CN211125835U

CN211125835U - Deionizing device for fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN211125835U
Application number: CN201922171014.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨星; 罗凡; 吕登辉; 赵书飞; 孙一焱
Original assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Sinohytec Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-06

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell uses deionizer, include: the exchange channel is used for circulating cooling liquid; the ion exchange resin layer is arranged in the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel; and the capacitance deionization structure is arranged on the inner wall of the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel. Thus, part of ions precipitated in the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange passage can be completely adsorbed by the ion exchange resin layer without applying an external voltage. When the external circuit is electrified, the capacitive deionization structure forms an electrostatic field in the exchange channel, so that another part of ions precipitated in the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel is adsorbed by the capacitive deionization structure. Thereby preventing the ion exchange resin layer from reaching a saturated state too fast, and greatly prolonging the service life of the deionization device for the fuel cell.

Description

Deionizing device for fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell system especially relates to a fuel cell uses deionizer.

Background

Since the insulation requirement of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell is high, a deionization device is added to the cooling system. And the deionization device adopted at present is mainly an ion exchange resin deionization tank and is used for removing anions and cations in the cooling liquid and reducing the conductivity of the cooling liquid, thereby ensuring the insulativity of the cooling system.

However, in the deionization tank in the prior art, ions precipitated in the cooling cycle of the fuel cell are adsorbed only by virtue of the adsorption of ion exchange resin, and the adsorption process of the ion exchange resin is irreversible, so that the deionization tank loses the effect after the ion exchange resin is saturated, and the service life of the deionization tank is short.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fuel cell deionization device, which overcomes the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a deionization apparatus for a fuel cell, comprising: the exchange channel is used for circulating cooling liquid; the ion exchange resin layer is arranged in the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out from the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel; and the capacitance deionization structure is arranged on the inner wall of the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel.

Optionally, the capacitive deionization structure includes: the number of the electrodes is two, the electrodes are insulated and isolated and have opposite charges, and the electrodes are connected in series with a power supply part through a lead to form a loop for generating an electrostatic field under the power-on state and adsorbing ions separated out from the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel; and the ion exchange membrane is arranged on the side wall of each electrode in the exchange channel.

Optionally, the ion exchange membrane comprises: and the cathode exchange membrane and the anode exchange membrane are respectively arranged on the electrodes with opposite charges.

Optionally, the electrode comprises: the conductive current collecting layer is used for being connected with the lead; and the ion adsorption layer is arranged between the conductive current collecting layer and the ion exchange membrane and is used for adsorbing ions.

Optionally, the ion-adsorbing layer comprises one or more of: activated carbon, carbon aerogel or activated carbon fiber.

Optionally, the method further includes: and the insulating isolation layer is arranged between the electrodes and used for preventing the current between the electrodes from passing through.

Optionally, the method further includes: and the waste liquid discharge port is arranged on the exchange channel and is used for discharging waste liquid.

Optionally, the method further includes: and the protective end cover is fixed on the outer surface of the exchange channel.

Optionally, the ion exchange resin layer is filled in the exchange channel.

The utility model has the advantages that: under the condition of no external voltage application, part of ions precipitated in the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel can be completely adsorbed through the ion exchange resin layer. When the external circuit is electrified, the capacitive deionization structure forms an electrostatic field in the exchange channel, so that another part of ions precipitated in the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel is adsorbed by the capacitive deionization structure. Thereby preventing the ion exchange resin layer from reaching a saturated state too fast, and greatly prolonging the service life of the deionization device for the fuel cell.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (one) of a deionization apparatus for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view (ii) of a deionization apparatus for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10, an electrode; 11. a conductive current collector layer; 12. an ion adsorption layer; 13. an ion exchange membrane; 14. an insulating isolation layer; 15. an ion exchange resin layer; 16. and protecting the end cover.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the present invention is explained in detail by several specific embodiments.

The utility model discloses a first embodiment provides a fuel cell uses deionization device, include: the exchange channel is used for circulating cooling liquid; an ion exchange resin layer 15 disposed in the exchange passage for adsorbing ions separated from the coolant flowing through the exchange passage; and the capacitance deionization structure is arranged on the inner wall of the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel.

In this regard, without applying an external voltage, a part of ions precipitated in the coolant flowing through the exchange passage can be completely adsorbed by the ion exchange resin layer 15. When the external circuit is electrified, the capacitive deionization structure forms an electrostatic field in the exchange channel, so that another part of ions precipitated in the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel is adsorbed by the capacitive deionization structure. Thereby preventing the ion exchange resin layer 15 from reaching a saturated state too quickly, and greatly improving the service life of the fuel cell deionization apparatus.

Specifically, according to fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell deionization apparatus, wherein in this embodiment, the fuel cell deionization apparatus may be a deionization tank, and of course, in this embodiment, the specific application scenario and form of the deionization apparatus are not limited. The fuel cell deionization apparatus includes: and the exchange channel and the ion exchange resin layer are in 15-stage capacitive deionization structure.

Wherein the exchange channel is used for the circulation of cooling liquid. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the source and components of the cooling liquid are not limited, and only the requirements of the present embodiment are satisfied, such as: the coolant is used to cool the fuel cell device.

The ion exchange resin layer 15 is arranged in the exchange channel, and the ion exchange resin layer 15 is used for adsorbing ions separated out from the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel; namely: the ion exchange resin layers 15 are distributed in the exchange channel, and of course, in this embodiment, the distribution manner of the ion exchange resin layers 15 is not limited, and they may be sequentially arranged along the length direction of the exchange channel, or alternatively fixed on the inner wall of the exchange channel; of course, in another embodiment, the ion exchange resin layer 15 fills the exchange channels.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ions deposited from the coolant can be adsorbed by the ion exchange resin layer 15.

In addition, the capacitive deionization structure is arranged on the inner wall of the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when the external circuit is powered on, an electric field is formed in the exchange channel, so that the capacitive deionization structure can also adsorb ions precipitated from the cooling liquid, thereby reducing the amount of ions adsorbed by the ion exchange resin layer 15. When the external power supply is turned off, the ions stored in the capacitive deionization structure are again precipitated and returned to the inside of the coolant. In this way, the capacitor deionization structure shares the adsorption of ions precipitated from the cooling liquid, so that the saturation of the ion exchange resin layer 15 can be greatly delayed, and the service life of the deionization device for the fuel cell and the deionization efficiency of the cooling liquid are greatly improved.

Of course, in another embodiment, when the fuel cell de-ionization device stops working, the external power supply can be cut off, so that the ions stored in the capacitive de-ionization structure can be separated out and return to the inside of the cooling liquid, and at this time, the cooling liquid at this time only needs to be discharged. The lifetime of a capacitive deionization structure is theoretically infinite, since it proceeds reversibly without consuming any material.

In addition, when the ion exchange resin layer 15 is saturated and cannot be used for ion adsorption, the capacitive deionization structure can still be used. Furthermore, the ion exchange resin layer 15 and the capacitive deionization structure do not necessarily have to be used together, and one option is: the ion exchange resin layer 15 is mainly used for adsorption in the early stage of the life cycle of the fuel cell deionization device, and the capacitance deionization structure is mainly used in the later stage.

The de-ionization apparatus for a fuel cell described above, in another embodiment, comprises: an electrode 10 and an ion exchange membrane 13.

Wherein, the electrode 10 comprises a cathode and an anode, the cathode and the anode are insulated and isolated, an external lead is connected in series between the cathode and the anode, and a power supply element is arranged between the anode and the cathode. In the energized state, an electrostatic field is generated in the exchange channel by the electrode 10 to adsorb ions precipitated from the coolant flowing through the exchange channel.

In particular, an insulating separator 14 is provided between the anode and the cathode, and the passage of current between the electrodes 10 is prevented by the insulating separator 14.

Further, the above-described ion exchange membrane 13 is provided on the side wall of each electrode 10 in the exchange passage. Namely: and ion exchange membranes 13 are arranged on the side walls of the cathode and the anode which are positioned in the exchange channels.

In another embodiment, the ion exchange membrane 13 includes: a cathode exchange membrane and an anode exchange membrane, wherein the cathode exchange membrane is disposed on the anode, and the anode exchange membrane is disposed on the cathode.

In another embodiment, each electrode 10 comprises: a conductive current collecting layer 11 and an ion adsorption layer 12, wherein the conductive current collecting layer 11 is used for connecting with the conducting wire; and the ion adsorption layer 12 is disposed between the conductive current collecting layer 11 and the ion exchange membrane 13, and the ion adsorption layer 12 is used for adsorbing ions.

In the present embodiment, the ion-adsorbing layer 12 includes one or more of the following: activated carbon, carbon aerogel or activated carbon fiber. And one option for the conductive current collector layer 11 is: a metal current collector layer.

In another embodiment, the fuel cell deionization apparatus further comprises: a waste liquid discharge port; the waste liquid discharge port is opened on the exchange channel and used for discharging waste liquid. Further, in the present embodiment, the opening position of the waste liquid discharge port is not limited, and examples of the opening position include: the waste liquid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the exchange channel.

In another embodiment, the fuel cell deionization apparatus further comprises: a protective end cap 16; the protective end cap 16 is secured to the outer surface of the exchange passage. In particular, the protective end cap 16 is disposed on the outer edge of the crossover passage.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, low" etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell deionization apparatus comprising:

The exchange channel is used for circulating cooling liquid;

An ion exchange resin layer (15) disposed in the exchange passage for adsorbing ions eluted from the coolant flowing through the exchange passage;

And the capacitance deionization structure is arranged on the inner wall of the exchange channel and is used for adsorbing ions separated out by the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel.

2. The deionization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said capacitive deionization structure comprises:

The number of the electrodes (10) is two, the electrodes (10) are insulated and isolated, the charges of the electrodes are opposite, and the electrodes (10) are connected in series with a power supply part through a lead to form a loop for generating an electrostatic field under the electrified state and adsorbing ions separated out from the cooling liquid flowing through the exchange channel;

And the ion exchange membrane (13) is arranged on the side wall of each electrode (10) positioned in the exchange channel.

3. Deionization unit according to claim 2, characterized in that said ion-exchange membrane (13) comprises:

And the cathode exchange membrane and the anode exchange membrane are respectively arranged on the electrodes (10) with opposite charges.

4. The deionization unit according to claim 2, wherein said electrode (10) comprises:

A conductive current collector layer (11) for connection with the conductor;

And the ion adsorption layer (12) is arranged between the conductive current collecting layer (11) and the ion exchange membrane (13) and is used for adsorbing ions.

5. The deionization unit according to claim 4, wherein said ion adsorption layer (12) comprises one or more of: activated carbon, carbon aerogel or activated carbon fiber.

6. The deionization apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:

And the insulating isolation layer (14) is arranged between the electrodes (10) and is used for preventing current between the electrodes (10) from passing through.

7. The deionization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

And the waste liquid discharge port is arranged on the exchange channel and is used for discharging waste liquid.

8. The deionization apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

A protective end cap (16) secured to an outer surface of the exchange passage.

9. Deionization unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said ion exchange resin layer (15) fills said exchange channels.