CN211227036U - Fuel injection system for pyrolysis gasifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a fuel injection system for pyrolysis gasifier includes: the fuel nozzle obliquely extends into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top; the air inlet end of the first fan is connected with the air outlet through an air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end of the first fan is connected with the fuel nozzle through an air outlet pipe; a first valve and a second valve installed on the intake pipe; the branch pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the joint of the branch pipe and the air inlet pipe is positioned between the first valve and the second valve; a third valve installed on the branch pipe; and the fuel source is connected with the air inlet pipe or the air outlet pipe. The fuel of the device is sprayed into a cracking furnace for combustion through a first fan and a nozzle together with generated combustible gas, and a large amount of heat is generated for the cracking gasification process; the nozzles are obliquely sprayed into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top, a certain crossing angle can be formed between the nozzles and air blown into the furnace grate, the contact chance of fuel, combustible gas and air is increased, the material is more fully combusted, the heat discretionary rate of furnace slag is lower, and the cracking gasification furnace can be better suitable for garbage with higher water content.

Description

Fuel injection system for pyrolysis gasifier

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a refuse treatment field, concretely relates to fuel injection system for pyrolysis gasifier.

Background

Among the prior art, handle rubbish through the pyrolysis gasifier, among the refuse disposal process, only adopt the material after the mechanical separation to get into the pyrolysis gasifier, the moisture content of rubbish is higher, and traditional pyrolysis gasifier can not be fine to this kind of rubbish that humidity is higher handles.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above problems, the present invention provides a fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier having a grate in a lower portion and at least one gas outlet in an upper portion, the fuel injection system comprising:

the fuel nozzle obliquely extends into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top and is used for injecting mixed gas to the grate region;

the air inlet end of the first fan is connected with one or more air outlets through an air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end of the first fan is connected with the fuel nozzle through an air outlet pipe;

first and second valves mounted on the intake pipe;

the branch pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, the joint of the branch pipe and the air inlet pipe is positioned between the first valve and the second valve, and the branch pipe is used for introducing odor or external air into the air inlet pipe;

a third valve mounted on the branch pipe;

and the fuel source is connected with the air inlet pipe or the air outlet pipe and is used for providing fuel.

The material described in the present application refers to waste. In practice, the fuel of the fuel source is preferably a high calorific value fuel. This application can be better supplementary completion schizolysis gasification process through setting up fuel injection system. The gas outlets of the cracking gasification furnace are used for discharging cracked and gasified combustible gas, the combustible gas enters the first fan through the first valve and the second valve, the proportion of the combustible gas and odor/air entering the first fan can be controlled through the first valve and the third valve, and the flow of the whole combustible gas entering the fuel nozzle can be realized by controlling the first fan through frequency conversion. The fuel with high calorific value passes through the first fan and is sprayed into the cracking furnace together with the generated combustible gas through the nozzle for combustion, and a large amount of heat is generated for the cracking gasification process. The nozzle is obliquely sprayed into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top, a certain intersection angle can be formed between the nozzle and air blown into the furnace grate, the contact chance of fuel, combustible gas and air is increased, the material is more fully combusted, the heat proper reduction rate of furnace slag is lower, and the nozzle can be better suitable for garbage with higher water content.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the nozzle head of the fuel nozzle is gradually reduced toward the end.

The cross section of the nozzle head of the fuel nozzle is reduced, and the injection speed of the fuel can be increased.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the fuel nozzles are uniformly distributed around the pyrolysis gasifier.

The arrangement can realize more uniform material spraying and more sufficient combustion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, there are two gas outlets, one of the gas outlets is connected to the gas inlet pipe, and the other gas outlet is used for being connected to an external purification or resource utilization system.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first fan is a variable frequency fan.

The utility model has the advantages that: this application can be better supplementary completion schizolysis gasification process through setting up fuel injection system. The gas outlets of the cracking gasification furnace are used for discharging cracked and gasified combustible gas, the combustible gas enters the first fan through the first valve and the second valve, the proportion of the combustible gas and odor/air entering the first fan can be controlled through the first valve and the third valve, and the flow of the whole combustible gas entering the fuel nozzle can be realized by controlling the first fan through frequency conversion. The fuel with high calorific value passes through the first fan and is sprayed into the cracking furnace together with the generated combustible gas through the nozzle for combustion, and a large amount of heat is generated for the cracking gasification process. The nozzle is obliquely sprayed into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top, a certain intersection angle can be formed between the nozzle and air blown into the furnace grate, the contact chance of fuel, combustible gas and air is increased, the material is more fully combusted, the heat proper reduction rate of furnace slag is lower, and the nozzle can be better suitable for garbage with higher water content.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pyrolysis gasification plant for disposing of waste;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis gasifier;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first catch, a second catch and a rolling member;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a blower system;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the drive mechanism and ratchet wheel;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the drive mechanism and ratchet.

The figures are numbered:

1. a feeding grab bucket; 2. a feed hopper; 3. a screw feeder; 4. a pyrolysis gasifier; 5. a slag conveying mechanism; 6. a fuel injection system; 7. a blower system; 8. an air outlet; 9. a grate; 10. a first fan; 11. an air inlet pipe; 12. an air outlet pipe; 13. a first valve; 14. a second valve; 15. a branch pipe; 16. a third valve; 17. a fuel nozzle; 18. a fuel source; 19. a ash discharging receiving hopper; 20. a furnace body; 21. an inner wall; 22. an outer wall; 23. a circulating cooling water jacket; 24. a cavity; 25. a drive structure; 26. material blocking; 27. an ash tray; 28. a dust removing knife; 29. an ash outlet; 30. a bottom support; 31. a first blocking gear; 32. a second blocking gear; 33. a rolling member; 34. closing the plate; 35. a housing; 36. sealing the cover; 37. a hole; 38. an air inlet; 39. an air inlet cavity; 40. reinforcing ribs; 41. a furnace bottom support; 42. a furnace bottom air duct; 43. a connecting pipe; 44. an air duct; 45. an air valve; 46. a check valve; 47. a second fan; 48. a ratchet wheel; 49. a mounting seat; 50. a rotating shaft; 51. a telescopic element; 52. a push rod; 53. a mating shaft; 54. a directional guide rail; 55. a guide bar; 56. a base; 57. fixing a bracket; 58. and (4) tower edge.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, a pyrolysis gasification apparatus for disposing garbage includes:

the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 is used for carrying out pyrolysis gasification on the materials to form solid slag and gaseous combustible gas, the lower part of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 is provided with a furnace grate 9, and the upper part of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is provided with at least one gas outlet 8;

the spiral feeding device 3 is arranged above the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 and is used for conveying materials to the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4;

the feed hopper 2 is arranged above the spiral feeding device 3 and used for buffering materials and enabling the materials to enter the spiral feeding device 3;

a blower system 7 for supplying oxygen to the pyrolysis gasifier 4;

a slag conveying mechanism 5 for receiving slag from the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4;

a fuel injection system 6 for injecting fuel into the pyrolysis gasifier 4;

the fuel injection system 6 includes:

the fuel nozzle 17 obliquely extends into the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 from bottom to top and is used for spraying mixed gas to the area of the furnace grate 9;

the air inlet end of the first fan 10 is connected with one or more air outlets 8 through an air inlet pipe 11, and the air outlet end of the first fan 10 is connected with a fuel nozzle 17 through an air outlet pipe 12;

a first valve 13 and a second valve 14 mounted on the intake pipe 11;

a branch pipe 15 connected to the intake pipe 11, a junction of the branch pipe 15 and the intake pipe 11 being located between the first valve 13 and the second valve 14, the branch pipe 15 for introducing odor or outside air into the intake pipe 11;

a third valve 16 mounted on the branch pipe 15;

and a fuel source 18 connected to the inlet pipe 11 or the outlet pipe 12 for supplying fuel.

In actual use, the fuel of fuel source 18 is preferably a high calorific value fuel. The whole cracking gasification process can be well assisted by arranging the fuel injection system 6. The cracking gasification furnace 4 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 8, the air outlets 8 are used for discharging cracked and gasified combustible gas, the combustible gas enters the first fan 10 through the first valve 13 and the second valve 14, the ratio of the combustible gas and odor/air entering the first fan 10 can be controlled through the first valve 13 and the third valve 16, and the whole flow entering the fuel nozzle 17 can be realized through controlling the first fan 10 through frequency conversion. The fuel with high calorific value passes through the first fan 10 and is sprayed into the cracking furnace together with the generated combustible gas through the nozzle for combustion, and a large amount of heat is generated for the cracking gasification process. The nozzles are obliquely sprayed into the cracking gasification furnace 4 from bottom to top, a certain intersection angle can be formed between the nozzles and air blown into the furnace grate 9, the contact chance of fuel, combustible gas and air is increased, the material is more fully combusted, the heat proper reduction rate of furnace slag is lower, and the cracking gasification furnace can be better suitable for garbage with higher water content.

During actual use, a part of the gas outlets 8 can also be butted with an external purification or resource utilization system to recycle the combustible gas.

The material of this application means exactly rubbish. During the actual application, pyrolysis gasification equipment still includes feeding grab 1, and the material adopts feeding grab 1 to transport to feeder hopper 2, and feeding grab 1 prefers hydraulic grab hoist. The effect of feeder hopper 2 of this application is mainly to be done the material buffer memory, plays airtight effect through piling up of material simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the pyrolysis gasifier 4 further includes:

a base 56;

the furnace body 20 is fixed on the base 56, the furnace body 20 comprises an inner wall 21 and an outer wall 22, and a circulating cooling water jacket 23 is arranged between the inner wall 21 and the outer wall 22 and used for protecting the inner wall 21;

the ash tray 27 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 20 and can rotate relative to the furnace body 20, the grate 9 is positioned at the lower part of the furnace body 20 and is fixed with the ash tray 27, a ring of material baffles 26 are arranged at the lower part or the periphery of the bottom of the grate 9, slag falling from the grate 9 falls into the ash tray 27, an ash outlet 29 is arranged at the top of the ash tray 27, the slag conveying mechanism 5 comprises an ash outlet receiving hopper 19, and the ash outlet receiving hopper 19 is in butt joint with the ash outlet 29;

the ash sweeping knife 28 is fixed with the furnace body 20, the ash sweeping knife 28 is positioned between the ash tray 27 and the grate 9, and one side of the ash sweeping knife 28 is adjacent to the inner side wall of the ash tray 27;

and the driving structure 25 is used for driving the ash disc 27 to rotate.

In practical use, the furnace body 20 can be reliably fixed on the base 56 through the bracket; the number of the dust removing blades 28 is at least 1, and the dust removing blades 28 are preferably detachably arranged.

The grate 9 is the main bearing support for the material and the main position for firing, and the material block 26 is mainly used for supporting the material and preventing the material from flowing into the ash tray 27 from the gap between the material block 26 and the inner wall 21.

The ash pan 27 serves to contain cooling water and to receive slag. When the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 works, the ash tray 27 and the grate 9 can be driven to rotate together through the driving structure 25, so that material mixing and material refining are facilitated, the materials are combusted at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 to form slag, the slag flows into the ash tray 27 from a gap between the material baffle 26 and the inner wall 21, the ash sweeping knife 28 rotates relative to the ash tray 27 and the grate 9, and therefore, under the ash sweeping effect of the ash sweeping knife 28, along with the increase of the ash amount, the slag is firstly cooled by cooling water of the ash tray 27 and then swept out from the ash tray 27 through the ash knife, the slag is swept out from the ash outlet 29 and falls into the ash discharge receiving hopper 19, and then the whole ash discharge, cooling and ash discharge processes are completed. In practice, the ash tray 27 is preferably inverted cone shaped and then cylindrical.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the ash tray 27 is used for loading cooling water, and the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 further includes an automatic water discharging and replenishing structure for positioning the cooling water between a plane a and a plane B, where the plane a is a bottom plane of the ash tray 27 and the plane B is a lowest plane of the ash outlet 29.

As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a bottom support 30 is disposed at the bottom of the ash tray 27, the bottom support 30 is provided with an annular first stopper 31, the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 further includes a rolling member 33 and an annular second stopper 32 fixed to the base 56, the first stopper 31 and the second stopper 32 have the same axis, the second stopper 32 is located outside the first stopper 31, the rolling members 33 are plural, and are installed in an annular space formed by the first stopper 31 and the second stopper 32, and the bottom support 30 is in contact fit with the rolling member 33.

The ash tray 27 and the grate 9 of the traditional cracking gasification furnace 4 are arranged in the furnace through a shaft and a bearing, the temperature in the furnace is high, the deformation of the shaft or the damage of the bearing can be easily caused, and the damage of the whole ash discharging system can be caused. In addition, the diameter of the whole cracking furnace is large, the requirements on the shaft and the bearing are high by adopting a whole shaft rotating mode, the damage is easy to cause in the using process, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high. In the present application, the grate 9, the ash tray 27 and the bottom support 30 are an integral C and are located on the rolling members 33, the second stopper 32 is located outside the first stopper 31, and the integral C is limited by the second stopper 32, so that the integral C can reliably perform a rotational motion. The whole grate 9 and the ash tray 27 rotate without a shaft and a bearing, so that the maintenance difficulty and the manufacturing cost are greatly reduced, the structure is simple and reliable, and the practicability is good.

In practice, the rolling member 33 is in the shape of a sphere, or a sphere-like shape.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the driving structure 25 includes a ratchet 48 and at least one driving mechanism, the ratchet 48 is disposed on the outer periphery of the ash tray 27 or the bottom support 30, and the driving mechanism includes:

the telescopic element 51 is rotatably arranged outside the ratchet wheel 48, the telescopic element 51 comprises a telescopic push rod 52, and one end of the push rod 52 is used for being matched with teeth of the ratchet wheel 48 when being extended out to push the ratchet wheel 48 to rotate;

a directional guide 54 fixed opposite to the base 56;

and the guide rod 55 is slidably arranged on the directional guide rail 54, one end of the guide rod 55 close to the ratchet wheel 48 is hinged with the push rod 52, and the guide rod 55 is used for changing the angle of the push rod 52 when the push rod 52 extends and retracts.

The telescopic element 51 pushes the push rod 52 to move, the push rod 52 is in contact with the ratchet wheel 48 and pushes the whole ratchet wheel 48 to rotate under the guiding action of the guide rod 55, after the position of the telescopic element 51 reaches a designated position, the ratchet wheel 48 just pushes one tooth, at the moment, the telescopic element 51 is controlled to gradually retract the push rod 52, at the moment, under the action of the guide rod 55, the push rod 52 does not only do linear retraction motion, and under the action of the guide rod 55 and the directional guide rail 54, the push rod 52 can also rotate at a certain angle at the same time, and therefore the push rod 52 can be rapidly withdrawn from a clamping groove of the ratchet wheel 48. Similarly, the telescopic element 51 can rotate under the action of the guide rod 55 while the push rod 52 moves linearly, so that the linear movement length of the push rod 52 can be controlled, the rotation angle of the push rod can be indirectly controlled, the push rod 52 can be further contacted with the next tooth, and the tooth is further pushed to complete the rotation action.

In practice, the driving mechanism preferably comprises 2 groups, and the two sides of the ratchet wheel 48 are symmetrically distributed. When the two driving mechanisms are symmetrically arranged and used simultaneously, the stress can play a balance role, and further the whole grate 9 is pushed to rotate.

As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the driving mechanism further includes a mounting seat 49 fixed relative to the base 56, and the telescopic element 51 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 49 through the rotating shaft 50; the end of the push rod 52 that engages the ratchet 48 is rotatably mounted with an engagement shaft 53.

By rotating the mounted mating shaft 53, friction can be reduced and the ratchet 48 can be better pushed to rotate.

In the present embodiment, the telescopic element 51 is an electric push rod 52, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

In this embodiment, the ash tray 27 and the drive structure 25 form an ash tray rotating assembly.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the bottom of the grate 9 is provided with an air inlet 38, and the blower system 7 is butted with the air inlet 38; the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4 is provided with a plurality of cavities 24 from top to bottom, each cavity 24 is of a structure with a large top and a small bottom, the grate 9 is positioned in the cavity 24 at the lowest part, and the air outlet 8 is positioned at the cavity 24 at the highest part; the fuel nozzles 17 are arranged at the lowest cavity 24, the cross section of the nozzle of the fuel nozzles 17 is gradually reduced towards the end, and a plurality of fuel nozzles 17 are uniformly distributed around the pyrolysis gasifier 4.

The material processing tank furnace body 20 enters from the top and sequentially passes through the plurality of cavities 24 and then falls into the furnace grate 9, and each cavity 24 has a structure with a large upper part and a small lower part so as to further realize the blanking process. The cross section of the fuel nozzle 17 at the nozzle head is reduced, and the fuel injection speed can be increased.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the grate 9 includes a sealing plate 34, a fixing support 57, a housing 35, and a sealing cover 36, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the sealing plate 34, the fixing support 57, the housing 35, and the sealing cover 36 enclose an air inlet cavity 39, a lower end of the sealing plate 34 is an air inlet 38, the housing 35 is a tower-shaped structure, the housing 35 includes a plurality of conical tower edges 58, a side wall of the housing 35 has a hole 37, and the hole 37 is between two adjacent tower edges 58.

In practice, the cover 36 may be provided, preferably detachably, and the housing 35 is preferably a casting. Casing 35 is the turriform structure, and the primary function is the support and the sediment that falls of material, and the hole setting can effectually prevent that the slag from dropping through the hole between two adjacent tower limits.

In practical use, the sealing plate 34 is of an inverted cone structure, and the outer side of the sealing plate 34 can be provided with the reinforcing ribs 40.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, a tapered connecting pipe 43 is connected to the lower end of the sealing plate 34 through a flange, the connecting pipe 43 has a large top and a small bottom, and the blower system 7 includes:

the furnace bottom bracket 41 is arranged below the grate 9, a furnace bottom air channel 42 is arranged on the furnace bottom bracket 41, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 43 extends into the furnace bottom air channel 42;

an air duct 44 communicated with the furnace bottom air duct 42;

a check valve 46 installed on the air duct 44 for preventing reverse flow of gas;

an air valve 45 mounted on the air pipe 44;

and a second fan 47 installed on the duct 44.

The blowing system 7 mainly provides a proper amount of air for garbage combustion in the lowermost cavity 24, the second fan 47 preferably performs frequency conversion to control the whole air flow, the air valve 45 assists in adjusting the air flow, the check valve 46 mainly prevents high-temperature gas from flowing backwards in case of failure, the grate 9 and the connecting pipe 43 rotate together in work, and flexible connection can be realized through the matching of the conical connecting pipe 43 and the furnace bottom air duct 42. So far, the air blowing system 7 can smoothly blow air into the pyrolysis gasification furnace 4, and due to the existence of air blowing, the holes 37 in the shell 35 are arranged between the two adjacent tower edges 58, so that the slag can be effectively prevented from entering the air channel.

The equipment of the application, whole schizolysis gasification process, the process of slagging tap, combustible gas utilization process, the process of giving vent to anger are smooth, can greatly solve the difficult point in the present rubbish schizolysis process. The utility model discloses except blower system 7, whole schizolysis environment is totally closed structure, and the ash discharge system also adopts the water seal. Therefore, the whole cracking system can accurately control the air inlet amount through the air blowing system 7, thereby being more beneficial to effectively controlling the whole cracking gasification process.

The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not therefore the limit the patent protection scope of the present invention, all applications the equivalent structure transformation made by the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention is directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and all the same principles are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier having a grate at a lower portion thereof and at least one gas outlet at an upper portion thereof, the fuel injection system comprising:

the fuel nozzle obliquely extends into the cracking gasification furnace from bottom to top and is used for injecting mixed gas to the grate region;

the air inlet end of the first fan is connected with one or more air outlets through an air inlet pipe, and the air outlet end of the first fan is connected with the fuel nozzle through an air outlet pipe;

first and second valves mounted on the intake pipe;

the branch pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe, the joint of the branch pipe and the air inlet pipe is positioned between the first valve and the second valve, and the branch pipe is used for introducing odor or external air into the air inlet pipe;

a third valve mounted on the branch pipe;

and the fuel source is connected with the air inlet pipe or the air outlet pipe and is used for providing fuel.

2. The fuel injection system for a pyrolysis-gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein a cross section at a nozzle tip of the fuel nozzle is gradually reduced toward an end portion.

3. The fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier of claim 1, wherein the fuel injection nozzles are plural and evenly distributed around the circumference of the pyrolysis gasifier.

4. The fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier of claim 1, wherein there are two outlets, one of the outlets is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the other outlet is used for interfacing with an external purification or resource utilization system.

5. The fuel injection system for a pyrolysis gasifier of claim 1, wherein the first fan is a variable frequency fan.

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