CN211156178U

CN211156178U - Tibia fixing device

Info

Publication number: CN211156178U
Application number: CN201921805714.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林成寿; 赖志敏; 江道海
Original assignee: Double Medical Technology Inc; Mindong Hospital of Ningde City
Current assignee: Double Medical Technology Inc; Mindong Hospital of Ningde City
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-25

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a tibia fixing device, which comprises a sighting frame and a fixing mechanism, wherein a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the sighting frame; the fixing mechanism comprises an intramedullary nail and a plurality of transverse locking nails, the intramedullary nail is detachably connected with the aiming frame, mounting holes equal to the number of the guide holes are formed in the intramedullary nail, and after the intramedullary nail is connected with the aiming frame, the guide holes correspond to the mounting holes one to one so that each guide hole can guide one transverse locking nail to be inserted into the corresponding mounting hole. The operation that horizontal lock nail was implanted in the shin bone is convenient, shortens operation time, improves operation efficiency.

Description

Tibia fixing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical equipment field particularly, relates to a shin bone fixing device.

Background

A distal metaphyseal fracture of the tibia refers to a fracture in which the fracture line is within 4cm of the tibial-tibial articular surface. When the fracture line does not involve the tibialis articular surface or the fracture does not involve the articular surface but does not move, the fracture is regarded as the extraarticular fracture. Distal tibial fractures are caused by two different injury mechanisms. Low energy injuries such as sprains, falls can cause spiral fractures of the distal tibia; high energy injuries such as high fall injuries, traffic injuries, etc., the talus applies axial pressure to the distal end of the tibia, causing collapse of the tibial articular surface and cleavage fracture of the distal end of the tibia. The ankle joint is the joint with the largest load of the human body, and the weight of the whole body falls on the joint when the user stands and walks. The joint fracture has the disadvantages of large treatment difficulty, more complications and high disability rate, and is one of the most challenging orthopedic problems.

The research finds that the prior tibia far-end fixing device has the following defects:

the operation is complicated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the utility model includes, for example, providing a shin bone fixing device, it can simplify the operation, improves operation efficiency.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a can realize like this:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tibia fixation device, including:

the device comprises a sighting frame and a fixing mechanism, wherein a plurality of guide holes are formed in the sighting frame; the fixing mechanism comprises an intramedullary nail and a plurality of transverse locking nails, the intramedullary nail is used for being detachably connected with the aiming frame, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the intramedullary nail, and after the intramedullary nail is connected with the aiming frame, a plurality of guide holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting holes and the axes of the guide holes and the mounting holes are collinear, so that each guide hole can guide one transverse locking nail to be inserted into the corresponding mounting hole.

In an alternative embodiment, the intramedullary nail comprises an arc-shaped section and a straight section which are connected, and mounting holes are arranged on the arc-shaped section and the straight section.

In an alternative embodiment, the arc of the arc segment is R, R ═ 50 to 180 rad.

In an alternative embodiment, the number of the mounting holes on the arc-shaped segment is multiple, and the axes of at least two mounting holes on the arc-shaped segment have an included angle.

In an alternative embodiment, the axes of the plurality of mounting holes in the arc segment may be angled in the range of [40 °, 90 ° ] to the coronal plane of the intramedullary nail.

In an alternative embodiment, the axes of the plurality of mounting holes in the arc segment are angled between [ -45 °, +45 ° ] to the sagittal plane of the intramedullary nail.

In an alternative embodiment, the number of the mounting holes on the straight line section is multiple, and the axes of at least two mounting holes on the straight line section have included angles.

In an alternative embodiment, the axes of the plurality of mounting holes in the straight segment are angled between [ -65 °, +65 ° ] to the sagittal plane of the intramedullary nail.

In an optional embodiment, the aiming frame comprises a first guide rod and a second guide rod which are connected, and guide holes are formed in the first guide rod and the second guide rod; the intramedullary nail is used for being detachably connected with the second guide rod.

In an alternative embodiment, the aiming block further includes a connecting member connected to the second guide rod, and a developing member disposed on the connecting member, the length of the developing member extending in the axial direction of one of the guide holes.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect includes, for example:

in summary, the tibia fixing device provided in this embodiment selects an appropriate intramedullary nail and a transverse locking nail after determining the fracture site of the tibia, implants the intramedullary nail and the transverse locking nail into the tibia by using the aiming frame, and passes the transverse locking nail through the intramedullary nail to fix the intramedullary nail and the transverse locking nail relatively. In the operation process, the intramedullary nail is connected with the aiming frame, and the aiming frame and the tibia are relatively fixed after the intramedullary nail is implanted into the tibia at a proper position. Then wear to establish the horizontal lock nail in the guiding hole that corresponds on the aiming stand, horizontal lock nail along the extending direction motion of guiding hole, because the axis collineation of guiding hole and the mounting hole that corresponds, horizontal lock nail along the guiding hole towards the mounting hole motion in order to implant the mounting hole that corresponds on the intramedullary nail, horizontal lock nail plays the effect of fixed shinbone with the intramedullary nail combined action, and horizontal lock nail can prevent that the intramedullary nail from rotating, reinforcing fixed effect. Because the number of the guide holes on the aiming frame is equal to that of the mounting holes on the intramedullary nail and the guide holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting holes, one transverse locking nail can be inserted into each mounting hole through the guide of the guide holes, a plurality of transverse locking nails only need to be implanted into the tibia through one aiming frame to be matched with the intramedullary nail in an inserting manner, the aiming frame does not need to be replaced when the transverse locking nails at different positions are implanted, repeated positioning is not needed, the operation is simplified, and the operation efficiency is improved; and a plurality of horizontal locking nails are guided by one aiming frame, and after one horizontal locking nail is matched with the corresponding mounting hole, the positions of the rest horizontal locking nails are determined, so that the success rate of the operation is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tibial fixation device provided in this embodiment (cross-locking pin not shown);

fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the tibial fixation device according to the present embodiment (the cross locking pin is not shown);

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing mechanism provided in this embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic front structural view of the fixing mechanism provided in this embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the intramedullary nail provided in the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 5 (the cross-sectional view is a sagittal plane);

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of F-F in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of D-D of FIG. 6;

fig. 10 is a schematic sectional structure view of E-E in fig. 6.

Icon:

100-aiming stand; 110-a connector; 120-a first guide bar; 130-a second guide bar; 131-a positioning part; 140-a developing member; 150-a pilot hole; 200-a securing mechanism; 210-intramedullary nail; 211-arc segment; 2110-third hole; 2111-fourth well; 2112-fifth well; 212-straight line segment; 2120-first hole; 2121-a second well; 213-an insertion end; 214-tail end; 215-inclined plane; 216-a guide; 217-threaded hole; 218-a notch; 219-mounting holes; 220-transverse locking nail; 230-an end cap; 001-sagittal plane; 002-coronal plane.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the products of the present invention are used, the description is only for convenience of description and simplification, but the indication or suggestion that the indicated device or element must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be interpreted as a limitation of the present invention.

Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

At present, at the fixed operation in-process of shin bone distal end fracture, need with main nail with prevent revolving to implant the shin bone fracture position jointly with the nail, main nail all relies on the sight to implant with preventing revolving, and owing to prevent revolving the quantity of nail and be more than two usually, when implanting and preventing revolving the nail, need use the sight more than two, so, prolonged operation time, increased the operation risk.

Therefore, the embodiment provides a tibia fixing device, when a plurality of transverse locking nails are inserted into an intramedullary nail implanted into a tibia, the plurality of transverse locking nails only depend on one aiming frame, the using number of the aiming frames is reduced, the time for repeated positioning is shortened, the operation efficiency is improved, and the operation success rate is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the tibia fixing device provided in this embodiment includes an aiming block 100 and a fixing mechanism 200, wherein a plurality of guide holes 150 are formed in the aiming block 100; the fixing mechanism 200 includes an intramedullary nail 210 and a plurality of transverse locking nails 220, the intramedullary nail 210 is used for detachably connecting with the aiming block 100, the intramedullary nail 210 is provided with mounting holes 219 equal to the number of the guide holes 150, after the intramedullary nail 210 is connected with the aiming block 100, the plurality of guide holes 150 correspond to the plurality of mounting holes 219 one by one and the axes of the plurality of mounting holes 219 are collinear, so that each guide hole 150 can guide one transverse locking nail 220 to be inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 219.

After the fracture site of the tibia is determined, the tibia fixing device provided in this embodiment selects the appropriate intramedullary nail 210 and transverse locking nail 220, implants the intramedullary nail 210 and the transverse locking nail 220 into the tibia by using the aiming block 100, and passes the transverse locking nail 220 through the intramedullary nail 210 to fix the intramedullary nail 210 and the transverse locking nail 220 relatively. In the operation process, the intramedullary nail 210 is connected with the aiming block 100, and after the intramedullary nail 210 is implanted into the tibia at a proper position through the positioning of the aiming block 100, the position of the aiming block 100 and the position of the tibia are relatively fixed. Then, the transverse locking nail 220 is inserted into the guide hole 150 on the aiming block 100, the transverse locking nail 220 moves along the extending direction of the guide hole 150, because the axis of the guide hole 150 is collinear with the axis of the corresponding mounting hole 219, the transverse locking nail 220 moves along the guide hole 150 towards the mounting hole 219 to be implanted into the corresponding mounting hole 219 on the intramedullary nail 210, the transverse locking nail 220 and the intramedullary nail 210 jointly act to fix the tibia, and the transverse locking nail 220 can prevent the rotation of the intramedullary nail 210, so that the fixing effect is enhanced. Because the number of the guide holes 150 on the aiming frame 100 is equal to the number of the mounting holes 219 on the intramedullary nail 210 and the guide holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting holes 219, one transverse locking nail 220 can be inserted into each mounting hole 219 through the guide of the guide holes 150, a plurality of transverse locking nails 220 can be implanted into the tibia to be matched with the intramedullary nail 210 in an inserting manner only through one aiming frame 100, the aiming frame 100 does not need to be replaced when the transverse locking nails 220 at different positions are implanted, repeated positioning is not needed, the operation is simplified, and the operation efficiency is improved; and a plurality of horizontal locking nails 220 all depend on the direction of one aiming frame 100, and after one horizontal locking nail 220 is matched with the corresponding mounting hole 219, the positions of the rest horizontal locking nails 220 are determined, so that the success rate of the operation is improved.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the intramedullary nail 210 is a cylindrical rod, the diameter of the intramedullary nail 210 is 6mm-8mm, the intramedullary nail 210 can reduce friction with human tissues when implanted in a human body, and the intramedullary nail 210 can be conveniently implanted in the human body, optionally, the intramedullary nail 210 comprises an arc-shaped section 211 and a straight-line section 212 which are connected, one end of the arc-shaped section 211, which is far away from the straight-line section 212, is a tail end 214, one end of the straight-line section 212, which is far away from the arc-shaped section 211, is an insertion end 213, the insertion end 213 is provided with a chamfer, and a part of the straight-line section 212, which is close to the insertion end 213, is provided with a guide part 216, the outer diameter of the guide part 216 is gradually reduced from one end, which is close to the arc-shaped section 211, to the insertion end 213, further, on a sagittal plane 001 of the intramedullary nail 210, an angle formed by extension line of a contour line of the guide part 216 is α [5 °, 30 ° ], so.

Referring to fig. 7-10, further, the straight line segment 212 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 219, in this embodiment, optionally, two mounting holes 219 are provided on the straight line segment 212 at intervals along the extending direction thereof, for convenience of description, the two mounting holes 219 provided on the straight line segment 212 are a first hole 2120 and a second hole 2121, the first hole 2120 is closer to the insertion end 213 than the second hole 2121, the angle between the axis of the mounting hole 219 on the straight line segment 212 and the sagittal plane 001 is β [ -65 °, +65 ° ], optionally, the angle between the axis of the first hole 2120 and the sagittal plane 001 is (0 °, +65 °), the axis of the second hole 2121 and the sagittal plane is 0 °, + 0 ° the axis of the first hole 2120 and the axis of the second hole 2121 have an included angle, and after the two transverse locking nails 220 on the straight line segment 212 are engaged with the first hole 2120 and the second hole 2121, the two transverse locking nails 220 have an included angle with good anti-lock effect.

In this embodiment, the radian of the arc segment is optionally R, and R is (50-180) rad, for example, the radian R of the arc segment may be 50rad, 115rad, or 180 rad. The radian design of the arc segment ensures that the arc segment has higher adaptation degree with the distal end intramedullary cavity of the tibia, is convenient for implantation and improves the success rate of the operation.

Optionally, a plurality of mounting holes 219 are formed in the arc segment, the axes of at least two mounting holes 219 in the plurality of mounting holes 219 in the arc segment have included angles, and after the transverse locking nails 220 are inserted into the plurality of mounting holes 219 in the arc segment 211, at least two transverse locking nails 220 in the plurality of transverse locking nails 220 have included angles, so that the anti-rotation effect is good. Optionally, the axes of the plurality of mounting holes 219 on the arc segment may be at an angle γ with the sagittal plane 001 of the intramedullary nail 210, γ [ -45 °, +45 ° ], and optionally γ may be-45 °, 0 °, or 45 °. Alternatively, the axes of the plurality of mounting holes 219 on the arc segment may be at an angle θ with respect to the coronal plane 002 of the intramedullary nail 210, where θ is [40 °, 90 ° ], and may be, for example, 40 °, 65 °, 90 °, or the like.

In this embodiment, optionally, three mounting holes 219 are disposed on the arc segment 211 at intervals along the extending direction of the arc segment 211, for convenience of description, the three mounting holes 219 are a third hole 2110, a fourth hole 2111 and a fifth hole 2112 in sequence, and the third hole 2110 is closest to the second hole 2121. Optionally, the angle γ 1 between the axis of the third hole 2110 and the sagittal plane 001 is-45 °, the angle γ 2 between the axis of the fourth hole 2111 and the sagittal plane 001 is 0 °, and the angle γ 3 between the axis of the fifth hole 2112 and the sagittal plane 001 is 45 °.

In this embodiment, optionally, the end of the arc segment 211 away from the straight segment 212 is a tail end 214, and the tail end 214 is provided with a slope 215, and the slope 215 forms an angle with a plane perpendicular to the coronal plane 002 of [5 °, 30 ° ]. Optionally, the angle may be 5 °, 17.5 ° or 30 °, and the like, since the tail end 214 of the arc-shaped section 211 is provided with the inclined surface 215, after the intramedullary nail 210 is implanted into the tibia, the inclined surface 215 of the tail end 214 of the arc-shaped section 211 is used for fitting the outer surface of the tibia, and the tail end 214 of the intramedullary nail 210 is flush with the medial malleolus bone surface, so as to reduce irritation to the skin soft tissue.

Optionally, a threaded hole 217 is provided in the bevel 215 for removable threaded attachment with a screw to the aiming block 100 for positioning the intramedullary nail 210. Further, the tail end 214 of the intramedullary nail 210 is provided with a notch 218 communicating with the threaded hole 217.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, optionally, the aiming block 100 includes a connecting member 110, a first guiding rod 120, a second guiding rod 130, and a developing member 140, the first guiding rod 120 is connected to the second guiding rod 130, and the first guiding rod 120 and the second guiding rod 130 are disposed vertically. The end part of the second guide rod 130 far away from the first guide rod 120 is provided with a positioning part 131 for being in splicing fit with the intramedullary nail 210, the positioning part 131 can be a splicing column, a through hole is arranged inside the splicing column, the splicing column is provided with a protrusion in splicing fit with the notch 218, after the intramedullary nail 210 is in splicing fit with the splicing column, the protrusion is clamped with the notch 218, a screw passes through the through hole and is in threaded connection with a threaded hole 217 of the tail end 214 of the intramedullary nail 210, the positioning of the intramedullary nail 210 and the aiming frame 100 is realized, and the intramedullary nail 210 and the aiming frame are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction of the intramedullary nail 210, so that the intramedullary nail 210 is not easy. The coupling member 110 is coupled to the second guide bar 130, the developing member 140 is disposed in the coupling member 110, the developing member 140 has a long bar shape, and the length of the developing member 140 extends along the axis of one of the plurality of guide holes 150, in other words, the length of the developing member 140 extends along the axis of one of the plurality of mounting holes 219, for example, the length of the developing member 140 extends along the axis of the fifth hole 2112. In the process of implanting the intramedullary nail 210 into the tibia, the developing part 140 moves together with the aiming block 100, the implantation depth of the intramedullary nail 210 is observed depending on the position of the developing part 140, and when the developing part 140 moves together with the aiming block 100 to the preset position, the implantation of the intramedullary nail 210 is stopped, so that the success rate and the efficiency of the operation are improved.

In this embodiment, optionally, the tibial fixation device further includes an end cap 230, after the intramedullary nail 210 and the transverse locking nail 220 are implanted, the aiming arm 100 is removed, and the end cap 230 is screwed with the threaded hole 217 of the tail end 214 of the intramedullary nail 210, so as to prevent soft tissue from growing into the nail hole of the intramedullary nail 210, thereby facilitating removal of the post-operation internal plant.

It should be noted that the sagittal plane 001 of the intramedullary nail 210 is a plane passing through the centerline of the intramedullary nail 210 and separating the intramedullary nail 210 into two symmetrical portions, i.e., a plane perpendicular to the plane of the paper and passing through the centerline in fig. 5; coronal plane 002 of intramedullary nail 210 is perpendicular to sagittal plane 001 and tangent to the centerline of intramedullary nail 210 at the midpoint of caudal end 214 of intramedullary nail 210.

The tibia fixing device provided by the embodiment can reduce the operation difficulty, shorten the operation time and improve the operation success rate.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tibial fixation device, comprising:

the device comprises a sighting frame and a fixing mechanism, wherein a plurality of guide holes are formed in the sighting frame; the fixing mechanism comprises an intramedullary nail and a plurality of transverse locking nails, the intramedullary nail is used for being detachably connected with the aiming frame, the intramedullary nail is provided with mounting holes, the number of the mounting holes is equal to that of the guide holes, when the intramedullary nail is connected with the aiming frame, the guide holes correspond to the mounting holes one to one, and therefore each guide hole can guide one transverse locking nail to be inserted into the corresponding mounting hole.

2. The tibial fixation device of claim 1, wherein:

the intramedullary nail comprises an arc-shaped section and a straight section which are connected, and the arc-shaped section and the straight section are provided with the mounting holes.

3. The tibial fixation device of claim 2, wherein:

the radian of the arc-shaped section is R, and R is (50-180) rad.

4. The tibial fixation device of claim 2, wherein:

the number of the mounting holes in the arc-shaped section is multiple, and the axial lines of the mounting holes in the arc-shaped section have included angles.

5. The tibial fixation device of claim 3, wherein:

the included angle range between the axes of the installation holes on the arc-shaped section and the coronal plane of the intramedullary nail is [40 degrees, 90 degrees ].

6. The tibial fixation device of claim 4, wherein:

the included angle between the axes of the mounting holes on the arc-shaped section and the sagittal plane of the intramedullary nail is [ -45 degrees, +45 degrees ].

7. The tibial fixation device of claim 2, wherein:

the number of the mounting holes on the straight line section is multiple, and the axes of at least two mounting holes on the straight line section have included angles.

8. The tibial fixation device of claim 7, wherein:

the included angle between the axes of the mounting holes on the straight line segment and the sagittal plane of the intramedullary nail is [ -65 degrees, +65 degrees ].

9. The tibial fixation device of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

the aiming frame comprises a first guide rod and a second guide rod which are connected, and the first guide rod and the second guide rod are provided with the guide holes; the intramedullary nail is used for being detachably connected with the second guide rod.

10. The tibial fixation device of claim 9, wherein:

the aiming frame further comprises a connecting piece and a developing piece, the connecting piece is connected with the second guide rod, the developing piece is arranged on the connecting piece, and the length of the developing piece extends along one of the axis directions of the guide holes.