CN211131027U - Finger-worn physiological device and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a indicate formula of wearing physiology device and system, wherein, should indicate formula of wearing physiology device to include the casing, the structure is worn to the adjustable finger, the control unit, an at least luminous source and an at least photodetector, and the vibration module, wear the structure through this adjustable finger, this indicate formula of wearing physiology device to be set up on user's finger, in order during user's sleep, gain this user's blood physiology signal, and according to this blood physiology signal, can obtain this user's a respiratory event relevant information, and this vibration module produces the vibration according to this respiratory event relevant information, in order to produce the vibration warning to this user.

Description

Finger-worn physiological device and system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a finger-worn physiological apparatus and system, and more particularly, to a finger-worn physiological apparatus and system suitable for use during sleep and for evaluating and/or improving sleep disordered breathing.

Background

The physiological information of blood obtained from the finger can be used to understand many physiological conditions of the human body, such as blood oxygen concentration, heart rate, etc., and is commonly found in many physiological monitoring devices, such as patient monitoring, PSG, sleep apnea screening, and many wearable physiological health monitoring devices.

The main problem of the present finger-worn optical sensing device is how to fix and make the user feel comfortable and obtain stable signal quality when wearing the device for a long time.

The most commonly used probe form of the existing finger-worn optical sensing device is a clip-type probe as shown in fig. 1A-1B, which is fixed on the fingertip by mechanical clamping force or elasticity, but as known, a certain fixing force is required to ensure the contact between the optical sensor and the skin of the fingertip, so that the blood of the fingertip is easily not circulated after long-term use.

Another optical sensor probe is a ring type probe as described in chinese patent CN106236106A, which is provided to adapt to fingers and parts with different thickness by forming a ring with elastic material, and further achieves the effect of maintaining the ring to apply force to fingers with different thickness by making a part of the ring thin.

Although the disadvantages of the conventional clip-type probe are greatly improved, there are still some places to be improved, for example, the finger ring has a space reserved for adapting to fingers with different thicknesses, so that there are concerns that the installation stability is insufficient and the finger ring is easy to loosen, and in addition, the installation positions of the signal generating sensor and the signal receiving sensor are easy to change positions due to different thicknesses of the fingers, so that it is difficult to ensure that the contact between the sensor and the skin can reach an ideal state every time of measurement, and thus there is uncertainty in measurement.

In another embodiment, the ring-type physiological information monitoring device disclosed in CN100518630C, fig. 1-11 disclose that the elastic finger support strap is used to install the light emitting device and the receiving device in addition to the adjustable length, and the hidden danger of such an installation is that the installation stability of the light emitting device and/or the receiving device is affected when the length is adjusted by the support strap, for example, when the elastic strap is tightened and deformed, the contact between the light emitting/receiving device and the finger thereon is affected, resulting in unstable signal quality.

Accordingly, there is a real need for a finger-worn physiological apparatus that not only retains the advantages of the prior art, but also improves upon the lack thereof.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a indicate to wear formula physiology detection device, it has adjustable and indicates to wear the structure, adaptable not unidimensional finger, and have the fine setting function simultaneously, can further adapt to along with time and dynamic change's finger encloses to exert the slight pressure towards finger skin to the physiology sensing subassembly that bears, in order to reach the equilibrium between stable maximize of contact and high quality physiology signal.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a finger-worn physiological detection device, which can achieve the effect of obtaining physiological information at different positions of the finger through the design of the overall structure.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a finger-worn physiological apparatus and system, wherein the finger-worn structure is flexible and not easy to fall off, and is suitable for use during sleep, and can be used to evaluate and/or improve sleep disordered breathing in cooperation with the obtained physiological signal.

The utility model discloses a finger-worn formula physiology device, include: a housing; an adjustable finger-wearing structure for forming a ring body surrounding a finger of a user and disposing the housing on the finger, wherein the adjustable finger-wearing structure comprises a first free end and a second free end, and the ring bodies with different sizes can be formed according to different mutual combination positions of the first free end and the second free end; a control unit; at least one light source and at least one light detector electrically connected to the control unit and arranged on the surface of the shell; a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and a vibration module; during the sleep period of the user, the control unit obtains the blood physiological signal of the user through the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector, and can obtain the respiratory event related information of the user according to the blood physiological signal, and the vibration module generates vibration according to the respiratory event related information to generate vibration warning for the user.

The utility model discloses a finger-worn formula physiology system, include: a first physiological detection device, comprising: an inflexible part comprising: a first control unit; at least one light source and at least one light detector electrically connected to the first control unit; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the first control unit; and a flexible portion configured to be coupled with the inflexible portion and form a ring body surrounding a finger of a user such that the inflexible portion is disposed on the finger; a second physiological sensing device comprising: a shell, a second control unit; an accelerator electrically connected to the second control unit; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the second control unit; and an information providing unit, wherein, during a sleep period of the user, the first control unit obtains the blood physiological signal of the user through the at least one luminous source and the at least one photodetector, and the second control unit obtains the body posture information of the user during the sleep period through the accelerometer; and the blood physiological signal is used as a basis to obtain at least one piece of blood physiological information; and the relationship between the at least one piece of blood physiological information and the body posture information is provided to the user through the information providing unit.

Drawings

FIGS. 1A-1B show a prior art finger-worn optical sensing probe;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wearable physiological monitor device according to the present invention;

FIGS. 3A-3B show a schematic view of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 6A-6H and 7A-7B illustrate possible embodiments of combinations of deflectable and non-deflectable portions according to preferred embodiments of the present invention;

FIGS. 8A-8B illustrate placement of an optical sensor on a non-flexible portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 9A-9C are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the non-flexing portions disposed on different knuckles, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 shows a hand vessel map;

FIGS. 11A-11C are schematic diagrams illustrating an embodiment of the inflexible part disposed on different parts of a finger according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 12A-12C illustrate possible implementations of a light source and a light detector in a light sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 13 shows a PPG signal and its temporal characteristics.

Description of the symbols in the drawings

100 housing 101 first free end

102 second free end 103 post

1031 positioning limiting part 104 positioning hole

105 hole 201 magic tape matt surface

202 magic tape 300 containing space

400 flexible portion 401 incorporates a hole

402 combination post 4021 combination limiting part

403 bonding element 500 optical sensor

601 anti-drop piece 700 finger

701 blood vessel 702 phalanx

81 infrared light source 82 red light source

83 green light source 90, 91, 92 light detector

Detailed Description

Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic circuit diagram of a wearable physiological detection device according to the present invention.

First, the physiological detection device according to the present invention comprises at least one optical sensor electrically connected to a control unit and operated under the control of the control unit, so as to obtain the physiological information of blood.

As shown in fig. 2, all components in the physiological measurement device are connected to a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises at least one microcontroller/microprocessor, and is preloaded with a program to control communication between hardware components, the control unit can achieve signal transmission between different hardware components and external applications/external devices connected to the physiological measurement device of the present invention, and also allows the behavior of the device to be programmed to respond to different operating conditions, and the microcontroller/microprocessor can also utilize an internal timer (not shown) to generate a timestamp or a time difference or to control the operation.

In the present application, the optical sensor is a sensor having both a light source, e.g. L ED, and a light detector, e.g. a photodiode (photodiode), and it is known that it utilizes the principle of PPG (photoplethysmography), by which light is emitted into the body tissue through the light source and the light detector receives light penetrating the blood vessels or reflected by the blood, and then by obtaining the volume change of the light due to the blood, it is known that the physiological signals of the blood obtained by the optical sensor are PPG signals, wherein the PPG signals include a fast moving Component (AC Component), which reflects the pulse wave generated by the contraction of the heart muscle transmitted through the arteries, and a slow moving Component (DC Component), which reflects the slower change of the blood volume of the tissue, e.g. the respiration, the abdominal fluctuation, the PPG and parasympathetic activity, and the influence caused by the heart rate, and the heart rate of the heart, and the heart rate of the patient can be diagnosed by analyzing the relevant blood vessel and blood pressure, and the heart rate can be analyzed by the harmonic frequency, and the frequency of the heart rate can be analyzed by the harmonic of the spleen and the heart rate, and the harmonic of the heart rate of the heart.

Generally, the blood physiological information obtained varies according to the type and number of light sources and photodetectors included in the light sensor, for example, the light sensor may include at least one light source, such as L ED or L ED, preferably green/infrared/red light, and at least one photodetector to obtain blood physiological information such as pulse rate/heart rate and respiratory thoracoabdominal fluctuation, wherein, when measuring pulse rate/heart rate, green light and visible light with wavelengths below green light, such as blue light and white light, are the main light sources used to measure heart rate, and mainly read the chest and abdominal AC components, and further, when a person breathes, the pressure in the chest cavity (so-called intrathoracic pressure) changes with each breath, wherein, during inspiration, the chest expands to cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure, thus drawing air into the lungs, and during expiration, the internal pressure increases and forces air out of the lungs to change, and the amount of blood pumped into the lungs changes, so that the blood DC component of the blood can be analyzed by the PPG signal.

Alternatively, the light sensor may comprise at least two light sources, such as L EDs, preferably green/infrared/red light, and at least one photodetector, to obtain blood physiological information such as blood oxygen concentration (SPO2), pulse rate/heart rate, and respiratory thoracic and abdominal fluctuation, wherein the blood oxygen concentration is measured by injecting light of two different wavelengths into the tissue, using different absorption levels of two wavelengths of light by oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and non-oxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood, and comparing the two wavelengths after receiving the transmitted and reflected light to determine the blood oxygen concentration, so that the blood oxygen concentration measurement is usually more limited for the position of the light sensor, preferably the position where the light can be injected into the artery, such as finger, palm, toe, sole, etc., and the two different wavelengths may be, for example, red light and infrared light, or green light of two wavelengths, such as 560nm and 577nm, and thus, the light source may be selected as required without limitation.

The wavelength ranges of the above-mentioned light sources are, for example, the red light wavelength is about 620nm to 750nm, the infrared light wavelength is about more than 750nm, and the green light wavelength is about 495nm to 580nm, and when the wavelength ranges are used for measurement, the red light wavelength is, for example, 660nm, 895nm, 880nm, 905nm or 940nm, and the green light wavelength is about 510 nm to 560nm or 577nm, however, it should be noted that, in practical use, depending on the purpose, other wavelengths of light sources may be used, for example, when only the heart rate is to be obtained, other visible light sources having a wavelength less than green light, that is, visible light having a wavelength less than 580nm, for example, blue light, may be selected, and besides using a single light source having a specific wavelength, a composite light source including the wavelength, for example, white light, may be used; furthermore, when the heart rate is obtained, a plurality of light sources (without limitation, green light sources may be used, or light sources with other wavelengths may be used) may be provided to eliminate noise, such as environmental noise, noise generated by body movement during wearing, etc., and the purpose of eliminating noise is achieved by performing digital signal processing, such as Adaptive Filter (Adaptive Filter) or calculation by subtracting each other, between PPG signals obtained from different light sources, so that the present invention is not limited.

The control unit at least includes Analog Front End (AFE) circuitry for performing, for example, analog-to-digital conversion, amplification, filtering, and other hardware and/or software for signal processing known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described herein since such is well known.

In addition, according to the utility model discloses a finger-worn type physiology inspection device can also include a wireless transmission module, for example, bluetooth, B L E, Zigbee, wiFi, RF or other communication protocol, and/or a USB interface, in order to carry out wireless communication with an external device, wherein, this external device can include, but not limited to, smart mobile phone, panel computer, notebook computer, personal computer, or intelligent wearing device, for example, intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet, smart glasses etc. and wireless communication makes information can exchange between the device, also makes operations such as information repayment, remote control, and monitoring can carry out.

Furthermore, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention may further include a power module, such as a button cell (button cell), an alkaline battery, or a rechargeable lithium battery, or, alternatively, a charging module, such as an inductive charging circuit, or, alternatively, a USB port or a pogo pin (pogo pin), and further, optionally, an information providing unit, preferably, an L CD or L ED display module, for displaying, for example, statistical information, analysis results, stored events, operation modes, processes, battery status, or more information, and a data storage unit, preferably, a memory, such as a Random Access Memory (RAM), or an internal flash memory, or a removable memory disk, for storing the obtained physiological signals/information.

In addition, it should be noted that, in general, the wearable physiological detection device can be divided into two types, one is a form in which the control unit and the optical sensor are separately disposed in different housings and electrically connected through a connection line, and the other is a form in which the control unit and the optical sensor are disposed in the same housing.

Then, according to the utility model discloses a finger-worn formula physiology detection device still can include a finger-worn structure for set up the light sensor on the finger to make this at least light sensor can be set up on finger skin surface steadily, and then ensure the acquireing of blood physiology information.

As described above, the present invention is intended to provide a physiological measurement device which can improve the comfort level when worn and can respond to the needs of users to achieve the purpose of all-weather use, and therefore, the present invention is directed to a physiological measurement device having a different design from the prior art in terms of the overall structure and the arrangement of the internal components.

Firstly, in terms of overall structure, the utility model discloses the application is preferably to divide the ring into two parts: the finger fixing device comprises an inflexible part and a flexible part, wherein the inflexible part is used for carrying the light sensor, and the flexible part is used for fixing the inflexible part on the finger. The reason for this configuration is as follows:

as is well known, a closed circular or open C-shaped ring is a shape that is often used for a ring of a general ring, and although the cross section of a human finger is not a perfect circle, when the ring is used only for decoration, it is sufficient to ensure that the ring does not fall off, and the shape matching between the two is not absolutely necessary.

For example, in the case of a hard ring, it is usually considered most important to prevent the ring from falling off by passing through the joints of the finger when the ring is worn by many people due to the difference in circumference between the joints and the non-joint parts, so that after the ring passes through the joints, it is often the case that the ring surrounds the knuckles in a loose condition, which is the least desirable condition for physiological measurements, because, in general, the smaller the gap between the light sensor and the skin, the better the signal obtained, and particularly preferably, according to research, the better the effect will be achieved if light pressure can be applied to the light sensor to make it more fit the skin; in addition, the fingers of the human body may change different sizes at any time according to different physiological conditions, for example, the body circulation state, the body fat and the body thin may affect the finger circumference size, for example, as is known, the finger circumference may change obviously even within the same day, so the inflexible nature of the general hard ring cannot adapt to the dynamically changing finger circumference, and the pressure contacting the skin cannot be adjusted, so that it is difficult to obtain a stable and good signal. This is why it is difficult to ensure the stability of the optical sensor and the quality of the acquired signal even if the ring-type physiological detection device of the related art provides a wide range of product sizes.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a solution to this problem by using a flexible portion and an adjustable ring design.

Please refer to fig. 3A-3B, which are schematic diagrams illustrating an adjustable finger physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, having two free ends, a first free end 101 and a second free end 102, i.e. when not being disposed on a finger, the adjustable finger physiological detection device is in an open band shape, and when the adjustable finger physiological detection device is to be disposed on a finger for measurement, a ring body is formed by combining the first free end and the second free end to be disposed on the finger; therefore, at least a portion of the finger-worn structure, especially the first free end and the second free end that need to be bent to form the ring body, can be made of flexible materials, such as silicone, rubber, bendable plastic, cloth, etc., without limitation, and can not only be bent to match with a finger, but also apply force to the finger through elasticity and/or flexibility of the material itself, thereby facilitating fixation and optical sensor installation.

In this case, the curvature of the flexible portion can be different from that of the inflexible portion, so that the ring is not limited to a fixed shape of a conventional hard ring, which is generally a perfect circle, and thus the ring is very helpful to improve the fit between the whole ring and the surface of the finger.

Then, in order to make the first free end and the second free end combine with each other to form a ring body, the first free end and the second free end are provided with an adjusting mechanism, a first adjusting mechanism and a second adjusting mechanism, which are matched with each other, as shown in fig. 3A-3B and fig. 4, the first free end is provided with a positioning member, and the second free end is provided with a plurality of positioning structures, so that when the positioning member and the positioning structures are combined with each other, the finger-wearing structure can form a ring body.

The advantage of such design is that when the positioning member is combined with the positioning structures at different positions, the size of the formed ring body is different and has different circumferential lengths, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the size of the ring body and adapting to different finger sizes, such as different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users, or the same finger at different times, thereby being not limited to the purchased size, which is very advantageous.

Consequently, through the use of adjustable size's ring body and flexible material, according to the utility model discloses the structure is worn to the finger with adjustable application not only can accomplish light sensor's configuration when wearing the completion, can also produce the application of force towards the finger cross section centre of a circle to the finger of wearing naturally, and then makes light sensor reach the state of stably laminating finger skin, is the mode of possessing advantages considerably.

There are various possibilities for the implementation of the positioning element and the positioning structure. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3A-3B, the band of the adjustable finger-worn structure is implemented to have a plurality of holes, wherein at least one column 103 is disposed on the first free end 101 as a positioning member, and the hole on the second free end 102 is used as a positioning hole 104, and optionally, the front end of the at least one column passing through the positioning hole may further have a positioning limiting portion 1031 with a width slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning hole to help the at least one column to be fixed, so that the adjustable finger-worn structure can form a ring body by passing the at least one column through the positioning hole on the second free end to be sleeved on a finger, and the ring body with different circumferential sizes can be formed by passing the at least one column through different positioning holes, which is convenient in operation use, wherein the at least one column can be implemented as a plurality of columns, the positioning hole may be a cylinder, a corner post, a square post, or the like, and the positioning hole may be a hole having a shape similar to that of the positioning hole.

In addition, the first free end can also be provided with a distribution of holes 105, so that the at least one column can be removable, and as shown in the figure, the column is locked in the holes, thus providing the possibility of self-adjusting the position of the user, and in addition, the two belts have symmetrical appearance, improving the aesthetic feeling, and meanwhile, the plurality of holes are also beneficial to improving the air permeability and improving the comfort.

In addition, the method can be further implemented by additionally arranging the hole 105 outside the positioning hole to further achieve the effect of improving the air permeability, particularly, the hand is a part with frequent activity, besides the effects of fitting and sampling, various problems possibly encountered by long-time wearing need to be considered, so that the contact area between the belt body and the skin is reduced, the stuffiness possibly generated by wearing can be effectively reduced, and in addition, the implementation mode is suitable for various materials, such as silica gel, rubber, fabric and the like, so the method is a very advantageous choice; in addition, the fine adjustment effect of the finger wearing structure can be provided, because the limiting force of the band body in the length axial direction is reduced due to the arrangement of the holes, and besides the effect of flexibility, the effect of small-range elastic expansion is additionally generated, and the effect is favorable for enabling the finger wearing structure to be more fit with fingers, is also equal to enabling the optical sensor carried by the inflexible part to be more stably close to the skin, particularly, the best effect of slightly applying pressure on the optical sensor can be realized, and the size of the formed ring body can be more suitable for the possible slight change of the finger size in daily life.

In particular, based on the difference between the finger sizes and the finger sizes of different users, as the ring is subdivided into a plurality of sizes in the market, and the smaller cross section perimeter of the finger makes the adjustable range small, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of each hole and the distance between adjacent holes have the optimal range, for example, the diameter of the hole is preferably between 0.5-1.5 mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is preferably between 2-3 mm, and after the experiment, the applicant finds that such distance configuration can adapt to fingers of various sizes without any break.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the positioning element and the positioning structure are implemented as a hook and loop fastener 201 and a hook and loop fastener 202 on the belt body of the adjustable finger-wearing structure, wherein the loop fastener can be continuously arranged, for example, a section of loop fastener can be arranged, or the belt body can be formed by using a fabric with a loop fastener effect, which can be adapted to various sizes of fingers, regardless of the type, and therefore, there is no limitation, and in one embodiment, the belt body can be further implemented by using a fabric with flexibility, for example, a fabric containing lycra fibers, which can provide a small-range flexibility effect by using the fabric itself, and also help the finger-wearing structure to fit the fingers, and help to minimize the gap between the optical sensor and the skin, thereby achieving an optimal setting state of slight pressure application, furthermore, in an embodiment, a hole may be formed in the cloth and the shell may be fixed by engaging the shell therein, so as to further simplify the manufacturing process.

It should be noted that the above embodiments of the flexible portion are only used as examples and not as limitations, and any flexible finger-wearing structure with adjustable size of the formed ring body and elasticity is not limited by the scope of the present invention.

On the other hand, the utility model discloses except that the application adopts flexible part to reach arbitrary change ring body size and provide stable fixed laminating strength, and scalable elasticity comes to reach the effect of slightly exerting pressure to the light sensor, the cooperation has also adopted inflexible part, casing 100 as shown in fig. 3A-3B and fig. 4, one provides the guard action, for example, can prevent pressure damage such as light sensor, circuit, two provide fixed relative position between light emitting source and photo detector, then the hard characteristic of accessible further makes through the produced centripetal application of force of flexible part can the average distribution, let the contact between light sensor and finger more evenly stable, and then avoid the unstable condition of contact surface that probably produces when setting up in flexible part like prior art.

First, in response to the design of the finger-worn structure with the flexible portion, the light source and the light detector disposed in the non-flexible portion of the present invention are disposed adjacent to each other, as shown in fig. 12A-12C, such as the distance is less than 8mm, and preferably disposed on the same plane, so that the relative position between the light source and the light detector will not change no matter how the size of the formed ring changes, thereby improving the potential uncertainty of the displacement caused by the change of the finger size in the prior art, and also making the sampling stability much higher.

It should be noted that the sampling method in which the light sources and the photodetectors are disposed adjacently is the so-called reflective sampling method, however, as mentioned above, the present invention can be applied to a plurality of light sources and/or photodetectors, so that the emitting and receiving angles of the light can be different according to different arrangement modes, and there are various possible implementation modes, so as to provide a light barrier (light barrier) that is disposed between each light source and photodetector and is used to prevent the light from the light sources from directly leaking to the photodetector without passing through the human body, thereby causing the output signal to be easily saturated.

There are many possibilities for the combination of the flexible portion and the non-flexible portion. In one embodiment, the finger-worn structure is implemented to have a receiving space 300, as shown in fig. 5, for receiving a housing 100, in which the optical sensor, the control unit, and other circuit components are disposed, so that the receiving space and the housing form an inflexible part due to the rigidity of the housing, wherein the housing can be implemented to have an inner space for receiving the circuit components, or can be implemented to form a hard shell by filling the circuit with a degradable material such as resin, and optionally can be implemented to be removable; alternatively, as shown in fig. 9A, the accommodating space may be engaged with the outer structure of the casing of the inflexible part to achieve the effect of limiting and fixing, and therefore, there is no limitation.

In addition, the first free end and the second free end can also be implemented to be combined with opposite sides of the housing, so that the housing alone forms the inflexible part, in which case there are also many possibilities.

For example, in one embodiment, as shown in the cross-sectional views of the flexible portion and the non-flexible portion and the schematic view of the flexible portion in fig. 6A-6H, the connection between the two can be achieved by using the connection holes 401 and the connection posts 402, in fig. 6A-6D, the connection posts are implemented on a housing 100 of the non-flexible portion, while the connection holes are implemented on the flexible portion 400, so that the flexible portion can be fixed on the housing by passing the connection posts on the housing through the connection holes on the flexible portion; in addition, in fig. 6E-6H, the coupling post is carried by another coupling member 403, in this case, the housing and the flexible portion are respectively provided with coupling holes for the coupling post to pass through and achieve a fixing effect, for example, the coupling member can be made of a material and a structure to achieve a mutual interference effect, and the coupling member can also be implemented to pass through the coupling hole from left to right in the drawings without limitation, instead of passing through the coupling hole from left to right in the drawings as shown in fig. 6E-6H.

And particularly, the combination column and the combination hole are arranged in such a manner that the long axis direction of the combination column is approximately parallel to the normal direction of the surface of the finger wearing part, and the surface of the hole of the combination hole formed on the flexible portion is approximately perpendicular to the normal direction of the surface of the finger wearing part, and in such a manner, either combination or disassembly from each other can be conveniently achieved, which is an advantageous option.

In addition, the front end of the combination column passing through the combination hole can further have a combination limiting part 4021 with a width larger than the diameter of the combination hole to help the combination column to be fixed and limited, for example, L shape (FIG. 6C) or T shape (FIG. 6A) or other shapes (FIGS. 6E and 6G) can be formed, the material of the combination piece has a wide selection range, for example, hard material such as metal and plastic or soft material with hardness adjusted to be higher such as rubber and silica gel can be used, and the combination hole and the combination column can be implemented in various shapes such as circle, square, polygon, asymmetric shape and the like, therefore, there is no limitation.

Alternatively, other forms may be used to achieve the combination, for example, fig. 7A shows the case of using the sliding slot, and fig. 7B shows the case of using the engaging portion, for example, a rotating shaft, such as a metal rotating shaft, may be provided to engage with the housing on both sides; in addition, the combination between the two can be completed at the same time of manufacturing through the structural design, for example, the housing can be divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the belt body can be directly clamped between the upper part and the lower part, or the combination between the belt body and the housing can be realized by using an embedding and injecting mode.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned various combination structures can be implemented on both sides of the housing, or on one side, or different combination structures can be used on both sides, so that there are various possibilities, and even if the derivative structure changes according to the above-mentioned embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited as long as the combination and fixation between the two can be achieved.

Still further, preferably, the inflexible part may be implemented to have an inner concave surface to be close to the ergonomic structure of the finger, that is, the outer circumference of the cross section at the finger placement position, for example, the inner concave surface is at least partially overlapped with the outer circumference of the cross section of the finger, and the overlapped portion at least includes the placement position of the optical sensor, so that the optical sensor disposed on the inflexible part can be more smoothly close to the surface of the finger through the inner concave surface, thereby making the acquisition of the physiological information more stable.

Here, the inner concave surface is not limited to be in any form, for example, it may be in an arc shape, a polygonal shape, an irregular shape, etc., and it is preferable that the inner concave surface is further provided with shape changes at the position where the light sensor 500 is disposed, for example, it may be partially implemented as a plane (fig. 8A) or a protrusion (fig. 8B), etc., so as to enhance the adhesion and contact stability of the light sensor and the skin, and also to improve the quality of the sampling signal. Therefore, the key point is that the space formed by the inner recess can accommodate a finger, and the optical sensor disposed on the inner recess surface can achieve stable contact with the finger, so the shape is not limited to the above-mentioned shapes.

When the inflexible part is implemented with a concave surface, in addition to the generally conventional flat batteries, such as rectangular batteries, button batteries, in one embodiment, preferably, arc-shaped batteries may also be used, which more closely conforms to the curvature of the fingers, which helps to reduce the thickness of the inflexible part.

When the inflexible part is implemented with a concave surface, the concave surface preferably forms a curvature that can accommodate different finger sizes, e.g., different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users, for example, a size distribution of a typical ring can be selected to fall within a range of sizes in the middle, e.g., U.S. ring size No. 10-12, and can be varied based on the curvature, and the light sensor is disposed at a single location, e.g., in the middle of the concave surface, so that the size in the middle is larger, which can ensure that a thicker finger size can fit in, and can also allow good contact between the inflexible part with the light sensor and a finger of a smaller size, which can help to expand the range of applicable finger sizes.

It is also important that the length of the non-flexible portion of the inner concave surface in the long axis direction, i.e., the curvature, covers the periphery of the finger cross section, for example, too large a coverage may result in a smaller range of finger sizes that can be accommodated, and too small a coverage may result in a lower stability and positioning, so it is preferable to select a range covering about 180 degrees, or about 120 degrees, or about 90 degrees, or a suitable range between 60-210 degrees, for example, without limitation, of the periphery of the finger cross section.

Therefore, as long as the shape, volume and the like of the shell are suitable for finger ergonomics, the inflexible part can be arranged on the surface of a finger by adjusting the size of the flexible ring body of the finger wearing structure and elastically fine-tuning the fitting degree even if a hard shell such as plastic is adopted, and the inflexible part is also very advantageous to production and manufacture.

It is also feasible that the inflexible part can also be implemented without a concave surface, as shown in fig. 5 and 9A, in which case, as long as the bottom of the inflexible part can be limited within the range of the width of a common finger, different finger sizes can be accommodated by the advantages of the use of the flexible part with adjustable size, and the optical sensor disposed thereunder can also have good and stable contact with the finger and obtain the required signal without causing excessive burden on the wearing finger, therefore, it is a feasible way, and the description of the embodiment mainly based on the inflexible part with a concave surface follows, and it is also applicable to the inflexible part without a concave surface without limitation.

In order to make the light from the light source enter the finger and reflect back to the light detector, the material disposed between the light sensor and the finger should be transparent, that is, the material transparent to the wavelength of the light source emitted by the light source, such as transparent lenses (lenses), transparent packaging material, a part of the transparent casing, etc., without limitation.

On the other hand, because the physiological detection device of the present invention adopts the ring-like form surrounding the finger, the wearing position generally falls on the proximal phalanx or the knuckle where the middle phalanx is located, as shown in fig. 9A, however, without limitation, the size of the flexible part adopted by the present invention can be adjusted, and the force application and the slight elastic expansion toward the center of the cross section of the finger can be provided, even if the device is arranged on the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located, as shown in fig. 9B, the device can easily achieve a good fixing effect, and in order to further ensure the stability of the arrangement, when the device is arranged on the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located, the finger wearing structure can further have an anti-falling part 601, as shown in fig. 9C, to provide a more comfortable use experience; in addition, when the finger tip is installed, it is also preferable that, in addition to the adjustable finger wearing structure illustrated in fig. 3A-3B, a stretchable fabric is used as the flexible portion, and the hook surface and the hair surface of the hook and loop fastener are used as the positioning member and the positioning structure, so as to achieve the stable attaching effect by the flexible property of the fabric.

Furthermore, the finger-worn structure can be implemented in a replaceable manner, for example, by combining a plurality of finger-worn structures with the same housing, by replacing with different strap lengths, and/or by replacing with different adjustment mechanisms, etc., to accommodate a wide range of size differences of various fingers and finger positions, such as the difference in thickness of male and female fingers, the difference in size between thicker and thinner fingers of the same user, and the difference in size between the knuckle where the proximal phalanx is located and the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located, for example, as shown in fig. 6A to 6H, the user can easily perform the combination and release between the flexible portion and the non-flexible portion by manual operation, so that the replacement of different lengths can be performed, and in particular, when such a conveniently replaceable structure is employed, the non-flexible portion is even implemented without both free ends, as shown in fig. 6C-6D and 6G-6H, it is also a quite advantageous form to provide a plurality of length options and to allow the user to select the length that best fits the size of his finger for installation. Accordingly, there are various possibilities, which are not limited by the illustrated embodiments.

As can be seen from the distribution of blood vessels in the finger (see FIG. 10) and the cross-sectional views of the finger in FIGS. 11A-11C, the distribution of blood vessels in the artery of the finger is located on both sides of the finger towards the center of the palm, i.e., on the lower half of the finger cross-section.

In this case, if the blood oxygen concentration and other physiological information are to be obtained, as mentioned above, two wavelength light sources can be used, such as two wavelength green light, or infrared light and red light, and it is preferable to arrange the light sensor on the lower half of the finger cross section to ensure that the incident light and reflected light path passes through the artery to ensure that sufficient signal quality is obtained, on the other hand, if only the pulse rate/heart rate is to be obtained, a single wavelength light source, such as green light, infrared light, red light, etc., can be arranged on the upper half or lower half of the finger cross section, that is, the blood oxygen concentration can be obtained with more strict limitation, besides the two wavelength light sources, the light sensor needs to be arranged on the lower half of the finger cross section near the artery, on the other hand, the pulse rate/heart rate can be obtained only by a single wavelength light source, the limit of the sampling position is small, however, a plurality of or multiple wavelengths of light sources can be added to obtain better signal quality, so the method is not limited.

And so two kinds of detection demands that the difference is very huge are difficult to utilize same kind of detection device to reach usually among the prior art, nevertheless through the utility model discloses an adjustable finger-worn physiology detection device, such target becomes feasible promptly.

This is because the adjustable finger-worn physiological detecting device of the present invention is formed by combining the inflexible part and the flexible part capable of adjusting the size of the ring body, so that the inflexible part can change different setting positions according to the change of the measurement requirement, i.e. dynamically change the measurement position, and therefore, under the condition that the light source selection, the configuration position, and the operation mode are matched with each other, the two measurements can be performed without being limited to a single measurement mode, thereby realizing the finger-worn physiological detecting device used in all weather.

In practical applications, for example, as shown in fig. 11A-11C, different physiological information can be obtained by simply moving the position of the inflexible part according to the type of the physiological information to be obtained, so that the requirement of detecting blood oxygen concentration or other blood physiological information can be satisfied, for example, when the blood oxygen concentration is required, the inflexible part can be moved to make the optical sensor fall at the position of the artery 701, that is, the lower half of the cross section of the finger 700, for example, rotated 90 degrees to the side (fig. 11A), or rotated a larger angle to the finger abdomen (fig. 11B), so that the optical sensor can accurately obtain the signal from the position of the blood vessel, and when other blood physiological information is required, for example, the heart rate, the limitation of the sampling position becomes smaller, for example, the upper half of the finger cross section (fig. 11C) can also be obtained, which is quite convenient; furthermore, it is possible to shift the position of the inflexible part according to the timing of use, the kind of signal to be obtained, and the difference in signal quality, for example, with the same index finger, the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located is the common blood oxygen concentration obtaining position, and even if the optical sensor is disposed at the upper half of the knuckle where the distal phalanx is located, it is possible to obtain blood oxygen concentration (fig. 9B, 9C), while the knuckle where the proximal phalanx or middle phalanx is located is suitable for wearing during daily activities (fig. 9A).

Therefore, the elasticity provided by the flexible part and the characteristic that the two free ends can mutually adjust the combination position and achieve the dynamic adjustment of the size of the ring body can obtain good fixation no matter where the non-flexible part is arranged on the finger, the fit between the optical sensor and the skin is stable, and the signal quality is ensured.

Therefore, the adjustable finger-worn physiological detecting device provided by the present invention can be used to obtain high quality physiological signals and suitable physiological information in all weather, for example, during daytime activities, in order to not obstruct the hand movements, the optical sensor can be disposed on the top half of the finger cross section to obtain heart rate, etc. to let the user understand the physiological changes during activities, and also to conveniently view various information provided by the information providing unit, furthermore, the shape is similar to that of a common ring, and is beautiful and unobtrusive, and is suitable for daily use, on the other hand, during sleeping, because the hand movement needs less, even if the optical sensor is disposed on the bottom half of the finger cross section or disposed on the knuckle of the distal phalanx, at this time, besides heart rate, the blood oxygen concentration can be further obtained, to learn more sleep-related information, such as whether sleep apnea symptoms occurred during sleep and sleep quality.

Moreover, even if there is a need for monitoring blood oxygen concentration during daytime activities, since the size of the formed ring can be freely adjusted, measurement can be performed by changing the arrangement position, for example, the ring is usually worn on ring finger when measuring heart rate, and when there is a need for measuring blood oxygen concentration, the ring can be changed to, for example, the index finger or the thumb, in addition to being directly rotated down to the lower half of the finger for measurement, the inflexible part can be placed by using a larger space between the two fingers which does not affect the grip of the hand, for example, the index finger faces the side of the thumb, so that even long-time measurement is possible, the limit of the use time is broken, and the thicker blood vessel in the index finger or the thumb has a larger blood flow, so that a signal with a better signal-to-noise Ratio (S/N Ratio) can be provided, and in addition, if only short-time measurement is needed, the ring can be moved to the knuckle where the distal phalanx is, the same is feasible, and the operation can be easily finished only by adjusting the combination position of the belt body, which is quite advantageous.

Therefore, the portable physiological detection device is simple and convenient to operate and has multiple functions for a user.

The following describes how to configure the light sources and the photodetectors to achieve the effect of maximizing the functions.

Since the main objective of the present invention is to obtain the desired physiological information of blood under any circumstances, it is important how to select and arrange the light sources and how to arrange the light detectors.

In one embodiment, the wearable physiological detection device of the present invention is implemented as a light source with three wavelengths, for example, a first light source generating light with a first wavelength, such as an infrared light source, a second light source generating light with a second wavelength, such as a red light source, and a third light source generating light with a third wavelength, such as a green light source, for example, fig. 12A-12C show the possible arrangement of three wavelength light sources and photodetectors, wherein in fig. 12A, a single infrared light source 81 and a single red light source 82 with one of the photodetectors 91 are used to obtain blood oxygen concentration, and a single green light source 83 is implemented as two and used with the other photodetector 92 to obtain heart rate; in FIG. 12B, an infrared light source 81, a red light source 82, and a green light source 83, respectively, and a single photodetector 90 are used to obtain blood oxygen concentration and heart rate; in fig. 12C, a single photodetector 90 obtains the blood oxygen concentration with a single red light source 82 and a single infrared light source 81, and also obtains the heart rate with three green light sources 83.

In other embodiments, the three-wavelength light source can be implemented as other options, for example, the light of the first wavelength, the light of the second wavelength, and the light of the third wavelength are all implemented as green light, or the light of the first wavelength and the light of the second wavelength are implemented as green light and the light of the third wavelength are implemented as infrared light or red light, and therefore, there is no limitation; furthermore, the arrangement of the light sources and the light detectors is also used as an example, and there may be different arrangements according to actual requirements, and there is no limitation.

It can be seen from the above that, the green light emitting device is implemented as a plurality of, for example, two or three light emitting devices, and the arrangement of the light emitting devices has an advantage that, since the heart rate is measured during daily activities, there is a high probability that the hand movement and shaking will affect the adhesion between the light sensor and the skin, so that the arrangement of the light emitting devices can achieve the effect of further compensation, when the light emitted by one of the light emitting devices cannot be reflected into the light detector smoothly, a light emitting device at another position can be used, or when a plurality of light emitting devices can obtain signals, the reflection path can be increased, which is helpful for obtaining signals with good signal-to-noise ratio and high quality, and thus, the light emitting devices can be used for obtaining signals or physiological information positively.

In another embodiment, the light sources are implemented as light sources with two wavelengths, such as red light and infrared light, as mentioned above, besides obtaining the blood oxygen concentration, the red light or infrared light can also be used to obtain the heart rate, or the light sources are implemented as green light with two wavelengths, which is also suitable for the novel implementation of the present invention that can dynamically move the position of the inflexible part.

In addition, in the selection of the photo detector, when detecting the blood oxygen concentration, since the environment contains other light sources, it is preferable that the photo detector receiving the infrared light is selected to have a smaller size to avoid saturation due to the ambient light; on the other hand, the photodetector for receiving green light can be selected to have a larger size to increase the effective reflected light, and further a process of blocking other light sources, such as low-frequency infrared light, is adopted to obtain a signal with a better S/N ratio.

Therefore, there are various variations in the selection and number of the wavelengths of the light sources, and the implementation form is not limited as long as the effect of obtaining the desired physiological information is achieved.

Here, it should be noted that, according to the hand blood vessel distribution diagram of fig. 10 and the finger sectional diagram of fig. 11, the center of the finger is the phalanx 702, so when it is disposed on the upper half of the finger cross section to obtain the heart rate, for example, using green light or infrared light, it is preferable to avoid the position of the middle center, and to dispose on the left and right sides of the upper half of the finger with abundant physiological tissues and high blood flow to obtain signals with better signal noise; in addition, it is preferable to arrange the plurality of light sources parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the blood vessel, i.e. the long axis direction of the finger, so that the difference of the paths passing through the blood vessel between different light sources is reduced, which helps to achieve the improvement of signal quality.

Furthermore, according to the utility model discloses a wear-type physiology detection device, except utilizing light sensor to obtain blood physiology information, also can be equipped with other physiology sensing element to obtain other physiology information.

In one embodiment, the electrophysiological signals can be obtained by providing electrodes electrically connected to the control unit, wherein the electrodes can be disposed on the surface of the inner side of the ring contacting the finger, or on the surface of the outer side of the ring, for example, when the electrodes are disposed on both the inner side and the outer side, the measurement of the electrocardiographic signals can be performed by contacting the outer electrode with other parts of the body, such as the body, the other upper limb, the lower limb, the head, etc.; when two electrodes are arranged on the inner side, the skin electrical signal can be obtained from the finger, and the rotating action is particularly needed in the case, because the skin electrical signal is the skin impedance which is changed along with the sweat gland state determined by the activity of sympathetic nerves in autonomic nerves, and the inner side of the hand has rich sweat gland distribution, namely the lower half part of the transverse section of the finger, the electrode can be freely rotated to the lower half part of the transverse section of the finger through the rotating action, and the acquisition of the skin electrical signal is more facilitated.

Therefore, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention can be implemented to obtain different kinds of physiological signals according to different installation positions of the inflexible part, for example, in the case that the inflexible part is provided with the optical sensor and the electrode, blood physiological signals and electrophysiological signals can be obtained by changing positions, for example, heart rate and skin electrical signals can be obtained in the upper and lower finger halves, or blood oxygen concentration and electrocardiosignals can be obtained in the lower finger half and the upper and lower finger halves, or electrocardiosignals of different heart projection angles can be obtained, for example, when the inflexible part is arranged in the upper finger half, another hand can be used to touch the exposed electrode outside the finger for obtaining the electrocardiosignal of the heart projection angle formed by the two upper limbs, i.e., the lead I in the limb, and when the finger is arranged in the lower finger half, it is convenient to operate, the exposed electrode can be touched by the wearing device to contact the body, thus the lead of the finger can be obtained to form the electrocardiogram signal corresponding lead 3556A, such as the electrocardiogram signal of the lead L a-6, and the electrocardiogram signal can be implemented for daily monitoring of the heart.

In another embodiment, a temperature sensor may be provided to obtain the body temperature information and/or the ambient temperature information of the user, especially in a ring form, so that the user has a high probability of using the ring in daily life, thereby monitoring the daily body temperature change, helping the user know the physiological change of the user, or providing the ambient temperature change.

It should be noted that the physiological information available on the upper half of the finger includes, but is not limited to, heart rate/pulse rate, electrocardiographic information, myoelectric information, etc., and the physiological information available on the lower half of the finger includes, but is not limited to, blood oxygen concentration, heart rate/pulse rate, electrodermal information, electrocardiographic information, myoelectric information, temperature, etc., so that the above combinations are merely illustrative, but not limited to, and can be selected according to actual use requirements.

In another embodiment, accelerometers, such as three-axis (MEMS) accelerometers, may be added to define the attitude of the device in three dimensions, which is directly related to the body attitude of the user, wherein the accelerometers return acceleration values measured in all three dimensions, x, y and z, from which various information about attitude and movement can be derived, such as the daily activities (e.g., distance traveled, steps taken, calories consumed, etc.) of the user during daily life; during the sleep period, the information about the body movement, such as turning over, falling asleep or not, sleep state and the like, can be provided by knowing the activity of the hands, which is not only helpful for knowing the body state of the user, but also can be used as an aid in interpreting other physiological signals, for example, an adaptive filter is used to remove noise generated by the body movement in the PPG signal, thereby making a more accurate determination.

According to another aspect, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention is also suitable for use during sleep.

As mentioned above, the physiological information of blood, such as pulse rate/heart rate, blood oxygen concentration, and thoraco-abdominal respiration fluctuation, can be obtained according to the PPG signals obtained by the optical sensor, and the blood information is also helpful for interpreting physiological phenomena during many sleep periods, for example, in the field of sleep research, a symptom of sleep disordered breathing is considered to be a serious symptom, and the physiological information of blood provided by the optical sensor is helpful for understanding sleep disordered breathing.

One type of Sleep disordered Breathing is Sleep Apnea (Sleep Apnea), which is generally of three types, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Central Sleep Apnea (CSA), and Mixed Sleep Apnea (MSA), hereinafter referred to collectively as respiratory events.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is characterized primarily by a reduction or cessation of respiratory airflow over a period of time during sleep due to a complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway, and is usually accompanied by a decrease in blood oxygen saturation (desaturation), OSA is a common sleep disordered breathing condition affecting about 25-40% of the middle-aged population.

Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) is caused by problems in the mechanism by which the brain drives the muscles to breathe, causing a short cessation of the neural drive of the respiratory muscles, and these transients, varying from 10 seconds to 2 to 3 minutes, may last the entire night, and central sleep apnea, similar to obstructive sleep apnea, causes a gradual apnea during sleep, resulting in a brief arousal (arousal) of the individual from sleep and a simultaneous restoration of normal respiratory function, and also similar to obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea may cause cardiac arrhythmias, high blood pressure, heart disease, and heart failure.

Mixed Sleep Apnea (MSA) refers to a situation where both obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea occur in mixture.

The Apnea Hypoxia Index (AHI) is an indicator of the severity of sleep Apnea, which combines the number of apneas (apneas) and hypopneas (hypopneas) to give an overall sleep Apnea severity score that allows simultaneous assessment of the number of sleep (breathing) interruptions and the oxygen saturation level (blood oxygen level), wherein the AHI is calculated by dividing the total number of Apnea and hypopnea events by the number of sleep hours, typically the AHI value is divided into 5-15 mild per hour, 15-30 moderate per hour, and >30 severe per hour.

In addition to AHI, studies have shown that another important indicator for assessing or detecting sleep apnea is the Oxygen saturation unsaturation Index (ODI), which refers to the number of times the blood Oxygen level decreases from baseline to some extent per hour during sleep, and in general, ODI is represented by the number of times the Oxygen saturation decreases by 3% (ODI 3%) and the number of times the Oxygen saturation decreases by 4% (ODI 4%), unlike AHI, which also includes events that may cause sleep arousal (awaken) or arousal (arousal) but do not affect the Oxygen level.

Most OSA patients develop more OSA events in the supine sleeping position because the upper airway is more susceptible to gravity collapse when supine, which is formally diagnosed in the literature as postural OSA (posional OSA) based on the difference between the AHI value when supine and not supine being greater than a certain threshold, e.g., POSA is a common definition in which the AHI value when supine is greater than twice the AHI value when not supine; from studies, the prevalence of POSA decreases with increasing severity of OSA, while 70% to 80% of POSA patients have mild to moderate severity of OSA, with asian mild OSA patients being classified as POSA patients up to 87%.

Another common sleep disordered breathing is snoring, which affects 20% -40% of the general population, and the noise-producing symptoms are caused by the vibration of soft tissues caused by the airflow of the upper respiratory tract during sleep, and OSA and severe snoring have been studied and proved to be highly related to various clinical symptoms, such as daytime sleepiness, melancholia, hypertension formation, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and the like, wherein snoring is the most frequently accompanied symptom in OSA, and snoring is also widely considered as a precursor phenomenon of OSA, and the sleep posture also affects the severity of snoring symptoms based on the reason that the two causes are related to the physiological phenomenon of upper respiratory stenosis.

According to studies, it has been shown that, with the progress of upper airway stenosis, it is common that snoring related to a sleeping posture is first produced, and when it is more serious, snoring starts to easily occur even when the user is not lying on his back, and the snoring starts to progress to mild OSA, and the occurrence of snoring gradually decreases in relation to the sleeping posture, and further, the severity of OSA gradually changes from mild to moderate in relation to the sleeping posture, and finally to a severe situation that is less related to the sleeping posture.

Sleep Posture Training (SPT) is a method for treating POSA and postural snoring, and a new generation of posture Training devices has been developed in recent years, in which a posture sensor, such as an acceleration sensor, is installed on a central axis of a body, such as a neck, a chest or an abdomen, and when a user's sleeping posture is detected to be lying on his back, the user is prompted to change the sleeping posture to avoid lying on his back by generating a weak vibration alarm.

Such training is only of room for improvement, for example, due to different severity and individual physiological variability of OSA or snoring patients, providing a targeted training regimen and expected information about the training results before training if an evaluation function is provided; in addition, during the SPT period, if sleep and respiration information can also be provided, the parameter setting of the device can also be adjusted by the sleep and respiration information, so that the aim of improving the training effect is fulfilled.

The present invention provides a wearable physiological detection device, as mentioned above, the obtained PPG signal not only can obtain the blood oxygen concentration to calculate the ODI value, but also can cause the relative bradycardia and increase of PPG pulse wave amplitude due to the obstructive sleep apnea, and the heart rate is rapidly increased and the strong vasoconstriction happens after the respiratory obstruction is over, and according to the research, the report indicates that for the patient with sleep disordered breathing, the change is occurred compared with the heart rate (HR/PPI), and the respiratory event and arousal are more changed to PWA and/or PA.

As shown in fig. 13, PPI refers to Peak-to-Peak interval (Peak-to-Peak interval): which is defined as the time difference between two consecutive peaks in the PPG signal. First, the peak (peak. amp) of each cycle of the PPG signal is detected and the time stamps of all peak. amp points are stored in an array buffer, the PPI is calculated as the time difference between consecutive peak. amp points, a reasonable range of PPI values can be set for accurate results, e.g., PPI <0.5 seconds (>120 times/min) or PPI >1.5 seconds (<40 times/min) is considered abnormal and removed.

PWA refers to Pulse wave amplitude (Pulse wave amplitude): it is defined as the difference between the peak amplitude (peak. amp) and the trough amplitude (valley. amp), which are the maximum and minimum amplitude points per PPG cycle. First, all peak and valley amp points are detected as local maxima and minima of the PPG signal, and if a missing peak amp point occurs, the immediately following valley amp point is also discarded, and finally, PWA is calculated by subtracting valley amp from the immediately preceding peak amp. Since the peak and valley amp points are only detected in pairs, and are discarded otherwise, there will be no error in the PWA values due to one of them not being seen, and if there are any abnormal peak amp points, they are excluded by the filtering procedure mentioned in the PPI feature extraction.

PA refers to Pulse Area (Pulse Area): the pulse area represents the triangular region formed by a peak. Similar to the extraction of the PWA features, all peak and valley amp points are detected as local maxima and minima in the PPG signal, and since the time stamp (i.e., the number of samples per point) is also recorded, the pulse area can be calculated from each pulse waveform.

The respiration signal RIIV (respiration Induced Intensity Variation), which is caused by respiration-synchronized blood volume changes, can be filtered from the PPG signal by a band-pass filter (e.g., 0.13-0.48Hz, 16th degree Bessel filter) that suppresses heart-related changes in the PPG signal and frequencies below the respiration rate, such as sympathetic activity and reflex changes that reflect efferent vagal activity.

Therefore, in order to detect sleep apnea/hypopnea (hypo) events and their onset (onset), various respiratory event related information such as PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV from the light sensor derived from the PPG waveform may also be used as pointers.

In addition, the utility model discloses applying for the adoption of flexible portion, not only can letting the device set up on the finger steadily, even also be difficult for droing during sleep, stably obtain the PPG signal, also can let stable contact between light sensor and skin, promote signal quality, consequently, be fit for being applied to here fairly.

For example, in an embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention can be disposed on the central axis of the body, such as the chest, the abdomen, and the neck, and a posture detection device, such as a device having a control unit and an accelerometer, can further measure the posture change during sleep, such as lying on the back or not lying on the back, so as to determine the physiological information of blood, such as blood oxygen concentration, ODI value, PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV, etc., and the correlation with the posture of the sleeping body, thereby helping the user to know whether the breathing is posture sleep apnea and whether the training is suitable for the sleep posture.

Then, the user can know the various information through the information providing unit, for example, the information providing unit can be arranged on the finger-wearing type physiological detection device, or arranged on the posture detection device, or arranged on an external device, for example, a smart phone, a personal computer, a smart wearing device and the like, and the use is very convenient; furthermore, the calculation of the blood physiological information and/or the calculation of the correlation between the blood physiological information and the sleeping body posture may also be selectively performed on the finger-worn type physiological detection apparatus, the posture detection apparatus, and/or the external apparatus, without limitation.

Still further, in another embodiment, if a vibration module is added, for example, the vibration module is placed on a finger-worn physiological detection device or a posture detection device, the aforesaid sleep posture training can be provided, that is, when it is detected that the user is lying on his back, a vibration warning is provided to change the user to a non-lying posture, and besides the vibration warning can be generated according to the sleep posture obtained by the posture detection device, how the SPT is effective, for example, whether the occurrence frequency of sleep apnea events is reduced or not, can be obtained by the finger-worn physiological detection device, and can be used as a basis for adjusting vibration parameters, for example, intensity, frequency, duration, and the like, which is an advantageous combination.

In another embodiment, when the finger-worn physiological detection device comprises at least one light source, at least one light detector and a vibration module, the single use of the finger-worn physiological detection device can also achieve the effect of improving sleep disordered breathing. As described above, by analyzing the PPG signal to obtain the blood oxygen level/ODI value and/or the PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV and other respiratory event related information, it is possible to determine whether a respiratory event occurs and/or the start of a respiratory event, and if a vibration alarm is provided when a respiratory event occurs and/or the start of a respiratory event, for example, the blood oxygen level/ODI value and/or the respiratory event related information meets a predetermined condition, the user will be partially awakened or wakened and sleep apnea is interrupted, thereby preventing the sleep apnea state.

This way of monitoring the onset of sleep apnea and waking the user periodically and/or briefly, is a biofeedback (biofeedback) procedure to prevent sleep apnea, when the user repeatedly experiences sleep apnea, such vibration alerts will cause the patient to instinctively learn to take several deep breaths at the time of the respiratory event and resume sleep, and according to research and experimental studies, this conditioned reflex to alerts can effectively reduce or eliminate sleep apnea over a period of time.

Therefore, when the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention has a vibration module, it has the ability to perform such a physiological feedback procedure, providing another option for improving sleep disordered breathing.

In another embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention can be applied with another advantage by further providing a radio module to obtain the snore information during sleep. The sound receiving component can be a microphone which is arranged in a finger-wearing type physiological detection device worn on a finger or other devices which are arranged beside the user during sleeping, such as microphones in a smart phone, a tablet computer and the like, so that the breathing sound of the user during sleeping can be obtained, the snore information can be known, and then vibration warning can be generated according to whether the snore occurs, so that the user can be waken (and change the body posture) to further interrupt the snore; or, still further, a posture detection device can be added to accurately provide the relationship between the snoring and the body posture, which is helpful for adjusting the parameters of the vibration warning.

In addition, the vibration module can be used for executing waking actions, and the user can wake up from a sleep state by generating vibration, and the accelerometer can be used for acquiring information of the related sleep stage.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, no matter whether the analysis of the PPG signal, the determination of whether the respiratory event occurs, the determination of whether the vibration alarm is provided, and/or the parameter adjustment of the vibration alarm, etc., are achieved through various algorithms, and the various algorithms, without limitation, can be implemented as operations in the finger-worn physiological detection device, the posture detection device, and/or the external device, and through the arrangement of the wireless transmission module, wireless communication can be performed among a plurality of devices, so as to achieve the most convenient operation mode of the user, so that the operation mode can be changed according to actual needs, without limitation.

In summary, according to the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention, through the novel design of the finger-worn structure, the function of adjusting the size of the ring body in accordance with different finger sizes is achieved, and at the same time, the fine adjustment effect is provided, besides the finger circumference which can be more dynamically changed is better fitted, the purpose of applying slight pressure to the optical sensor to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained signal is further achieved, and the design of the finger-worn physiological detection device is formed by combining the inflexible part and the flexible part, so that the stability of the arrangement of the optical sensor is improved, which is equivalent to ensuring the quality of the obtained physiological signal, and the sampling variability brought by the arrangement position of the inflexible part on the finger can be changed according to the requirement at any time, for example, during the daytime activity and during the sleep period, and in addition, the advantages of the use can be obtained by combining the inflexible part and the flexible, the present invention provides a new and improved technical solution for the above-mentioned problems.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be limited to the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, simple improvements and the like made in the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. A finger-worn physiological apparatus, comprising:

a housing;

an adjustable finger-wearing structure for forming a ring body surrounding a finger of a user and disposing the housing on the finger, wherein the adjustable finger-wearing structure comprises a first free end and a second free end, and the ring bodies with different sizes can be formed according to different mutual combination positions of the first free end and the second free end;

a control unit;

at least one light source and at least one light detector electrically connected to the control unit and arranged on the surface of the shell;

a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and

a vibration module;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

during the sleep period of the user, the control unit obtains the blood physiological signal of the user through the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector, and can obtain the respiratory event related information of the user according to the blood physiological signal, an

The vibration module generates vibration according to the respiratory event related information so as to generate vibration warning for the user.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the respiratory event related information comprises at least one of: pulse peak-to-peak spacing, pulse amplitude, pulse area, and respiration-induced blood volume intensity changes.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the at least one light source is implemented as at least two light sources, and the blood physiological signal is further used as a basis for deriving the blood oxygen concentration of the user.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the control unit further derives at least one respiratory event and/or an onset of the at least one respiratory event according to the respiratory event related information and/or blood oxygen concentration.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the vibration module is further implemented to generate a vibration alert based on the at least one respiratory event and/or the initiation of the at least one respiratory event.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the control unit wirelessly communicates with another device via the wireless transmission module, and the another device includes an accelerometer and is disposed on the medial axis of the user's body to obtain at least one of the following physiological information of the user during sleep, including: sleeping body position, and sleep stages.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the vibration module further generates a vibration alert based on the sleeping body position.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sound receiving component for obtaining snore information of the user during sleep.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the sound receiving component is implemented as one of the following, comprising: the wireless transmission module is arranged in the shell, is electrically connected to the control unit and is arranged in an external device, and the external device is in wireless communication with the control unit through the wireless transmission module.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the vibration module is further configured to generate a vibration alert based on the snore information.

11. A finger-worn physiological system, comprising:

a first physiological detection device, comprising:

an inflexible part comprising:

a first control unit;

at least one light source and at least one light detector electrically connected to the first control unit; and

a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the first control unit; and

a flexible portion configured to be coupled with the inflexible portion and form a ring surrounding a finger of a user such that the inflexible portion is disposed on the finger;

a second physiological sensing device comprising:

a shell body, a first side wall and a second side wall,

a second control unit;

an accelerator electrically connected to the second control unit; and

a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the second control unit; and

an information providing unit for providing the information of the user,

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

during a sleep period of the user, the first control unit obtains a blood physiological signal of the user through the at least one luminous source and the at least one light detector, and the second control unit obtains body posture information of the user during the sleep period through the accelerometer; and

the blood physiological signal is used as a basis to obtain at least one piece of blood physiological information; and

the relationship between the at least one blood physiological information and the body posture information is provided to the user through the information providing unit.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one blood physiological information comprises at least one of: blood oxygen concentration, oxygen saturation index, and respiratory event related information, and wherein the respiratory event related information comprises at least one of: peak-to-peak separation, pulse amplitude, pulse area, and respiration-induced blood volume intensity change.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the respiratory event related information and/or the blood oxygen concentration is used to derive at least one respiratory event and/or the onset of at least one respiratory event.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising a vibration module for generating a vibration alert based on the at least one respiratory event and/or the initiation of the at least one respiratory event.

15. The system of claim 11, further comprising a vibration module for generating a vibration alert when the body posture information corresponds to the user being in a supine posture.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the vibration module is implemented to be disposed in one of the following, comprising: the first physiological detection device, and the second physiological detection device.

17. The system of claim 11, further comprising a snore sensing component for obtaining snore information of the user during sleep, the snore sensing component being disposed in one of: the first physiological detection device, the second physiological detection device, and an external device, and the snore information and the body posture information are used as the basis to know whether the user snores in posture during the sleeping period.

18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a vibration module for generating a vibration alert when snoring is detected by the snoring detection assembly.

19. The system of claim 11, wherein the information providing unit is implemented to be disposed in one of the following, including: the first physiological detection device, the second physiological detection device and an external device.

20. The system according to claim 11, wherein the flexible portion is configured to include a first free end and a second free end, and a first adjustment mechanism and a second adjustment mechanism are provided, respectively, so that the first free end and the second free end can have different coupling positions, thereby realizing rings with different circumferences.

21. The system according to claim 11, wherein the deflectable portion and the non-deflectable portion are implemented to be removable, and the deflectable portion is implemented as a plurality of differently sized deflectable portions for replacement.

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