start circuit of the excavator is turned on. When the voltage of the output joint J2 is smaller than the first threshold and not smaller than the second threshold, the starting circuit is in a conducting state, and the contact performance of the contact H2 in the starting circuit relay protection module M2 can be judged to be reduced, at the moment, the attraction coil Q21 and the release coil Q22 are controlled to be alternately electrified, for example, the attraction coil Q21 and the release coil Q22 are alternately output to be grounded, so that the contact H2 is oscillated and repeatedly knocked, foreign matters can be effectively reduced from accumulating on the contact H2, and the electrical contact performance of the contact H2 is improved.
For example, when the operator operates the preheating button of the console of the excavator after the power circuit is turned on, the onboard controller 20 outputs a preheating start signal to the central control unit 100, and after receiving the preheating start signal from the onboard controller 20, the central control unit 100 outputs ground to the attraction coil Q31 of the bistable relay K3 in the preheating circuit relay protection module M3, so that the contact H3 is changed from a normally open state to a normally closed state, and the preheating circuit of the excavator is turned on. When the voltage of the output joint J3 is smaller than the first threshold and not smaller than the second threshold when the preheating loop is in the on state, it may be determined that the contact of the contact H3 in the relay protection module M3 is reduced, and at this time, the pull-in coil Q31 and the release coil Q32 are controlled to be alternately powered on, for example, the pull-in coil Q31 and the release coil Q32 are alternately output to be grounded, so that the contact H3 is oscillated and repeatedly knocked, and accumulation of foreign matters on the contact H3 may be effectively reduced, thereby improving the electrical contact of the contact H3.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sixth ports D61, D62 of the central control unit 100 are connected with the on-board Controller 20 through a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. In some embodiments, the sixth port D61 is configured to report information to the onboard controller 20, and the sixth port D62 is configured to receive information sent by the onboard controller 20, so as to achieve mutual communication. The specific number of the sixth ports is not limited, and the sixth ports can be designed correspondingly according to requirements.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the contact structure in the relay protection module may be a copper busbar, which has good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, weldability and corrosion resistance.
It can be understood that, if the relay protection device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to other engineering machines, the number of relay protection modules may be adjusted accordingly as needed, and the specific structure of the electrical system may also be different.
In the related art, when a relay of the relay protection module is in a normal working state, a coil is always electrified, the heat productivity is large, and a contact is always in an attraction state due to the fact that the coil is electrified. The contact is easy to be oxidized and easy to accumulate foreign matters when large current passes through the contact for a long time, so that the reliability of the contact is influenced and the service life is shortened.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the relay protection module adopts a bistable relay, which does not need to maintain the attraction state of the contact by always electrifying the coil, has the advantages of energy saving, power saving and small coil heat productivity, can effectively improve the oxidation phenomenon of the contact, and prolongs the service life of the contact. On the other hand, in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the voltage of the output connection point is smaller than the first threshold and not smaller than the second threshold, it may be determined that the contact performance is reduced, and at this time, the attraction coil and the release coil are controlled to be alternately powered on, for example, the attraction coil and the release coil are alternately output to ground, so that the contact is oscillated, and the contact is repeatedly knocked, which may effectively reduce the accumulation of foreign matter on the contact, thereby improving the electrical contact performance of the contact. Therefore, by adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the disclosure, the reliability of the relay protection equipment can be effectively improved, the service life of the relay protection equipment is prolonged, and the reliability of an electrical system of the engineering machinery is further improved.
In addition, in this embodiment of the disclosure, relay protection equipment has adopted platformization and integrated design thinking, and each relay protection module and stabiliser etc. and central control unit integrated the setting, and the structure is compacter, and the appearance volume of equipment is smaller and more exquisite, and cost greatly reduced also.
In a further embodiment of the present disclosure, when the voltage of each output node is not less than the first threshold or the number of times of continuous oscillation of the contact is not less than the set number of times, the central control unit 100 controls the output end of the pull-in coil to be powered on, thereby triggering the contact to be closed. As described above, by oscillating the contact and repeatedly knocking, the electrical contact of the contact can be improved, the contact resistance can be reduced, and after a certain condition is met, the pull-in coil can be triggered to close the contact, and the normal working state of the bistable relay can be recovered. The above-described number of times of setting may be determined in combination with the performance of the bistable relay and experience, for example, the number of times of setting is set to 5 times.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the central control unit 100 comprises a clock, and the first port receives the voltage from the output contact once every set period of time, i.e. every set maintenance cycle, under the control of the central control unit 100.
The set time period can be determined through a plurality of tests in combination with the structure, the working performance, the rated service life and the like of the bistable relay, for example, in one embodiment, every 500 hours, the voltage of the output contact point is received, and self-checking of the contact performance and improvement of maintenance are carried out. By adopting the scheme of the embodiment, the normal closing use times of the contact can be ensured, the service life of the contact is prolonged, and the bistable relay is ensured to be in a normal working state in most time.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relay protection device 8 may further include a fault indication unit a1 provided for the power circuit relay protection module M1, a fault indication unit a2 provided for the starting circuit relay protection module M2, and a fault indication unit A3 provided for the preheating circuit relay protection module M3. The specific type of the fault indication unit is not limited, and is, for example, an indicator light or a buzzer. The central control unit 100 is connected to the failure indication unit a1 through the fourth port D41, the failure indication unit a2 through the fourth port D42, and the failure indication unit A3 through the fourth port D43. The central control unit 100 is also used for controlling the fault indication unit A1 to send out first fault indication information when the voltage of the output joint J1 is zero, and controlling the fault indication unit A1 to send out second fault indication information when the voltage of the output joint J1 is larger than zero and smaller than a second threshold value; when the voltage of the output joint J2 is zero, the control fault indication unit A2 sends out first fault indication information, and when the voltage of the output joint J2 is larger than zero and smaller than a second threshold value, the control fault indication unit A2 sends out second fault indication information; and controlling the fault indicating unit A3 to emit first fault indicating information when the voltage of the output junction J3 is zero, and controlling the fault indicating unit A3 to emit second fault indicating information when the voltage of the output junction J3 is greater than zero and less than a second threshold value.
Taking the power supply loop relay protection module M1 as an example, when the voltage at the output contact J1 is zero, it can be determined that the load loop is broken, and the fault indication unit a1 sends out first fault indication information, such as that an indicator lamp is turned on constantly or a buzzer sounds for a long time, so that the fault can be timely prompted to an operator. When the voltage of the output contact J1 is greater than zero and less than the second threshold, it can be determined that the contact resistance of the contact H1 is too large, which seriously affects the normal operation and relay protection of the load circuit, and the fault indication unit a1 sends out second fault indication information, such as indicator light flashing or intermittent buzzer, so that the fault can be timely prompted to an operator. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, automatic diagnosis and prompt of faults can be realized, and the intelligent degree of the relay protection equipment is improved.
In addition, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the central control unit 100 determines that an open-circuit fault or a fault with an excessive contact resistance occurs in a certain load circuit, the central control unit may also report a corresponding fault code to the on-board controller 20 through the sixth port D61, analyze and self-diagnose the fault by the on-board controller 20, and output a diagnosis result to an output device such as a display screen or an indicator light.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the comparison and determination between the output contact voltage and each threshold by the central control unit 100 may be implemented by a comparator.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the power circuit relay protection module M1 may further include a first storage capacitor C11 and a fuse link F11, an input terminal of the contact H1, an input terminal of the pull-in coil Q11, and an input terminal of the release coil Q12 are further connected to an output terminal of the first storage capacitor C11, the fuse link F11 is connected in series with the bistable relay K1, an input terminal of the fuse link F11 is connected to an output terminal of the contact H1, and an output terminal of the fuse link F11 is connected to the output contact J1. The starting circuit relay protection module M2 may further include a first storage capacitor C12 and a fuse link F12, the input end of the contact H2, the input end of the pull-in coil Q21 and the input end of the release coil Q22 are further connected to the output end of the first storage capacitor C12, the fuse link F12 is connected in series with the bistable relay K2, the input end of the fuse link F12 is connected to the output end of the contact H2, and the output end of the fuse link F12 is connected to the output contact J2. The preheating circuit relay protection module M3 may further include a first storage capacitor C13 and a fuse link F13, the input end of the contact H3, the input end of the pull-in coil Q31 and the input end of the release coil Q32 are further connected to the output end of the first storage capacitor C13, the fuse link F13 is connected in series with the bistable relay K3, the input end of the fuse link F13 is connected to the output end of the contact H3, and the output end of the fuse link F13 is connected to the output contact J3.
The fuse link is used as a protection device, can perform short circuit and overcurrent protection on a load loop, and prevents the device from being burnt. The first storage capacitor can supply power to the releasing coil under the condition that the power supply to the bistable relay is abnormally cut off, for example, when a main power switch of a system is abnormally cut off, so that the releasing coil can be normally released.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relay protection device 8 further includes a second storage capacitor C2, and the power port D7 of the central control unit 100 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator 9 and the output terminal of the second storage capacitor C2. The second storage capacitor C2 can continue to supply power to the central control unit 100 after the power-on output terminal BR of the key switch is powered off, which can ensure that the release coil of the bistable relay can be normally released, prevent the system from generating static power consumption due to leakage current, and can also realize the delay control of the vehicle-mounted controller 20 on the central control unit 100.
In conclusion, the relay protection device disclosed in the above embodiment of the present disclosure not only has better reliability of performing relay protection on the load circuit, but also has longer service life, higher integration degree and intelligence degree, and can effectively improve the reliability and intelligence degree of the electrical system of the engineering machinery.
Some embodiments of the disclosure further provide an engineering machine including the relay protection device of any one of the embodiments. Specific types of construction machines include, but are not limited to, excavators, and the reliability and the degree of intelligence of electrical systems of the construction machines are effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 3, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a relay protection control method, which is applied to the relay protection device described above, and the method includes the following steps S101 to S102.
Step S101: acquiring the voltage of an output contact of a relay protection module;
step S102: when the voltage of the output contact of the relay protection module is smaller than a first threshold value and not smaller than a second threshold value, controlling an attraction coil and a release coil of the relay protection module to be alternately electrified so as to enable a contact of the relay protection module to vibrate;
the first threshold value is smaller than the standard working voltage of the bistable relay, and the second threshold value is the minimum allowable working voltage of the bistable relay.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relay protection control method further includes the following steps:
and when the voltage of the output contact of the relay protection module is not less than a first threshold value or the continuous oscillation frequency of the contact of the relay protection module is not less than a set frequency, triggering an attraction coil of the relay protection module to close the contact.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, obtaining the voltage of the output node of the relay protection module includes:
and acquiring the voltage of the output contact of the relay protection module once every set time period.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the relay protection control method further includes the following steps:
when the voltage of an output contact of the relay protection module is zero, sending first fault indication information;
and when the voltage of the output contact of the relay protection module is greater than zero and less than a second threshold value, sending out second fault indication information.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the disclosure, when the voltage of the output contact is less than the first threshold and not less than the second threshold, it can be determined that the contact performance is reduced, and at this time, the attraction coil and the release coil are controlled to be alternately powered on, for example, the attraction coil and the release coil are alternately output and grounded, so that the contact is vibrated, the contact is repeatedly knocked, accumulation of foreign matters on the contact can be effectively reduced, and the electrical contact performance of the contact is improved. The contact is vibrated and repeatedly knocked, so that the electric contact property of the contact can be improved, the contact resistance is reduced, and after a certain condition is met, the attraction coil can be triggered to close the contact, and the normal working state of the bistable relay is recovered. When a certain load loop has an open circuit fault or a fault that contact resistance of a contact is too large, the sent first fault indication information or second fault information can prompt an operator to intervene in time, automatic diagnosis and prompt of the fault can be realized, and the intelligent degree is high. Therefore, by adopting the relay protection control method of the embodiment of the disclosure, the reliability of the relay protection equipment can be effectively improved, the service life of the relay protection equipment is prolonged, and the reliability of an electrical system of the engineering machinery is further improved.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. It will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description how to practice the presently disclosed embodiments.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the above embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A relay protection device, comprising:
a power input contact;
the relay protection module comprises a bistable relay and an output contact, wherein the bistable relay comprises a contact, an attraction coil and a release coil, the input end of the contact, the input end of the attraction coil and the input end of the release coil are connected with the power input contact, and the output end of the contact is connected with the output contact;
the central control unit comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected with an output contact, the second port is connected with the output end of the pull-in coil, and the third port is connected with the output end of the release coil, wherein:
the first port receives the voltage from the output contact, and under the condition that the voltage of the output contact is smaller than a first threshold value but not smaller than a second threshold value, the second port and the third port alternately output the ground to enable the contact to oscillate, wherein the first threshold value is smaller than the standard working voltage of the bistable relay, and the second threshold value is the minimum allowable working voltage of the bistable relay.
2. The relay protection device according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage at the output terminal is not less than the first threshold or the number of times of continuous oscillation of the contact is not less than a predetermined number, the output terminal of the pull-in coil is energized to close the contact.
3. The relay protection device according to claim 2, wherein: the central control unit also includes a clock, and the first port receives the voltage from the output node once every set period of time.
4. The relay protection device according to claim 2, further comprising: the central control unit also comprises a fourth port connected with the fault indication unit;
when the voltage of the output joint is zero, the fault indication unit sends out first fault indication information;
when the voltage of the output contact is larger than zero and smaller than a second threshold value, the fault indicating unit sends out second fault indicating information.
5. The relay protection device according to claim 4, wherein the fault indication unit includes an indicator lamp or a buzzer.
6. The relay protection device according to claim 1, wherein the relay protection module further comprises a first storage capacitor, and the input terminal of the contact, the input terminal of the pull-in coil, and the input terminal of the release coil are further connected to the output terminal of the first storage capacitor.
7. The relay protection device according to claim 6, wherein the relay protection module further comprises a fuse link connected in series with the bistable relay, an input terminal of the fuse link being connected to an output terminal of the contact, and an output terminal of the fuse link being connected to the output contact.
8. The relay protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: the input end of the voltage stabilizer is used for connecting the power-on output end of the key switch;
the central control unit further comprises a power supply port, and the power supply port is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizer and the output end of the second storage capacitor.
9. The relay protection device according to claim 8, wherein the voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator (LDO).
10. The relay protection device according to claim 8,
the relay protection modules are three groups, namely a power supply circuit relay protection module, a starting circuit relay protection module and a preheating circuit relay protection module;
the central control unit also comprises a fifth port for connecting the starting output end of the key switch and a sixth port for communicating with the vehicle-mounted controller;
when the central control unit receives a power-on signal from a power-on output end of the key switch, the power supply circuit relay protection module works;
when the central control unit receives a starting signal from a starting output end of the key switch in a power-on state, the starting loop relay protection module works;
when the central control unit receives a preheating starting signal from the vehicle-mounted controller in a power-on state, the preheating loop relay protection module works.
11. Relay protection device according to claim 10, wherein the sixth port of the central control unit is adapted to be connected to the on-board controller via a controller area network, CAN, bus.
12. A construction machine comprising a relay protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The work machine of claim 12, wherein the work machine comprises an excavator.
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| CN112509864A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-16 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | Relay control method and control structure thereof |
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| CN112509864A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-16 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | Relay control method and control structure thereof |
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