CN211205830U

CN211205830U - Device of plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sample

Info

Publication number: CN211205830U
Application number: CN201922238956.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宫平; 武志杰; 张丽莉
Original assignee: Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Applied Ecology of CAS
Priority date: 2019-12-13
Filing date: 2019-12-13
Publication date: 2020-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-13

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for sampling and measuring rhizosphere oxygen for plant rhizosphere and straw (also can measure the litters), which comprises a rhizosphere incubator, an isolation net, a rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube, a portable soil oxygen measuring instrument and the like. The invention has the advantages of ingenious design, easy manufacture, simple operation and economic cost, can distinguish rhizosphere, rhizosphere and rhizosphere mixed area and non-rhizosphere soil, can measure the root oxygen secretion capacity of the fixed plants, and has high accuracy.

Description

Device of plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sample

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a multidisciplinary fields such as soil microbiology, soil chemistry, molecular biology, ecology specifically provide a device of plant rhizosphere and straw border (also can survey the thing border that withers and falls) soil sampling and survey rhizosphere oxygen, specifically be a device of plant rhizosphere and straw border soil sampling.

Background

The straw returning is gradually taken as a generally regarded yield increasing measure for fertilizing soil, and the air pollution caused by straw burning is avoided and the fertilizer is increasedIncreasing the yield. In China, corn straw returning is common, and in recent years, rice straw returning is also popular gradually. The rice straw is rich in plant nutrition and is an important resource for fertilizing the soil fertility. In a yield of 9000kgha^-1The amount of the straws is calculated to be 0.9kg m^-2After returning to the field, the soil fertility improving effect is remarkable, the soil viscosity is reduced, the tiltability is improved, the soil structure is improved, and the rice yield is increased.

After the straws are returned to the field, how the soil physicochemical properties and biological characteristics of two micro-areas, namely the crop rhizosphere and the straw sphere (the area where the straws are mixed with the soil after being returned to the field) respond, researchers have generated strong interest in the soil physicochemical properties and biological characteristics, and the research is helpful for explaining the action mechanism of the straw returning to the field. The existing research is often encountered certain trouble when taking a sample, and traditional trembling root method, root bag method have certain limitation, and interference factor is more, for example root system and returning field straw contact are difficult to distinguish two big minidomains etc. accurately. In addition, the in-situ measurement of the oxygen at the rhizosphere of rice is difficult at present, and the most accurate in-situ measurement method of the oxygen in the soil is a microelectrode method (the used microelectrode is OXY25,

unisense, Aarhus, Denmark), but the conditions required by the method are severe, for example, the tips of the microelectrodes are very thin and are glass electrodes, and when the microelectrodes are inserted into soil, the sand and even harder soil particles are in danger of breaking, so that the tested soil needs to be sieved in advance to be used. In addition, the equipment is also required to be provided with a micromanipulator and an electric controller, is only suitable for being used in a laboratory, and has high manufacturing cost, and the whole set of equipment is about 30 ten thousand yuan. This cost is clearly enormous if only the rhizosphere oxygen is measured.

Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problems of the researchers to accurately distinguish two micro domains (rhizosphere and rhizosphere) and effectively measure the in-situ rhizosphere oxygen.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems that rhizosphere and rhizosphere cannot be accurately distinguished and rhizosphere oxygen is difficult to measure in situ, the invention provides a device for sampling soil and measuring rhizosphere oxygen of plants and rhizosphere (or litters can be measured).

The utility model discloses a device for determining rhizosphere and rhizosphere (also can survey the thing that withers and falls limit) soil property and rhizosphere oxygen constitutes as follows:

a plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device is characterized by comprising a rhizosphere culture box body, a rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube and two isolation nets, wherein the two isolation nets are arranged in the middle of the rhizosphere culture box body in parallel and divide the rhizosphere culture box body into three parts, namely a region I, a region II and a region III; the two isolation nets are respectively arranged at the positions 3-7cm away from the center of the rhizosphere culture box body.

The rhizosphere culture box body is a box body with an opening at one end of a square body; preferably a rectangular parallelepiped box with one open end.

The rhizosphere culture box body is characterized in that the length-width-height ratio is 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm: 40-60 cm.

The isolation net is a nylon net with the aperture of 25-30 mu m or 0.8-1.0 cm, and the length and the width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm, wherein the isolation net guard plate is attached to the isolation net: the PVC material is prepared from a PVC material, and the length and width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm, and the isolation plate is pulled out when the device is used. Isolating net guard plate: the PVC material is prepared from a PVC material, and the length and width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm, the isolation guard plate has the function of fixing when soil is added into the box body in the earlier stage, if the guard plate is not arranged, the isolation net made of soft materials is prone to deflection, and the isolation net can be pulled out of the box body after the soil is added.

The rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is internally provided with a portable soil oxygen measuring instrument or other portable oxygen measuring instruments, the lowest glass outside the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is pasted with a sensor of the soil oxygen measuring instrument, and the sensor is an optical self-adhesive sensor.

The diameter of the sensor is 0.5-0.8 cm, and the portable soil oxygen measuring instrument is a Pre Sens model GS _ FB 4-13-01.

Rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube: the glass tube with the cover at the threaded opening with the scales has the diameter of 0.5-2 cm and the height of 20-50 cm.

The portable soil oxygen measuring instrument is an Apogee Mo-200 oxygen measuring instrument, other portable oxygen measuring instruments with the same type of optical sensors can be selected, or the soil oxygen measuring instrument is a Pre Sens model GS _ FB4-13-01, and the sensor is a self-adhesive optical sensor.

A sensor: the diameter is 0.5-0.8 cm.

The method for collecting rhizosphere soil by using the device comprises the following steps:

the isolation net guard plate and the isolation net are inserted into the rhizosphere incubator firstly, the isolation net guard plate mainly plays a role of fixing the isolation net, and the isolation net guard plate can be withdrawn after the isolation net guard plate is fixed by the filled soil. The distance between the two isolation nets is 3-6 cm, and soil mixed with straws according to the required proportion is filled in the isolation nets. And only filling soil on two sides of the isolation net, and sowing plant seeds on two sides of the isolation net. Then place rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube, the sensor ann is in the below of glass pipe, and can adjust the male degree of depth according to the scale of glass pipe as required, there is the screw cap glass pipe top, open when awaiting measuring, it can to insert the intraductal bottom reading of glass with portable soil oxygen measuring apparatu probe, the back is accomplished in the survey, screw the lid, the glass pipe still stays in the root incasement, the glass pipe can protect oxygen measuring apparatu probe and avoid destroying, can also let the sensor separate the glass pipe can survey soil oxygen, the scale of glass pipe top can help adjusting the degree of depth of the soil that the probe was located.

The isolation net has two different pore sizes, the small pore size is 25-30 mu m, plant roots can not penetrate (soil between two isolation nets with small pore size is interstratar soil), the large pore size is 0.8-1.0 cm, the plant roots can penetrate (soil between two isolation nets with large pore size is a mixed area of the rhizosphere and the interstratar soil), and rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil can be obtained at two sides of the isolation net.

The utility model has the advantages that:

will the utility model discloses a rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is placed in the plant root system position of the different degree of depth in advance, can carry out the free migration of root secretion and soil nutrient moisture at the vegetation in-process, and secretion and soil nutrient moisture can be transported and move near two isolation net outsides, and the isolation net in different apertures has decided whether penetrating of root system, and the isolation net inboard is the rhizosphere, consequently can distinguish rhizosphere, rhizosphere and rhizosphere mixed zone well and non-rhizosphere soil. The method provides an effective method for accurately distinguishing different micro-area soils, and can be used for in-situ determination of the oxygen secretion capacity of the plant roots in different soil layer depths. Compared with a microelectrode method which has high manufacturing cost (about 30 ten thousand yuan), strict condition requirements (an alternating current power supply is needed, and a microelectrode is easy to break and heavy), the portable soil oxygen measuring instrument is more economical (about 5000 yuan), convenient (small and exquisite, and can be used for 24 hours after being fully charged).

The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple method, low cost, easy operation and suitability for actual acquisition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil collection device of the present invention.

1 is a rhizosphere culture box body, 2 is a rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube, and 3 is an isolation net.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the device for collecting the soil of the plant rhizosphere and the rhizosphere (or measuring the rhizosphere) and measuring the rhizosphere oxygen comprises a rhizosphere soil culture box (the width-height ratio is 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm: 40-60 cm) which is made of PVC material and is provided with an opening at one end, two isolation nets are arranged in the middle, a nylon net with the aperture of 25-30 mu m is arranged in the middle, two isolation net guard plates (the length and the width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm), the interval between the two isolation nets is 10cm, the two parallel isolation nets are respectively arranged in the middle of the rhizosphere culture box body to divide the rhizosphere culture box body into three parts, namely a region I, a region II and a region III, a rhizosphere oxygen probe protection pipe is respectively arranged in the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body, the region II of the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection pipe is filled with rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil, the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body are filled with the rhizosphere soil, soil is put into in the rhizosphere soil incubator, put into the regional I of rhizosphere incubator body, a rice is placed respectively as figure 1 to regional III, the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube of different soil layer depths can be arranged in to a plurality of (2 are put into to every region on average), the screw thread mouth area that has the scale promptly covers glass pipe (the diameter is 0.5 ~ 2cm, highly be 20 ~ 50cm), can survey the regional oxygen value of the place of inequality height as required, adjust the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube, it is fixed according to the scale, during the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is put into soil perpendicularly, optical sensor is pasted with the bottommost end of soil contact, put into portable soil oxygen measuring apparatu in the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube: the Pre Sens model GS _ FB4-13-01, and other optical sensor portable oxygen measuring instruments of the same type can be selected. The sensor (the diameter is 0.5-0.8 cm), when in use, the oxygen measuring instrument is placed in the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube, the probe corresponds to the sensor, the rhizosphere soil culture box is vertically placed, and the oxygen content is measured according to different requirements (the average oxygen content of the device or the different oxygen content measurement of each place).

The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the aperture of each of the two isolation nets is 0.8-1 cm; the two parallel isolation nets are respectively placed in the middle of the rhizosphere culture box body to divide the rhizosphere culture box body into three parts, namely a region I, a region II and a region III, the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is respectively placed in the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body, the region II of the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube is filled with straw powder and soil, the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body are filled with soil, and other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment mode, rhizomes can pass through the isolation nets, and rhizomes in the region II can be observed to grow stronger than rhizomes in the region I and rhizomes in the region III.

Comparative example:

the common portable soil oxygen measuring instrument of other existing types is mostly direct insertion type electrode and sensor, and measurement accuracy is lower, and survey response time is longer moreover, has the risk of electrode damage in the in-process of inserting soil many times. And to the desk-top oxygen meter that sensitivity and precision are high, the cost is extremely expensive, complex operation, and it is very inconvenient to use, and the electrode is mostly miniature clark electrode, and its electrode point is very slight, applies very easy rupture in the monitoring of soil oxygen.

The method for collecting rhizosphere and straw soil and measuring the root oxygen secretion capacity by using the device can be used for crops such as rice, corn, wheat and the like, and can also be used for the experiment of litter decomposition research, namely changing the soil and straw mixed area of two isolation nets into the mixed area of litter and soil.

Through the utility model discloses can accurately distinguish rhizosphere, rhizosphere soil, study the change of different micro-domain soil properties more effectively, still can make things convenient for, economy, accurately survey the plant root simultaneously and secrete oxygen ability.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device of plant rhizosphere and straw boundary soil sample which characterized in that: the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube comprises a rhizosphere culture box body (1), a rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube (2) and two isolation nets (3), wherein the two parallel isolation nets (3) are respectively arranged in the middle of the rhizosphere culture box body (1), the rhizosphere culture box body (1) is divided into three parts, namely a region I, a region II and a region III, the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube (2) is respectively arranged in the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body (1), the region II of the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube (2) is filled with rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil, the region I and the region III of the rhizosphere culture box body (1) are filled with the rhizosphere soil, the number of the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tubes (2) is n, the number of the n is not less than 1, the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube (2) is a glass tube with a sealed end and a graduated threaded port with a cover at the other end, and the rhizosphere oxygen probe protective tube (2) is vertically arranged in; the two isolation nets (3) are respectively arranged at the positions 3-7cm away from the center of the rhizosphere culture box body (1).

2. The device for sampling the plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rhizosphere cultivation box body (1) is a box body with an opening at one end of a square body.

3. The device for sampling the plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rhizosphere cultivation box body (1) is a rectangular box body with an opening at one end.

4. The device for sampling the plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rhizosphere culture box body (1) has a length-width-height ratio of 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm: 40-60 cm.

5. The plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tubes (2) is 3-4.

6. The plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device of claim 1, wherein:

the isolation net (3) is a nylon net with the aperture of 25-30 mu m or 0.8-1.0 cm, and the length and the width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm, wherein the isolation net guard plate is attached to the isolation net: the PVC material is prepared from a PVC material, and the length and width are 50-80 cm: 30-50 cm, and the isolation plate is pulled out when the device is used.

7. The plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device of claim 1, wherein:

the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube (2) has a diameter of 0.5-2 cm and a height of 20-50 cm.

8. The plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device of claim 1, wherein:

a portable soil oxygen measuring instrument or other portable oxygen measuring instruments are placed in the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube (2), a sensor of the soil oxygen measuring instrument is attached to the glass at the lowest end outside the rhizosphere oxygen probe protection tube (2), and the sensor is an optical self-adhesive sensor.

9. The plant rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil sampling device of claim 8, wherein: