Ground power supply device for electric vehicle
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric vehicle power supply technical field, concretely relates to electric vehicle ground power supply unit.
Background
The ground power supply technology for electric vehicles is gaining favor of urban constructors due to the advantages of canceling overhead network cables, facilitating safe access, being beneficial to urban landscape and the like. In the prior art, one way of such ground power supply technology is to use a contact switch circuit module to continuously supply power to the vehicle in sections. When the vehicle approaches, the conductor element of the module is disconnected from the ground potential by means of the action of a magnetic pickup device on the vehicle, and the positive feeder is connected with the conductor element of the module; when the vehicle moves away, the magnetic pickup device on the vehicle is lost, the feeder is disconnected from the conductor element of the module, and the conductor element of the module is restored to the ground potential. This approach has the following problems:
1) faults are more, and short circuit often occurs;
2) the power supply module is directly connected to a power supply system, and fault diagnosis in the system does not have a function of isolating faults of the power supply module.
3) When the module breaks down, the adhesion of the anode contact can occur, so that the module is positively charged, and the personal safety of a crisis is ensured.
4) When no vehicle is in operation, a safe negative pole loop is adopted to lead the surface of the module to be grounded. Because the safe cathode circuit has many bolted connections, when the bolt corrosion or not hard up, can appear that the safe cathode circuit opens a way, cause the protection inefficacy.
20181273501.1 discloses another ground power supply method. In this way, the ground power supply module comprises a road section control cabinet arranged at the starting end of the power supply road surface and a group of road surface power supply assembly which is sequentially embedded on the power supply road surface, bistable change-over switches are arranged at two ends of the road surface power supply assembly, the road section control cabinet is connected with the bistable change-over switches through cables, the power taking module of the electric vehicle comprises a trolley line power taking device arranged at the bottom of the electric vehicle, and the trolley line power taking device is in contact with two front and back adjacent road surface power supply assemblies to form a circuit loop. Although this may deliver power to the electric vehicle. However, if the change-over switch fails, the corresponding road power supply assembly is in a constantly charged state, which causes a potential safety hazard and cannot be timely eliminated. In addition, the cable butt joint connection mode between the road surface power supply assemblies is easy to generate open circuit faults, and the whole line power supply is influenced.
Based on this, the prior art still remains to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an electric vehicle ground power supply unit of safe and reliable, low in cost.
The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: an electric vehicle ground power supply device, adjacent power supply rail GDG mutually insulated and connected constitute power supply rail line, for each section power supply rail GDG, set up:
a power switch circuit DYKG connected between the positive pole of the power supply and the power supply rail GDG;
a safe grounding switch circuit AQJD connected between the power supply rail GDG and the safe cathode;
and the controller CONTRL receives the electric signals of the vehicle approach signal PSR and the power supply rail GDG and controls the on-off of the power switch circuit DYKG and the safe grounding switch circuit AQJD.
Through setting up switch circuit DYKG, safe earthing switch circuit AQJD, and controller CONTRL, realized adopting contactless electronic switch to draw the power to supply rail GDG surface, introduce safe negative pole safe earthing switch circuit AQJD, the power supply safety problem has been solved, realize that the power supply rail module only exports fast in near certain distance of vehicle current collector, make the continuous current collection of vehicle current collector, the power supply rail module automatic shutdown power of other positions and guarantee safe ground connection.
Further, the length of the power supply rail GDG is smaller than the distance from the current collector to the near end of the vehicle. The length design of the power supply module considers the distance between the vehicle current collector and the vehicle end, and when the silicon controlled rectifier and the IGBT circuit are output to the third rail current receiving surface to receive current for the vehicle, the power supply area is always within the vehicle coverage range.
Further, the length of each section of power supply rail GDG is not more than the distance between the current collector and any end part of the vehicle.
Further, the power switch circuit DYKG realizes two-stage control through a power switch element IGBT1 and a thyristor SD 1.
Furthermore, the power switch circuit dykgg is composed of a power switch element IGBT1 and a thyristor SD1, an output end of the power switch element IGBT1 is connected to an anode of the thyristor SD1, a cathode of the thyristor SD1 is connected to a power supply rail GDG, an anode of a diode D1 is connected to a cathode of a thyristor SD1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a cathode and a safety cathode of a diode D1, resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series between an anode of the thyristor SD1 and a power supply cathode, a series midpoint of the resistors R1 and R2 is connected to a cathode of the diode D1 through a resistor R3, the resistor R4 is connected in parallel with the diode D1, and a detection resistor R is arranged between a current collector and a power supply cathode of the vehicle0。
Further, in the power switch circuit DYKG, an inductor L is connected in series to an input terminal of the power switch element IGBT 1.
Further, the safety ground switch circuit AQJD is composed of a power switch element IGBT2 and a contactor switch ES connected in parallel between the power supply rail GDG and the power supply negative electrode, and a fuse FU is provided between the power supply positive electrode and the power switch circuit DYKG.
The power supply device realizes rapid power supply to the vehicle and safety protection after the vehicle leaves by controlling the conduction and the closing of the controlled silicon SD1, thereby ensuring that the power supply rail is in a safe grounding state when no vehicle runs. The circuit adopts a key component capacitor C1, and a control system realizes process control according to the change of the voltage of the capacitor C1.
Comprehensively considers the aspects of reliability, cost, service life, maintenance and the like of the systemThe maximum safe power supply is realized, the power supply safety under the normal condition is ensured, and the power supply safety under the fault state and the extreme condition is also ensured. Particularly, the safety of power supply is realized through the control of the controlled silicon. Meanwhile, after the IGBT2 is conducted, the output voltage of the output end of the power supply module is 0V. (normally, the IGBT1 is off and the IGBT2 is on.) the computer system actively detects the state of the IGBTs 1, 2 and the output side voltage U0And current i0And the IGBT and the controllable silicon are logically controlled to ensure the normal work of the system and ensure that the output voltage is 0. Under abnormal conditions, the IGBT1 is conducted in a fault mode, the IGBT2 is closed, when the silicon controlled rectifier is closed, the 750VDC power supply charges the capacitor C1 through the resistors R1 and R3(10k omega), and current is limited through the series resistor R4 of the capacitor C1, so that the voltage value of the output side can be guaranteed to be within 36V of the human body safety voltage. Under extreme conditions, the IGBT1 is conducted, the IGBT2 is closed, the silicon controlled rectifier SD1 is conducted, no vehicle runs at the moment, the output voltage is 750VDC, and the current i0The output side of the power supply is directly short-circuited through an electromagnetic contact circuit, and the power supply output is guaranteed to be 0V.
Further, the safety cathode is connected through a forward diode D2.
A power supply method adopting the electric vehicle ground power supply device comprises the following steps:
A. initially, the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD is in a connected state, and the power switch circuit DYKG is in a disconnected state;
B. if no vehicle is approaching the signal PSR, then cycling on site; if yes, entering the next step;
C. the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD is switched off, and then the power switch circuit DYKG is switched on;
D. if supply rail current signal IOIf the value is larger than zero, in-situ circulation is performed; otherwise, entering the next step;
E. disconnecting the power switch circuit DYKG;
F. and switching on the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD and returning to the step B.
Further, with the power switch circuit DYKG, the step C includes the following steps:
C1. the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD is switched off, and then a power switch element IGBT1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is switched on;
C2. if the supply rail voltage signal U0Less than UDYR2/(R1+ R2) or U or moreDY, UDYIf the power supply voltage fluctuation is the lower limit value, the next step is carried out; otherwise, circulating in situ;
C3. the controlled silicon SD1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is switched on;
further, by adopting the fuse FU and the safety ground switch circuit AQJD, the step F is composed of the following sub-steps:
F1. if the supply rail voltage signal U0Is still not less than UDYR2/(R1+ R2), go to step F3; otherwise, entering the next step;
F2. switching on a power switch element IGBT2 in the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD, and returning to the step B;
F3. and a contactor switch ES in the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD is switched on and alarms.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a controller, including:
a processor;
a memory; and
a computer program;
wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the computer program comprising instructions for the method as described above.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention also disclose a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program causing a controller to execute the method described above.
Adopt foretell technical scheme, the utility model discloses beneficial effect as follows:
the technical scheme of the utility model completely eradicates all possible faults of the contact switch, adopts two-stage power transmission control of the power electronic switch circuit and the controllable output circuit, can realize no electricity when no vehicle exists, electricity when the vehicle exists, and the power supply rail with electricity is completely covered by the vehicle safety;
after the vehicle leaves, the power switch circuit is turned off, and the safety grounding switch circuit enters a switch-on state, so that the power supply rail is in a safety grounding state;
when the power switch circuit is in a burning short circuit state, the safety grounding switch circuit grounds the power supply rail, the fuse FU is disconnected, and the power supply device is safely cut off from the power grid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle ground power supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle ground power supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the ground power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the length of the power supply rail GDG is smaller than the distance from the current collector to the near end of the vehicle, and adjacent power supply rails GDG are insulated from each other to form a power supply rail. The power switch circuit DYKG is connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the GDG of the power supply rail, the safety grounding switch circuit AQJD is connected between the GDG of the power supply rail and the safety negative electrode, and the fuse FU is connected between the positive electrode of the power supplyAnd between power switch circuit DYKG, when the short circuit appears in the module, fuse FU will fuse, and the module realizes safe excision. The controller CONTRL receives a vehicle approach signal PSR and a power supply rail voltage and current signal U0、I0And the on-off of the power switch circuit DYKG and the safe grounding switch circuit AQJD is controlled. In the power switch circuit dykgg, an output end of a power switch element IGBT1 is connected to an anode of a thyristor SD1, a cathode of the thyristor SD1 is connected to a power supply rail GDG, an anode of a diode D1 is connected to a resistance electrode of a controllable SD1, a capacitor C1 is connected between a cathode of the diode D1 and a safety negative electrode line, resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series between the anode of the controllable power supply SD1 and the safety negative electrode line, a series midpoint of resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D1 through a resistor R3, a resistor R4 is connected in parallel with the diode D1, an inductor L is connected in series to an input end of the power switch element IGBT1, resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 are selected, so that the power switch element IGBT1 is switched on while the thyristor SD1 is not switched on, and when a vehicle current collector is not in contact with the power supply rail GDG, a. In the safety ground switch circuit AQJD, a power switch element IGBT2 and a contactor switch ES are connected in parallel between a supply rail GDG and a safety negative line. A detection resistor R is arranged between the current collector and the negative pole of the power supply on the vehicle0. A dedicated track may be provided as the negative pole of the power supply and the rail may be directly utilized by the rail vehicle. The ground power supply device of the electric vehicle is connected to the safe cathode through the forward diode D2, so that the interference of stray current to the device is prevented, and the device is prevented from being damaged by the fault electrification of the safe cathode.
As shown in fig. 2, a flowchart of the electric vehicle ground power supply method of the present embodiment is shown.
The flow is initialized at block 1.0.
After the initialization, the process enters a frame 1.1, a power switch element IGBT1 and a silicon controlled rectifier SD1 in the power switch circuit DYKG are both in an off state, and a power switch element IGBT2 in the safety ground switch circuit JDKG is in an on state.
Entering a frame 1.2, judging whether a vehicle approach signal PSR exists: if no vehicle is approaching, cycling on site; otherwise block 1.3 is entered.
In block 1.3, the power switch element IGBT2 in the safety ground switch circuit AQJD is turned off, and then the power switch element IGBT1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is turned on, at which time the thyristor SD1 is not yet turned on, and the power supply charges the capacitor C1 through the power switch element IGBT1, the resistors R1, and R3.
At box 1.4, delay T1(T1 charging capacitor C1 to UDYTime required for R2/(R1+ R2), UDYWhich is the lower limit of the supply voltage fluctuation), block 1.5 is entered.
At box 1.5, the supply rail voltage signal U is determined0Whether or not less than UDYR2/(R1+ R2) or U or moreDY,: if yes, it indicates that the current collector of the electric vehicle has contacted the power supply rail GDG (U)0Less than UDYR2/(R1+ R2), the U0Is the initial condition of the on-vehicle detection resistor R0The upper partial pressure value; u shape0Greater than or equal to UDYThis U is0When the vehicle runs, the current collector is connected across the power supply voltage value of the GDG (direct current) connected front and back power supply rails), and the frame is entered into 1.6; otherwise, the loop is in place.
In block 1.6, the thyristor SD1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is turned on, and the capacitor C1 that connects the power supply and the power supply rail GDG is charged to the power supply voltage.
Go to block 1.7 to determine the supply rail current signal I0Whether it is greater than zero: if yes, circulating in situ; otherwise, it indicates that the vehicle has left, block 1.8.
In block 1.8, the thyristor SD1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is turned off first (at this time, even if the thyristor SD1 cannot be turned off due to a fault, the voltage of the capacitor C1 and the off-current back-emf of the inductor L applied to the two ends of the thyristor SD1 force the thyristor to turn off), and then the power switch element IGBT1 in the power switch circuit DYKG is turned off.
Entering a block 1.9, the time delay is greater than T2(T2 is that the capacitor C1 discharges to UDYR2/(R1+ R2), box 1.10 is entered.
At block 1.10, the supply rail voltage signal U is determined0Whether or not less than UDYR2/(R1+ R2): if yes, it means that the power switch circuit DYKG is normally turned off, the capacitor C1 is normally discharged, and the process enters the frame 1.11; otherwise, it indicates that the power switch circuit DYKG has a short-circuit fault (U)0Is equal to UDYR2/(R1+ R2) indicating short-circuiting of power switching element IGBT1, U0Is equal to UDYNote that power switching element IGBT1 and thyristor SD1 are short-circuited at the same time), block 1.12 is entered.
In block 1.11 the power switching element IGBT2 in the safety ground switching circuit AQJD is switched on, the supply rail GDG is safely grounded and then returned to block 1.2.
In block 1.12, the contactor switch ES in the safety earthing switch circuit AQJD is switched on and gives an alarm, and the short-circuit current opens the fuse FU, safely removing the power supply from the grid.
It should be noted that, the components or steps in the above embodiments can be mutually intersected, replaced, added or deleted, and therefore, the combination formed by these reasonable permutation and combination transformations shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and shall not limit the protection scope of the present invention to the above embodiments.
The above is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the order of the embodiment of the present disclosure is only for description, and does not represent the merits of the embodiment. It should be noted that the discussion of any embodiment above is exemplary only, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the disclosure of embodiments of the invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples, since various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope defined by the claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the disclosed embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements disclosed in the embodiments of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure of embodiments of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the idea of embodiments of the invention, also combinations between technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments are possible, and there are many other variations of different aspects of embodiments of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.